횡하중을 받는 RC 기둥의 전단강도는 기둥의 변위연성도가 증가함에 따라 감소하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 연성도의 증가에 따른 전단강도의 감소율은 초기전단강도에 따라 크게 좌우되므로 이를 합리적으로 예측하기 위해서는 초기전단강도의 평가가 매우 중요하다. 기둥의 전단거동은 단면모양, 형상비, 축력, 축방향철근비, 연성도 등 다양한 요인에 의하여 영향을 받아 복잡하다. 본 연구에서는 형상비, 단면의 중공비, 축방향철근비, 중공 및 중실단면을 변수로 하는 시험체를 제작하여 실험적 연구를 수행하여 전단거동특성을 살펴보았다. 또한, 축방향철근이 전단강도에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 형상비와 축력을 고려한 기존의 초기전단평가식을 보완하였으며, 그 타당성을 검증하였다.

As a series of studies about improvement of yellow croaker drift gill net fishing gear and development of the labor saving fishing system, this study analyzed the behavior characteristics of fishing gear, which does use three types of different sinker materials in the field tests. The result of maritime performance test indicated that the fishing gear which used the lead reached the maximum depth and bio ceramics hauled to the surface of water the fastest. The correlation between the sinking time (St) and depth (Dsl, Dsc, Dsb) of maritime performance test can be shown such experimental equations as Dsl=2.70St - 0.75, Dsc = 2.38St - 1.15, Dsb = 1.77St - 4.00. The correlation between the hauling time (Ht) and depth (Dhl, Dhc, Dhb) of maritime performance test can be shown such experimental equations as and Dhl = 7.88Ht + 35.48, Dhc = 7.80Ht + 40.01, Dhb = 7.95Ht + 36.44.

In this paper deals with behavior of the magnetic abrasive using Ba-Ferrite on polishing characteristics in a new internal finishing of STS304 pipe applying magnetic abrasive polishing. The magnetic abrasive using Ba-Ferrite grain WA used to resin bond fabricated low temperature. And Ba-Ferrite of magnetic abrasive powder fabricated that Ba-Ferrite was crused into 200 mesh. The previous research have made an experiment in the static state the movement of magnetic abrasive grain is nevertheless in the dynamic state. In this paper, We could have investigated into the changes of the movement of magnetic abrasive grain. In reference to this result, we could have made the experiment which is set under the condition of the magnetic flux density, polishing velocity according to the form of magnetic brush.

This paper describes on the real-time tracking of ship's dynamic behavior by AIS information in the coastal waters. The AIS data was received at a land station by using the antenna of AIS receiver mounted on the rooftop of the laboratory, Pukyong National University (PKNU), Busan, Korea, and stored as a NMEA format of serial output sentence of VDM(VHF Data-Link Message) and displayed on the ENC(Electronic Navigational Chart) of a PC-based ECDIS. In this study, the AIS receiver was mainly used to obtain the dynamic information that is necessary to evaluate and track the movement situation of training ship "KAYA" of PKNU in the coastal waters. The change of position with time for the ship turning under the rudder angle of port 30˚ was correctly tracked with the turning circle of 940 m in diameter on the ENC of a PC-based ECDIS. Then, the dynamic information of the AIS system was updated every 6.29 seconds under the turning situation for the speed of 10.9 knots and every 21.65 seconds under the situation running at the speed of 11.05 knots on the straight line route of 155˚, respectively. In case of AIS target tracking in the inshore zone behind large topographical obstructions, such as mountain and apartment buildings, the update rate of dynamic information was irregularly changed by the existence of land obstacles. However, the position tracking by AIS information under the situation existing no sea obstructions was achieved in real or near real-time and the instant presentation of course alternations for the ship was correctly monitored by using a PC-based ECDIS. From these results, we concluded that the PC-based ECDIS technology and methodology combined with the AIS information can be easily extended and applied to the surveillance and management for the fishing operation of fishing vessels in the coastal zone and in the EEZ fishing grounds.

단층 래티스 돔은 경량이면서도 높은 강성을 가지므로 대공간 구조물로서 유리하며, 이 구조물은 기둥 없이 널은 공간을 확보해야하는 구조적 특성으로 인하여 시공시 불안정 현상이 발생할 수 있다. 현재 국내에서 대공간 지붕구조물의 설치 방법으로 가장 많이 도입되고 있는 Erection공법은 Block공법이며, 이 공법은 지상에서 조립한 대공간 지붕 골조를 크레인 등으로 소정의 위치까지 들어 올려 지붕구조를 완성해 가는 설치 공법이다. Block 공법에 있어서 인양할 포인트를 선정하는 작업은 대단히 중요하다. 즉, 인양 시 골조의 변형과 좌굴 등에 대해서 가장 안전하고 경제적인 절점을 인양 포인트로 선정할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 가장 안전하고 경제적인 Erection을 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 삼각형 네트워크를 갖는 단층 래티스 돔의 Erection 시 인양 포인트에 따른 구조물의 거동 및 좌굴 특성을 연구하는데 그 목적이 있다. 얻어진 결론은 1) 돔의 높이 H가 작을수록 인양위치에 따른 좌굴내력의 영향이 큰 것을 알 수 있었으며, 반대로 돔의 높이 H가 클수록 인양위치에 따른 좌굴내력의 영향은 미미한 것을 알 수 있었다. 2) 인양 위치에 관계없이 인양로프 길이에 따른 좌굴내력의 영향은 크지 않은 것을 알 수 있었다.

Acoustic telemetry technique is one of useful tools to get behavioral information of the free-swimming fish. In this study, we conducted acoustic telemetry using coded acoustic transmitters to compare behavior characteristics between wild and cultured black seabream Acanthopagrus schlegeli, one of target species to promote resource in the marine ranching area. Two wild fish and five cultured fish were released in the marine ranching area after tagging surgically. Three of cultured fish were domesticated using the remote acoustic conditioning system for 3 weeks before being released. Two wild fish stayed at the released point for 2 hours and 9 days, respectively. One of wild fish was found about 10.8km away from the released point after 5 months. Two cultured fish stayed at the released point for 6 days and 75 days, respectively. One of acoustic conditioned fish stayed at the released point for 131 days and then was found about 10.1km away from the released point after 25 days. Others stayed at the released point during this study period(159 days).

The micro-structural changes, strength characteristics, and micro-fractural behaviors at the joint interface between a Sn-4.0wt%Ag-0.5wt%Cu solder ball and UBM treated by isothermal aging are reported. From the reflow process for the joint interface, a small amount of intermetallic compound was formed. With an increase in the isothermal aging time, the type and amount of the intermetallic compound changed. The interface without an isothermal treatment showed a ductile fracture. However, with an increase in the aging time, a brittle fracture occurred on the interface due mainly to the increase in the size of the intermetallic compounds and voids. As a result, a drastic degradation in the shear strength was observed. From a microshear test by a scanning electron microscope, the generation of micro-cracks was initiated from the voids at the joint interface. They propagated along the same interface, resulting in coalescence with neighboring cracks into larger cracks. With an increase in the aging time, the generation of the micro-structural cracks was enhanced and the degree of propagation also accelerated.

This study was carried out to determine the maintenance and social behavior characteristics of Hanwoo steers by season. Forty eight Hanwoo steers were video-recorded at 15, 17 and 19 months of age for behavior measurement. Hanwoo steers spent more feeding time (p<0.05) in autumn than in summer and/or winter. Standing time was linearly increased (p<0.05) along with seasonal transition, from summer to winter. The rice straw intake speed was the fastest the summer, whereas the concentrate intake speed was relatively fast in winter. Furthermore, Hanwoo steers showed more behavior time and count for lying down (p<0.05) and drinking (p<0.05) in summer than in autumn and winter. Also, Hanwoo steers spent less count (p<0.05) self grooming and scratching in summer.

The purpose of this article is to show characteristics of complaints of Korean native speakers (KNs), Korean learners (primary, intermediate, and high class) of Japanese language of (KLs), and Japanese native speakers (JNs). When fourteen displeased situations happening occasionally in daily life were given to them, for their complaints about the situations, the degree of complaints and the expression behavior of complaints were investigated. Particularly the complaints by speech act were analyzed with a point of view on the use of strategy and the degree of face-threat (FT). The degree of complaints was higher in order of JNs>KLs>KNs. For the expression behavior of complaints, all of three group (KNs, KLs and JNs) tended to use speech act. For the strategy of complaints and the degree of FT, JNs tended to use strategy of lower degree of FT than that of KN. And KLs showed a tendency of interlanguage which was getting close to targeting language, using strategy of lower FT degree than that of mother language group (KNs) even at a primary class. These results give the following implications for the education of Japanese language for KLs. 1) As the most useful method to resolve the situations of complaints, JNs also use speech act, but JNs recognize the situations more seriously than KNs and their degree of complaints is higher. 2) Nevertheless, JNs are contrasted with KNs by that they would minimize the probable trouble with a person due to their complaints by selecting strategy of low FT degree.

The diffusion behavior of phenol, toluene and benzoic acid in aqueous SDS solution was examined. It showed a similar experimental results for phenol and toluene. The diffusion coefficients of the solutes were characterized by the presence of two distinct regions: below the cmc and above the cmc. For phenol and toluene, it remained approximately unchanged when the SDS concentration was below the cmc. Above the cmc there was an apparent decrease in the diffusion coefficients of the two solutes with increasing SDS concentration. However, for benzoic acid the diffusion behavior was different from that of phenol and toluene. The diffusion coefficient of benzoic acid decreased slightly with increasing SDS concentration, however the diffusion coefficient was almost constant above the cmc. For benzoic acid the diffusion behavior was dependent on the joint contribution of benzoic acid molecules as well as the benzoate ions.

중수로 원전내 여러 계통으로 부터 발생된 폐수지내에는 핵종이 다량 함유되어 있으며, Class A 및 C 폐기물로 분류되는 폐수지의 적정 처리 기술 개발을 위한 기초연구를 수행하였다. IRN-150 혼상 이온교환수지를 이용하여 비방사성 이온과 양이온의 흡착 특성 및 탈차용액을 이용한 이온의 제거 특성을 고찰하였다. IRN-150 수지의 이온의 흡착능은 이론값에 근접한 11 mg-C/g-IRN-150을 나타내었고, 양이온의 흡착 친화도를 단일성분 및 복합성분 시스템을 이용하여 분석하였다. 여러 가지 탈착용액을 이용한 폐수지로부터 이온의 제거 특성을 평가한 결과, 핵종을 전량 효과적으로 제거하기 위해서는 보다도 용액이 유리한 것으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate exploratory wine consuming behavior based on demographic characteristics of wine consumers. A questionnaire was organized and distributed widely to a thousand of wine consumers who could be easily met at wine bars or restaurants, retail stores, wine expositions and wine sampling parties. Total of 793 completed questionnaires (Male: 48.4%, Female: 51.6%) were obtained and analyzed using SPSS package (v.10.0) program. The results of the present study discuss general demographic characteristics of participated subjects, the expenditure for wine, frequency and amount for wine taking, preference of the origin of wines, and preferred wine style. The results also show that why the consumers purchase wine, where they drink or purchase the wine, and what makes they prefer a particular wine bar. Consumers' information search behavior and important factor on wine selection process are presented at the end of the results as well. The current research suggests that gender and age are critical factors to understand wine consuming behavior of customers and improving the knowledge and service level of wine specialists is powerful marketing tool at practical fields.

충남지방에서 많이 재배되고 10개의 벼 품종을 대상으로 벼멸구(Nilaparvata lugens)의 섭식행동을 EPG 패턴으로 분석하였다. 또한 벼의 섭식시간과 감로분비량의 관계를 알아보고 측정한 EPG 패턴을 비교분석하였다. 벼멸구의 각 EPG type을 전기적인 특성에 따라 1-6까지의 6가지로 분류하였다. 이중 Type 1은 구침을 꽂지 않고 쉬거나 돌아다닐 때 나타나는 패턴이고 Type 2는 체관을 흡즙할 때 나타나는 패턴이고 Type 3은 처음으로 구침을 꽂을 때, Type 4는 타액 분비시, Type 5는 물관의 흡즙시, Type 6은 구침의 세포내 이동시 나타난다. 벼멸구의 각 품종에 대한 섭식시간은 금남벼에서는 짧은 시간동안 이루어졌고 동전벼, 대안벼, 동안벼, 대산벼에서는 오랜 시간 흡즙을 하였다. 또한 금남벼에서는 장시간 구침을 삽입하지 않는 시간이 길었다. 감로의 분비량은 동진벼에서 가장 많았고 금남벼에서 가장 적은 감로를 분비했다. 이 감로의 분비량은 체관의 흡즙시간과 비례하여 나타났다. EPG type과 감로의 분비량을 분석한 결과 벼멸구가 선호하는 품종은 동진벼, 동안벼, 대산벼, 대안벼 등이었고 그렇지 않은 품종은 금남벼, 다산벼, 남천벼 등이었다.

본 연구에서는 횡하중을 받는 아웃리거 시스템의 횡변위를 정량적으로 제어할 수 있는 효율적인 강성최적설계기법을 제시하고 이를 이용하여 아웃리거 시스템의 거동특성 및 효율성을 평가하고자 한다. 이를 위해 아웃리거를 이용한 고층 구조물의 거동특성을 고려한 민감도 해석을 수행하며 아울러 수학적계획법의 일반성을 유지하면서도, 큰 규모의 문제도 효율적으로 다룰 수 있는 근사화 개념을 도입하여 구속조건식을 설정한다. 특히 초기에 주어진 단면형상이 최적설계 과정동안 계속 유지된다는 가정을 이용하여 부재재설계 기법을 개발한다. 제시된 정량적인 횡변위 제어 방안의 효용성을 검토하기 위해 네 가지 형태의 50층 고층구조물 예제가 고려된다.

잎응애류의 포식성 천적인 민깨알반날개의 발육단계별 형태적 특징과 행동습성, 그리고 월동에 대하여 조사하였다. 알은 0.3 m 크기의 노랑색 타원형이었고, 유충은 3번 탈피하며 다자란 3령 유충은 길이 1.6 mm, 폭 0.4 mm이며 행동이 민첩하였다. 땅속에서 고치를 짓고 그 안에서 번데기가 되며, 성충은 광택이 있는 암갈색으로 막질의 앞날개는 복부의 절반만 덮고 있는 형태였다. 민깨알반 낱개는 주로 과수원 주변의 삼나무 방풍수에서 성충으로 월동하였다. 그러나 겨울철에도 하우스와 같이 따뜻한 곳에서는 휴면하지 않았다.