Histeridae is a family of beetles commonly known as clown beetles and hister beetles and approximately 3,900 species in 11 subfamily have been described to date. In Korea, up to days, 53 species of 22 genera of 6 subfamily of them have been recorded. They can be easily identified by their shortened elytra that leaves two of the seven tergites exposed, and their elbowed antennae with clubbed ends. Most members of hister beetles are predators and found in most kinds of decaying organic matter, such as droppings, decomposing bodies of animals, compost piles and other decaying plant materials. Some species are also used to control livestock pests that infest dung or to control house flies (Ôhara, 1994). Recently, we have collected several histerid species with Lindgren funner trap for the ecological research on the bark beetles. As a result of this study, we added three newly recorded species, Niponius osorioceps Lewis, 1885, Plegaderus (Plegaderus) marseuli Reitter, 1877 and Trypeticus fagi (Lewis, 1884) to Korean fauna. In this presentation, diagnosis and photographs of characters for each species are presented.

Up to days, approximately 150 species of the subfamily scolytinae have been recorded from Korean peninsula. We have examined the collections of the Museum in Seoul National University, Korea Forest Research Institute, Research Institute of Forest Insects Diversity and National Plant Quarantine Service. And we have collected the bark beetles with Malaise traps and Lindgren funnel traps from 2007 to 2011 in the central part of the Korean peninsula. As a result of this study, we report 4 species, Hylurgus ligniperda (Fabricius 1787), Sueus niisimai (Eggers 1926), Scolytogenes expers (Blandford 1894) and Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff 1878) to Korean fauna with brief descriptions and illustrations of diagnostic characters.

We present a list of Korean fungivorous Tenebrionidae associated with higher fungi (Basidiomycetes). Most fungivorous tenebrionids are associated with the order Aphyllophorales. A total of31 Tenebrionid species (both adults and larvae) belonging to four tribes (Bolitophagini, Toxicini, Scaphidernini, and Diaperini) are presented in our checklist. Of these, 62 percent are obligate mycetobionts, In addition, 42 fungal hosts of fungivorous tenebrionids are presented. Both thetenebrionids and the fungal hosts reported here are found throughout Korea.

내장산국립공원 백양사지역에서 서식하는 딱정벌레류의 분포와 다양성을 조사할 목적으로 본 2010년 7월부터 9월까지 3회에 걸쳐 조사를 수행하였다. 본 조사에서 관찰된 딱정벌레류은 13과 32종으로 조사 되었다. 출현 종 중에서 붉은칠납작먼지벌레 (Synuchus cycloderus Bates)가 전체의 17.4%를 차지하였 다. 다음으로 윤납작먼지벌레 (Synuchus nitidus Motschulsky)가 전체의 13.3%를 차지하였다. 이 두 종이 전체 딱정벌레류의 30.7%를 차지하였다. 표고별 개체수 분포는 해발 200m지점에서 가장 많은 개체수가 조사되었고, 다음으로 해발 500, 400m 순으로 기록되었다. 700m 지점에서 가장 개체수가 낮았다. 월별 채집된 개체수는 총 333개체이며, 7월에 95개체, 8월에 178개체, 9월에 60개체였다. 우점도 지수는 Attelabidae가 가장 높았고, Rutelidae는 가장 낮았으며, 월별 우점도 지수는 7월이 가장 높았고, 8월과 9월은 낮았다. 다양도 지수는 Rutelidae가 가장 높았고, 월별로 보면 8월이 가장 높았다. 내장산 국립공원내 백양사 지역의 종의 풍부도는 Menhinick index가 1.75 이였다.

강원도 인제군 소재 방태산 자연휴양림 일대에서 2010년 6월부터 10월까지 채집한 1,041개체의 지표성 딱정벌레류는 7아과 18속 34종으로 동정되었다. 아과별 종 수(species richness)는 길쭉먼지벌레아과 15종(44.1%), 딱정벌레아과 7종(20.6%), 먼지벌레아과 4종(11.8%), 가슴먼지벌레아과 3종(8.8%) 및 기타 아과 5종(14.7%) 등의 순이었다. 우점종은 Synuchs속 일종(260개체, 25.0%), 민줄딱정벌레(218개체, 20.9%) 및 수도길쭉먼지벌레(205개체, 19.7%)이었다. 고유종은 11종 564개체가 채집되었다. Principal component analysis(PCA) 결과, 서식처의 식생 및 주변 환경의 특성에 따라 종 구성 및 발생 밀도에 차이가 있었다. 특히 딱정벌레아과 및 길쭉먼지벌레아과와 같은 산지에 서식하는 지표성 딱정벌레들은 방태산 자연휴양림 내의 활엽수림 및 침엽수림을 선호한 반면, 무늬먼지벌레아과 및 먼지벌레아과 대부분은 초지와 인접한 지점에서만 출현하여 숲과 인접한 초지의 유무 등 서식환경의 차이가 지표성 딱정벌레류 분포에 중요한 요인이었다. 산림에서의 지표성 딱정벌레 군집 및 분포에 관한 분석 결과는 앞으로 환경변화에 따른 장기모니터링 및 산지 보존프로그램을 수립하는데 유용한 자료로 제공될 것이다.

Community structure of ground beetles in Seokmun- and Siwha-reclaimed lands was investigated with pitfall traps from 21 May to 1 November, 2010. Survey areas were divided by the status of reclamation, vegetation, and flooding frequency. Status of the Seokmun-reclaimed land in Chungcheongnam-do is the progress of conversion to rice paddy after completion, and then dominant plant is Secale cereals. For the Siwha reclaimed land in Gyeonggi-do, reclamation is ongoing, and thus Imperata cylindrica and Calamagrostis pigeios are dominant plants. Flooding was more frequent in Seokmun than in Siwha as 4 times and none, respectively. A total of 3,352 epigeic insects of 9 orders and 22,981 epigeic insects of 9 orders were collected from the Seokmun- and Siwha-reclaimed land, respectively. Collembola was the most abundant in each site. In ground beetle assemblage, 11 species belonging to 7 subfamilies Seokmun and 8 species belonging to 5 subfamilies in Siwha were identified from 183 and 101 collected ground beetles. Chlaenius pallipes (107 individuals, 58.5%) and Pheropsophus javanus (52 individuals, 28.4%) was dominant in Seokmun, while Harplus jureceki (37 individuals, 36.6%), Synuchus arcuaticollis (17 individuals, 16.8%), and Dolichus halensis halensis (17 individuals, 16.8%) was dominant in Siwha. The Shannon's index value was 1.147 and 1.671 in Seokmun and Siwha, respectively. Similarity by the Sørensen index between Seokmun and Siwha was 0.3158. In conclusion, community structure and seasonality of ground beetles were significantly different between two reclaimed lands, and this difference appears to be due to their different habitat conditions such as flooding frequency and progress of reclamation.

Cambodia covers an area of 181,035 sq km, among them, forests cover 53 percent, so there are abundant Insect diversities. Collecting expeditions of Insect were conducted from towns of Osam (first base camp, N 12° 04' 51.7" E 103° 12' 30.5" alt. : 549m) and Roveang (second base camp N 12° 19' 06.5" E 103° 3' 03.8" alt. : 53m) in Pursat Province, western part of Cambodia. As protected forest from government, these areas were almost natural conservation field. Pitfall trap, sweeping method, light trap and searching etc. were used to collect insect. Specially in this expedition, large or big sized beetles, more than 5cm body length, for example, Lucanidae, Cerambycidae, Elateridae etc., mostly collected from light trap in deep forest. Materials are expected more than 100 species belonging to 20 families but it was difficult to identification because of lack of references of this areas. Maybe lots of new or new recorded species will found from Cambodia. Among Coleoptera species, with big sized beetles as the central figure, photos for species of dominant, rare, nominated species of new or new recorded were introduced, and also collecting sites and activities were presented.

The family Bostrichidae contains 9 subfamily and about 580 species. Almost all have adapted to xylophagy, living mainly in sapwood rich in cellulose and many species are considered as serious and onerous technical pests - with increasing export of wooden articles and containers increases also the frequency of introduction of these beetles to various parts of the world, including those of temperate or cold climate (Borowski and Wegrzynowicz, 2007). In Korea, Up to days, 7 species of 5 genera of the family Bostrichidae have been recorded. We added two species, Dinoderus speculifer Lesne, 1895 and Xylothrips pekinensis (Lesne, 1902 - Comb. nov.). And Xylothrips cathaicus Reichardt, 1966 is synonymized with Xylothrips pekineisns (Lesne, 1902 - Syn. nov.). Borowski and Wegrzynowicz (2008) added Xylothrips pekinensis to the Japanese fauna with a photo and mentioned on the possibility of the distribution in the Korean peninsula, but this species had been already recorded to the Japanese fauna by Iwata and Kusakabe (2002).

Up to days, 31 species of 7 genera of the tribe Xyleborini have been recorded from Korean peninsula. We have collected the bark beetles with Malaise traps from 2007 to 2009 in the central part of the Korean peninsula. As a result of this study, we report 2 species, Xyleborus japonicus Nobuchi, 1981 and X. pelliculosus Eichhoff, 1878, for the first time from Korea with brief descriptions and illustrations of diagnostic characters.

There was different between two differential geographical and environmental condition areas on elytra color expression patterns of the multicolored Asian lady beetles (Harmonia axyridis). Especially, it was investigated that expression rates of melanic patterns (conspicua, spectabilis and axyridis) relatively increased in overwintering populations collected in highly mean temperature and longer cumulative daylength area. In addition, in the same collection site, the seasonal difference had influenced on color patterns of H. axyridis. Although these effects didn"t were not observed in the laboratory, environmental conditions such as temperature or cumulative daylength might be factors that gave an effect on color pattern formation.

Recently, ambrosia beetles have become very important pest of 2~5 year old apple trees with M9 dwarf rootstocks in South Korea. The beetles have killed the branches and stems of the young trees, especially, frozen damage trees in winter or drought stressed tree in spring. By the increase in planting area and weaken property in winter of M9 dwarf rootstock, ambrosia beetles are becoming a key pest in Korean apple orchards using M9 rootstock. According to the survey of damaged apple trees by ambrosia beetles, Xylosandrus germanus Blandford, Xyleborus apicalis Blandford and Xyleborinus saxeseni (Ratzeburg). These insects are hosts of the ambrosia fungi. ITS region of rDNA has shown to be a useful source for phylogenetic studies and identifying speices in previous published articles. We analyzed the nucleotide sequences of ITS1, 5.8S and ITS2 region of ambrosia fungi isolated from three ambrosia beetles, in order to observe molecular variation among the fungi strains and to reveal phylogenetic relationships.

Up to now only 17 coleopteran mitogenomes have been fully or near fully sequenced, but this chart does not include any complete mitogenome sequence of the coleopteran infraorder Scarabaeiformia, in which the monotypic Scarabaeoidea is included. In this study, we firstly present three scarabaeoid mitogenomes, two of which are completed and one is near completed. The complete nucleotide sequences of the white-spotted flower chafer, Protaetia brevitarsis (Scarabaeiformia: Scarabaeidae), was determined to be 20,319 bp, the two-spotted stag beetle, Metopodontus blanchardi (Scarabaeiformia: Lucanidae), was 21,678 bp, and the incomplete garden chafer, Polyphylla laticollis (Scarabaeiformia: Scarabaeidae), which lacks sequence information from whole A+T-rich region and a partial srRNA gene was 14,473 bp. Thus, the two complete mitogenome sequences are longest among the completely sequenced insect mitogenomes, followed by the 19,517 bp-long dipteran Drosophila melanogaster. Phylogenetic analysis using the concatenated 13 amino acid sequences of PCGs of the 13 coleopteran insects including three newly sequenced scarabaeoid successfully recovered a monophyly of suborder Polyphaga, a monophyly of infraorder Cucujiformia, a monophyly of infraorder Elateriformia, and also a monophyly of infraorder Scarabaeiformia within Polyphga. However, the Scarabaeiformia represented by three newly sequenced species was unexpectedly placed as a sister group to the Cucujiformia, instead of the placement to the sister to the Cucujiformia and Elateriformia group.

Effect of four nematicidal herbal extracts (Daphne genkwa, Eugenia caryophyllata, Quisqualis indica and Zingiber officinale) and 3 acricidal herbal extracts (Pharbitis nil, Xanthium strumarium, and Desmodium caudatum) on entomopathobenic nematodes [Steinernema carpocapsae Pocheon strain (ScP) and Heterorhabditis sp. Gyeongsan strain (HG)], silkworm (Bombyx mori), and ground beetles (Synuchus sp.) were investigated in the laboratory and field. D. genkwa was highly toxic to ScP and HG (100% mortality) at the concentration of 5,000 ppm in X-plate. All the infective juveniles of HG were dead after 3 days by E. caryophyllata and Q. indica. The mortality of ScP and HG was below 10% by D. genkwa, D. caudatum, E. caryophyllata, Q. indica and Z. officinale at the concentration of 1,000 ppm two days after treatment while mortality of HG was 62.8% by D. genkwa at the concentration of 1,000 ppm in X-plate. However, 1,000 ppm had not effect on nematode survival and pathogenicity of ScP in sand column. On the contrary, E. caryophyllata had effect on pathogenicity of HG. Mean number of dead Galleria mellonella larva of HG was 0.5 in E. caryophyllata treatment. Q. indica did not effect silkworm reared on mulberry leaves at the treatment of 1,000 ppm in 10 days after treatment. However, there were 20.0 and 100% mortalities in the treatment of D. genkwa 3 and 10 days after treatment, respectively. The weight of silkworm was low in D. genkwa and did not pupate. The weight of pupa and cocoon were not different in E. caryophyllata, P. nil, Q. indica, X. strumarium and Z. officinale. D. genkwa, E. caryophyllata, P. nil, Q. indica and Z. officinale had no effect on ground beetles, Synuchus sp. in forest soil.

We've collected litter-dwelling predatory arthropods (spiders and carabid beetles) by using pitfall traps at four different fire intensity treatment areas (control, ground fire, canopy fire, and canopy fire with plantation) at four different regional areas in 2005. We analyzed the arthropod community structures with PC-Ord for the difference of arthropod community among the various fire intensity treatments and control. Our objective was to verify if there was any difference between fired areas and non fired area (control) and between canopy fire with plantation and canopy fire without plantation. From our arthropod community structures, we found there was distinct community composition difference between fired areas and non-fired area as well as between control and canopy fire treatment with plantation or non-plantation. However, we are not sure yet that there was any distinct difference between control and ground fire treatments. Our results from the multivariate analysis, Non-parametric Multidimensional Scaling ordination, could be relatively conclude that the main difference of arthropod community between fired areas and non-fired areal and canopy fire with plantation or non-plantation was caused from the difference of arthropod habitat pattern such as litter depth, litter volumem, CWD cover or volume, and et. al. When we compared to control and other treatments, we could also conclude that the canopy fire treatment with non-plantation was relatively closed to control than the canopy fire treatment with plantation.

As an effective generalist predator of aphids and other hemipteran pests, Harmonia axyridis has been a successful biological control agent. Interestingly, it was known that there were varied in color patterns on H. axyridis elytra. In fact, Seo & Youn (2007) reported that H. axyridis had five color patterns, for example, succinea 1, 2, conspicua, spectabilis, and axyridis. But there are uncertain that H. axyridis elytra colour patterns are regulated by genetic polymorphism. So we tried to what is the reason that color patterns are greatly variable. To identify DNA markers linked to a elytra polymorphism, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was performed on DNA samples from four female succinea, conspicua, spectabilis and Coccinella septempunctata which is another species in Coccinellidae. AFLP analysis with the restriction endonuclease combination EcoRⅠ and MseⅠwas performed. Using 12 AFLP primer pairs, nine AFLP fragments which is specific between succinea, conspicua, spectabilis was identified. These nine AFLP fragments were isolated, cloned and sequenced. Subsequent UPGMA cluster analysis revealed three major group of H. axyridis populations. These genetic tree showed that H. axyridis elytra colour diversity was affected by genetic polymorphism. For more genetically understanding elytra colour genes, different primer combinations may be need to be generate enough polymorphic markers. These genetic analyses may be facilitate the understanding of molecular mechanism behind wing colour pattern formation.

Sampling of the ground beetles in four 'gotjawal' terrains of Jeju island was conducted from April to October, 2007, using pit-fall trap. Totally 2,887 individuals of 23 species belonged to 4 families were collected. The species diversity index was the hi

The multicolored Asian lady beetles (Harmonia axyridis) has characteristic color patterns, which show great variability within species. Up to now, it has been well known that main factors affected on individual color pattern variations in the population of H. axyridis are external, physical, and environmental characteristics. Indeed, there is as yet no evidence to indicate whether the variation is genetic or environmental factors. Also the factors which produce this variation are unknown in this species, although it is suspected that much of the variation is under genetic control. However, the genetic relationships among many of color types were investigated by observing the progeny of each particular pairs. It is worth mentioning a few particular breeding cases to illustrate certain facets of variability, and to indicate examples suitable for genetic analysis of the color pattern variation.

습지의 서식지 특성 및 환경 지표종을 찾기 위해 부산과 경남에 위치한 습지 유형이 다른 하천습지, 산지습지, 하구습지에서 딱정벌레류를 조사하였다. 조사결과 딱정벌레과, 먼지벌레과, 폭탄먼지벌레과에 속한 22속 28종이 채집되었고, 종 다양성은 하천습지(우포늪, 화포늪), 산지늪(재약산늪), 하구습지(낙동강하구) 순으로 나타났다. 딱정벌레류의 종조성은 각 습지에서 독립적으로 나타났는데(χ2=1716.8, P〈0.01), 하천습지와 산지늪이 가장 다른 종조성을 보였다. 지표종 분석을 통해 각 유형의 습지를 대표하는 2~6종의 딱정벌레류를 지표종으로 선출하였는데, 지표종들은 토성과 토양습도, 인위적 환경변화에 대해 민감하게 반응하여 습지환경변화를 모니터링할 수 있는 것으로 보인다. 추후 생활사나 먹이특성 등딱정벌레류의 각종별로 자세한생태적 특성이 연구되면 지표종으로 딱정벌레류를 일반화하여 여러 서식지에서 활용할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.