Odor is a type of air pollution where irritating substances enter through the olfactory system, causing discomfort. At present, the government is formulating various measures and policies to address this type of pollution. This paper seeks to analyze major research cases from both domestic and overseas settings in relation to odor management. In addition, it reviews the potential of addressing environmental issues using a living lab approach in conjunction with community mapping and citizen science. For example, in one domestic case, the Magok smart city living lab project, citizens’ data on community mapping of odor were collected for analysis using artificial intelligence (AI) to derive results. Additionally, in an overseas case in California, citizens directly participated in monitoring air quality using the Community-based monitoring (CBM) method, and both CBM and existing methods were used to assess the level of pollutants for effective data collection. In both of these cases, the potential to address environmental issues was seen to manifest through the development of citizens’ determination and ability to independently solve local problems. However, there are still problems in implementing citizen science, such as the lack of infrastructure and resources available, issues with data collection methodology, questions of objectivity regarding collected data, and concerns about sustainability and expertise in relation to civic participation. Addressing these problems would require an institutional foundation and systematic civic education. This study highlights the potential of addressing environmental problems inherent in the living lab system based on citizen science by analyzing two cases. In addition, this study suggests that if systematic civic education measures are introduced to address issues within existing citizen science research approaches, such measures would be valuable within the educational living lab framework in that they would become effective in tackling not only environmental problems but also social problems as well.

This review paper aimed to comprehensively assess the ventilation methods and ventilation rates of livestock sheds, various livestock odor mitigation technologies, and the design flow rate of odor mitigation devices. The most efficient ventilation method for livestock odor control was found to be mechanical ventilation. When livestock odor is at its most severe during summer, ventilation systems are operated at the maximum ventilation rate, which is 5-25 times higher than the ventilation rate in winter. Therefore, the mitigation facilities of livestock odor must be designed while considering the maximum ventilation rate. There is a significant amount of research data on various livestock odor control technologies using various physical, chemical, biological, and complex technologies applied to livestock farms. Biofiltration and photocatalytic oxidation are considered the most promising methods due to their cost-effectiveness and simplicity. Biofiltration is effective for removing hydrophilic odors, but requires improvement for the efficient removal of hydrophobic odors and the control of accumulated excess biomass. The advantages of the photocatalytic oxidation method include its excellent hydrogen sulfide and ammonia removal rates and relatively low ozone emissions. However, it requires technology to reduce nitrous oxide emissions. Investment in installing and operating these odor mitigation technologies is only realistic for large-sized farms. Therefore, it is imperative for small and medium-sized livestock farms to develop odor mitigation technology that is inexpensive and has low installation, operation, and maintenance costs.

Passengers on public buses operating in the metropolitan area are exposed to the closed indoor air for minutes to hours. The indoor air quality of buses is mostly controlled through ceiling-mounted ventilation and filtration devices. A simulation study using a commercial code was conducted for fluid flow analysis to evaluate the potential effectiveness of an air purifier that can be inserted into bus windows to supply clean air from the outside to the inside. As a result of field measurements, the average CO2 concentration inside the bus during morning and evening rush hours ranged from 2,106±309 ppm to 3,308 ± 255 ppm depending on the number of passengers on board. This exceeded the Guideline for Public Transportation. The optimal installation position of an air purifier appeared to be the front side of the bus. In fact, even a low diffusing flow velocity of 0.5m/s was effective enough to maintain a low concentration of CO2 throughout the indoor space. Based on numerical analysis predictions with 45 passengers on board, the maximum CO2 concentration in the breathing zone was 2,203 ppm with the operation of an air purifier.

As a means to activate eco pastoral system in alpine grassland, the government can consider public pastures, which are currently unused, to scale them up into public ranches. Depending on ownership and operation, four management models proposed as follows: 1) Government-Owned and Operated with Balanced Profit and Loss 2) Government-Owned and Operated with Revenue Generation 3) Government-Owned but Privately Operated by Outsourced to Professional Manager 4) Full Privatization (Ownership and Operation by Private Individuals). The study outlined above proposes four management models for the activation of eco pastoral system in alpine grassland. It also suggests methods for the selection and performance evaluation of manager to establish a profitable structure. Additionally, the research provides management methods for the conservation of grazing ecology in pastoral ecosystems. Particularly, the adaptation of tools commonly used in South Korean business sector for the selection and performance evaluation of manager within the system of the proposed management models. This aspect is deemed valuable as it aligns these tools with the specific characteristics of eco pastoral system in alpine grassland, contributing not only to the effective implementation of the models but also to the enhancement of the revenue structure.

We aimed to develop and analyze the effectiveness of a “Room of Errors” simulation program for educating nursing students in patient safety management. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental method (two group, before and after evaluation) and enrolled 35 nursing students as the participants. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire and analyzed through descriptive statistics and the independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test using SPSS/WIN Statistics version 25.0. Results: After completing the “Room of Errors” simulation program, the participants’ score of intention and confidence in performance for patient safety management in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Conclusion: A “Room of Errors” simulation education program for nursing students effectively increased the intention and confidence in performance of nursing students in patient safety management.

This study attempted to provide implications by analyzing the impact of business Owner’s safety commitment on industrial accidents and examining the mediating role of management supervisors’ safety leadership and worker participation. Analysis was conducted on 2,067 manufacturing sites with 20 to 50 employees in the 10th Occupational Safety and Health Survey data. SPSS waw used to secure the reliability of the measurement variable. Hypothesis vertification was carried out after securing the suitability and validity of the structural model using AMOS. The direct impact of three latent variables on industrial accidents was confirmed: the business owner’s safety commitment, the management supervisor’s safety leadership, and the worker participation. The employer’s safety will and the management supervisor’s safety leadership do not directly affect industial accidents, but it has been verified that worker participation has a diret impact on industrial accident reduction. In addition, it has been confirmed that the safety leadership and worker participation of the management. Supervior have a complete mediating effect on the reduction of industrial accidents by mediating with the safety leadership of the management supervior and the participation of the workers. This study analyzed the impact on industrial accidents by dividing the stakeholders constituting the workplace into three classes: business owners, superviors, and workers, but the results suggest that employers and all workers inside the workplace may be organically linked to achieving the goal of reducing industrial accidents. Therefore, in order to establish an autonomous safety management system for safety and health at workerplaces, efforts are needed to reduce industrial accidents in their respective location by forming an organic community among internal stakeholders.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of simulation-based Korea advanced life support training on new nurses' knowledge, clinical performance ability, performer confidence, and learning satisfaction. Methods: This is a non-equivalent controlled pre-post quasi-experimental study. A simulation-based CPR training program was applied to 37 new nurses. Results: The experimental group scored lower on emergency management knowledge (83.65±7.61) than the control group (84.55±9.22), which was not significant (t=-4.46, p=.657). However, the clinical performance ability score was significantly higher in the experimental group (109.59±9.98) than in the control group (100.24±11.87) (t=3.581, p <.001). Performer confidence was significantly higher in the experimental group (23.43±3.29) than in the control group (19.90±3.85) (t=3.69, p〈.001). In addition, the learning satisfaction score of the experimental group (96.16±5.64) was significantly higher than the control group (88.42±11.13) (t=3.72, p< .001). Conclusion: This study confirmed that simulation training is an efficient way to improve new nurses' clinical performance ability, and performer confidence. Therefore, applying simulation training in scenarios can improve new nurses' work competence and contribute to improving the quality of patient care.

본 연구는 화재, 구조, 구급 등 재난 대응 최일선에서 근무하는 119상황관리사의 직무 역량이 무엇인지 도출하고 델파이 연구로 타당성을 검증하여 해당 직무의 전문성 향상을 위해 발전된 교육훈련 기초자료 를 마련하고자 수행되었다. 이에 국내외 선행연구 및 직무매뉴얼을 분석하여 119상황관리사 직무역량 후 보군을 구성한 후 초점집단면접을 통해 직무역량 개발에 대한 의견을 수렴하는 과정을 거쳐 119상황관리 사 직무역량의 정의를 규명하였다. 마지막으로 2차에 걸친 전문가 패널을 대상으로 델파이조사를 실시하 여 검증한 후 타당성을 확보하였다. 이러한 연구결과 분석을 통해 다음과 같은 결론이 도출되었다. 첫째, 최종 확정된 119상황관리사 직무역량은 8개의 책무영역과 70개의 직무역량으로 구성되었다. 특히 119상 황관리사 직무역량에서 화재, 구급, 구조신고 상황관리 역량이 가장 큰 부분을 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 119상황실에 따라 제대로 다루지 못한 스트레스 관리 역량이나 중요한 공통 직무역량의 구체적 내 용을 도출하였다. 셋째, 119상황관리사의 실제 현장 경험이 풍부한 전문가 패널들로부터 현업에 기반을 둔 직무 역량으로 타당성을 확보하였다. 이를 기반으로 119상황실의 지역에 따른 편차를 줄이고, 직무 수 행 수준 향상을 위한 교육과 훈련의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다는 점에서 몇 가지 시사점을 제안하였다.

This study analyzed effective capacity building education plans for public institution management supervisors. A survey was conducted on 635 management supervisors of public institutions (99 institutions) subject to the safety management rating system to understand the characteristics of educational participants and the impact of educational satisfaction on professionalism improvement after capacity building education. As a result of statistical analysis, the professional improvement according to the affiliation of educational participants was higher in the workplace and construction site divisions than in the research facility division, and the professional improvement according to the working period was higher for more than 15 years than for less than 5 years and less than 15 years. In addition, the quality of education had a significant positive (+) effect on the degree of professional improvement. This study can be used as basic data for further research related to capacity building education for public institution management supervisors

한국의 정원수는 2015년 7개에서 2022년 98개로 급격히 증가하였다. 늘어나는 정원 인프라의 수에 비해서 유지관리를 위한 지속적 정책과 연구는 미진한 상황이다. 본 연구는 효율 적인 정원 관리 정책을 도출하기 위해 주민들의 인식을 조사 하였다. 토픽 모델링, 감성 분석 등 텍스트 마이닝을 활용해 정원 참여 유형에 따른 주민 인식을 조사하였다. 주민 주도 정 원 그룹에서는 ‘정원정책’, 관 주도 정원 그룹에서는 ‘주민에 게 미치는 영향’이라는 주제에 의견이 집중되었다. 감성 분석 에서는 주민 주도 정원 그룹이 관 주도 정원 그룹보다 긍정어 점수가 더 높았다. 이러한 결과는 주민과 만족도 사이에 강한 사회적 연결이 있음을 나타낸다. 또한 주민 주도 정원 그룹에 서는 유지관리 업무를 맡은 주민들이 이를 자기계발의 한 형 태로 여기는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 주민 주도 정원 관리 유형이 정원정책에 시사하는 바가 크며, 정원 내 일자리 와도 관련이 있음을 알 수 있다.

Approximately 40,000 elevators are installed every year in Korea, and they are used as a convenient means of transportation in daily life. However, the continuous increase in elevators has a social problem of increased safety accidents behind the functional aspect of convenience. There is an emerging need to induce preemptive and active elevator safety management by elevator management entities by strengthening the management of poorly managed elevators. Therefore, this study examines domestic research cases related to the evaluation items of the elevator safety quality rating system conducted in previous studies, and develops a statistical model that can examine the effect of elevator maintenance quality as a result of the safety management of the elevator management entity. We review two types: odds ratio analysis and logistic regression analysis models.

Mid-sized manufacturing companies, which account for 0.7%(5,480 companies), 13.8%(1.169 million persons) of total employment, and 15.7% of total sales, have recently experienced a lot of difficulties in management activities due to the impact of COVID-19, the U.S.-China trade war, and the collapse of global supply chains. To overcome this, revitalization of quality management activities to strengthen corporate competitiveness is emerging as an urgent task. In order for these quality management activities to achieve their intended purpose, the positive leadership of corporate managers is very important above all else. There have been many studies related to positive leadership, but most have focused on charismatic leadership and transformational leadership centered on large companies or small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, this study aims to present ways to strengthen the leadership of managers by empirically analyzing how the positive leadership of managers of mid-sized manufacturing companies, which was relatively under-researched, affects quality management activities and Business performance(Balanced Score Card; BSC).

Okadaic acid (OA) group toxins, including OA and its analogs, such as dinophysis toxins (DTXs), have been reported to cause diarrheal shellfish poisoning (DSP). These toxins are primarily produced by dinoflagellates and are accumulated in bivalves. Recently, the presence of Dinophysis sp., a causative alga of DSP, has been reported along the coasts of Korea, posing a potential risk of contamination to domestic seafood and exerting an impact on both the production and consumption of marine products. Accordingly, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have established standards for the permissible levels of OA group toxins in marine products for safety management. Additionally, in line with international initiatives, the domestic inclusion and regulation of DTX2 among the substances falling under the purview of management outlined by the 2022 diarrheal shellfish toxin standard have been implemented. In this study, we reviewed the physicochemical properties of OA group toxins, their various exposure routes (such as acute toxicity, genotoxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity), and the relative toxicity factors associated with these toxins. We also performed a comparative assessment of the methods employed for toxin analysis across different countries. Furthermore, we aimed to conduct a broad review of human exposure cases and assess the international guideline for risk management of OA group toxins.

As discarded fishing gear settles or floats on the seabed, it destroys the spawning and habitat of fisheries resources that causes various safety accidents and adverse effects on the environment, such as generating microplastics and causing ship accidents. In order to solve this problem, this study is intended to present an implementation plan for establishing a fishing gear deposit system in order to use it as basic data for establishing policies for fishing gear management in Korea. In order to successfully implement the fishing gear deposit system, the deposit system must be established in the form of fishing gear completed at the production stage. It was found that the marking of the object should be easy, and that determining an appropriate deposit amount to motivate the return of waste fishing gear and establishing a convenient return procedure for returned waste fishing gear were important factors. In addition, transparent management of unreturned deposits and mandatory use of fishing gear subject to the deposit system for fishermen will be necessary. The role of a specialized organization to manage and operate all of these procedures is also very important. It is necessary to establish a new mandatory provision in the Fisheries Act to require fishermen who directly use fishing gear to use fishing gear with a deposit refund mark, and to ensure the implementation of the deposit system by linking it with the evaluation items of government policy projects. Since the main purpose of the deposit system is to collect discarded fishing gear, a support plan will be necessary in accordance with the purchase project for fishing waste salvaged by local governments in 2020.

막대한 예산이 투입되는 국가연구를 기획·관리·확산하는 연구관리 담당자들은 매우 중요한 인력이나, 역할에 관한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 연구관리 전문기관 담당자에게 필요한 역량요소를 도출하고 역량의 중요도를 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 4가 지 주요요인과 16개의 하위요인을 도출하였고, AHP 기법을 기반으로 설문조사(연구관리 담 당자와 연구자 90명 대상)를 추진하여 우선순위를 도출하였다. 전체 응답자 기준으로 역량의 중요도는 협력적 태도, 소통능력, 연구지식, 목표관리능력과 신의성실 순으로 확인되었으나, 담당자의 경우, 업무와 관련한 역량(규정지식, 판단능력, 정책지식)이 중요하다고 보는 반면, 연구자들의 경우 자신들을 보다 더 지원해 줄 수 있는 역량(협력적 태도, 소통능력)을 보다 더 중시하는 시각차를 볼 수 있었다. 이번 연구는 전문기관 연구관리 담당자의 채용과 역량 개발에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Purpose: To determine whether artificial -intelligence quarantine robots can positively contribute to environmental management in medical institutions. We conducted in-depth interviews to understand the experiences of hospitalized patients receiving environmental management from such robots. Methods: Data were collected during March 20~May 20, 2023. individual in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 hospitalized patients, who could provide specific details of their experience of receiving environmental management from a quarantine robot. Results: Qualitative content analysis identified four themes, including “First encounter with an amazing and new quarantine robot,” “Efficiently performs non-face-to-face quarantine work in hospitals,” “Problems with quarantine robots,” and “Recommendations for improving the functionality of quarantine robots in medical institutions so quarantine robots and humans can coexist.” Conclusion: Currently, quarantine robots have limited functionality, and additional research is needed to identify various other functions in consideration of future infectious disease situations and the level of quarantine appropriate in a hospital.