Insecticidal activity of 20 plant species against adults of Myzus persicae, female adults of Tetranychus urticae, and 2<SUP>nd</SUP> or 3<SUP>rd</SUP> instar larvae of Plutella xylostella was evaluated in this study. Thirteen plant extracts showed over 80% acaricidal activity to T. urticae at the concentration of 1%, while Capsicum annuum (hot-pepper seed), Inula helenium, and Acorus calamus revealed 82.8-86.2% acaricidal activities at 0.5%. Insecticidal activities of the plant extracts to M. persicae and P. xylostella were relatively low compare to the mite. Among the plant extracts, C. anuum and Brassica juncea revealed 48.6% and 42.9% respectively insecticidal activities to the aphid at the concentration of 0.5%. Extracts of C. anuum and Jeffersonia dubia provided 55% and 50% insecticidal activity against P. xylostella at 1%. And, the highest antifeeding activity of the insect was observed in the J. dubia extract as 79.4%. Results indicated that some plant extracts including hot pepper seed could be used as potential botanical pesticides for organic farming.

MTT(3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium) assay were used to analyze anticancer activities from herbal plants. This study was conducted to inhibit the human lung cancer(A549) cell line in vitro. The 1C50 value of cytotoxicity showed range of 127.83-2018 .1 9μg/m~. Especially Coriander( 127.83μg/mR} and Catnip(140.68μg/me.) showed more stronger activity than other plants, respectively.

This study was investigated on antioxidant activities of methanol, ethanol, and water extracts of 42 herbs. The herbs grown at Dankook university practice greenhouse. Through the examination of methanol, ethanol , and water extracts from 42 herbs for radical scavenging effects using DPPH method. Antioxidant activities of each solvent extracts were not similar or lower than that ascorbic acid. The IC50 value of antioxidant activities have range 400-200 in about 25% of herbs and water extract showed higher antioxidant activity more than methanol and ethanol extracts. Antioxidant activities in methanol extract were in order of lemon balm>pappermint>oregano, ethanol extract of sweet majoram>oregano>spearmint, and water extract of beramot mixed>lemon balm> oregano. Lemon balm, oregano, red basil , spearmint among 42 herbs showed the highest antioxidive activity and water extract was excellent results than other extracts.

Antioxidant activity of Astragalus membranaceus, Polygonatum stenophyllum, Angelica gigas, Acanthopanax sessiliflorus and Angelica pubescens extracts cultivated in Jecheon prepared with different solvents were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrzyl(DPPH) radical scarvenging ability and thiocyanate method . The highest hydroxy radical scarvenging activity was shown in Acanthopanax sessiliflorus, while the lowest was in Polygonatum stenophyllum. Angelica gigas showed strong antioxidant activity by thiocyanate method. Methanol extracts and water extracts showed higher antioxidant activities than ethanol extracts. Angelica pubescens showed the highest polyphenol contents and Acanthopanax sessiliflorus showed the highest flavonoid contents. Direct correlation between the hydroxy radical scavenging activity and polyphenol contents or flavonoid contents was established by simple regression(r>0.8) in each solvent extracts. Among medicinal plants cultivated in Jecheon, Acanthopanax sessiliflorus and Angelica pubescens showed strong antioxidant activities. These results suggest that methanol or water extracts of several medicinal plant cultivated in Jecheon could be used as natural antioxidants.

만수국 혼식과 만수국, 잔디, 산검양옻나무, 붉나무 및 양파 등의 식물체 추출액이 토마토에서 당근뿌리혹선충의 기생에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하셔 실험을 수행하였다. 만수국을 토마토와 혼식한 실험에서는 토마토 정식 15일전에 만수국을 이식한 구가 15일 후에 이식한 구보다 당근뿌리혹선충의 발생이 적었으며, 잎과 뿌리의 추출액 처리가 혼식보다 더욱 효과적이었다. 즉 만수국 잎추출액의 원액을 토마토 정식 5일전에 처리한 구의 난낭수는 2.2개, 뿌리추출액의 원액을 처리한 구는 5.6개로서 무처리구의 129.4개보다 현저히 적었다. 또한 잔디 추출액처리의 경우에도 무처리구의 난낭수가 87.2개였던데 비하여 원액 처리구는 21개, 2배 희석액 처리구에서는 28.4개로 적었다. 산검양옻나무, 붉나무 및 양파추출액도 당근뿌리혼선충의 발생을 현저히 억제시켰는데, 무처리구의 난낭수 193.6개에 비하여 산검양옻나무 추출액 원액 5일전 처리구에서는 1.6개, 붉은나무 추출액 원액 처리구는 1.6개, 양파추출액 원액 처리구는 6.2개로서 매우 효과가 있었다. 이 실험에서 사용하는 식물체의 추출액을 토마토 정식전에 처리하는 것이 동시 또는 후에 처리하는 것보다 효과적이었으며 추출액의 농도가 높을수록 형성된 난낭수가 적었다.

국내산 41종과 79종 식물체 메탄올 추출물 및 일본산 1종 식물체 정유의 솔잎혹파리(Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida et Inouye) 유충에 대한 살충황성을 여지접촉법과 충제침지법으로 조사한 결과 살추활성은 식물체 종류에 따라 달리 나타났다. 여지접촉법으로 여지당 시료 10mg을 처리하였을 때, 국내산 미나리아재비과의 지범, 부자의 위령선 뿌리 추출물과 일본산 측백나무과의 Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondai 톱밥의 정유가 90%이사의 살충활성을 보였다. 그러나 충제침지법(5,000ppm)을이용한 생물검정에서는 T.dolabrata var. hondai 톱밥의 정유만이 강한 살충활성을 나타내었다. 따라서 T.dolabrata var. Hondai 톱밥의 추출물의 솔잎 혹파리에의한 소나무림의 피해를 줄일 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

아프리카 나이제르산 13관 21종 식물체의 부위별로 채집된 31 시료 메탄올 추출물의 벼멸구에 대한 살충활성 및 점박이이응애에 대한 살비활성을를 가각 미량국소처리법과 잎침지법으로 조사한 결고, 시료의 부위 및 종에 따라 살충 및 살비활성에 커다란 차이를 보였다. Caesalpinacras과의 Cassia occidentalis와 Cassia tora 전부위 및 Mimosaceas 과의 Prosopis chinensts줄기의 메탄올 추출물은 벼멸구에 대해서 강한 살충활성을 보인 반면, 비름과의 Celosia trigyna 전부위, Combretaceae과의 Combretum glutinotum 잎과 Combretum micronthum 전부위 및 Prosopis chinensis 잎과 열매의 메탄올 추출물은 점박이응애에 대해 강한 살비활성을 나타내었다

The differential susceptibility of the two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae and its predator, Phytoseiulus persimilis against extracts of Gleditsia japonica var. koraiensis, Camellia sinensis, Cinnamomum cassia, Lantana camara and their mixtures was evaluated. The plant extracts tested were much less toxic to P. persimilis than to T. urticae. The plant extracts tested had little effect on the survival of P. persimilis adult females. Moreover, reproduction of P. persimilis adult females and eclosion of eggs deposited by treated predators were not seriously affected. The treatments of the plant extracts tested showed no serious toxic effect on P. persimilis eggs and exhibited 84∼100% hatchability. The treatments with mixtures 3 and 1 were effective against the adult females of T. urticae and yielded 76.0% and 72.7% adulticidal activity at 7 days after treatment, respectively. The treatment of mixture 2 revealed 63.3% adulticidal activity. Generally, the acaricidal activity of the individual treatment of each plant extract was lower than the mixtures. The adult females of T. urticae treated with mixtures 3 and 1 produced only 29.5∼31.3% as many eggs as the control females did. All the plant extracts tested exhibited no noticeable toxic effect to the eggs of T. urticae. These results suggest that mixtures 3 and 1 might be used for the control of T. urticae, and expected to be promising candidates for use in integrated mite management program with P. persimilis.

The acaricidal activity of extracts of Gleditsia japonica var. koraiensis, Camellia sinensis, Cinnamomum cassia, Lantana camara and their mixtures against the tea red spider mite, Tetranychus kanzawai was evaluated. Treatments with mixtures 3 and 1 were effective against the adult females of T. kanzawai and yielded 82.0% and 77.3% adulticidal activities at 7 days after treatment, respectively. Treatment with mixture 2 revealed 68.0% adulticidal activity. Generally, the acaricidal activity of the single treatment of each plant extract was lower than the mixtures. The adult females of T. kanzawai treated with mixtures 3 and 1 produced only 24.0~29.6% as many eggs as control females did. The residue of the plant extracts tested had low adulticidal activity (16.7~31.3% at 7 days after treatment). All the plant extracts tested exhibited no remarkable toxic effect to the eggs of T. kanzawai. Treatments of mixtures 3 and 1 were effective against nymphs of T. kanzawai and led to emergence rates of 16.7 and 22.0%, respectively. These results suggest that mixtures 3 and 1 might be used for the control of T. kanzawai in tea fields.

This study was conducted to select candidates from plant resources for the purpose of improving or treating Alzheimer’s disease, a type of dementia. One hundred and eighty-four plant extracts at a final concentration of 100 ㎍/㎖ were screened to determine their capacity to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by in vitro assay. From this AChE assay, seven plant extracts - including methanol ext. and water ext. of Phellaodendron amurense Rupr. (bark), methanol ext. of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn (stamen/ovary), methanol ext. of Persicaria tinctoria H. GROSS (flower), methanol ext. of Coptis chinensis (rhizome), ethanol ext. of Cinnamomum cassia Blume(bark) and ethanol ext. of Carthamus tinctorius L. (fruit) - showed effective inhibition activity ranging from 18.7% to 63.1%. The selected extracts were testified their inhibition activities on AChE and BuChE (butyrylcholinesterase) at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200 ㎍/㎖. In the AChE assay, five extracts including methanol ext. of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (stamen/ovary), methanol ext. of Persicaria tinctoria H. GROSS (flower), methanol ext. of Coptis chinensis (rhizome), methanol ext. and water ext. of Phellaodendron amurense Rupr. (bark) showed inhibition activity of 15.0%~73.5%, 19.5%~63.5%, 81.6%~58.5%, 69.9%~80.5%, and 54.8%~78.3%, respectively, at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200 ㎍/㎖. In the BuChE assay, the extracts of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (stamen/ovary), Persicaria tinctoria H. GROSS (flower), and Coptis chinensis (rhizome) showed inhibitory capacities of 58.9~81.6%, 45.8%~72.4%, and 33.1%~55.4% at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200 ㎍/㎖, respectively. In conclusion, it is suggested that Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (stamen/ovary), Persicaria tinctoria H. GROSS, Coptis chinensis (rhizome) and Phellaodendron amurense Rupr. (bark) could be selected as candidate materials for improving or treating Alzheimer’s disease on the basis of further study.

본 연구는 버드나무 속 식물의 화장품 소재로써의 활용 가능성을 평가하기 위해 수행하였다. 버드나무 속 식물 중 갯버들, 능수버들 및 키버들 70% 에탄올 추출물의 DPPH radical 소거능 분석을 통한 항산화 활성을 평가한 결과 모든 추출물이 대조군에 비해 DPPH radical 소거능이 유의적으로 증가하였다. 또한 3종의 버드나무 속 식물 추출물 처리는 RAW 264.7 세포의 nitric oxide (NO) 생성을 유의적으로 억제하여 항염 활성이 있는 것으로 확인되었으며, 모두 콜라게나제 저해 활성이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 그 중 갯버들 추출물이 가장 높은 콜라게나제 저해활성을 나타내어 갯버들 추출물의 용매 분획물에 대한 추가적인 콜라게나제 저해활성을 분석한 결과, 물 및 부탄올 분획물이 가장 높은 콜라게나제 저해활성이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 결과적으로 버드나무 속 식물 중 갯버들은 높은 콜라게나제 저해활성이 있는 것으로 확인되어 향후 효과적인 기능성 화장품 소재로 활용 가능 할 것으로 사료된다.

Background : This study was conducted to select candidates from among plant resources with the potential to improve Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common form of dementia. AD has been linked to a deficiency in the brain neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), and is also correlated with cholinergic system abnormalities coupled with progressive cognitive impairment and altered behavior. The activity of ACh in the brain is terminated by the hydrolysis action of cholinesterase (ChEs). An inhibitor of these enzymes could contribute to improving the level of ACh and to augmenting the activity of surviving cholinergic neurons in patients with AD. Methods and Results : Plant extracts were prepared by solvent extraction and tested for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity by using the Ellman colorimetric method. One hundred and eighty-four extracts at a final concentration of 100 ㎍/㎖ were preliminarily screened for their AChE inhibition capacity. From the experiment, the AChE inhibitory activity of five extracts including a methanol extract of Coptis chinensis (rhizome), a methanol extract of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn (stamen/ovary), a methanol extract of Persicaria tinctoria H.GROSS (flower), and both a methanol extract and a water extract of Phellaodendron amurense Rupr (bark) showed comparatively higher AChE inhibitory effects, ranging from 38.3 to 63.1%, than other extracts. The five selected extracts were retested for their AChE inhibition activity at final concentrations of 25, 50, 100, and 200 ㎍/㎖, and compared with tacrine (0.1 ㎍/㎖) as the positive control. In the experiment, the five extracts effectively inhibited AChE at each of the set concentrations. Conclusion : The results of this study indicate that the five plant extracts mentioned above could be utilized as candidates for improving the ACh level and for ameliorating AD.

This study was aimed at evaluating the antifungal potentials of twelve plant extracts (Terminariae Fructus, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Cinnamomi Cortex, Taraxacum Platycarpum, Rubi Fructus, Caesalpiniae Lignum, Myristicae Semen, Caryophylli Flos, Sanguisorbae Radix, Alpiniae Katsumadaii Semen, Scutellariae Radix, Astragalus membranaceus) in preventing storage rot symptoms in ginger (Zingiber officinale). Samples were collected from ginger that had been stored for 120 days at 10-12 . A total of ten fungi were isolated from stored non-spoiled and spoiled ginger and identified using internal transcribed spacer gene sequencing as Hypocrea virescentiflava, Fusarium oxysporum, Acremonium strictum, Fusarium solani, and Cadophora fastigiata. The causal fungus of storage rot was identified as F. oxysporum by pathogenicity test. Twelve candidate plant extracts were screened for antifungal activity against F. oxysporum isolated from spoiled ginger by using the disk diffusion method. In minimal inhibitory concentration (MICs) test, all ethanolic extracts of Cinnamomi Cortex, Taraxacum platycarpum, and Caryophylli Flos exhibited higher antifungal activity against F. oxysporum than other plant extracts. The MIC value of Cinnamomi Cortex and Caryophylli Flos were determined to be 10 ìg/disc. The MIC of T. platycarpum, 2.5 ìg/disc, was the lowest. Based on the results, it was concluded that Cinnamomi Cortex, T. platycarpum, and Caryophylli Flos have potential to serve as effective treatments to prevent storage rot of ginger.

Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes)는 여드름의 주요 병원성균으로 염증성 질환에 관련된 미생물 중 에 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 여드름 주요 유발 균주인 P. acnes에 대하여 70% Ethanol로 추출한 제주 자생 식물 추출물의 항균활성을 disc diffusion test 실험을 이용하여 측정하였다. 실험 결과 61개의 제주 자생 식물 추출물 중에서 45개 추출물의 항균 활성이 검출되었으며, 16개의 추출물은 항균 활성이 검출되지 않았다. 그중 에서 여우 구슬(Phyllanthus urinaria L.) - 줄기⋅잎 추출물이 18.96 ± 0.69 mm로 가장 높은 항균 활성을 나타내었고, 참당귀(Angelica gigas Nakai) - 뿌리, 돌외(Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino), 참당귀(Angelica gigas Nakai) - 잎⋅줄기, 산박하(Isodon inflexus (Thunb.) Kudo), 차나무(Camellia sinensis L.) - 꽃, 그리고 로즈마리(Rosmarinus officinalis L.) - 줄기 추출물 순으로 높은 항균 활성을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 제주 자생 식물 추출물이 여드름 치료⋅예방의 항균제 및 기능성 화장품 천연 원료로써의 이용 가능성을 제안한다.