Artificial intelligence (AI) is an interdisciplinary subject based on computer science and has a history of more than 70 years. With the development of social industries, various service needs are developing rapidly, and AI is also playing a huge role in the application field of big data. This paper focuses on the analysis and application of AI in the subject classification system for high school students. The subject classification system adopts the characterization of subjects that a country have; and the amount of information data is huge. Different countries set up different subject systems according to the needs of social structure. In 2013, Qingdao Warwick International Education College (Warwick College) and Korean wisemento Co., Ltd. (Wisemento company) spent 4 years jointly researching and completing an analysis and assessment system suitable for Chinese subject classification system. Follow the subject and professional scoring method, the assessment system scientifically calculates trend scores and interacts with potential and career models to find the subject development direction, professional trend, future potential development direction, subject and career direction that are suitable for students. It provides trend data suitable for students’ subject development, provides scientific basis for students’ course selection, helps students understand themselves, and provides students with targeted career education development directions for subjects and careers. The education resources can be utilized effectively; student individual data also provides a basis for the management of education and teaching.

Aluminum High Vacuum Die-casting process has become more prevalent in automotive manufacturing industry which require high productive rate, weldable process and heat treatment process. However, high pressure die castings usually contain gas porosity due mainly to the entrapment of air or gas in the die during the high speed injection of the molten metal into the die cavity. Vacuum block system with disk spring was developed and vacuum chanel was optimized with numerical flow analysis. The porosity of die castings was analyzed by X-ray CT, and the effect of porosity on the mechanical properties was analyzed by hardness and tensile test. Tensile strength was improved 49.5% for 50mbar high vacuum die-casting process compare then 300mbar. And then, Surface property was analyzed with plunger velocity and fast shot set point.

본 연구는 한우 암소비육에 있어서 고 에너지의 육성용 TMR(TDN 72.7%DM, CP 13.65%DM)을 육성기(8~12개월령) 및 비육기(13~24개월령)까지는 제한급여하고, 이후 비육 마무리기(25~32개월령)까지 자유 채식시켰을 때, 증체수준, 도체특성 및 경제성에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 수행되었다. 공시축은 한우 암소 35두(8개월령)를 이용하여 Control구(5두), T1(10두), T2(10두) 및 T3(10두)구로 나누어 난괴법으로 배치하였다. 공시사료는 전기간 동일한 육성용 TMR을 Control구에서는 자유채식 시켰고, T1, T2, T3구에서는 각각 체중의 1.8%, 1.6% 및 1.5%로 제한하여 24개월령까지 급여하였다. 한우 암소의 체중은 비육마무리기간에서 Control구에 비해 T1, T2 및 T3 처리구가 각각 4.9%, 3.6% 및 2.5% 높은 것으로 나타났다 (p<0.05). 일일증체량은 육성기에는 Control구와 T1구가 다른 처리구에 비해 높았으며(p<0.05), 비육마무리기의 T1 처리구가 다른 처리구에 비해 높았다(p<0.05). 건물섭취량과 TDN 섭취량은 비육마무리기간에서 T1구가 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 고 에너지의 육성우용 TMR을 전 기간동안 급여함으로써 도체중과 배최장근 단면적이 일반적인 한우 암소비육 결과에 비해 현저히 증가되었다. 처리구별 도체중은 Control구에 비해 T1구가 약 11.6% 많았으며(p<0.05), 지방색과 성숙도는 Control구에서 높았다(p<0.05). 근내지방도, 육색 및 조직감은 처리구간 유의적 차이는 없었으나, 육량등급 출현율에 있어서는 Control구에서 A등급이 60%로서 다른 처리구에 비해 높았다. 육질등급에서 1++ 등급 출현율은 Control, T1, T2 및 T3구에서 각각 0%, 20%, 20% 및 0%로 나타났다. 순수익은 Control구에 비해 T1과 T2구가 각각 15% 및 13% 증가되었으나 T3구는 2% 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 한우 미경산우 비육 시, 고에너지의 육성용 사료를 육성기부터 비육기(13~24개월령)까지 체중의 1.8% 수준으로 제한 급여하는 것이 전 기간 동안 자유채식시키는 것보다 도체중이나 육질등급 증가로 경제성이 향상되어 한우암소 고급육생산 프로그램 개발에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Background: High string instrument (violin, viola) players are at high risk for developing musculoskeletal problems. In particular, a higher prevalence of shoulder problems has been reported. However, evidence of the effectiveness of therapeutic exercise for musicians with this condition is lacking until now. Objects: This case series study investigated the effect of a specific exercise program on shoulder pain, dysfunction, and posture of professional orchestral high string musicians. Methods: Five professional orchestral high string players with shoulder pain participated in this study. A six-week specific exercise program focus on scapular stability for shoulder pain consisted of scapular muscle exercise. Physical examinations for pain and dysfunction, posture were performed, were identified among all subjects before starting the exercise program. Results: The results revealed that shoulder pain decreased by 67.86% and the effect of pain on instrument play decreased by 63.33%. The shoulder pain and disability Index and the performing arts module-quick disability of the arm, shoulder and hand scale decreased by 71.72% and 51.61% respectively. The exercise program improved function and posture. Conclusion: A specific exercise program for high string players was effective in managing shoulder pain. This case series is intended to provide empirical data on the effectiveness of an exercise program aimed at assessing the effect of exercise on pain, dysfunction, and posture of professional orchestra musicians associated with specific instrument groups.

The purpose of this study is to find and compare the differences in stress level, stressor, and coping style of high school students according to their personality traits. And to identify the personality traits contributing to stress reduction. The results of the study can be used as basic data for reducing the stress of adolescents to improve their academic achievement and maintain mental and physical stability. The questionnaire survey was conducted for 10 days from June 7 to June 16, 2017 for S high school students in Chungbuk Province. The study employed four measuring instruments as Ego-gram, Ok-gram, stressor scale, and stress coping type scale. Individual personality traits were classified into ego-states and ok-states in TA (Transactional Analysis). Stressors are classified into 5 categories (school life, home life, human relationship, myself, environment) and stress coping styles are classified into 4 categories (problem-focused coping, social-support coping, feeling-focused coping, hope-thinking coping) used in the previous studies. The collected data were analyzed using T-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. As a result, the stress level of high school students showed significant differences according to sex, year, grade, sleeping time, personality traits, and coping styles. Personality traits that contributed to the stress increase were NP, AC, ‘you positive’, ‘i negative’ and personality trait that contributes to stress reduction is ‘you negative.’ Therefore, we can judge that individual personality traits have significant effects on stress level, stressor, and coping style and need to find the effective stress management method suitable for individual personality traits using counseling, repetition training, self-suggestion etc.

The objective of this study is to apply performance-based seismic design to high-rise apartment buildings in Korean considering collapse prevention level. The possible issues during its application were studied and the suggestions were made based on the findings from the performance-based seismic design of a building with typical residential multi-unit layout. The lateral-force-resisting system of the building is ordinary shear walls system with a code exception of height limit. In order to allow the exception, the serviceability and the stability of the ordinary shear wall structure need to be evaluated to confirm that it has the equivalent performance as the one designed under the Korean Building Code 2009. The structure was evaluated whether it satisfied its performance objectives to withstand Service Level and Maximum Considered Earthquake.

땅콩나물의 재배에 적합한 온도와 품종, 그리고 최적 레스베라트롤 생산을 위한 생육단계를 구명하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 땅콩나물용 적정품종을 선발하고자 8 가지 국내외 육성품종의 외형적 특징, 발아율, 발아세, 유묘활력을 조사하였다. 그 결과 소비자의 요구를 반영 하여 세근 발생량이 낮고 하배축이 굵은 ‘조평’이 가장 적절하였고, 땅콩나물 재배에 적합한 온도는 27oC로 판단되었다. 레스베라트롤 함량이 높은 땅콩나물의 적정 생육시기를 구명하고자 치상 후 생육조사와 동시에 HPLC를 이용한 레스베라트롤 함량을 조사한 결과 레스 베라트롤은 치상 후 9일차에 17.0μg/g 이상의 높은 함유량을 나타내었다. 따라서 땅콩나물은 생산적 측면과 레스베라트롤의 함량을 고려했을 때 치상 후 9일차에 땅 콩나물을 수확하는 것이 가장 적합할 것으로 판단된다.

Since Korean ancient times, powder of Rosa rugosa Thunberg has been used as a folk remedy. This study was conducted to verify the effects of Rosa rugosa Thunberg powder on in vitro antioxidant properties and serum lipid levels of high-fat diet-induced mice from a nutritional viewpoint. In the case of Rosa rugosa Thunberg powders, measurement of TPC, ABTS radical scavenging activity of trolox, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and measured value of FRAP were higher in ethanol extract than water extracts. For LDL-cholesterol concentration, mice fed 10% powder of Rosa rugosa Thunberg with high-fat diets showed a high numerical value compared with other groups (p<0.05). When testing for triglyceride concentrations in blood, mice fed 10% and 20% powder of Rosa rugosa Thunberg with high-fat diets showed the lowest numerical values (p<0.05). When testing for blood insulin concentrations, the high-fat diet group showed higher levels than compared to the control group (p<0.05). When testing for blood leptin concentrations, the high-fat diet group was 5.88±3.53 ng/dL, whereas mice fed 10% powder of Rosa rugosa Thunberg with high-fat diets showed a blood leptin level of 10.36±5.96 ng/dL (p<0.05). Therefore, results prove that powder of Rosa rugosa Thunberg reduces triglyceride concentrations in the blood, and could be used as an excellent natural antioxidant in the future.

Lipoxygenase(LOX) 결여 콩으로 제조한 두부의 급이가 5주간의 고지방-콜레스테롤 식이성 흰쥐에서 간 조직과 분변 지질 함량 및 생체 내 항산화계에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 실험군은 정상군, 고지방-콜레스테롤 급이군(HFC), 고지방-콜레스테롤 식이+두부 급이군(태광 두부 급이군, HFC-T1; 개척#1 두부 급이군, HFC-T2; 진양 두부 급이군, HFC-T3)으로 구분하였다. 두부의 콜레스테롤 흡착활성은 개척#1 두부가 타 시료에 비해 유의적으로 높았다. 두부 급이군의 비만지수는 대조군에 비해 통계적인 유의차는 없었으나, 개척#1 두부 급이군(HFC-T2)의 비만지수가 가장 낮았다. 간 조직의 총 지질 함량은 정상군에 비해 대조군이 5.9배 증가되었으며, 개척#1 두부 급이군(HFC-T2)은 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 감소되었다. 대조군에 비해 중성지방 함량은 개척#1, 진양 두부 급이군에서 유의적으로 낮았으며, 총 콜레스테롤 함량은 두부 급이군에서 모두 유의적으로 감소되었다. 두부 급이군의 분변 중 총 지질 함량은 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 증가되었으나, 두부의 종류에 따른 유의차는 없었다. 중성지방 함량은 개척#1 두부 급이군에서 가장 많았고, 총 콜레스테롤의 배출량은 대조군에 비해 두부 급이군에서 다소 증가되었으나, 통계적인 유의차는 없었다. 지질과산화물 함량은 대조군에 비해 HFC-T2 및 HFC-T3군에서 유의적으로 감소되었다. DPPH 라디칼 소거활성은 HFC-T2군에서 정상군과 유사한 수준까지 상승하였다. 간 조직에서 SOD 활성은 대조군에 비해 두부 급이군에서 1.4~2.2배 증가되었으며, HFC-T3군에서 활성이 가장 높았다. Catalase, GSH-Px 및 UDPGT 활성은 개척#1 두부 급이군에서 유의적으로 높았다. LOX 결여 콩으로 제조한 두부의 섭취는 고지방-콜레스테롤 식이에 대해 체내 지질 수준 저하 및 항산화 활성에 긍정적인 효과를 가질 것으로 생각된다.

Algal problem in drinking water treatment is being gradually increased by causing deterioration of water supplies therefore, especially taste and odor compounds such as geosmin and 2-MIB occur mainly aesthetic problem by its unpleasant effects resulting in the subsequent onset of complaints from drinking water consumer. Recently, geosmin and 2-MIB are detected frequently at abnormally high concentration level. However, conventional water treatment without advanced water treatment processes such as adsorption and oxidation process, cannot remove these two compounds efficiently. Moreover, it is known that the advanced treatment processes i.e. adsorption and oxidation have also several limits to the removal of geosmin and 2-MIB. Therefore, the purpose of this study was not only to evaluate full scale nanofiltration membrane system with 300 m3/ day of permeate capacity and 90% of recovery on the removal of geosmin and 2-MIB in spiked natural raw water sources at high feed concentration with a range of approximately 500 to 2,500 ng/L, but also to observe rejection property of the compounds within multi stage NF membrane system. Rejection rate of geosmin and 2-MIB by NF membrane process was 96% that is 4% of passage regardless of the feed water concentration which indicates NF membrane system with an operational values suggested in this research can be employed in drinking water treatment plant to control geosmin and 2-MIB of high concentration. But, according to results of regression analysis in this study it is recommended that feed water concentration of geosmin and 2-MIB would not exceed 220 and 300 ng/L respectively which is not to be perceived in drinking tap water. Also it suggests that the removal rate might be depended on an operating conditions such as feed water characteristics and membrane flux. When each stage of NF membrane system was evaluated relatively higher removal rate was observed at the conditions that is lower flux, higher DOC and TDS, i.e., 2nd stage NF membrane systems, possibly due to an interaction mechanisms between compounds and cake layer on the membrane surfaces.

The objective of this paper is to explain how the organizational learning concept is used to promote group work, information sharing and an open and transparent communication style in order to produce a high level of customer service. The work incorporates an extensive literature review and a number of propositions. Previously collected data from a set of in-depth personal interviews undertaken with senior managers in a Korean electronics company were reanalyzed and reinterpreted using the grounded theory approach. This allowed insights to be provided into how, in a collectivist culture, information sharing is reinforced by the organizational learning concept. The research findings show that managers in a chaebol use organizational learning to identify skilled and knowledgeable staff, and to improve the organization’s capability by placing emphasis on developing harmonious, mutually oriented relationships that permeate throughout the organization. In addition, top management demand that staff identify with government economic objectives and align the organization’s strategy accordingly so that the products produced are marketable. By ensuring that management procedures, processes and systems evolve naturally, change is managed in an incremental and pro-active manner.

동물플랑크톤의 서식 형태에 따른 구분(부착 및 부유 성)과 월별 밀도 양상을 파악하기 위해 2011년 5월부터 10월까지 수생식물이 발달된 환경에서 동물플랑크톤 채 집을 수행하였다. 조사 기간 동안, 부착성 동물플랑크톤 은 총 24종, 부유성 동물플랑크톤은 총 30종으로 나타났 으며, 이 중 두 서식 형태 간에 일치하는 종은 20종으로 확인되었다. 부착성 동물플랑크톤은 5~7월 동안 높은밀도를 나타낸 반면, 부유성 동물플랑크톤은 9~10월 동 안 높은 밀도를 보여 상이한 계절적 차이를 보였다. 안정 동위원소 분석 결과, 부착 및 부유입자 유기물, 동물플랑 크톤, 어류의 δ13C와 δ15N 값은 계절별로 상이하였다. 부 착성 동물플랑크톤은 봄, 가을 모두 부착입자 유기물에 대한 높은 의존도를 보였으나, 가을에는 부유입자 유기물 에 대해서는 일부 의존하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 수생 식물의 우점 등으로 인한 먹이질의 감소와 연관되어 있 을 것으로 사료된다. 그러나 부유성 동물플랑크톤은 봄과 가을 모두 부유입자 유기물에 대해서만 의존하는 것으로 나타났다. L. macrochirus는 크기에 따라 먹이원에 대한 다른 섭식 양상을 보였는데, 부착성 동물플랑크톤이 증가 된 시기(봄)에 1~3 cm 크기의 L. macrochirus는 부착성 동물플랑크톤에 대한 높은 의존도를 보였으나, 가을에 부 착성 동물플랑크톤 감소하자 부유성 동물플랑크톤에 대 한 의존도가 높아지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 4~7 cm 크기의 L. macrochirus는 상대적으로 큰 먹이원인 부유 성 동물플랑크톤에 높은 의존도를 보였으며, 가을에 부유 성 동물플랑크톤 밀도가 증가하자 매우 높게 의존하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 습지와 같이 수생식물이 우 점되는 생태계에서 동물플랑크톤은 다양한 서식 형태(부 착 및 부유성)를 가진 군집이 출현하는 것으로 파악되었 으며, 이들은 각각 다른 먹이원에 대해 의존하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 상위포식자인 L. macrochirus 또한 부착 및 부유성 동물플랑크톤의 계절별 밀도 양상에 따라 상 이한 의존성을 보였으며, 특히 부착성 동물플랑크톤은 봄 철 치어 성장 시기의 이들의 성장 및 발달에 매우 중요 한 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다.

This paper aims to examine the differential degree of the task difficulty presented in high school English activity books. To achive the aim, the researchers analyzed tasks for three levels(high, intermediate, and low) in five English activity books currently published based on the revised 7th National Curriculum for high school freshmen. The criteria utilized for grading task difficulty are modified from Ellis(2003a, 2003b) which were developed to account for task complexity in terms of input, conditions, processes and outcomes. The results revealed that in general, the tasks of the activity books were organized in the sequential order of difficulty from low, imtermediate to high proficiency, but the difference of task difficulty across the three proficiency levels was not significant. It was also discovered that among three main factors determining task difficulty, task condition, task process, and task outcomes, task process and required task outcomes were more frequently adopted to di fferentiate the task difficulty level. In addition, there was lack of communicative tasks integrating four language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) in all the five activity books. Further study suggesiotns and limitations are followed.

The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has three major structural proteins which designated as GP4, GP5, and M. They have been considered very important to arouse the humoral and cellular immune responses against PRRSV infection and proposed to be the excellent candidate proteins in the design of PRRS bioengineering vaccine. However, the PRRSV structural proteins are produced in low levels in the infected cells because it forms insoluble protein and possesses several transmembrane regions. To overcome this problem, we fused the GP4, GP5, and M with SUMO (Small ubiquitin-related modifier), and expressed the fused gene in Bm5 cells and silkworm larvae. Expression of the proteins were analyzed by 12% SDS-PAGE and western blotting using 6xHis tag and porcine anti-PRRSV antibodies. In results, SUMO fused proteins were expressed at a high level in Bm5 cells. The levels of protein using the silkworm larvae is higher than that using Bm5 cells. The fused protein was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. This study demonstrated that SUMO, when fused with PRRSV structural proteins, was able to promote its soluble expression. This may be a better method to produce PRRSV structural proteins for vaccine development.

The purpose of this study was to investigate nutritional knowledge, practice of eating behavior guidelines, and problematic dietary habits in working high school students in comparison with non-working high school students. A survey questionnaire was formulated to obtain information on demographic variables, body size, part-time jobs, nutritional knowledge, practice of eating behavior guidelines, and dietary habits. The developed questionnaire was given out to 515 students attending a vocational high school in Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do. Those who had been working 5 hours or more per day for at least a month at the time of survey administration were defined as working students for this study. Proportions of working students were similar between male and female students (i.e. 49.5% for male, 50.5% for female). No significant difference was found in scores of nutritional knowledge between working (8.43±2.29) and non-working students (8.60±2.19). However, some dietary habits were found to be dependent on working status. While approximately 43% of non-working students reported skipping a meal, about 57% of working students did so (p〈0.01). The proportion of students with any drinking experience was significantly higher among working students (92%) compared to non-working students (80%) (p〈0.001). Working students were found to drink alcoholic beverages more often than non-working students (p〈0.001). The mean score of practice of eating behavior guidelines was lower in working students than non-working students. The magnitude of this difference was modest (51.33±0.63 in working students, 53.40±0.51 in non-working students), but reached statistical significance (p〈0.01). Based on the findings from this study, it is suggested that specific behavior-oriented messages to improve certain problematic dietary habits need to be directed toward working high school students.