The influence of different roasting temperatures, times and extraction methods on the quality characteristics of Omija (Schizandra chinensis) seed oils was investigated. Roasted Omija seeds were divided into five groups based on roasting temperature-time conditions: no roasting (Raw) and roasting [R11: 150℃, 10 min, R12: 150℃, 20 min, R21: 250℃, 10 min, R22: 250℃, 20 min (R22)]. Oils from each of the raw and roasted Omija seeds were obtained by solvent (n-hexane) and press (machine) extraction. The L* values decreased, but the a* and b* values increased with increasing the roasting temperature and time. The L* values were lower in the press-extracted oils than in the solvent-extracted oils. The peroxide value (POV) of Omija seed oils decreased with increasing the roasting temperature-time values. The POV value was higher in the press-extracted oils than in the solvent-extracted oils. ABTS (2, 2＇-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) radical inhibition of Omija seed oils was higher in the solvent-extracted oils than in the press-extracted oils, but there were no significant differences between the two oils. The four major kinds of fatty acid methyl esters detected in Omija seed oils were methyl butyrate, methyl hexanoate, methyl arachidate, and methyl eicosanoate. In conclusion, Omija seed oils obtained by solvent extraction and at higher roasting temperature-time values were more effective antioxidants.

Background : Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans are secondary metabolites present abundantly in the fruits belonging to the genus Schisandra. According to previous studies, Schisandra lignans exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-diabetic properties, as well as an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation. Therefore, establishing the Korean “Omija” (Schisandra chinensis) as a lignanrich source, in addition to identifying and quantifying the lignans, is extremely valuable. Methods and Results : Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans were analyzed with liquid chromatography using diode array detection/ mass spectrometry, from methanol extracts subsequently identified by a constructed chemical library of 50 lignans. A total of 27 components of lignan including gomisin S were identified, of which schisandrin, gomisin A, gomisin N, deoxyschisandrin, γ- schisandrin, and schisandrin C were identified as the major components in the Korean Omija, Schisandra chinensis. These compounds were divided into two groups, S-biphenyl and R-biphenyl based on the configurations of the stereoisomers structures with contents of 661.7 and 1350.1㎎ per 100 g dry weight, respectively. The total lignan content averaged 2011.4㎎ per 100 g dry weight, of which schisandrin and gomisin N comprised the majority (771.8 and 420.5㎎ per 100 g dry weight respectively). Conclusions : Lignans which are present in high quantities in the ripe fruit of Schisandra chinensis are important functional compounds that play a major role in the prevention and treatment of human diseases.

본 연구에서는 건조방법(열풍건조, 원적외선건조, 진공동결건조)을 달리한 오미자의 품질 특성 및 항산화 효과를 비교 검토하여 고품질의 건조 오미자를 얻기 위한 기초자료를 제시하고자 하였다. 수분 함량 및 수분활성도(Aw)는 열풍건조 > 원적외선건조 > 진공동결건조 순으로 나타났다. pH는 건조방법에 따른 차이는 없었고, 당도는 6.60°Brix로 진공동결건조 오미자가 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 탁도는 열풍건조 8.24 T%, 원적외선건조 0.32 T%, 진공동결건조 71.85 T%를 나타내었으며, 색도 L, a, b는 진공동결건조가 다른 건조방법에 비해 높게 나타났다. 유리당 함량은 glucose > fructose > sucrose 순으로 나타내었고, 총 유리당 함량은 진공동결건조 오미자가 5.01 g/100 g으로 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 항산화 활성에서 DPPH radical 소거능, ABTS radical 소거능에서는 각각 진공동결건조 오미자가 88.68%, 93.85%로 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 반면 아질산염 소거능은 원적외선건조 오미자가 90.04%로 가장 높은 값을 나타내었고, 열풍건조 오미자는 88.78%, 진공동결건조 오미자가 82.58%의 순으로 활성을 나타내었다. 총페놀, 총 플라보노이드, 총 탄닌 함량에서 진공동결건조 오미자가 1633.70 mg/100 g, 351.35 mg/100 g, 514.04 mg/100 g으로 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과에서 건조방법은 오미자의 품질특성 및 항산화 효과에 유의적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으며, 진공동결건조 오미자는 다른 건조방법에 비해 높은 품질 특성과 항산화 효과를 나타내었다.

오미자의 위생과 저장성에 관여하는 미생물(총 호기성 세균, 효모 및 곰팡이균)의 저감을 위해서 세척수 종류(물, ClO2, H2O2) 및 농도별 이산화염소수(ClO2 10 ppm, ClO2 15 ppm, ClO2 20 ppm, ClO2 25 ppm, ClO2 30 ppm)처리에 따른 세척시간(30~90초) 및 세척배수(×1~×4)을 달리 처리 하여 오미자 표면에 존재하는 총 호기성 세균수, 효모 및 곰팡이균수를 측정하였다. 오미자의 세척수 종류에 따른 미생물 균수 측정 결과, 세척하지 않은 구(control) 및 물세 척 처리구보다 이산화염소수 처리구 및 과산화수고 처리구 가 총세균, 효모 및 곰팡이 균수가 감소하였음을 확인하였 다. 이산화염소(ClO2)수를 이용한 오미자의 세척시간에 따 른 미생물 균수 측정 결과 총 세균과 효모 및 곰팡이는 이산화염소 농도 30 ppm 에서는 30초, 15 ppm에서는 60초, 10 ppm에서는 90초 처리시 검출되지 않았다. 또한 세척 배수에 따른 미생물 사멸 효과는 이산화염소 농도 30 ppm 에서는 ×1, 20 ppm에서는 ×2, 15 ppm에서는 ×4로 처리시 총 세균과 효모 및 곰팡이가 측정되지 않았다. 이런 결과로 미루어 보아 이산화염소수 처리구는 이산화염소수의 농도 가 증가하고 세척 배수가 증가함에 따라 미생물 저감화 효과를 확인할 수 있었다.

Omija (Schizandra chinensis B.) slices were dehydrated with 20, 40, and 60% (w/w) red algae extract (RAE), and 40% of RAE was selected as the proper processing concentration considering the dehydration efficiency and cost of the dehydrating agent. The RAE-treated omija samples were compared with the hot-air dried samples in terms of the qualities such as the rehydration capacity and total phenolic contents. The rehydration ratios of the RAE-treated samples were greater than those of the hot-air dried samples by 31%. The total phenolic contents of the RAE-treated samples (1304.8 mg GAE/100 g) were higher than those of the hot-air dried samples (999.5 mg GAE/100 g). Therefore, omija slices can be dehydrated with RAE without quality loss.

We investigated antioxidant activity and lignan contents by harvesting times to expand use of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baillon. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of seed was higher than those of flesh but there is not much difference in harvesting times. As RC50 value, that was, the concentration of sample required for 50% reduction of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, was 13.7~24.2 μg/ml in seed thus it showed a high antioxidant activity. Among lignan components, schizandrin content was the highest and followed by gomisin N and gomisin A in all of flesh and seed. Also these components in seed were 4~9 times more contained than those of flesh. All of them were decreased by harvesting times in flesh. But the contents of schizandrin and gomisin N were high in August 3rd and September 15th in seed, respectively. As the results, the seed of S. chinensis had high antioxidant activity and lignan contents so it could be potentially developed as a resource.

The purpose of this research is to develop bellflower (Platycodon grandiforum) root Jeonggwa as a health food. The Omija (Schizandra chinensis Baillon) water extract with 0-8% (w/w) Jeonggwa added was stored at for 12 weeks. The quality characteristics of Jeonggwa during storage were investigated. The Jeonggwa showed a lower pH and a higher acdity as the amount of Omija water extract that was added increased. The moisture content of Jeonggwa were rose from 15-18% to 16-22% within 2 weeks of storage, and remained at that level up to the end of storage. The total viable cells of bellflower root Jeonggwa were 2.1~2.3 log CFU/g and increased in number during storage but never exceeded 4 log CFU/g. The shelf life of the Jeonggwa was extended when the Omija extract was added. The lightness (L), redness (a) and yellowness (b) of the Jeonggwa during its storage at were highest in control samples, and the values decreased with the increase in the Omija extract concentration (p. The hardness and strength of the Jeonggwa significantly decreased as the Omija extract concentration rose (p

The use of cellulolytic lactic acid bacteria in new method to prepare high nutrition complementary foods was investigated. For the screening of cellulolytic lactic acid bacteria, more than 1,150 bacterial colony were isolated from diluted infant feces samples. A typical strain which appeared the most excellent cellulolytic activities was identified novel acidophilic Enterococcus sp. TO-94 through the results of morphological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic characteristics and 16S rDNA sequencing. The optimal lactic acid fermentation conditions of Omija(Schizandra chinensis Baillon) by Enterococcus sp. TO-94 were as follows: pH and temperature were 3.0 and 37℃, respectively, and fermentation time was 20hrs. The fructose and glucose were major free sugar and the contents were 5.83 and 4.30 mg/g after fermentation, respectively. The contents of lactic acid and acetic acid were 9.84 mg/g and 2.08 mg/g after fermentation, respectively. The vitamin B1, B2, niacin, folic acid and C were major vitamin in the fermented broth, the contents were 1.5~3 times higher than those of initial fermentation time. Also, the contents of polyphenol and anthocyanine were 3.8 and 1.2 times higher than those of initial fermentation time.

다양한 건강 기능성을 가진 오미자 추출물을 첨가하여 맛과 색상이 우수한 정과를 개발할 목적으로 연근 정과를 제조한 후 에 12주간 저장하면서 종합적인 품질특성 변화를 조사하였다. 연근 정과의 pH와 산도는 오미자 첨가량이 많을수록 pH가 낮고 산도가 높았다. 저장초기의 수분함량은 약 8%였으며, 저장 2주까지 수분함량이 14-17%까지 증가한 후, 저장말기까지 큰 변화가 없었으며 대조군은 오미자 첨가구보다 수분함량이 낮았다. 연근 정과의 총균수는

The purpose of this research is to develop bellflower (Platycodon grandiflorum) root and lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) root Jeonggwa as a health food. The quality characteristics of Jeonggwa to which 0-8% (w/w) of Omija (Schizandra chinensis Baillon) water extract was added were investigated. The moisture contents of bellflower root Jeonggwa were 14.9-18.0%, where as that of lotus root Jeonggwa was 6.9-8.4%. The acidity of bellflower root Jeonggwa was 0.477-0.585% and that of lotus root Jeonggwa was 0.513-0.572%; values increasing levels of Omija extract. The lightness (L) and yellowness (b) values of bellflower root Jeonggwa decreased with increasing amounts of Omija extract, and the lightness (L), redness (a) and yellowness (b) values of lotus root Jeonggwa decreased with increasing Omija extract concentration (p

본 연구의 목적은 천연 보존료나 기능성 식품을 개발하기 위하여 오미자를 물과 70% 에탄올로 추출한 후, 추출물의 폴리페놀 함량, 생리활성(항균활성, 항산화능, 혈전용해능)을 측정하였다. 오미자의 물과 에탄올 추출물의 폴리페놀 함량은 각각 511.5, 696.6 mg/100 g이었다. 오미자의 물추출물과 에탄올추출물은 식중독세균인 L. monocytogenes와 S. aureus에 대하여 우수한 항균활성을 나타내었다. 물추출물과 에탄올추출물 1,

오미자를 이용하여 음료 제조를 하기 위한 오미자 추출의 최적조건을 알아보기 위하여 반응 표면 분석을 이용하였다. 각각의 반응표면분석 결과 고형분은 25배 이상의 용매비, 이상 온도, 시간, 총산은 25배 이상의 용매비, 의 온도, 시간, 페놀성 화합물은 25배의 용매비, 의 온도, 시간, 환원당은 25배 이상의 용매비, 이상의 온도, 시간, 비타민 C는 25배 이상의 용매비, 의 추출 온도와 시간의 추출조건에서 최적의 추출조건을 나타내었고,

건조오미자의 장기안전 저장조건을 구명하고자 실내, 창고, 저온저장고 등 저장장소 및 0.05mm P.E, 0.05mm 흑색 P.E, 0.05mm P.E + P.P sack, gauze bag 등 포장재료별 저장기간에 따른 건조오미자의 수분함량, 곰팡이 및 충피해 정도, 안토시아닌색소 함량 및 색도 등의 품질변화를 조사하였다. 수분함량은 P.E필름 밀봉저장시 저장 장소별 차이는 적었으나 양파망 저장시는 저장기간이 경과할수록 뚜렷하게 증가하였다. 곰

천일건조, 열풍건조, 동결건조한 건오미자의 품질과 저장온도별 성분변화 및 생오미자의 저장수명을 검토한 결과 다음과 같다. 건오미자의 pH와 산도는 건조방법에 따라 큰 차이가 없었으나 환원당은 열풍건조(11.02%)와 동결건조(10.12%)에 비해 천일건조(3.77%)에서 월등히 낮았고 조단백질함량은 동결건조ㆍ열풍건조ㆍ천일건조 순으로 나타났으며 흡광도(520nm)와 a값은 천일건조와 열풍건조에 비해 동결건조시(3.889) 2.4-2.7배와 3배가

For the quantitiative determination of chemical and taste components in black omija(Schizandra nigra Max) and omija(S.chinensis), compositions of free sugars, free amino acids, total amino acids, and minerals were analyzed. Among the total free sugars in black omija and omija, glucose and frutose were major free sugars and sucrose was little amount. The most abundant free amino acid in black imija was histidine and that in imija was serine. The major free amino acid in black omija and omija were histidine, serine, glutamic acid and aspartic acid. The major total amino acids in black omija and omija were glutamic acid, arginine , leucine and histidine. The limiting amino acid of each omija was S-containing amino acids. The abuntdant minerals in black omija and omija were K and Ca.