This study investigates the seismic performance of beam-column connections using Thin-Walled Steel Composite (TSC) beams and Prestressed Reinforced Concrete (PSRC) columns. TSC beams are constructed from U-shaped thin steel plates that are filled with concrete, allowing for composite action with slabs through the use of shear connectors. They are widely applied in industrial buildings due to excellent strength, stiffness, and constructability. However, slender web plates are prone to local buckling, which may compromise their performance during seismic events. To mitigate this issue, internal supports have been introduced to enhance web stability and concrete confinement. Cyclic loading tests on three specimens—with and without internal supports—demonstrated that the supports increased moment capacity, improved energy dissipation, and effectively reduced buckling. Even slender sections demonstrated performance comparable to that of compact sections. All specimens reached peak strength at a 2.44% rotation angle, with damage localized near the supports. A practical connection detail was also proposed, taking into account constructability and structural reliability. The results provide valuable guidance for the seismic design of composite systems in large-scale structures.

고온 고분자 전해질막 연료전지(high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, HT-PEMFC)는 CO 내 성이 높고 물 관리가 용이하다는 장점이 있다. 그러나 높은 온도에서의 작동으로 막의 손상이 쉬우며, 이로 인한 재구매 비용 을 결코 무시할 수 없어 반복 실험에 제약이 따른다는 단점이 있다. 이런 단점을 해결하기 위해, 여러 물리적 현상 간 상호작 용을 정밀하게 계산할 수 있는 전산유체역학(computational fluid dynamics, CFD)을 이용하여 실제 셀의 성능을 예측하는 연 구에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 하지만, HT-PEMFC를 비롯한 여러 연료전지 모델을 모사하는 논문에서는 다차원 모델에 대한 분석이 많이 보고되지 않아 어떤 모델이 실제와 적합한지 알기 힘들다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 CFD를 활용하여 Butler –Volmer 방정식에 지배받는 1D와 2D HT-PEMFC 모델을 제작하였으며, 전해질막 전도도에 따른 성능을 분석하였다. 이를 통해, 다차원 모델 각각의 특징과 한계를 알아보고자 하였다.

연속식 전기탈이온(continuous electrodeionization, CEDI)은 고순도수(high purity water, HPW)를 제조하기 위한 핵심적인 수처리 기술이다. 본 연구에서는 CEDI 성능 향상을 위해 이온교환수지 층의 구성과 이온교환막의 특성이 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 먼저, 다양한 이온교환수지 층 구성(mixed-bed, layered-bed, separated-bed)을 비교한 결과, mixed-bed 구 조가 가장 높은 염 제거율과 낮은 에너지 소비를 나타내었다. 이어서 이온교환수지 조성의 영향을 평가하기 위해 chromatography 수지와 gel 수지의 부피비율(C:G) 및 음이온/양이온 수지 비율(A:C)을 조절한 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과, C:G = 25:75 및 A:C = 5:5 조건에서 가장 우수한 탈염 성능을 나타냈으며, 이는 적절한 공극 구조와 이온교환기 함량 간 균형을 통 해 물 분해 반응 및 이온 전달이 최적화된 결과로 해석된다. 또한, 두 종류의 상용 불균질 이온교환막(Lanxess 막과 금화정수 막)을 비교한 결과, 금화정수 막이 Lanxess 막보다 더 높은 이온전도도, 이온교환용량, 투과선택성을 나타내었고, 이에 따라 더 높은 탈염 효율과 낮은 에너지 소비를 나타내었다. 본 연구의 결과는 고효율 CEDI 시스템 설계를 위한 이온교환수지 층 조성 및 멤브레인 특성의 최적화 방향을 보여준다.

Existing reinforced concrete building structures have seismically-deficient details on columns and beam–column joints; therefore, accurate modeling of structural behavior is required for reliable seismic performance assessment. This study aims to investigate the differences in dynamic responses resulting from modeling variations through developing four distinct numerical models. Separate models were established to simulate flexural and shear failures of columns and beam–column joints. Using these component-level models, a structural analysis model of the target building was constructed, and nonlinear time-history analyses were performed to evaluate seismic performance. Based on the simulated dynamic behavior of the target building, soft-story mechanisms were identified, and it was identified and confirmed that column behavior plays a dominant role in governing the overall structural response.

Enhancing the energy storage capabilities of supercapacitors (SCs) while preserving their electrochemical performance is crucial for their widespread application. Our research focuses on developing Sb-modified tin oxide (ATO) nanoparticles via a scalable hydrothermal process, offering substantial potential in this domain. The tetragonal nanoparticle structure provides abundant active sites and a highly porous pathway, facilitating rapid and efficient energy storage. Additionally, tin's varied oxidation states significantly enhance redox capacitance. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate ATO's promise as an advanced SC electrode, achieving a peak specific capacitance of 332 F/g at 3 mA/cm2, with robust redox capacitance confirmed through kinetic analysis. Moreover, the ATO electrode exhibits exceptional capacitance retention over 2000 cycles. This study establishes ATO as a leading candidate for future energy storage applications, underscoring its pivotal role in advancing energy storage technologies.

The development of digital media has fundamentally transformed modes of visual expression and mechanisms of emotional communication, redefining the identity and performative function of fashion illustration, particularly within short-form content. This study thus aims to analyze the emotional performance strategies used in short-form video fashion illustration content and to interpret these strategies through an integrated framework combining performative image and emotional design theories. As a methodology, five actively operating English-language YouTube channels were selected, each recognized for producing fashion illustration content in short-form videos and holding a subscriber base of over 50,000. The study conducted a qualitative analysis of short-form videos from these channels, examining how they engage viewers emotionally across Norman’s three levels: visceral, behavioral, and reflective. The results revealed that short-form video fashion illustration content employs multi-layered emotional strategies: immediate aesthetic stimulation through visceral visual impact, behavioral immersion via sharing of the drawing process, and reflective meaning-making through storytelling and socio-cultural messages. Notably, these strategies extend beyond the mere display of images, positioning the illustration as an active agent that performs and elicits sensory, emotional, and social engagement from audiences. The study concludes that the convergence of performative image theory and emotional design offers a comprehensive lens to decode how fashion illustration short-form videos function both as visual art and as performative acts. These findings contribute theoretical and practical insights for future digital fashion content creation and research in the visual arts, highlighting how emotional experiences are strategically constructed in contemporary digital media contexts.

Background: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a prevalent condition among Taekwondo athletes, often associated with pain, psychological factors, and impaired physical performance. However, few studies have investigated the relationship among ankle muscle strength, pain, kinesiophobia, and physical performance in Taekwondo athletes with CAI. Objects: This study aimed to examine the relationship between ankle muscle strength, pain, kinesiophobia, and physical performance in Taekwondo athletes with CAI. Methods: Forty Taekwondo athletes with CAI participated in the study. Pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and kinesiophobia was measured with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia-11 (TSK-11). Physical performance was evaluated using the single-leg vertical jump (SLVJ) and single-leg hop for distance. The strength of the ankle muscles is measured using a Smart KEMA strength sensor. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated to determine relationships among variables. Results: SLVJ showed a significant negative correlation with VAS (r = –0.506, p < 0.01) and a positive correlation with strength of the ankle inversion with dorsiflexion (IDF) (r = 0.356, p < 0.05). VAS was negatively correlated with strength of the ankle eversion with plantarflexion (r = –0.365, p < 0.05), IDF (r = –0.371, p < 0.05) and inversion with plantarflexion (r = –0.370, p < 0.05). No significant correlations were found between TSK-11 and physical performance, pain, or ankle muscle strength outcomes. Conclusion: Pain intensity and ankle muscle strength in specific ankle positions are associated with SLVJ in Taekwondo athletes with CAI. These findings suggest that the intensity of pain and the strength of the ankle evertor and invertor at specific ankle joint positions should be considered when evaluating Taekwondo athletes with CAI. Furthermore, managing pain and implementing strengthening exercises for the ankle evertor and invertor can be recommended to improve SLVJ.

본 연구는 노인환자를 돌보는 요양병원이라는 특수한 환경에서 정서 적, 윤리적 요인이 간호업무수행에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 요양병원 간호사의 공감역량과 윤리적민감성, 환자중심간호, 간호업무수행 간의 구 조적 관계를 파악하고, 간호업무수행 향상을 위한 이론적, 실무적 기초자 료를 제공하기 위해 수행되었다. 연구대상은 국내 요양병원간호사 230명 을 편의표집 하였으며, 연구결과로 모형 적합도는 χ²/df=165.517, CFI=.945, TLI=.928, RMSEA=.092로 양호하였으며, 공감역량은 윤리적민 감성(β=.478, p<.001)과 환자중심간호(β=.716, p <.001)에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤으며, 간호업무수행(β=.431, p <.001)에는 간접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 윤리적민감성은 간호업무수행(β=.188, p <.001)에, 환자 중심간호는 간호업무수행에 매개요인으로 작용하였다(β=.477, p <.001). 간호업무수행 향상과 환자중심간호를 실천하기 위한 간호인력 배치 기준 을 재정비하고, 다학제 팀의료 상호 협업 중심의 전인적인 돌봄 지원 체 계를 구축하는 것을 제시한다.

This study examines the impact of Propeller blade pitch angle mismatch on Noise, thrust, and vibration in light aircraft. Tests were conducted using a simulator with one blade set at increased pitch angles (10°, 12°, 14°) compared to the standard 8°. Results showed that mismatches increased vibration (above 0.26 IPS), Noise levels, and caused operational issues such as fuel leakage and backfire. While thrust initially increased with pitch, it dropped at 14° due to fuel flow instability. These results highlight the need for strict pitch alignment tolerances to ensure optimal performance and safety in aircraft maintenance and operation.

Aircraft Noise is a sound that humans do not want. In this study, based on the Rotax 914 engine used in Korea, the Propeller blade angle was changed by 1 degree for the 3-leaf “K company” Propeller and the 3-leaf “G” wooden Propeller, and the engine RPM was changed to examine the Noise and thrust changes. The purpose of this study is to check whether Noise and thrust loss are the least at the engine's maximum RPM, and to propose an aircraft operation plan in the noisy aerodrome area based on the values. This research further seeks to identify optimal propeller configurations that balance acoustic performance and thrust efficiency. The results are expected to aid in formulating guidelines for quieter flight operations near populated areas.

This study was carried out in a cold storage chamber with a floor space of roughly 3.3 square meters (1 pyeong). The findings revealed that the hybrid cooling system consumed a comparable amount of electricity to that of the conventional vapor compression system. This similarity in power usage can be attributed to the hybrid system’s operational strategy: thermoelectric modules were selectively activated during periods of frost accumulation, effectively minimizing the energy typically used for electric defrosting in vapor compression units. To advance the commercialization of this hybrid system in cold storage applications, several technical improvements must be considered in addition to cost optimization. First, the design should address the bulky nature of the heat exchanger setup. At present, the vapor compression and thermoelectric modules are housed in separate outdoor units; a more efficient approach would involve integrating them into a single, space-saving unit. Second, incorporating a water mist spray mechanism for the outdoor heat exchanger coil could enhance heat dissipation. This method, which leverages latent heat exchange, has demonstrated strong performance in other applications and merits further investigation for use in the proposed system.

Current portable reference equipment used to evaluate the performance of vehicle detectors can collect traffic volume and speed only for the outermost lanes in each direction. Passing vehicles on the other lanes are manually counted by reviewing the recorded videos. Consequently, only traffic volume—without vehicle speed—is used as a reference value. This method is time-consuming for comparing the performance data from the equipment with the reference data and can compromise the performance evaluation. This study aims to enhance the efficiency of vehicle detection system (VDS) performance evaluations by developing multilane portable reference equipment that can accurately collect traffic information for lanes beyond the outermost lane or for more than two lanes. This study introduced the core technologies of multilane portable reference equipment and compared and analyzed the measurement accuracy of the developed equipment against data from fixed reference equipment operated by the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Certification and Performance Evaluation Center, following ITS performance evaluation criteria. The data from the fixed reference equipment were considered the true values, providing a basis for evaluating the accuracy of the measurements by the developed equipment. First, the accuracy of the vehicle length was determined by driving four test vehicles, each measuring 7,085 mm in length, 24–29 times in each lane. The accuracy was calculated by comparing the vehicle length data obtained from the fixed reference equipment with the actual vehicle length. A confidence interval was established for this accuracy. To assess the accuracy of the speed and occupancy time in relation to the accuracy of the analyzed vehicle length, we evaluated the error range of the vehicle length according to variations in speed and occupancy time. This analysis was based on the following relationship equation: “vehicle length = speed × occupied time – sensor spacing.” The analysis used data from approximately 16,000 vehicles, including the speed, occupancy time, and vehicle length, collected between 8:00 am and 12:00 pm on August 8, 2024. The principle behind measuring traffic volume and vehicle speed using multilane portable reference equipment involves detecting a vehicle by analyzing the time difference between the driver and passenger tires. The vehicle speed was calculated using the installation angle of the tire detection sensor and trigonometric functions. An analysis of the measurement accuracy revealed that the traffic volume accuracy of the outermost lane (the fourth lane) was 100% during both day and night. The speed accuracy was 98.8% during the day and 97.7% at night, representing the highest performance in these metrics. Additionally, the traffic volume accuracy for the innermost lane (the first lane), as measured by the detection sensor from the third lane, was more than 99.3% at all times, with a speed accuracy exceeding 96% during the day and night, that also demonstrated excellent results. The analysis results indicated that the multilane portable reference equipment developed in this study was suitable for evaluating the VDS performance. This equipment allowed the collection of traffic volume and speed data from all lanes, rather than only the outermost lanes. This capability enabled consistent analysis for each lane and enhanced efficiency by reducing the analysis time. Additionally, this is expected to improve the reliability of the performance evaluations.

본 연구는 동결융해 및 철근 부식으로 복합열화된 철근콘크리트 보를 탄소섬유 복합재료로 보강한 경우의 휨 거동을 평가하 기 위해 층상화 단면해석 모델을 제안하고 그 유효성을 실험적으로 검증하였다. 해석 모델은 열화에 따른 재료물성 저하와 CFRP 보강 효과를 통합적으로 고려하여 휨 거동을 예측하도록 구성되었다. 제안된 모델의 해석 결과, 열화 및 CFRP 보강 RC 보의 항복휨모멘트 와 최대휨모멘트 예측값은 실험값과 평균 1.01∼1.16의 비율을 보여 휨 성능을 매우 높은 신뢰도로 예측함을 확인하였다. 그러나 휨모 멘트-변위 관계에서는 일부 상이한 경향이 관찰되었다. 항복 이전 구간에서는 해석 모델의 휨 강성이 실험 결과보다 높게 평가되었는 데, 이는 해석 모델이 콘크리트의 초기 미세균열과 같은 비선형적 거동을 완벽히 반영하지 못하기 때문으로 분석된다. 반면, CFRP로 보강된 보의 항복 이후 구간에서는 해석 모델의 강성이 실험값보다 낮게 나타났다. 이는 현행 RC 이론 기반의 변위 산정 방식이 CFRP 보강재의 높은 탄성계수 효과를 충분히 반영하지 못하여 최대강도 도달 시의 변위를 과대평가하기 때문으로 판단된다.

최근 반도체 산업은 디지털 전환과 지속가능한 발전 측면에서 글로벌 경쟁이 점점 더 치열해지고 있다. 본 연구 에서는 한국과 대만의 반도체 산업을 중심으로, ‘디지털 동적 역량’과 ‘기업 성과’ 간의 관계에서 ‘양손잡이 경영(탐 색과 활용)’의 매개효과를 포함하여 고찰하고자 했다. 또한, ‘환경의식’과 ‘기업의 사회적 책임(CSR)’의 조절 효과도 포함하여, 연구 모델을 구축하였다. 실증분석을 위해, 한국과 대만의 반도체 산업 종사자들을 대상으로 설문조사 를 실시하였으며, 조사된 설문 자료를 기반으로 비교분석을 수행하였다. 기본적으로 디지털 감지(sensing), 포착 (seizing), 전환(transforming)이라는 ‘디지털 동적 역량’이 ‘재무성과’ 및 ‘비재무성과’에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였 으며, 그 사이의 ‘탐색’과 ‘활용’이라는 ‘양손잡이 경영’이 갖는 매개효과도 검증하였다. 또한, 한국과 대만의 제도 적․문화적 기반이 다른 상황에 있어서, ‘환경의식’과 ‘CSR’의 (국가․제도․문화적 맥락에 따른) 조절효과도 고 찰하였다. 분석 결과를 보면, 첫째, 디지털 감지, 포착, 전환으로 구성된 디지털 동적 역량은 재무성과 및 비재무성과 모두 유의한 정(+)의 효과가 나타났다. 둘째, 탐색과 활용으로 구성된 ‘양손잡이 경영’은 디지털 동적 역량과 기업 성과 사이에서, 긍정적인 ‘부분 매개(partial mediation) 효과’가 나타났는데, 이는 양손잡이 경영의 전략적 중요성을 시사한다. 셋째, CSR과 환경의식은 성과 유형 및 국가에 따라 조절 효과가 상이하게 나타났다. 이는 Hofstede (1984)가 제시한 문화적 차이에 기인하는 것으로 예측된다. 특히 한국은 사회적 신뢰와 이미지 중심의 지속가능 한 전략을, 대만은 효율성과 성과 중심의 전략을 선호하는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구는 기업이 디지털 전환을 추진함에 있어 탐색과 활용의 균형을 갖춘 양손잡이 역량을 강화하고, 국가별 제도 및 문화적 특성을 고려한 CSR 및 지속가능성 전략을 수립할 때, 디지털 역량의 성과가 극대화될 수 있다는 등 다양한 학문적․실무적 시사점을 제시하고 있다.