본 연구는 식물공장에서 미나리(Oenanthe javanica DC.) 를 초장별(20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm)로 재배할 경우 기능성 물질과 영양학적 가치가 유지되는지를 평가하기 위해 수행되 었다. 미나리는 항산화 효과, 항염증, 간 보호 등 다양한 생리 활성을 갖춘 기능성 채소로, 기존 재배 방식의 한계를 극복하 고 연중 안정적인 생산이 가능한 식물공장 재배 가능성을 확 인하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 연구 결과, 초장 30cm에서 칼륨(K)과 칼슘(Ca) 함량이 가장 높았으며, 비타민 C 함량 또 한 1,165.38mg·kg-1으로 가장 높았다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 초 장 20－40cm에서 유사한 수준을 유지하였으며, 초장 50cm 에서 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 기능성 물질인 Quercetin, Apigenin, Isorhamnetin 함량은 초장에 따른 변동 폭이 크지 않아, 단기 재배된 초장이 짧은 미나리도 충분한 기능성 물질 을 함유하고 있음을 확인하였다. 식이섬유 함량 또한 모든 초 장에서 일정 수준(300g·kg-1 이상)을 유지하여 건강 기능성 채소로 활용 가능성이 높았다. 본 연구 결과를 종합하면, 식물 공장에서 초장 30cm로 재배된 미나리는 높은 영양 가치와 기 능성을 유지할 수 있으며, 기존 노지재배 방식과 비교해 연중 균일한 생산이 가능하여 산업적 활용 가치가 클 것으로 판단 된다.

본 연구는 소비자위해감시시스템(Consumer Injury Surveillance System, CISS)과 1372 소비자상담센터를 통 해 수집된 건강기능식품 관련 위해 사례를 분석하여, 소 비자가 겪는 부작용 및 불만 사항을 심층적으로 검토하였 다. 연구 결과, CISS를 통해 수집된 461건의 위해 사례는 주로 중장년층과 어린이·청소년층에서 많이 발생했으며, 가장 빈번하게 보고된 부작용은 피부 발진, 복통, 구토와 같은 신체 반응이었다. 특히, 50대와 10대 미만에서 부작 용 발생률이 높아, 이들 연령대에 대한 철저한 관리와 주 의가 필요함을 시사하였다. 또한, 홍삼, 유산균, 프로폴리 스 등에 대한 부작용 사례가 다수 보고되어, 제품의 판매 량에 영향이 있을 수 있으나, 해당 제품을 섭취하는 소비 자들에 대한 세심한 정보 제공과 주의가 요구됨을 확인하 였다. 부작용 중에서 가장 높은 비율을 차지한 것은 복통, 구토, 두드러기와 같은 피부 및 소화기관 관련 증상이었 으며, 이는 제품 섭취 전에 부패·변질 여부를 확인하는 것 이 중요함을 강조한다. 1372 소비자상담센터에 접수된 907 건의 상담사례 중 549건은 안전 문제와 관련되었고, 313 건은 표시·광고와 관련된 불만 사항이었다. 특히, 표시·광고와 관련된 불만은 제품 표시의 불충분함과 광고 내용의 신뢰성 부족에서 기인하였으며, 이는 소비자들이 제품 정 보를 정확히 얻지 못함으로써 발생하였다. 이에 대한 해 결책으로 제품 표시와 광고에 대한 규제 강화와 소비자 교육이 필요하다.

Background: Functional sarcopenia, a subcategory of sarcopenia, has recently been introduced. It is defined by muscle weakness and reduced physical performance, regardless of muscle mass reduction, and may potentially affect overall rehabilitation outcomes in patients. Objectives: This study aimed to classify stroke patients into two groups based on the presence or absence of functional sarcopenia and to compare changes in balance and gait ability after receiving the same rehabilitation intervention. Design: A quasi-experimental design. Methods: A total of 44 stroke patients participated in this study and were classified into functional sarcopenia (n=22) and non-functional sarcopenia groups. Physical function tests were used to assess balance (Timed Up and Go, Berg Balance Scale) and gait (10-Meter Walk Test, Functional Ambulation Category). All participants underwent a four-week convalescent rehabilitation program, receiving five sessions per week, with each session lasting four hours per day. Results: After four weeks of convalescent rehabilitation, both groups showed significant improvements in all outcome measures (P<.05). However, when comparing the pre-post changes, no significant differences were found between the two groups in the changes of balance and gait outcomes (P>.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that stroke patients with functional sarcopenia can achieve a similar level of functional recovery as those without functional sarcopenia when provided with appropriate rehabilitation interventions.

This study aims to model an accident that occurred at building demolition work sites in Gwangju in 2021 by using functional resonance analysis method(FRAM) and to understand a range of factors contributing to the accident based on the concepts and principles of FRAM and Safety-II. The nature of building demolition works needs to be understood from the viewpoint of socio-technical systems. Not only technical factors but also non-technical factors, including human, organizational, and political factors, and their complicated interrelationships should be considered in the modeling and analysis of accidents happening in the works. Because of the inherent complexity of a demolition works, it is unlikely to specify all of the necessary activities to be conducted in the works and their accountable actors. Additionally, unexpected situations are likely to happen and therefore some activity procedures cannot be followed in a prescribed way, which means that workers sometimes should conduct their activities in an improvisional way. Those characteristics of building demolition works indicate that a traditional accident analysis method based on a linear cause-effect relationship would be inadequate, and that more systemic approaches that can deal with the socio-technical complexities and characteristics of demolition works should be used. With this in mind, we applied FRAM to the accident happening in Gwangju in 2021 and attempted to understand the accident based on the concepts and principles of FRAM and Safety-II (e.g. a functional variablity and its propagation to another function). Lastly, we also suggested ways to enhance the safety of building demolition working sites.

By developing molds and facilities to horizontally mold the functional part of the dry-cast concrete block, We intend to develop molds and a series of facilities to horizontally mold the functional part of the dry-cast concrete block to increase production per cycle while maintaining existing production methods and major facilities. In order to do so, CAE analysis is first required to develop molds and facilities for horizontally molding the functional part of the drycast concrete block in the horizontal direction. The procedure will be carried out by reviewing the validity of boundary conditions and physical properties, 3D modeling, grid generation, construction of analysis models, model validity, analysis according to frequency changes, and analysis according to physical properties. First, through the comparison of two-point support, three-point support, and two-point and three-point support in the constraint conditions, We would like to compare it with the actual molded product in the horizontal direction.

By developing molds and facilities to horizontally mold the functional part of the dry-cast concrete block, We intend to develop molds and a series of facilities to horizontally mold the functional part of the dry-cast concrete block to increase production per cycle while maintaining existing production methods and major facilities. In order to do so, CAE analysis is first required to develop molds and facilities for horizontally molding the functional part of the drycast concrete block in the horizontal direction. The procedure will be carried out by reviewing the validity of boundary conditions and physical properties, 3D modeling, grid generation, construction of analysis models, model validity, analysis according to frequency changes, and analysis according to physical properties. First, through the comparison of two-point support, three-point support, and two-point and three-point support in the constraint conditions, We would like to compare it with the actual molded product in the horizontal direction. But first of all, it is considered three-point support in the constraint conditions in this paper.

This study examined the intake status and the factors affecting intake of functional foods using the data from Consumer Behavior Survey for Food by the Korea Rural Economic Institute. Among the total respondents, 80.4% took functional foods, and the number of respondents who took two types of functional foods was the highest. The main reason for taking functional foods was to prevent disease, and the main places of purchase of functional foods were off-line large supermarkets, on-line shopping malls, and pharmacies. Compared to a year ago, the percentage of increase in functional food purchases this year was higher than the percentage of decrease. The most common reasons for not taking functional foods were ‘not feeling the need’ and ‘not trusting the quality’. As a result of conducting a complex samples logistic regression analysis to identify the factors affecting the intake of functional foods, gender, age, marital status, illness state, alcohol drinking, and convenience-seeking type among dietary lifestyles were significant.

Iron oxide (ε-Fe2O3) is emerging as a promising electromagnetic material due to its unique magnetic and electronic properties. This review focuses on the intrinsic properties of ε-Fe2O3, particularly its high coercivity, comparable to that of rare-earth magnets, which is attributed to its significant magnetic anisotropy. These properties render it highly suitable for applications in millimeter wave absorption and high-density magnetic storage media. Furthermore, its semiconducting behavior offers potential applications in photocatalytic hydrogen production. The review also explores various synthesis methods for fabricating ε-Fe2O3 as nanoparticles or thin films, emphasizing the optimization of purity and stability. By exploring and harnessing the properties of ε-Fe2O3, this study aims to contribute to the advancement of next-generation electromagnetic materials with potential applications in 6G wireless telecommunications, spintronics, high-density data storage, and energy technologies.

Background: Rotator cuff tears often cause shoulder pain and functional limitations that may require conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Identifying preoperative differences in muscle strength and function can aid in treatment decisions. Objects: This study aimed to compare the preoperative shoulder muscle strength and functional outcomes between patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and those receiving conservative treatment. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of 315 patients with rotator cuff tears, including 145 who underwent surgery and 170 who received conservative treatment. Shoulder isokinetic muscle strength (external rotator, internal rotators, abductor, and adductors) and functional scores (American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons [ASES] and Constant-Murley shoulder scores) were measured. The conservative treatment group was assessed during a hospital visit, whereas the surgery group was tested on the morning of the surgery. An independent t-test was used to evaluate the preoperative shoulder strength and functional scores. Results: The conservative treatment group showed lower deficits in external (11.3 ± 23.9) and internal (11.7 ± 15.5) rotators compared to the surgery group (26.3 ± 33.8 and 17.1 ± 26.1, respectively; p = 0.001). Abductor and adductor deficits (18.2 ± 25.3 and 9.8 ± 16.8) were also lower in the conservative treatment group (30.7 ± 31.6 and 21.9 ± 28.4, respectively; p = 0.036 and p = 0.001). The external per internal rotator ratio (50.9 ± 16.8; p = 0.003) and ASES scores were higher (74.5 ± 14.8; p = 0.047) was higher in the conservative treatment group. Conclusion: The conservative treatment group had lower shoulder strength deficits, better muscle balance, and higher ASES scores than the surgery group, indicating superior functional outcomes. These findings suggest that assessing preoperative muscle strength and function might provide valuable insights into treatment planning for patients with rotator cuff tears.

벌나무(Acer tegmentosum Maxim.)는 국내 고산지대를 중심으로 분포하고 있고 간질환 치 료에 효과가 있다고 알려져 왔다. 본 연구에서는 벌나무 추출물의 기능성 화장품 소재로서의 활용 가능 성을 알아보기 위해 항산화, 항균, 항염증 효능 평가를 수행하였다. 시료 추출은 벌나무 껍질을 사용하 였고 벌나무 70% EtOH 추출물 (ATE)와 벌나무 열수 추출물 (ATW)로 나누어 추출하여 두 추출물의 효능을 비교평가 하고자 하였다. DPPH radical 소거능, ABTS+ radical 소거능, 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보 노이드 함량 측정을 진행한 결과 ATE와 ATW 모두 우수한 항산화 능력을 보였다. 항균 효능 평가 결 과, ATW는 E. coli와 P. aeruginosa에 대해 ATE보다 우수한 항균 효과를 보였으나, ATE는 S. aureus 에 대해 ATW보다 우수한 항균력을 보였다. 항염증 효능을 알아보기 위해 세포 독성 평가, NO 생성 측정, Western blotting 실험을 진행한 결과 ATE는 6.25 및 12.5 μg/ml에서 세포독성 없이 NO 생성 을 유의하게 감소시키고 iNOS 및 COX-2의 발현을 억제하여 우수한 항염증 효과를 보였다. 이 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 Acer tegmentosum Maxim. 추출물을 기능성 화장품 소재로 활용할 가능성을 제안한 다.

국가어항은 어촌경제의 핵심 거점으로, 전통적으로 수산업 활동을 지원하는 기능을 수행해 왔다. 그러나 현대에는 관광과 레크 리에이션 기능도 요구되고 있으며, 어항의 다기능화가 필요해지고 있다. 이에 따라 국가어항의 기능을 체계적으로 분류하고, 그 기능에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하는 것이 중요한 과제로 부각되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 국가어항의 기능을 분류하고, 각 기능에 미치는 주요 요인들을 실증 분석한다. 이를 통해 어항 기능을 극대화하고, 어촌경제와 지역사회 발전에 기여할 수 있는 전략을 제시하고자 한다. 연구 는 2021년 기준 115개 국가어항을 대상으로 자료를 수집하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 국가어항은 기초어업형, 경제적 진흥형, 관광특화형, 취약형, 다목적형의 5가지 유형으로 분류되었다. 또한 다중회귀분석을 통해 수산 및 관광 기능에 미치는 주요 요인들을 도출하였다. 중도 매인 수, 관광매출액, 숙박시설 수, 항별 이용 면적 등이 관광과 수산 기능에 유의미한 영향을 미친다는 점을 확인하였다. 이 연구는 국가 어항의 다기능화를 위한 구체적인 요인들을 규명하고, 각 유형의 어항에 맞는 개발 전략을 제시할 수 있는 기초자료를 제공한다. 특히, 취 약형 어항에 대한 맞춤형 개발 전략이 필요이 중요한 과제로 제시되었다.

In a previous study, beverages containing Centella asiatica extracts (CAE) that exhibited anti-inflammatory effects were prepared. This study aimed to establish the optimal extraction conditions for CAE to enhance its anti-inflammatory activity in functional labeling beverages (FLB-CCS) containing Aloe vera gel powder and Codonopsis lanceolata extract, and to determine their effects on intestinal epithelial cells. Initially, FLB-CCS 1 (containing 3% CAE) and FLB-CCS 2 (containing 1% CAE), which had varying CAE extraction ratios, displayed no significant cytotoxicity in IL-1β-induced inflammatory intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells. FLB-CCS 1 significantly more effectively inhibited the production of inflammatory factors, such as IL-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), compared to FLB-CCS 2. FLB-CCS 1 also reduced the mRNA expression of genes encoding IL-6 and MCP-1. Additionally, FLB-CCS 1 regulated the expression of IL-1 receptor type 1 by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB transcription factor p65. In conclusion, these results suggest that an increased CAE extraction ratio (FLB-CCS 1) could enhance the anti-inflammatory activity and serve as materials in functional labeling beverages for intestinal health.

본 연구에서는 전하 이동 특성을 가지는 분자[쿠마린(C)-DNP]의 흡수 스펙트럼을 정확하게 예측하기 위해 장거 리 보정 밀도 범함수 이론 (long-range corrected density functional theory, LC-DFT)인 LC-BLYP의 범위 분리 매개변수 (μ)를 여러 가지 피팅 방법을 이용하여 최적화하였다. 기체 상태의 Koopmans 이론을 기반으로 최적화된 μ값은 실험적 흡수 피크에 비해 청색 이동(blue-shift)되는 경향성을, 반대로 용매 환경에서 최적화된 μ값은 과도하게 적색 이동 (red-shift)이 되는 경향성을 보였다. 반면, 실험적 데이터에 맞춰 조정된 μ값은 흡수 스펙트럼의 피크 위치와 세기를 가 장 고정확도로 재현하였으며, 특히 C-DNP와 C-OH 분자에서 나타나는 최대 흡수 피크 에너지의 차이를 잘 예측하였 다. C-DNP의 HOMO와 LUMO 전자 분포는 모든 μ값에서 일정한 모양(shape)을 가지고 있었으며, HOMO에서 LUMO 의 전이는 C에서 DNP로의 분자 내 전하 이동(Intramolecular Charge Transfer, ICT)임을 보였다.

This study aims to develop a detailed sizing system for lower body clothing for elderly obese women, using data from the 8th Korean Anthropometric Survey. The research targets 296 elderly women aged 60 to 85, selected from 805 participants in total, who meet the following criteria: Rohrer Index of 1.6 or above, Body Mass Index of 25 or higher, and Waist-Hip Ratio of 0.85 or greater. Elderly women with abdominal obesity exhibit shorter lower body proportions and greater fat accumulation in the torso, around the chest and waist. The findings show that women in their 60s have the highest level of obesity, while waist width and thickness are greatest in women in their 70s, suggesting that abdominal obesity increases with age. According to the KS standards, the main measurement categories were divided into 5cm increments for height, while waist and hip girth were categorized into 5cm and 3cm, respectively, to analyze the distribution of sections. Clothing size standards for lower garments that require a precise fit, such as skirts and formal pants, are presented in 13 sizes, corresponding to a waist girth range of 85–100cm and a hip girth range of 88–97cm. Detailed measurements are categorized into primary and reference areas. Additionally, sizes were presented differently based on whether a precise fit was necessary. For items that did not require a precise fit, ranges were indicated with letters, or ranges were indicated with measurements. Detailed sizes were categorized into primary and reference areas.

This study analyzes the discourse of Korean internet users regarding patient clothing and identifies the changes to structure and content of clothing resulting from infectious disease outbreaks. The analysis draws on texts from Korean blogs, internet cafes, and news articles from 2011 to 2021 related to patient clothing. Using Ucinet 5 and NodeXL 1.0.1 programs, network density, centrality, and cluster analyses were conducted using the Wakita–Tsurumi algorithm. Additionally, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling was applied using Python 3.7 to further explore thematic patterns within the discourse. Throughout the period of study, it was found that users consistently discussed the specific purpose and functionality of patient clothing. Following the outbreak of COVID-19, the distribution and influence of keywords related to the functional aspects of patient clothing, such as “hygiene and safety,” significantly increased. An increased focus was placed on elements such as functionality, activity, autonomy, hygiene, and safety during the pandemic as public health concerns grew. It can be seen that patients increasingly share their experiences online and hospitalization rates surge during health crises; this study provides valuable insights into how the design of patient clothing can be improved through various informatics techniques. It underscores the evolving perception of patient clothing as essential medical equipment during health emergencies. In addition, it offers practical guidance for enhancing designs that better reflect shifting societal concerns, particularly regarding health, safety, and patient comfort.