Odorous compounds emitted from the melting process for material recycling of plastic have an effect on the sensory annoyance to the nearby residents. The objective of this study was to investigate emission characteristics of malodor in the domestic plastic recycling plants. The olfactometric results showed that the odor concentration among the surveyed plants were significantly different, depending on the melting temperature and material sources. The higher melting temperature led to the higher odor concentration. In particular, as for a plant where melting temperature was 320℃, the odor concentration exceeded 100,000 dilution ratio. However, as the temperature was reduced, the odor emission decreased gradually. This result indicates that reduction of the melting temperature is effective measure to decrease the emission of odor compounds. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of odorous compounds showed that regulatory odor substances such as sulfur compounds, aldehydes and VOCs were found with high concentration in the exhausted gases. Liquid tar in the exhausted gases makes it difficult to remove odorous compounds with traditional odor control devices. In order to eliminate both odorous compounds and liquid tar effectively, a combustion method is strongly recommended in these plants.

볏짚버섯속 유망버섯인 차신고버섯은 현재까지 1종만이 품종으로 등록되어 있는 실정으로 국내 고유품종 확보 및 버섯재배품종 다양화에 기여하고자 품종육성 연구를 수행한 결과, 차신고버섯 신품종 ‘다산’의 균사생장적온은 25~30℃이었으며 탄소원으로 glucose(maltose), 질소원으로 ammonium chloride(pepton)를 사용 시 균사생장 및 균사밀도가 우수하였고 탄소원과 질소원 무첨가 시 균사는 생장하였으나 균사의 밀도가 비교적 낮았다. 또한 버섯발생 특성은 신품종 “다산”이 초발이 소요일수, 수확 소요일수 및 수량은 각각 12~13일, 6~8일, 118.2g 으로 진향품종에 비해 다소 발이가 늦은 편이나 수량성은 양호하였다. 또한“다산”’ 품종은 갓의 색깔은 대조품종 보다 진하고 갓의 직경은 작았으며 대의 길이는 길고 갓의 직경이 작은 자실체 특성을 가지고 있었다.

The digital era in the 21st century is globalized and is collapsed boundary among countries, thereby being able to be said to be characterized most largely by proceeding with being a form like a federation and EU. A change into digital era brought about a change in all the aspects of human behavior and culture, not a change simply in temporal significance and technological significance. In recent days, all the services came to be possibly used the integrated device with the same network owing to innovation of communication technology, which is represented by digital, network, and internet. Now, the broadcasting industry, computer industry, and communication industry are exceeding the peculiar sphere by being mutually merged. Each of industrial sector centering on internet is showing the phenomenon of being united. The hybrid trend, which was formed by phenomenon in the complex digital media society, tended to be indicated in fashion and makeup design. As the digital media era was generated, the hybrid trend induced a change into society in open and horizontal idea. It came to be known that there is independent trend in each field even while organically working in the middle of the whole frame that fashion and makeup express a human being's external beauty. This implies that makeup is not what is always influenced by fashion as an accessory in fashion and a supplementary role, but what can show its contrary phenomenon. This study examined characteristics, which are shown in fashion and makeup due to hybrid influence with greeting the digital media era. This study was carried out in order to be conducive to objective data available for giving help to the future direction and marketing data in product of the relevant businesses, through the results of this study.

To establish a globalization strategy for Korean food, it is important to ascertain foreign consumer's taste preferences and to evaluate their sensory perceptions of Korean food. In concert with previous studies, the most preferred food were Bulgogi and Galbi. However, respondents showed somewhat different preferences for other foods. Chinese and other Asian participants preferred Galbitang and Samgyetang, while Japanese participants preferred Pajeon, Galbitang and Japchae, and Western participants preferred Galbitang, Mandu and Bibimbap. The most preferred condiment was hot pepper paste (the representative condiment of Korea) and the least preferred one was ginger. Hot pepper paste was preferred most by Japanese participants, while Chinese participants tended not to prefer ginger and other Asian participants excepting those from China and Japan disliked vinegar most. Foreign consumers tended to consider Korean food as sweet, salty and very hot. Chinese participants considered Korean food to be 'plain' and 'light and washy' in taste, while Japanese participants considered Korean food to be 'greasy' and 'thick and sticky'. Chinese participants considered typical servings to be inadequate, while Japanese participants considered the servings as excessive.

This study aimed to compare 2 protocols recommended to patients with chronic cervical cord injury: each protocol included breathing exercises (inhalation-oriented or exhalation-oriented) and facilitation maneuver for the accessory respiratory muscles. Seventeen patients with chronic cervical cord injury volunteered to participate in this study, and we randomized these patients into 2 groups: the inhalation-oriented breathing exercise group (IOBEG) and exhalation-oriented breathing exercise group (EOBEG), consisting of 8 and 9 patients, respectively. Patients in the IOBEG performed inspiratory exercises using intermittent positive pressure breathing devices, while those in the EOBEG performed expiratory exercises using incentive spirometry. All exercises were performed by the subjects twice a day for 4 weeks, with each session lasting an average of 20 min. The outcomes were assessed on the basis of the pre- and post-treatment values of vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and FEV1/FVC. In the IOBEG, no significant differences were observed between the pre- and post-treatment values of any of the measured variables (p>.05); however, in the EOBEG, significant improvement was noted in the VC, FVC, FEV1 measured (p<.05) after the treatment. In addition, the rates of change in the values of VC, FVC, and FEV1 differed significantly between the 2 groups (p<.05). These findings suggest that the EOBEs can enhance respiratory function and are clinically feasible in patients with chronic cervical cord injury. Further studies will be undertaken to evaluate the clinical application of these findings.

This study aimed to analyze the expression of Hybrid in Contemporary Hair Design that is one kind of total fashion. In this research, by background of the hybrid characteristics of the messes culture art, the hybrid characteristics of the hair design has been defined as characters which is the mixture of timeless spaces, styles, sexes, unsuitable elements and cultures. The results of analysis by the expression of the hybrid hair design after 2000 is like this. As the researching, the hybrid characteristics of the hair design by the mixture of unsuitable elements and styles have been presented the highest. The result of the frequency of the apparition in the hair design molding elements according to the expression of the hybrid hair design, the hybrid characteristics of the unsuitable elements and style has been presented ideological form and the artificial form was the highest. The case of the hybrid of the activated texture, the unsuitable elements, style and timeless space has been presented excellently one after another. In the color tone, the mixture of the style, the unsuitable elements and timeless space has been presented one by one. The case of the hybrid of the image, the unsuitable elements that is the highest the frequency of the apparition was presented the image of the avant-garde, the fantastic and humor one after another.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of weight control programs on BMI, serum profiles, nutrition knowledge and eating behaviors of adult obese women. The subjects of this study were 33 adult obese women aged 30- 65 years residing in Seoul. The weight control program for obese women included nutritional education, cognitive behavioral therapy and exercise for 12 weeks. The weight control experience of the subjects was 60.6%. They preferred physical exercise and diet restriction to weight control and 72.7% of subjects answered that the reasons for wanting to control their weight was health. The BMI of test subjects significantly decreased (p<0.001) from 28.3 to 27.1 after the 12 weeks of the weight control program. In addition, the % body fat significantly decreased (p<0.001) from 36.4% to 34.5% after completion of the weight control program. SGPT levels in the serum were also significantly decreased (p<0.05) after the program. Triglyceride levels significantly decreased from 194.9 mg/dL to 98.1 mg/dL (p<0.01) and the HDL cholesterol level significantly increased (p<0.01) from 55.8 mg/dL to 60.0 mg/dL after completion of the weight control program. Nutritional knowledge and eating behavior scores were significantly increased (p<0.001). In addition, the eating self-efficacy of the subjects was significantly increased (p<0.01); however, the food diversity scores were not changed after the program. These results suggest that the weight control program for adult obese women may be effectively used to promote weight reduction and improve nutritional knowledge and eating behavior.

최근 들어 미래산업에 대한 관심이 더욱 고조됨에 따라 과학기술에 있어서도 미래를 예측하는 것, 특히 미래 과학기술 변화의 징후, ‘weak signals’의 탐색에 대한 요구도 증가하고 있는 추세이다. weak signals란 현재에는 불확실하고 비정상적인 신호이지만 미래변화를 주도할 예비 징후를 의미하며, 이는 미래예측에 있어서 중요한 실마리를 제공하게 된다. weak signal에 대한 연구는 기술의 미래를 연구하는 데 있어 중요한 단초를 좀 더 먼저 제공한다는 점에서 중요성을 인식할 수 있으나, 그 개념부터 탐색 방법, 활용에 이르기까지 그리 길지 않은 역사를 가진 분야로 더욱 심도 깊은 연구가 요구되고 있다. 또한 이를 탐색하는 방법에 있어서 주로 높은 수준의 감각과 전문성을 갖는 전문가의 내용분석에 의해 이루어져 왔으나, 그러한 분석이 쉽지 않을 뿐만 아니라 범위도 넓고, 그 분석결과의 해석 또한 전문가 개인의 판단에 맡길 수밖에 없다는 한계가 있었다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 작업을 좀 더 객관적으로 지원할 수 있는 방법을 제시하기 위한 것으로서, 비정형적 기사정보를 대상으로 정보분석에 의해 계량적인 결과를 도출하고, 이를 바탕으로 전문가의 징후 발견 논거를 마련

저온 스트레스에 대한 내성을 지닌 신품종 톨 페스큐를 개발할 목적으로 CaMV35S 프로모터 하류에 NDP kinase 2 유전자가 항상적으로 발현하도록 제작한 벡터를 Agrobacterium법을 이용하여 톨 페스큐에 도입하였다. Hygromycin이 첨가된 선발배지에서 내성을 나타내며 재분화된 형질전환 식물체를 pot로 이식하여 기내순화 시킨 후, Southern blot 분석을 실시하여 본 결과, NDP kinase 2 유전자가 형질전환 식물체의 g

억새의 최적 조직배양조건을 확립하기 위하여 성숙종자로부터 배발생 캘러스 유도 및 캘러스로부터 식물체 재분화에 미치는 식물생장 조절물질의 영향을 조사하였다. 배발생 캘러스 유도시 첨가되는 auxin으로는 2,4-D가 가장 효율적이었으며, 3 mg/L 2,4-D가 첨가된 배지에서 배발생 캘러스가 가장 높은 빈도로 유도되었다. 식물체 재분화는 배발생 캘러스를 1 mg/L 2,4-D와 2 mg/L BA가 첨가된 재분화 배지에서 배양했을 때 가장 높은 재분화효율

페레니얼 라이그라스의 5가지 품종을 이용하여 성숙종자로부터 배발생 캘러스 유도 및 캘러스로부터의 식물체 재분화 효율을 조사하였다. 성숙종자로부터 4주 동안 배양한 캘러스 유도율은 'Accent', 'Topgun', 'Renenge GLX', 'Bison', 'Tetrellite' 순으로 높은 캘러스 유도율을 보였고 암상태에서 배양한 캘러스가 광상태에서 배양한 것보다 7~9% 정도 높은 효율을 나타내었다. 식물체로의 재분화에 적합한 배지는 MS 배지보다

표고 원목재배용 FM0974 균주는 2002년 모균주인 산 조502호와 산림4호의 일핵균사를 선발하여 교잡육종법 으로 육성된 교배균주로서 PDA 평판배지에서 균사생장 (63.6mm/7일)이 대조균주 산림4호(57.8mm/7일)보다 우 수하였고, 균사의 피막형성과 균총색깔이 갈색으로 변하는 특징을 지녔으며, 해균의 피해가 적은 내병성, 고온성 품종으 로 추정되었다. FM0974의 균주에 대한 균일성과 안정성 및 지역적응성시험이 경기 화성, 충남 천안, 충북 청원지역의 3 개소에서 진행되었다. 한편, 표고버섯 특성조사요령(TG)에 의한 FM0974호의 자실체 특성으로 갓과 대의 위치는 중심 생이며 측면에서의 갓 모양은 평반구형, 직경은 68.6mm로 중대엽형이며, 색깔은 갈색을 띠었다. 갓 주름은 잘 발달되어 있고, 주름살의 측면 모양은 평활형이며, 버섯의 대는 기둥형 으로 길이는 56.0mm로 보통이고, 대 굵기는 15.8mm로 조 사되었다. 임가실증시험을 통해서 3년간 수확량은 원목 1본 당 2.5kg이상이었고, 버섯 개체당 생체중은 25g이상이었다. <본 연구는 산림청 지원 연구비로 수행되었음.>