The differential susceptibility of the two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae and its predator, Phytoseiulus persimilis against extracts of Gleditsia japonica var. koraiensis, Camellia sinensis, Cinnamomum cassia, Lantana camara and their mixtures was evaluated. The plant extracts tested were much less toxic to P. persimilis than to T. urticae. The plant extracts tested had little effect on the survival of P. persimilis adult females. Moreover, reproduction of P. persimilis adult females and eclosion of eggs deposited by treated predators were not seriously affected. The treatments of the plant extracts tested showed no serious toxic effect on P. persimilis eggs and exhibited 84∼100% hatchability. The treatments with mixtures 3 and 1 were effective against the adult females of T. urticae and yielded 76.0% and 72.7% adulticidal activity at 7 days after treatment, respectively. The treatment of mixture 2 revealed 63.3% adulticidal activity. Generally, the acaricidal activity of the individual treatment of each plant extract was lower than the mixtures. The adult females of T. urticae treated with mixtures 3 and 1 produced only 29.5∼31.3% as many eggs as the control females did. All the plant extracts tested exhibited no noticeable toxic effect to the eggs of T. urticae. These results suggest that mixtures 3 and 1 might be used for the control of T. urticae, and expected to be promising candidates for use in integrated mite management program with P. persimilis.

본 연구는 기존에 절화용으로 개발되지 않았던 암대극을 새로운 관상식물로 개발하기 위해 수행되었다. 실험은 보존용액에 따른 절화 암대극의 영향을 구명하고자 수분흡수율, 절화수명, 상대생체중을 조사하였다. 수확 후 절화는 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate (8-HQS) 10, 50, 100 ㎎·L-1, silver thiosulfate (STS) 0.1, 0.2 mM, Chrysal, Floralife의 보존용액에 처리 되었다. 실험은 온도 22.6℃, 상대습도 45%, 일장 9/15h, 광도 9.89 μmol·m-2·s-1 환경에서 수행되었다. 절화 암대극의 수분흡수율은 8-HQS 10 ㎎·L-1 보존용액에 처리 시 무처리된 절화보다 유의하게 높게 측정되었다. 그러나 절화 암대극의 수명은 무처리와 8-HQS 10 ㎎·L-1 보존용액 처리 시 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 절화 수명은 STS 보존용액 처리 시 처리농도가 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. 절화 암대극의 상대 생체중은 상업용 절화수명연장제인 Chrysal 및 Floralife 보존용액 처리 시 무처리 보다 유의하게 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 절화 암대극의 사용에 있어 유용한 자료가 될 것이다.

In this study, a solar light collector that collects and transmits solar light required for crop production in a closed plant production system was developed. The solar light collector consisted of a Fresnel lens for collecting solar light, and a tracking actuator for tracking solar light from sunrise to sunset to increase the light collection efficiency. The optical fiber that transmitted solar light was made of Glass Optical Fiber (GOF), and it had an excellent optical transmission rate. After collecting the solar light, the amount of light was measured at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm distances from the GOF through the darkroom by using a light sensor logger connected to a quantum and pyranometer sensor. Compared with solar light, the light intensity of pyranometer sensor measured at 5 cm was 114% higher than solar light, and 61% at 10 cm. In addition, it was observed that it is possible to transmit the necessary amount of light for growing crops up to about 15 cm (as over 22%) through GOF. Therefore, adding diffusers to the solar light collector should be expected to replace artificial light in plant factories or plug seedlings nurseries for leafy vegetables. More studies on the solar light collection devices and the light transmission devices that have high light collection efficiency should be conducted.

This study was carried out to investigate the vascular plants of Mt. Choejeong in Gachang-myeon, Daegu. From March 2017 to October 2018, a total of 22 studies were conducted. The vascular plants surveyed were grouped into 560 taxa, including 104 families, 297 genera, 495 species, 4 subspecies, 51 varieties and 10 forma. Endemic plants 15 taxa, Rare plants 5 taxa, Red list plants 5 taxa, Floristic regional indicator plants 54 taxa, Naturalized plants 36 taxa were recorded. Among surveyed 560 taxa, edible, medicinal, ornamental, timber, pasturing, industrial and fiber plants included 246 taxa (29.2%), 228 taxa (27.1%), 164 taxa (19.5%), 61 taxa (7.2%), 13 taxa (1.5%), and 8 taxa (0.9%). And because people are coming and going more frequently than in the past, this will result in more frequent influx of naturalized plants and a threat to the habitat of the plants that are currently growing.

This study aimed to analyze the growth and physical responsees of Dracaena braunii in response salt accumulation in ornamental water culture and to examine the effect of activated carbon on this growth response. The experiment was conducted in a plant growth chamber and the indoor environmental conditions of the chamber were set at 23 ± 1℃ temperature, 70 ± 3% humidity, and 1,000 lux brightness. The observation of the growth response of plants in the presence of activated carbon showed that the pH with activated carbon maintained sub-acidic to neutral (6.27∼7.32) conditions and showed decreased electric conductivity in the media. As the treatment with added activated carbon showed good growth and physical responses, this indicated that absorption effect of activated carbon had a positive influence on the growth of plants. However, as the absorption effect of activated carbon may decrease over time and the use of high concentrations of activated carbon might cause nutrition shortage, various concentration of activated carbon and their absorption effects need to be investigated in the future.

In this study, we evaluated the energy production from plant-microbial fuel cells using representative indoor plants, such as Scindapsus aureus and Clatha minor. The maximum power density of microbial fuel cell (MFC) using S. aureus (3.36 mW/m2) was about 2 times higher than that of the MFC using C. minor (1.43 mW/m2). It was confirmed that energy recovery is possible using plant-MFCs without fuel. However, further research is needed to improve the performance of plant-MFCs. Nevertheless, plant-MFCs have proved their potential as a novel energy source to overcome the limitations of the conventional renewable energy sources such as wind power and solar cells, and could be employed to a power source for the sensor in charge of the fourth industrial revolution.

본 연구는 전라남도 여수시 돌산읍에 위치하는 돌산도의 관속식물상을 조사하고 분포가 확인된 주요 식물에 대해 논의하였다. 현지조사는 2017년부터 2018년까지 총 15회에 걸쳐 수행되었으며, 이에 대한 증거표본은 국립수목원 산림생물표본관(KH)에 소장하였다. 분포가 확인된 관속식물은 113과 338속 517종 1아종 49변종 3품종 총 570분류군이다. 이중 한국특산식물은 개족도리풀 등 18분류군을 확인되었으며, 환경부지정 식물구계학적특정식물종은 V-I등급으로 총 90분류군이 조사되었다. 희귀식물은 위기종(EN)인 백양꽃 1분류군을 포함하여 총 4분류군이며, 적색목록에 속하는 관속식물은 취약종(VU) 갯취 등 총 8분류군이다.

본 연구는 팔공산자연공원 갓바위지구에 분포하는 관속식물상을 조사함과 아울러 자연자원의 보존과 관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위해 수행하였다. 갓바위지구를 대상으로 2015년 4월부터 2017년 10월까지 식물상을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 조사한 자료를 바탕으로 식물상 목록을 작성한 결과, 전체 식물상은 75과 167속 214종 3아종 18변종 3품종으로 총 238분류군이 확인되었으며, 2012년 확인된 관속식물상 59과 108속 117종 14변종 3품종 등 총 134분류군(You, 2012)과는 다소 차이가 있었다. 식물구계학적 특정종은 20종, 귀화식물은 총 18종이 확인되었다. 조사지역을 지형적 특성, 이용적 특성, 수광량 등에 따라 3개 권역으로 구분 조사를 실시한 결과 출현 식물종수는 A 구간(119종)<C 구간(147종)<B 구간(161종)순으로 나타났으나 식물상 다양성은 A 구간(126.60)<B 구간(127.78)<C 구간(132.43) 순으로 확인되었다. 즉, C 구간이 A·B 구간에 비해 다양한 종과 속을 포함하고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 갓바위지구는 팔공산의 다른 지구와 비교시 다양한 식물상이 관찰되지는 않았으나 생태학적으로 중요종인 특정 식물종 등이 서식하고 있고 지구 곳곳에 다양한 지형자원이 산재되어 있으므로 중요종의 서식처 보호 및 자연자원 보존을 위한 관리계획 수립이 필요하며, 인위적 간섭과 교란정도가 상대적으로 높은 A·B 지역은 환경 압력을 저감시킬 수 있도록 등산로 폐쇄, 휴식년제 도입, 훼손지 복원, 귀화식물에 대한 장기 모니터링 등 건전한 산림생태계 복원을 위한 노력이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

본 연구는 우리나라에 자생하고 있는 비비추속 식물 6종(일월비비추, 주걱비비추, 다도해비비추, 좀비비추, 한라비비추, 흑산도비비추)의 정단을 이용하여 대량증식과 품종개발 등을 위한 기내증식체계를 확립하고자 하였다. 정단은 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 ㎎/L BA와 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 ㎎/L TDZ를 0.1 ㎎/L NAA와 각각 혼용한 조건과 PGRs을 무첨가한 조건(control)의 MS배지에 배양하였다. 배양 8주 후에 embryogenic callus, somatic embryo, crown bud, 그리고 신초와 뿌리의 분화 및 생육, 생체중 등에 대하여 조사하였다. 6종의 비비추 식물 모두에서 control에 비하여 PGRs 처리구의 embryogenic callus와 somatic embryo 형성율, 다신초 분화율이 높았다. 분화된 신초의 개수는 일월비비추는 2.0 ㎎/L TDZ에서 5.4개, 주걱비비추와 다도해비비추는 1.0 ㎎/L TDZ에서 각각 3.3개, 5.8개, 좀비비추는 0.5㎎/L BA에서 11.1개, 흑산도비비추는 0.5 ㎎/L TDZ에서 9.8개, 한라비비추는 1.0 ㎎/L BA, 0.1 ㎎/L TDZ에서 8.1개로 가장 많았다. Somatic embryo 형성에서는 다도해비비추와 흑산도비비추가 처리한 PGRs에 대해 효과적이었고, 일월비비추, 주걱비비추, 좀비비추, 한라비비추에서는 상대적으로 효과가 적었다. 4종의 자생 비비추(일월비비추, 주걱비비추, 다도해비비추, 흑산도비비추)에서 조사된 crown bud도 control에 비하여 PGRs 처리구에서 더 많이 형성되었다. 주걱비비추는 cytokinin의 종류 및 농도와 상관없이 callus와 신초 분화에 큰 효과가 나타나지 않았지만, crown bud의 형성에는 TDZ에서 약간 증가하였다.

본 연구는 중금속 오염지역의 토양정화에 적합한 식물을 선발하기 위해 국화과 15종을 중금속으로 오염된 토양에 8주 동안 재배한 다음 생육반응과 부위별 비소, 카드뮴, 구리, 납, 아연 등의 중금속의 축적능을 분석하였다. 톱풀을 제외한 가새쑥부쟁이, 금계국, 감국, 각시취 등의 생육은 비교적 양호하였다. 비소 축적능은 더위지기 지하부(25.52 ㎎·㎏-1)에서 가장 높았고 지상부는 바위구절초(3.35 ㎎·㎏-1)가 가장 우수하였다. 카드뮴은 왕갯쑥부쟁이 지상부(2.50 ㎎·㎏-1)에서 가장 높았다. 구리 축적능은 지상부와 지하부 모두 각시취(24.29, 99.92 ㎎·㎏-1)가 가장 높은 경향을 보였다. 국화과 15종의 지상부는 1.43(왕갯쑥부쟁이)∼5.00 ㎎·㎏-1(수리취)의 납이 축적되었다. 눈갯쑥부쟁이(140.09 ㎎·㎏-1), 쑥부쟁이(109.07 ㎎·㎏-1), 왕갯쑥부쟁이(100.21 ㎎·㎏-1) 등의 아연 축적능은 100 ㎎·㎏-1 이상으로 아연 오염 지역의 식물상 정화 기법 소재로 활용이 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

The acaricidal activity of extracts of Gleditsia japonica var. koraiensis, Camellia sinensis, Cinnamomum cassia, Lantana camara and their mixtures against the tea red spider mite, Tetranychus kanzawai was evaluated. Treatments with mixtures 3 and 1 were effective against the adult females of T. kanzawai and yielded 82.0% and 77.3% adulticidal activities at 7 days after treatment, respectively. Treatment with mixture 2 revealed 68.0% adulticidal activity. Generally, the acaricidal activity of the single treatment of each plant extract was lower than the mixtures. The adult females of T. kanzawai treated with mixtures 3 and 1 produced only 24.0~29.6% as many eggs as control females did. The residue of the plant extracts tested had low adulticidal activity (16.7~31.3% at 7 days after treatment). All the plant extracts tested exhibited no remarkable toxic effect to the eggs of T. kanzawai. Treatments of mixtures 3 and 1 were effective against nymphs of T. kanzawai and led to emergence rates of 16.7 and 22.0%, respectively. These results suggest that mixtures 3 and 1 might be used for the control of T. kanzawai in tea fields.

The purpose of this study is to provide the baseline data for conservation and management of the ecosystem of Gyeongju National Park by surveying and analysing the vascular plants distributed in Mt. Manhongbong (522 m). The vascular plants were surveyed form May 2012 to August 2017. The vascular plants on this site was classified as follow. Based on voucher specimens, the vascular plants of this site consisted of 91 families, 292 genera, 397 species, 4 subspecies, 48 varieties and 8 forms. The 2 taxa of threatened species, 11 taxa of rare plants and 14 taxa of Korean endemic plants were investigated. The specific plants by floristic region were totally 39 taxa, which were 3 taxa of grade V, 5 taxa of grade IV, 2 taxa of grade III, 11 taxa of grade II and 18 taxa of grade I. The naturalized plants were identified as 33 taxa and the percentage of naturalized index (NI) was 7.2%, and urbanized index (UI) was 10.3%, respectively. The invasive alien plants were 2 taxa, such as Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and Aster pilosus Willd.

Mt. Bonghwa reaches a height of 800 m (2,870 ft) and stands on the flank of Mt. Daeam-san, which has an elevation of 1,304 m (4,278 ft). It is important to survey the flora of Bonghwa-san in that it is a way to make out what kind of plant species exist in DMZ due to the geographical characteristics of Bonghwa-san adjacent to Korean DMZ. Therefore this study was conducted to elucidate the distribution of vascular plants and their value of Bonghwa-san. The vascular plants that were collected 10 times from May 2015 to April 2017 consisted of a total of 525 taxa; 93 families, 309genera, 458 species, 4 subspecies, 58 varieties and 5 forms. The observed rare plant species as designated by Korea Forest Service were 12 taxa including Echinosophora koreensis, Epimedium koreanum, Anemone koraiensis etc. Endemic species were 16 taxa containing Cirsium setidens, Heloniopsis koreana, Salvia chanryoenica etc. 31 taxa were recorded as naturalized plants and their naturalized rate and urban index were noted as 5.8% and 7.25%. Among the surveyed 525 taxa, edible, medicinal, pasturing, ornamental, timber, dye, fiber and industrial plants included 213 taxa, 172 taxa, 196 taxa, 50 taxa, 23 taxa, 10 taxa, 6 taxa and 3 taxa, respectively.

This was carried out to develop a chromosome-doubled (12x) persimmon that will be used as a crossing parent to select seedless persimmon cultivars with the change of the consumption trend recently. To obtain a chromosome-doubled (12x) persimmon, colchicine was applied at the meristem of seedlings in vitro derived from cross among hexaploid persimmon (Diopyros kaki Thunb.). These were treated with 0.03%, 0.05% and 0.1% colchicine respectively for doubling chromosome, and it was most effective at the concentration of 0.05% colchicine. After colchicine treatment, we conducted tests to elucidate conditions for inducing shoot and root development. As the result, the shoots grew best when cultivated at 1/2MS media plus 10 and 30 μM zeatin respectively, and the roots grew best when cultivated at 1/2MS media after dipping for 5 seconds at 10 mM NAA+5% DMSO. We also compared seedlings that have chromosome (6x) do not doubled and crossing parents (6x) and chromosome-doubled seedlings (12x). As the result, these chromosome-doubled seedlings (12x) showed lower stomatal density and larger stomatal size.

This study was conducted to select candidates from plant resources for the purpose of improving or treating Alzheimer’s disease, a type of dementia. One hundred and eighty-four plant extracts at a final concentration of 100 ㎍/㎖ were screened to determine their capacity to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by in vitro assay. From this AChE assay, seven plant extracts - including methanol ext. and water ext. of Phellaodendron amurense Rupr. (bark), methanol ext. of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn (stamen/ovary), methanol ext. of Persicaria tinctoria H. GROSS (flower), methanol ext. of Coptis chinensis (rhizome), ethanol ext. of Cinnamomum cassia Blume(bark) and ethanol ext. of Carthamus tinctorius L. (fruit) - showed effective inhibition activity ranging from 18.7% to 63.1%. The selected extracts were testified their inhibition activities on AChE and BuChE (butyrylcholinesterase) at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200 ㎍/㎖. In the AChE assay, five extracts including methanol ext. of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (stamen/ovary), methanol ext. of Persicaria tinctoria H. GROSS (flower), methanol ext. of Coptis chinensis (rhizome), methanol ext. and water ext. of Phellaodendron amurense Rupr. (bark) showed inhibition activity of 15.0%~73.5%, 19.5%~63.5%, 81.6%~58.5%, 69.9%~80.5%, and 54.8%~78.3%, respectively, at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200 ㎍/㎖. In the BuChE assay, the extracts of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (stamen/ovary), Persicaria tinctoria H. GROSS (flower), and Coptis chinensis (rhizome) showed inhibitory capacities of 58.9~81.6%, 45.8%~72.4%, and 33.1%~55.4% at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200 ㎍/㎖, respectively. In conclusion, it is suggested that Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (stamen/ovary), Persicaria tinctoria H. GROSS, Coptis chinensis (rhizome) and Phellaodendron amurense Rupr. (bark) could be selected as candidate materials for improving or treating Alzheimer’s disease on the basis of further study.

Background : Phlomidis radix is known to be effective for pain relief and anti-inflammation. Phlomidis radix (Han-Sok-Dan) is likely to be confused because it is similar in name to Dipsaci Radix (Cheon-Sok-Dan), or is similar in morphology to other Phlomioides species. Therefore, we investigated the origins and morphological characteristics of the origin plant of Phlomidis radix in order to cultivate and consume the correct one. Methods and Results : We reviewed North and South Korean and Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the books on oriental herbal medicine and botanical illustrations. In South Korea, P. umbrosa was defined as the origin plant of Phlomidis radix, whereas in North Korea, P. maximowiczii was defined. In China, it was not used as an oriental medicine. In the past, P. umbrosa, which is native to the Korean peninsula, or P. maximowiczii, which is native to the northern part of the Korea was used instead of Dipsacus asperoides for Dipsaci Radix. However, after the publication of the Korean Pharmacopoeia, Phlomidis radix and Dipsaci Radix have been distinguished, and only P. umbrosa was defined as the origin plant of Phlomidis radix. Therefore, Phlomidis radix and Dipsaci Radix should be distinguished from each other, the origin plant of Phlomidis radix is considered to be P.umbrosa. Furthermore, we investigated the external morphological and growth characteristics of Phlomoides species in Korea. There are three species of Phlomoides in Korea, such as P. umbrosa, P. maximowiczii, P. koraeinsis. P. umbrosa has no basal leaves but only stem leaves, while P. maximowiczii and P. koraeinsis have basal leaves. Also, P. maximowiczii is distinguishable from seeds with hairs while P. koraeinsis from hairless seeds. Conclusion : We considered P. umbrosa as the origins of Phlomidis radix. As a result of investigation of morphological and growth characteristics, P. umbrosa, P. maximowiczii and P.koraeinsis could be distinguished by the presence or absence of basal leaves and the difference in whether the seeds have hair or not. These results could be used as a basis for standard varieties research and cultiviation of P. umbrosa.

Background : Ribes fasciculatum var. chinense Maxim. has been traditionally used as febrifuge, diuretic and antidote against urushiol in Korea. This study described a metabolomics approach used to discriminate the genus Ribes from different sources. Methods and Results : Four different types of Ribes from Korea were analyzed by ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR-MS/MS) based metabolomics. Multivariate statistical method such as principal component analysis (PCA) were used to compare the derived patterns among the samples. The data set was subsequently applied to various metabolite selection methods for sophisticated classification with the optimal number of metabolites. The results showed variations in accuracy among the classification methods for the samples of different origins, especially for cultivation region. Conclusion : This proposed analytical method coupled with multivariate analysis is fast, accurate, and reliable for discriminating the origin of the genus Ribes samples and is a potential tool to standardize quality control in the genus Ribes related products.

Background : Rhododendron brachycarpum belong to Ericaceae family is northern herbaceous plant and grows high in mountains of Korea. Traditionally, this plants have been used to treat arthralgia, neuralgia, hypertension, roborant and diuretic. In spite of medicinal values, natural populations are decresing due to climate change and grows slowly. Therefore it need to secure plant materials and in vitro culture is able to the alternative methods. In this study, we examined the effect of PGRs treatment using leaf and petiole explants. Methods and Results : The effects of the different surface sterilization agents (NaOCl and HgCl2) and time were tested. Best results with lower contamination and higher explants survival were recorded with 2 - 4% NaOCl for 1 minutes and 0.5 - 1.0% AgNO3. Callus was obtained when cultured onto MS medium using different concentration and combination of 2,4-D, BA and NAA. Maxium induction of callus was obtained from combinations of 2.0 ㎎ l-1 2,4-D and 1.0 - 2.0 ㎎ l-1 BA from leaf explants. Petiole explants were more effective to induce callus than leaf explants from combination of 1.0 ㎎ l-1 2,4-D and 0.1 - 1.0 ㎎ l-1 BA. Conclusion : The resultes provide that different explants and PGRs combinations were good source of callus induction.

Background : Korean ginseng require 3 - 4 years to produce mature seeds from their mother plants. Therfore, it takes over 20 years to genetic fixation by artificial crossing of 8 generation. Anther culture is a useful method for obtaining homozygotes in only one generation. However, there is not much research on ginseng yet. In this study, we investigated the callus induction of anther depending on the type and concentration of the plant growth regulators in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Methods and Results : Flower buds of P. ginseng were cold pretreated at 2 days before the anthers were plated on the induction medium. The flower buds were immersed in 70% ethanol for 30 sec min, washed two times with sterile distilled water, surface-sterilized in 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 20 min, then rinsed five times with sterile distilled water. The anthers were placed on Petri dishes containting fifteen different concentrations and combinations of 2,4-D, NAA, BAP and KT. Callus induction was significantly influenced by the type and combination of plant growth regulators. The highest callus induction rate was observed in GR5 medium at 79.2%. The 2,4-D mediums had significantly higher callus induction than the NAA medium, and 2,4-D 1 ㎎/ℓ have a higher callus induction rate than the other concentrations. The increase of callus induction rate was not observed by the addition of cytokinin, but the callus induction rate was gradually decreased as the BAP concentration was increased. There was no difference in callus induction rate between BAP and KT. Conclusion : The important factor for inducing callus of ginseng anther was the addition of 2,4-D, and no effect of cytokinin addition could be found.

Background : Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer is one of most important medicinal (Glycyrrhizae radix) herbs in traditional oriental medication and they are also important commercial products used worldwide in sweetening and flavoring. They contain the similar compounds, such as the triterpenoid saponins and flavonoids. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more efficient and sustainable methods for the production of G. uralensis Fischer and its medicinal constituents. This study was accomplished to investigate the effect of medium composition on in vitro propagation and plantlet regeneration from nodal explants of G. uralensis Fischer, and to establish a reliable protocol for micropropagation. Methods and Results : Young and actively growing stem segments were excised from adult plants of new cultivar ‘manju’. They were cut into a 1cm nodal segments with single node after sterilization, and cultivated in the different medium supplemented with various plant growth regulators for two weeks. For shoot multiplication, one-node stem segments, approximately 1 ㎝ in length, were taken from in vitro derived shoots and subcultured. After four weeks of culture, the efficacy of each medium on shoot proliferation and growth was determined, and these shoots were transferred onto medium with different auxin hormones for rooting. Conclusion : After seven to ten days of culture, shoots began to emerge from axillary buds. They showed a vigorous growth and elongation in multiplication medium. During culture period, in vitro cultured plantlets showed significantly different responses to the respective medium with different plant growth regulators. Our experiments confirmed that in vitro growth and multiplication of palntlets could depend on its reaction to the different medium composition, and this micropropagation techniques could be a useful system for healthy and vigorous plant production.