In Korea more than 38,000 types of hazardous material(HAZMAT) are distributed, accordingly the accidents during transportation are also increasing. The agencies related to HAZMAT such as Environment Ministry, National Emergency Management Agency and National Police Agency have their own regulations. However, the classification criteria of HAZMAT are different to each other, which causes many problems in response to transportation accidents. In this study the classification standard of HAZMAT and the classification code using CAS number are suggested to manage HAZMAT efficiently. Through efficient management and standard classification of HAZMAT, the rapid and systematic response to transportation accidents related to HAZMAT is expected to be possible.

Risk Assessment, a basis of health and safety management system, is an calamity prevention activity which regularly measure the level of a risk to passively improve potential hazard. A problem, the assessment not being improved to be applied to the construction work site where requires diversity and complexity, causes the assessment to be inefficient to bring quality results. A study on the investigates and compares the surveyed degree of recognitions of workers who works in companies executing the risk assessment By the investigation and comparison, it is expected to bring the better solution for early and efficient application for those companies which are not taking the risk assessment.

This study aimed at evaluating current sanitation management performances in Korean-Food restaurants by their operation types and to develop sanitary training posters based on the risk factors, in an attempt to improve the level of sanitation management in Korean food service facilities. Eighteen Korean-food restaurants that are managed by franchisor, franchisees as well as self-managed with large-scale and small-scale restaurants in Seoul and Gyeonggi-Do, were evaluated by on-the-spot inspectors with an auditing tool consisting of three dimensions, nine categories and thirty four items. Data were analyzed using SPSS. The total score of each group showed that restaurants managed by franchisees ranked the highest (59 out of 100 points), while self-managed, small-scale restaurants ranked the lowest (44 out of 100 points). In the categorization of sanitation management compliance, the dimensions of food hygiene during production recorded the lowest compliance rate of 47.7% (22.89/48.0 points) followed by the dimension of environmental hygiene 59.3% (20.17/34.0 points) and personal hygiene 60.5% (10.89/18.0 points). This indicated the need for urgent improvement. The items which showed the lowest compliance rates were 'proper thawing of frozen foods' (0%), 'notifying and observing heating/reheating temperature' (6%), 'using of hand-washing facility and proper hand-washing' (33%), 'monitoring temperature of frozen-foods and cold-foods' (35%), and 'prevention of cross-contamination' (36%) among thirty four items. Self-managed, small-scale restaurants, in particular, needed to improve sanitary practices such as 'sanitation education for employee', 'verifying the employee health inspection reports', 'storing food on the shelves 15 cm distance away from the wall', 'suitability of ventilation capacity of hoods' and 'cleanliness of drainage'. On the basis of the findings of this study, we developed sanitary training posters, especially for small-scale restaurant operators. This could be an effective tool to educate food service employees on sanitary knowledge and principles and could be used to improve the existing sanitary conditions in Korean food service facilities.

When comparing the traditional financial risk measurements, Value at Risk(VaR) has its benefits for providing a single number that summarizes the overall market risk of the portfolio. Considering the fact that VaR measurement is standardized as a tool for international market risk measurement, back-testing the accuracy and performance of the VaR models plays a crucial role. In this sense, this paper proposes a way to validate the accuracy of the VaR models. Firstly, Bayes factor is used to assess statistical accuracy of the models. For the next step, loss function is applied to measure the differences between the realized and expected losses. Through the procedure, back-testing VaR models considering both frequency and magnitude of violations and comparing between the models can be achieved.

This research was peformed to investigate the anthropometric data, blood profiles, and nutrient intakes of elderly persons living in a rural area. The subjects were 67 undernourished people who participated in follow-up nutrition intervention programs for9 weeks. Anthropometric data showed that the mean heights and weights in the management group were 157.6 cm and 59.1 kg, respectively, for the males and 152.6 cm and 51.0 kg, respectively, for the females. The mean BMIs of the management group were 23.8 kg/m2 in the males and 22.4 kg/m2 in the females. The total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and albumin levels of the subjects were 181.7-191.4mg/dL, 48.3-53.0mg/dL, and 3.85-4.00g/dL, respectively. Energy, ash, P, Na, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, and niacin increased significantly after intervention for the management group. The mINQ, however, did not significantly increase after intervention. Also after intervention, there was no significant difference in mINQ between the management group and the comparison group. MAR (14) in the management group was significantly increased from 0.62±0.2 before intervention to 0.68±0.2 after intervention (p=0.022), and it was significantly different between the management group and the comparison group (p=0.017). MAR (8) in the management group was not significantly different (p=0.915) before and after intervention. However, MAR (8) between the management group and the comparison group did show a significant difference (p=0.031). MAR (3) in the management group was significantly increased from 0.48±0.2 before intervention to 0.55±0.2 after intervention (p=0.045), however, MAR (3) was not significantly different between the management group and the comparison group (p=0.093). For the probability of nutrient insufficiency, in the management group the probability of nutrient values below the EAR (except for Fe) decreased after intervention compared to before intervention. On the other hand, the probabilities of values above the RI, or EAR~RI, were increased

한국형 위험기반검사 프로그램을 석유화학공장에 적용하여 사업장의 안전관리 이행수준, 공정 위험도 등급 및 분포 및 설비의 손상메카니즘 분포를 산출하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 검사주기 변경으로 설비검사를 수행함으로써 배관의 안전성을 향상시키고, 검사비용을 절감할 수 있었다.

  The risk management is an organized method for identifying and measuring risk and for selecting, developing, and implementing options for the handling of risk. The risk management covers all programatic and technical factors which affect the system deve

Risk Management is an organized method for identifying and measuring risk and for selecting, developing, and implementing options for the handling of risk. The Risk management covers all programatic and technical factors which affect the system development performance, cost, and schedule. While technical issues are primary concern for systems engineering during a program, the three elements(performance, cost, and schedule) must be balanced for a successful risk management process and program. This paper describes the risk management process and intial results for the KSLV-I(Korea Space Launch Vehicle-I) program using computer-aided systems engineering tool, Cradle. The risk management process of KSLV-I program is similar to the general risk management process, but it has its own specific features to manage large-scale complex characteristics of KSLV-I program.

There are much dangerous machine in worksite. These make the rate of accidents increase. Specially, among them, the Press work has the highest rate of accidents. Therefore, it has been managed by Industrial safety-health law. It is very important to make a special study of work using the dangerous machine. In press work, it is also important to develop safety system program to improve productivity and work safely, In this reaserch, the safety management system is built for the work improvement of the Press. This paper showed method about dangerous machine.

The quantitative evaluation method of the safety management cost was suggested to prevent a gas accident as a major industrial accident. In a gas governor station, process risk assessments such as the fault tree analysis(FTA) and the consequence analysis were performed. Based on process risk assessments, potential accident costs were estimated and the cost-benefit analysis(CBA) was performed. From the cost-benefit analysis for five classification items of safety management cost, the order of the cost/benefit ratio was estimated.

According to International Maritime Organization. more than 50% of cargoes transported by sea today can be regarded as dangerous or hazardous ones, mainly consisting of chemical cargoes in bulk, likely solid or liquid and other materials, such as gases and products for and of the oil refinery industry. 46% of total cargoes handled in ports of Korea in 1999. is said to be dangerous cargoes. These dangerous and hazardous cargoes are quite within a high realms of possibility of accidents, likely to be grave disaster. This paper reviews current risk management system for the dangerous and hazardous cargoes sea-transportation, mainly focusing on the prevailing regal regimes in both USA and Korea. And it aims to suggest some points for advancing the existing Korean system.

본 연구에서는 기업특성변수와 환위험관리 행태가 기업성과에 미치는 영향에 대해 실증분석을 실시해 보았다. 분석 결과, 외화부채비율, 수출비중과 같은 기업특성변수는 국내기업의 회계적인 외환손익에 주요한 영향을 미치는 반면, 전반적인 환위험 인식 수준, 포지션 파악의 정확도, 환위험관리 기법수와 같은 환위험관리 행태 변수는 총자산성장률, 총자산수익률과 같은 기업성과에 유의적인 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 환위험관리 수준이 높을수륵 기업성과가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 환위험관리가 현금흐름의 변동성을 감소시켜 기업가치를 증대시키며, 따라서 기업가치를 증대시키기 위해서는 보다 적극적으로 환위험을 ?징할 필요가 있다는 선행연구와 일치하는 것이다. 이에, 앞으로 한국기업은 환위험에 대한 인식 수준을 제고하고, 외환 포지션을 정확하게 파악하기 위해 노력하여야 할 것이며, 이를 기초로 다양한 기법을 활용하여 환위험을 적절히 관리하여야 할 것이다. 아울러, 정부와 학계는 환위험관리 기법에 관한 홍보와 교육을 강화하고, 환위험관리 기법을 제공할 수 있는 외환 ·금융시장의 국제화, 선진화를 위한 노력을 경주하여야 할 것이다.

부산항 ‘A’ 터미널에서 발생한 지난 3년간의 사고 데이터를 분석하여 어떤 장비가 가장 많이 사고를 발생하였고 어떤 위험점이 가장 높은지를 위험성 평가기법으로 알아보고, 이러한 사고를 미연에 방지하기 위한 방안을 보우타이 기법을 활용하여 제시하고자 한다. 실증자 료를 분석한 결과 터미널 내의 이동장비 중 야드 트랙터의 충돌사고가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 안전한 부산항을 만들기 위하여 우리는 가장 먼저 야드 트랙터의 충돌사고 예방법 (Control measure)과 사고 발생 시 대처방안 (Recovery measure)을 철저히 준비하여 사고를 미연 에 방지하여야 할 것이다. 본 연구의 결과는 관련 실무에 다양한 시사점을 제공하였다.

용수공급시스템은 용수를 안정적으로 확보하여 사용자의 수요량을 충족시키는 것을 목표로 하지만, 평년보다 적은 유입량으로 인해 정상공급에 실패하는 경우가 발생한다. 그러나 강수의 부족으로 발생하는 가뭄 상황이 언제나 용수공급 실패를 유발하는 것은 아니기 때문에, 용수공급에 대한 안전도를 산정할 때 실질적인 용수 부족 사상의 특성을 고려할 필요가 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 이수안전도 평가 지표로 주로 사용되는 신뢰도와 취약도를 이용하여 결합 가뭄관리지수(JDMI)를 개발하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 미래 용수공급 위험도를 산정하였다. 미래에 대한 분석을 위해 RCP 4.5 및 8.5 시나리오에 대하여 GCM으로부터 생산된 기후변화 시나리오 자료를 적용하고 미래 기간을 21세기 전기, 중기, 및 후기로 구분하였다. JDMI를 기반으로 낙동강 유역의 용수공급 위험도를 분석한 결과 RCP 4.5 시나리오에서 RCP 8.5 시나리오보다 위험도가 더 높은 것으로 분 석되었다. 용수공급 취약지역은 RCP 4.5에서는 남강댐(W18)으로 나타났으며, RCP 8.5에서는 형산강(W23)과 낙동강남해(W33) 유역으로 분석되었다.