Consumer's perceptions of the quality of food and food-related servcie were surveyed through questionnaires by 672 adults randomly selected from 20 industrial foodservice in Pusan Kyeung Nam area. Data from consumers were analyzed by using SPSSPC+ program in terms of 2-test, oneway ANOVA, t-test. The results are as follows: 1) Among the food characteristics, the mean rating for temperature of food was 3.18 over 5, for quality of food vs. food price 2.97, for fresshness 2.96, for taste 2.86, and for combination of colors 2.73; 2) In the food-related service, the mean rating was 3.20 for cleanliness of dishes, 3.18 for quality of dishes, 3.01 for varity of food items, 2.95 for courtesy of employees, and 2.57 for availability of favorite food. 3) Self-operated foodservice showed higher mean ratings in nutrition of food, quality of food vs. food price, and availability of favorite food than does the contracted one. 4) The rice (85.0%) and the kimchi (81.4%) were right in amount, but the soup (42.5%) and the side dish (49.0%) were not enough. 5) In seasoning of food, 45.2% of the respondents agreed that the salty taste and the amount of MSG were just right. However, 38.0% and 37.9% of them responded that the salty tast was strong and the amount of MSG was much. 6) The respondents mostly required the improvement of the taste of side dish, nutrition of food, sanitation of food, and variety of menu items.

This study was undertaken to determine factors associated with infant feeding practices among highly educated Korean mothers living in Texas, USA and local populations. In both groups, infant's birth order, maternal age, prenatal education, husband's attitude, mother's attitude and infant's taking a bottle to bed were not associated with infant's feeding patterns significantly. However, there was a significant difference in initiating time for introduction of supplementary foods between Koreans and Americans. Thus Korean mothers introduced supplementary foods earlier than American counterparts. Furthermore the infant's feeding method among all participants affected the time for introducing supplementary foods significantly. Though attitude of Korean mothers toward breastfeeding was slightly more positive than that of American mothers, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in Koreans was much lower than that in Americans. It might be suggested that effective nutrition education program for Korean subjects should be developed to practice breastfeeding from positive attitude and knowledge. It might be also suggested that participation of prenatal nutrition education involving fathers should be encouraged for promotion of rates of initiation and duration of exclusive breastfeeding of mothers.

도시지역(대구, 구미, 영천, 창원)에 거주하는 직장남성 420명을 대상으로 식생활에 영향을 주는 요인들과 식습관에 대하여 조사하였다. 인구통계학적 변인들과 식습관의 관계에서 직업(p<0.001)과 연령(p<0.01)이 높은 유의성을 나타내었다. 전문직, 관리직, 판매직 등의 직업은 식습관이 "좋다"라는 반응이 많이 나타났으나 사무직에서 "나쁘다"라는 반응이 많이 나타났다. 연령에 있어서 청년층보다 장년층이 식습관에 대한 관심도가 높았으며 주거형태, 배우자의 직업 유무, 월수입도 상당한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 식생활 태도 및 건강상태를 나타내는 변인들과 식습관과의 연관성은 하루 평균 식사횟수, 평소 운동상태, 수면상태, 피로감과 생활리듬, 식사 후 소화상태, 건강상태 등에서 상호 높은 유의성(p<0.001)을 나타내어 식생활 태도와 건강상태가 식습관에 깊은 영향을 준다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

전국 6개 지역의 사과원에서 점박이응애를 채집하여, 15종의 살비제에 대한 성충과 알의 감수성을 비교하였다. 공시살비제에 대한 성충과 알의 약제감수성은 서로 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. 약제의 종류별 감수성은 지역에 따라 다향하게 나타났는데, 지역 계통별 살비제에 대한 저항성비가 20이상인 약제들을 성충과 알로 나누어 정리하며, 성충의 경우, 수원 계통은 azocyclotin, cyhexatin, fenbutatin-oxide에 대하여, 대전 계통은 dicofol, fenbutatin-oxide에 대하여, 청주 계통은 dicofol에 대하여, 진주 계통은 cyhexatin, dicofol, fenbutatin-oxide에 대하여 높은 저항성을 나타내었다. 알의 경우는 수원 계통은 bifenthrin, clofentezine, hexythiazox, tetradifon에 대하여, 군위, 청주, 광주 계통들은 bifenthrin에 대하여, 대전 계통은 amitraz, bifenthrin에 대하여, 진주 계통은 amitraz, bifenthrin, clofentezine, dicofol, tetradifon에 대하여 높은 저항성을 나타내었다. 그러나, abamectin, chlorfenson, fenpyroximate에 대한 약제감수성은 채집 지역에 관계없이 실내 감수성 계통과 차이가 없었다.

우리나라에서 분리된 곤충병원성선충들의 지역농림해충에 대한 병원성은 선충의 종류와 대상해충에 따라 차이가 있었다. 한림산 Steinemema sp.와 함양산 Heterorhabditis sp.를 배추좀나방유충 한마리당 3, 6, 12, 24마리 처리한 결과, 여과지상에서 각각 51.8%, 77.8%, 96.3%, 100%와 50.0%, 74.1%, 96.3%, 98.1%의 치사율을 얻었고, 케일잎에서는 44.4%, 63.0%, 76.1%, 94.5%와 79.7%, 81.6%, 94.4%, 100%의 치사율을 얻었다. 구당 (13,27)300,000마리 농도로 배추밭에 처리한 결과 14일후 한림산 Stemermema sp. 는 72.0%, 함양산 Heterorhabditis sp. 는 84.1%의 방제기를 보였다. 이화명나방유충은 높은 농도에서는 차이가 없었으나 50~200마리/ml의 낮은 농도에서는 함양산 Heterorhabditis sp.(47.3~100%)가 한림산 Stelnemema sp.(34.3~83.3%) 보다 효과적이었다. 밤바구미와 복숭아명나방유충에 대하여 유충 한 마리당 10, 20 마리의 산칭산 Stemernema sp. 와 함양산 Heterorhabditis sp. 를 처리하여서는 각각 50.0%와 80.0%와 90.0%, 70.0%와 90.0%, 90.0%와 100%의 치사율을 얻었다. 유충 한 마리당 10, 20 마리의 선충을 처리하였을때 노랑털알락나방유충은 포천산 Steinernema sp.에 대하여 매우 감수적이었으나(96.7%~100%) 동래산 Steinernema sp.에서는 낮은 치사율을 보였다.(63.3%~76.7%)

경기지역과 다른 지역에서 생산된 쌀의 米質의 차이를 규명하기 위하여 추청벼를 10분도로 도정한 후 형태학적, 지방, 단백질, 전분 등의 특성과 texture에 대하여 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 발의 千粒重, 粒長, 粒幅, 粒두께, 長幅比 및 색깔은 재배 토양에 따라서는 약간의 차이를 보였으나 경기지역과 다른 지역간에는 유의적인 차이가 인정되지 않았다. 지방 및 단백질의 함량에서도 재배토양에 따라서는 다소 차이가 인정되었으나 지역 간에는 유의적 차이가 거의 없었다. 무기질 함량은 magnessium과 calcium에서는 차이가 없었으나, phosphate, potassium 및 sodium은 경기지방에서 약 1% 정도의 약간 높은 유의차가 인정되었다. Amylose와 호화응집성, amylograph 특성 등은 재배토양에서 약간의 차이가 나타났으나, 지역간에는 유의차가 거의 없었다. Textrography특성에서는 경기지역에서 재배한 쌀이 약간 높았으나, 유의적인 차이는 인정되지 않았다.

The purposes of this study are to classify farm area and to develop farm system by region. The factor analysis was used as a main analysing tool to approach these purposes in this study. The farming of Kyung-Ju area in cropping sector is classified into 11 cropping systems. The distribution of specialized regions is very distinctive by the cropping systems. The specialized regions resulted from this analysis are different by factor. An efficient means to raise agricultural competitive power is to realize farm specialization by region according to productivity factor.

Apple is most favorable fruit in Korea, and apple farmland has been increased before and after the agreements of Uruguay Round and apple is considered as one of strategic agricultural goods. Especially expansion of apple farmland is concentrated in Kyungpook region because of the suitable climate and its market share is about 70 percents in 1992. But in tree age of apple, although newly and replanting area is increasing, the rate of old orchards is higher than that of other regions. In varieties of apple, it is concentrated in Fuji and is forecasted to increase in the future. The amount of apple production of Kyungpook region is 480 thousand tons, that is concentrated in Wui-sung, Young-ju and An-dong. The quantity of apple production per 10a. is 1,315kg, that is low level compared with that of America and Japan, and the gap of technology among farmers is heavily. The difficulties of apple farming in Kyungpook region are summarized as follows. first, the lack of mechanization and facilities due to the small scale of farmland, second, lack of rural labor force, third, concentration on Fuji apple varieties, fourth, low productivity of apple farming.

This study was undertaken to investigate college students' perception and preference of Korean traditional foods during November in 1994. 493 students in Taejon area were asked to fill out the questionaires. The collected data were analyzed by SAS package. The average height and weight were 173.04 cm, 64.46 kg for male and 161.73 cm, 49.33 kg for female. Students living their own home were 48.8% and self-lodging students were 30.2%. Male have a meal for hunger and female for pleasure (p<0.002). They choose their foods based on the taste (84.6%) and nutrition (8.2%). 85.5% of students prefer Korean traditional foods. Most students think that the Korean traditional foods should be succeeded and developed. However, they want the taste of Korean traditional foods to be changed for their preference. Kimch'i is the most favorate fermented foods. The fermented fish products and jang-atchi are the most unfavorate ones. They don't like too salty taste and strong smell of the Korean fermented foods.

This study was made in order to find out the relationship between the psychological soundness and the eating attitude influenced by eating disorder, and the summary of the results are as follows; 1. Almost all of the surveyed girls were in the criteria of standard weight, however they regard themselves more obese than what their actual body shape normally shows. It shows that they want a further slimmer body shape than the standard one (p=0.0000). 2. Tangable relationship was observed between such variables as her own acknowledged body type, eating attitude influenced by eating disorder and the psychological soundness. The more the girls think themselves slim the higher the score of eating attitude becomes (p=0.0000) and the lower the anxiety score becomes (p=0.0044). 3. Significant relationships was found between the obesity and the eating attitude influenced by eating disorder (p=0.0001). For the underweighted girls the high score of eating attitude influenced by eating disorder was observed, and it shows the increasing degree of eating disorder risk for them.

This nutritional survey was conducted from February 8 to March 10, 1994, in order to investigate the nutritional knowledge, food habits, nutritional attitude, food preferences and nutrient intakes of urban middle-aged women living in Daegu and Pohang district. The subjects of this survey were 164 urban middle-aged women living in Daegu and Pohang Area. The completely answered questionnaires were analyzed for nutritional knowledge, food habits, nutritional attitude, food preference and nutrient intakes of urban middle-aged women. The results obtained are summarized as follows: The subjects had a high level of perceived knowledge (82.9%), that is the knowledge that each subject believed she had, but the accuracy of the knowledge was only 66.1%. The average nutrition knowledge score was 8.26 out of possible 15 points, and food habit score was 5.50 out of 10 points. Most of the subjects belonged to 'Fair' or 'Good' food habit group, which is considered to be relatively good. With increasing age, the percentage of perceived knowledge, accuracy, and nutrition knowledge score were getting lower. But food habit score and nutritional attitude score were getting higher at 40's women than 30's women. The correlation between nutritional knowledge score and food habit score was low (r=0.0748). The correlation between nutritional attitude score and food habit score was low, too (r=-0.0653). Food preferences for kimchi, potato, cooked rice, beef, noodle, cabbage and milk were high. Average calorie and protein intake of the subjects were 1967.4±27.8 Kcal, 75.8±1.4 g respectively. Carbohydrate, protein and fat ratio on energy composition was 63.3%:15.5%:21.2%.

오대산 국립공원지역의 지형을 파악하기 위하여 1:50.000 지형도를 입력하여 100×100m 격자의 수치고도모델을 구축하였다. 오대산 국립공원 전체의 55%가 900m 이상인 고지로 되어 있고. 비로봉 자연보전지역은 90%가, l,100m 이상인 고산지역이다. 경사 20˚이상인 지역이 70% 정도로 험준한 산악지역이며, 경사향은 주로 동향과 서향으로 나타나고 있다.

대산공단과 군산공단의 대기오염에 의한 삼림피해현상을 연구하기 위하여 조사구를 각각 5개, 3개씩 설치하였다(1개 조사구 당 면적 500m2). 대산공단 삼림의 교목층 아교목층의 우점종은 소나무와 곰솔이었고 관목층에서는 진달래와 참나무류가 우점종이었다. 종다양도는 0.4859~0.9202 이었으며, 조사구간의 차이가 심하게 나타났다. 토양 pH는 4.67~5.12로 약산성이었다. 대산공단지역에서는 아직 대기오염에 의한 삼림의 피해가 심각하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 군산공단삼림의 교목층 및 아교목층의 우점종은 곰솔과 소나무이었다. 종다양도는 0.8115~l.0983이었고 오염원과 가까운 조사구가 가장 낮게 나타났다. 토양 pH는 4.32~4.76으로 강산성이었다. 군산공단의 오염원 인근삼림은 울산공단과 유사한 피해양상으로 심각한 피해를 받고 있었다.

In this survey, we investigated the way of thinking about meal management of housewives including the sincerity to meal preparation, the eating practices and cronic degenerative diseases related dietary behaviors, and studied the effects of above factors on the real food intakes. We also investigated the trends of health-foods and nutrient supplements usage. The results obtained from 506 housewives in Seoul were summarized as follows. Although our subjects prepared their meals habitually without special concern, they did not prefer the use of convenient foods. The food prefrence of housewivess who had more child and refered higher life status was similar with other family members. The dietary attitudes were good in large family, the higher income and the more child group. The highly educated group skipped breakfast more frequently. The mealmanagers with better education career and good living status considered for the restriction of salty foods, sweet foods, animal fats and pungent foods, and for the nutritionally balanced diet. The high income group showed great concerns about weight gain at meal times. The nutritional qualities expressed by the frequency of food group intakes were high in the better educated and living status groups, and their eating frequencies of animal protein foods and calcium sources were significantly high. Mealmanagers who had no job intaked vegetable oils through frying foods frequently. The use of health-foods and nutrient supplements was influenced by age, educational and economic level and self-estimated living status, but the trends in prevalence of both were not consistent. Health-foods were prefered by the groups of high educational career, affluent income and advanced living status, and low educational career, low income and low living status groups favored the nutrient supplements. The restrictive intake of animal fat and the use of health-food were positively correlated, which seemed that the subjects used health-foods as supplements in compensation for nutritional unbalance caused by the avoidance of animal protein foods.

This study was conducted for the purpose of practice of nutrition education and dietary intake for college students. This survey was carried out through a variety of questionnaires by the subjects which consist of 249 male and 208 female college students in Seoul area. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. 75% of the subjects lived in their own houses; the monthly personal expenses were 110~200 thousand wons. The appetite of the students who answered was normal in general. The pattern of dietary life shows that they take richer food at dinner than lunch and breakfast. 2. At school, 75% of students ate at the school cafeteria. Among several main dishes, rice was the most favorite food. Most of the subjects ate their lunch between 12 and 1 o'clock, and they spend approximately 11 to 15 minutes. Most of the students did not have lunch on time. The students ate lunch irregularly, because of the class schedule and poor appetite. 3. On weekends and vacations, 56% of the students ate lunch prepared by their mother at home. The two main reasons for skipping lunch during weekends and vacations were late breakfast and poor appetite. The frequency of eating out were 3~4 times per week, because of social life and convenience of meal. 4. The majority of college students asked for the improvement of meal quality and the choice of menu in school cafeteria.

This study aims 1) to estimate the form of living house of pre-urbanization of Inchon, and 2) to ensure originality of to be achieve urban plan and living space plan which is base on local character by 3) arranging changed character of living space through the urbanization sequence by invest of house in natural village at Pupyung. The character of arranging living space of house at Pupyung is placing Sarang-chae(husband's block of house) instead of making another Haenrang-chae (visitor's block of house) and Sarang-chae is attach importance to Man's living space but today, have disappearing the uses of Sarang-bang (husband's living space) because by Man lives An-bang(originally woman's space). The character of plan is arranging room in both side of Maru(wooden living floor) in spite of different structure, and the uses of plan or room is changing to fit to purpose of according to environment of living. Generally, the structure is made by natural stone and cubed column, and used smaller member cause by rare wood material.

The purpose of this study was to survey several aspects of food-related knowledge, attitude and behavior of college students. Seven hundred male and female students in Seoul and Kyunggi-do area were randomly selected. And self-administered questionnaires were used. It was consisted of weight concern, nutritional knowledge, meal frequency, preference of snacks and psychological aspects of eating behaviors. The results were as followes: 1. The 66.5% of males and 87.9% of females were concerned about weight control. While 42% of male respondents wanted weight gain and 43% weight loss, most of female respondents wanted to lose weight. 2. The score of nutritional knowledge of males was significantly lower than the score of females (p<0.01). 3. The meal frequency was 3.4 times a day for male students and 3.6 for female students. But males showed higher frequency rates in three regular meals and females showed higher rates in snacking. Both male and female students considered that supper was the most important meal of the day and skipped breakfast frequently. 4. Fruits, beverage and milk were favorite snacking items for college students. But there were some differences in selection of food items by snacking time. Carbonated drinks and coffee were frequently selected by morning male and female snackers. Noodles and cookies were preferred by males and cookies were preferred by females as afternoon snack. Fruits were most often preferred by both males and females in the evening. 5. Physical tiredness and/or psychological factors were observed to influence the amount of food intake. After increase of food intake, male students felt more comfortable than female students who were afraid of their weight gain.