In this study, Determine weight of damages, which were excerpt from analyzing inspection reports in Road Tunnel, using AHP technique. The result of weight of damages using AHP. is a slight difference from current weight one. So we need to think about this conclusion as new weight of damages in road tunnel.

장스팬 구조물은 사용하중 하에서 바닥진동 문제가 발생할 가능성이 크다. 따라서 구조물 바닥판의 진동성능을 향상시키기 위한 가장 일반적인 방법은 슬래브의 두께를 증가시키는 것이지만 기존의 구조시스템에서 슬래브의 두께를 증가시키면 슬래브 자중의 증가로 건축 물 전체의 효율성이 떨어지게 되는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 슬래브의 두께를 증가시키면서도 자중은 크게 증가하지 않는 바닥판 시스템으로 중 공슬래브에 관한 관심이 커지고 있는 상황이다. 이에 부력방지능력 및 시공성 향상을 위하여 데크플레이트와 경량성형재를 결합한 형태의 중 공슬래브를 개발하였고, 이 중공슬래브를 적용한 실물(mock-up) 건축물에 대한 사용성 검증을 위한 진동성능 평가를 수행하였다. 측정된 결과값을 분석한 결과, 일본건축학회의 “건축물의 진동에 관한 거주 성능 평가지침”에 의하면 1등급인 거실, 침실에 사용해도 될 수준 으로 평가되었다.

In this study, hydration heat, autogenous shrinkage and compressive strength of the specimens has been verified with moisture supply on the hardened cement paste depending upon the difference in moisture condition of the fine aggregates. The result showed that, autogenous shrinkage was significantly reduced and also the compressive strength was improved due to the continuous moisture supply regarding on fine aggregates.

In the current study, retarding type and standard type admixture design of concrete have been proposed to control the generation of hydration heat for foundation members that use high strengths concrete. Finite element analysis also has been conducted to understand the rational placing heights of concrete. In addition, real-size structures have experimented and their results were compared to the analytical results to evaluate the reducing effect of thermal stress . For a large 6.5 m×6.5 m×3.5 m member with retarding and standard type horizontal partition placement of concrete showed the manageable possibility of temperature difference within 25-degree Celcius between the middle and surface portion while the maximum temperature was 77-degree Celcius. Also, temperature cracking index from the finite element analysis appeared to be 1.49 that predicts no formation of cracking due to the effects of temperature. Finally, it appeared that horizontal partition placement of retarding and standard type concrete has the significant effect of reducing the thermal stress that generated by the hydration heat in the high strengths mass concrete.

최근 다양한 형태의 막구조물의 건설이 증가추세이지만 막구조물에 적합하지 않은 내화기준이 적용되어 활용성이 위축되고 있는 실정이다. 그렇기 때문에 막구조물의 건설 활성화에 맞추어서 이에 대한 내화기준의 제·개정이 필요한 상황이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 일반적 으로 많이 사용되는 막재료(ETFE, PVF, PTFE)를 선정하여 막구조물에 화재가 일어났을 때, 시간이 변화함에 따라 온도가 올라가는 막재료의 물리적인 특성 변화와 발열량과 막재료 설치높이와의 상관관계를 파악하여 막구조 내화기준에 기초 자료로 활용하고자 한다.

기존의 아케이드 게임은 오프라인 공간에서만 서비스를 제공 받을 수 있어 시장의 규모가 축 소된 상황이다. 본 논문은 기존의 아케이드 게임에 NFC 기술을 이용한 O2O 서비스를 제안한 다. 아케이드 게임기기에 NFC 태그를 설치하여 스마트폰의 NFC기능을 이용한 O2O서비스를 하면 유저들에게 결제의 편리함과 게임의 연속성을 제공할 수 있다. 또한 랭킹, 통계, 리플레이 를 제공하여 기존의 동네의 고수들을 지역기반의 스타로 만들 수 있고 팬클럽과 같은 커뮤니티 의 활성화가 가능할 것이다. 그리고 오프라인에서만 존재했던 오락실의 갤러리들이 O2O 서비 스를 통하여 온라인으로 확장될 수 있다. 지역기반의 스타와 온라인 갤러리들은 축소되고 있는 아케이드 게임 시장의 활성화와 아케이드 게임이 E-sports가 되는 것의 역할을 할 수 있을 것 이다. 본 논문에서는 아케이드 게임의 O2O 서비스를 구현하기 위한 서버 및 애플리케이션과 각 기능에 대한 기대효과에 대해 제시한다.

A study performs estimation of fatigue safety that is considering cross-sectional loss of cable by applying foreign regulatory review. Because of steel cable-stayed bridge cable`s corrosion which is occurred after construction completion more than 30 years. Analysis result, all cable members secure fatigue safety considering cross-sectional loss of cable.

This study is to compose the optimized membrane module process system to selectively separate and treat toxic gas emitted from the semiconductor process. To optimize the operation of membrane module process system to treat toxic gas, the inlet toxic gas toward the membrane module shall have equal flux and equal pressure. Therefore, if the inlet flux on the membrane may be equalized only with the adjustment of pipe diameter and arrangement without installation of devices such as flowmeter at the junction between distributing pipe and separation membrane, the pipe composition of membrane module process system may be optimized to reduce the cost as well. Here, the inlet gas pressure toward the membrane module shall be above 3 bar, and thus in this study, the system was established for gas to be compressed with the compressor to stably maintain the pressure at the inlet of membrane module. Accordingly, the flow and pressure of gas within the pipe from the compressor to the membrane module were evaluated through the numerical analysis to optimize the diameter and arrangement of pipe - eventually to be reflected on the on-site design. Based on the result of flow analysis, the 5,000 LPM fluoride gas separation system to be applied to the actual semiconductor process was established, and to confirm the separation and return efficiency of NF3, CF4, and SF6, in this study 1,000 ppm of highly concentrated NF3, CF4, and SF6 were injected into the system to check the rate of separation and return. The system was continuously operated for 300 hours, and in case of SF6 and CF4, on average of 93% or higher return rate and concentration ratio of 1 were maintained, while in case of NF3, on average of 90% or higher return rate and concentration ratio of 1 were maintained. Therefore, it was confirmed that the fluoride gas separation system may be applied as a low-energy consumption high-efficiency system for the electronic industry.

Increased total IgE and eosinophil count levels are thought to provoke the occurrence of urticaria. The purpose of this study is to measure serum total IgE levels, specific IgE sensitization rates, and blood eosinophil count and to investigate the relationship between those factors. Among children who visited the Department of Pediatrics at Chosun University Hospital from January 2011 to December 2013, we retrospectively analyzed 63 patients with acute urticaria. Positive rates of the total serum IgE level, specific IgE, and blood eosinophil count were analyzed in patients with acute urticaria. A total of 63 patients were included in the study and the rate of males to females was 1: 0.8. Mean age of patients was 6.41±4.97 years (range 0-17 years). Among the subjects, 42.9% of patients showed an elevated serum total IgE and 63.5% of patients showed at least more than one allergen-specific IgE by MAST (multiple allergosorbent test). The mean number of allergens detected in positive patients was 2.42±2.56/patient. The serum total IgE and allergen specific IgE showed significant positive correlation (OR = 0.290, p=0.02). This study is meaningful as it revealed a positive correlation between serum total IgE and allergen specific IgE in urticaria patients.

In this research, chemical vapor deposition equipment built in the semiconductor·CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition)process was introduced. Through polysulfone hollow fiber membranes under similar conditions to those of the actualprocess, conditions such as flow and pressure were used to observe the influence in order to separate and collect the SF6and CF4 substances. Results showed that as the retentate flow rate of the discharge unit increased and the residence timeto penetrate the membrane decreased, the emission concentration increased. As the pressure of the discharge unit increasedand the exhaust flow decreased, when the retentate flow rate was 10L/min, CF4 was shown to have a density of 4,963ppm, and it was 4,028ppm for SF6 the gas mixture had a concentration effect of three to four ratio. In addition, throughthe separation factor of fluorinated gases that arise in the actual process, the collection and concentration of SF6 and CF4were possible each gas’s recovery rate was higher than 99%.

The suspension bridge’s main cable requires regular checks for the decrease on the axial forces of the cable band bolts. In this paper, basic concepts are presented for the approach on the management of cable band bolts in suspension bridges. In additions, the reasons for the decrease of axial forces are investigated with various aspects and some measurement methods for the axial forces are presented as well.

This research was conducted to configure an optimal membrane module system that would selectively separatehazardous gases which are emitted during the processes in the semiconductor industry. In order to identify the most integralcharacteristic results, a numerical analysis formula which incorporates the dimensions of pipe diameter and gas flow ratewas utilized. Based on the results of the numerical analysis formula, a prototype designed with the main pipe being 100Awith gas outlets made with identical diameter thickness to the main pipe, set at equal intervals, was built. When the gasflow rate is set at 100L/min, although the processing outlets 1, 2, and 3 showed 0.03m/sec deviations in the rate ofspeed, when considering the variables of the average flow rate, the same emission rates are noted. However, in the instanceof when the overall prototype pipe dimensions was enlarged to 200A and the gas flow rate was increased to 500L/min,there was better stabilization. Therefore concluding that as the pressure rates flowing in the main pipe increases, morestable characteristics at the gas outlets can be found.

본 연구는 내러티브가 유아교육에서 어떤 시사점을 주는지를 논의하는데 목적을 두었다. 논의를 위해 우선 내러티브의 개념과 가치를 정리하였으며 이를 바탕으로 개인적 의미 표상 차원, 공동의 의미 구성 차원, 그리고 유아교수접근방법 차원에서 내러티브의 유아교육적 함의를 논하였다. 개인적 의미 표상 차원에서 내러티브는 유아의 자아 구성과 관련이 있으며, 부모 또는 교사가 유아의 일상적 경험에 대해 대화하는 것이 관건이라는 점을 논하였다. 공동의 의미 구성 차원에서는 교사 또는 유아 또래간의 상호작용적 내러티브 대화의 중요성을 논하였다. 유아들은 함께 놀이하는 과정에서 놀이 내러티브를 통해 일상적 생활 경험이야기, 상상적 이야기를 만들고 재현한다. 또한 유아들의 상호작용적 내러티브 대화에는 세계에 대한 추론 과정이 드러난다. 이는 유아교사가 유아들을 이해하고 학습자의 특성을 파악하는데 큰 시사점을 준다. 내러티브의 유아교수접근적 함의로는 유아교육이 지향하는 통합교육과정과 일맥상통하는 점을 논하였다. 내러티브는 통합교육과정의 틀로서, 교육내용 또는 문화 콘텐츠로서, 교수-학습의 방식으로서 활용될 수 있다. 따라서 유아교사는 내러티브의 중요성을 인식하고 통합교육과정의 실천 과정에서 특히 유아들이 만드는 내러티브에 관심을 기울일 것을 강조하였다.

Syncope is a common symptom, with 15% to 25% of children and adolescents experiencing at least one syncopal episode by young adulthood. In most cases, syncope is a symptom of benign diseases however may be a symptom of severe cardiac disease that results in sudden death. The purpose of this study is to analyze the etiologies and clinical characteristics of syncope in children and adolescents. We retroprospectively analyzed 51 patients with syncope. A total of 51 patients were included in the study and the ratio of males to female was 1: 1.04. The mean patient age was 12.7±3.1 years. Abrupt standing was the most common state of patients with syncopal attack. The etiologies of syncope were noncardiac syncope (60.7%), cardiac syncope (2%), neuropsychiatric syncope (25.5%), and unknown (11.8%). Abnormality of the head-up tilt test was more common in noncardiac syncope than the others [38.7% (12/31) vs 5% (1/20) (p=0.007)]. Further, EEG is a useful diagnostic test for neuropychiatric syncope [41.6% (5/12) vs 2.7% (1/36) (p=0.002)]. Therefore, detailed history taking and physical examinations were useful tools to diagnose the etiology of sycope. The head-up tilt test is an effective diagnostic test in noncardiac syncope and EEG is a valuable test in neuropychiatric syncope, especially in seizure.

본 연구는 유치원 교사의 창의성과 자아상태가 어떤 관계가 있는지를 알아보는 데 목적이 있다. 이 목적을 달성하기 위하여 전국의 공사립 유치원 교원 300명을 대상으로 질문지를 통하여 교사의 창의성과 자아상태에 관한 자료를 수집하였다. 연구 결과, 유치원 교사의 창의성과 자아상태는 대체로 정적 상관 관계가 있으며 순응적인 아동자아상태는 부적 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 유치원 교사의 자유로운 아동자아상태는 교사 창의성의 하위요인들을 가장 많이 설명하는 영향력을 지닌 것으로 나타났다. 유치원 교사의 창의성 하위 요인과 자아상태간의 상관을 알아 본 결과 다음과 같이 결론을 내릴 수 있었다. 첫째, 유치원 교사의 자유로운 아동자아상태(FC)는 유치원 교사의 창의성에 가장 많은 영향을 미친다. 둘째, 유치원 교사의 순응적인 아동자아상태(AC)는 유치원 교사의 창의성에 부적인 영향을 미친다. 셋째, 유치원 교사의 성인자아상태(A)는 유치원 교사의 창의성에 상당한 영향을 미친다. 넷째, 유치원 교사의 양육적인 부모자아상태(NP)는 유치원 교사의 창의성에 비교적 영향을 미친다. 다섯째, 유치원 교사의 비판적인 부모자아상태(CP)는 유치원 교사의 창의성에 영향을 미치지 않는다.

This study is to invest safety against the local corrosion of steel pylon in the Dolsan bridge(Cable-stayed type). For the investigation, visual inspection, non-destructive testing using the high resolution camera and ultrasonic thickness gauge with the structural analysis were completed. In the result of the safety check, no problem of steel pylon is detected. Cause of corrosion is damage on steel surface during early stage of the construction.

Of the 6 most abundantly recognized Greenhouse Gases, SF6 (Sulfur Hexafluoride) is one of the most potentially consequential gases to Global Warming. The permeation characteristics of fluorinated gases N2 and SF6 used in the semiconductor processes were examined by study through the processes that occur during the Hollow Fiber Membrane Separation Technology. The developed module had a permeance of 8.83 ~ 17.40 GPU for N2 with N2/SF6 selectivity of 8.64 ~ 40.80 at various pressure and temperature. The SF6 isolation results showed the variables increased SF6 concentration levels of 13% ~ 63%, with a yield increase of 50% ~ 96%. These results are proven to be well utilized in the semiconductor manufacturing processes in the recovery of SF6 through the Hollow Fiber Membrane Separation Technology.

본 연구는 대상자의 표본수가 적고 단일 사례연구로서 대조집단을 두지 못하였기에 연구의 효과성을 일반화하기에는 무리가 있으나, 원예활동이 농촌아동의 자아존중감에 미치는 영향을 검증한 결과 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 이는 원예활동을 통해 식물을 심어 가꾸어 자신감을 가지고, 창의적으로 표현함으로써 자아 존중감을 향상시키는데 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다.