야생동물 이동을 위해 설치된 '생태통로'를 야생조류가 선택적으로 이용하는지 알아보기 위하여 서울시 호암1터널, 까치산근린공원, 덕릉고개 등 육교형 생태통로에서 '생태통로'와 '주변도로'를 이동하는 야생조류를 2006년 6월부터 9월까지 총 9회에 걸쳐 조사하였다. 3개 지역 중 까치산 근린공원, 덕릉고개 등 능선에 위치한 생태통로에서 야생조류는 생태통로를 선택적으로 이용하지 않았으나, 사면에 위치한 호암1터널에서 야생조류는 생태통로를 유의하게 높게 이용하였다. 생태통로의 폭이 90m 이상이거나 사면에 위치할 경우, 야생조류의 이동에 유리한 것으로 판단된다. 생태통로를 이용한 야생조류의 종 구성 측면에서, 관목층 둥지 조류는 2m 이하의 관목층 엽층량과 상관성이 있었고, 수관층 둥지 조류는 7~8m 엽층량과 상관성이 높았다. 야생조류 이동을 위한 생태통로는 대상지 입지 여건에 따라 목표종을 선정해야 하지만, 서울시의 경우 붉은머리오목눈이 등 관목층 조류를 대상종으로 선정하고, 다양한 야생조류의 이동을 위해서는 사면지역에 약 1ha 크기(폭 90m 이상) 생태통로에 2m 이하의 관목층과 8m 이상의 수관층 피도량을 높여주는 산림환경구조를 조성해주는 것이 바람직한 것으로 판단된다.

해상풍력발전단지 발전량의 보다 정확한 예측을 위해 발전단지 예정지 인근에서 측정된 풍속데이터가 반드시 필요하다. 풍속데이터 확보를 위해서는 해상기상탑을 설치하는 방법과 인근 해안가나 섬에 풍속계측타워를 설치하는 방법이 있다. 본 연구에서는 인근 섬에서 측정한 풍속데이터와 WAsP 방법을 이용하여 해상풍력발전단지의 발전량을 예측할 경우에 섬의 지형 및 지면조도의 변화에 따른 발전량 예측값의 민감도를 분석하여 섬의 형상의 불확실성이 발전량 예측에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 파악하였다. 계측타워의 풍속측정 높이가 높아질수록 섬의 지형 모델링 오차가 발전량 예측에 미치는 영향이 작아졌으며, 섬의 지면조도 변화에 따른 발전량 변동은 미미한 것으로 나타났다.

An entomopathogenic bacterium, Photorhabdus temperata ssp. temperata (Ptt), suppresses insect immune responses and facilitates its symbiotic nematode development in target insects. The immunosuppressive activity of Ptt enhances pathogenicity of various microbial pesticides including Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). This study was performed to select a cheap and efficient bacterial culture medium for large scale culturing of the bacteria. Relatively cheap industrial bacterial culture media (MY and M2) were compared to two research media, Luria-Bertani (LB) and tryptic soy broth (TSB). In all tested media, a constant initial population of Ptt multiplied and reached a stationary phase at 48 h. However, more bacterial colony densities were detected in LB and TSB at the stationary phase compared to two industrial media. All bacterial culture broth gave significant synergism to Bt pathogenicity against third instars of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. Production of bacterial metabolites extracted by either hexane or ethyl acetate did not show any significant difference in total mass among four culture media. Reverse phase HPLC separated the four bacterial metabolites, which were not much different in quantities among four bacterial culture broths. This study suggests that two industrial bacterial culture media can be used to economically culture Ptt in a large scale.

In this study, we fabricated a polymer light emitting diode (PLED) and investigated its electrical and optical characteristics in order to examine the effects of the PFO [poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-2-7-diyl) end capped with N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)-4-aniline] concentrations in the emission layer (EML). The PFO polymer was dissolved in toluene ranging from 0.2 to 1.2 wt%, and then spin-coated. To verify the influence of the TPBI [2,2',2"-(1,3,5-Benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1-H-benzimidazole)]electron transport layer, TPBI small molecules were deposited by thermal evaporation. The current density, luminance, wavelength and current efficiency characteristics of the prepared PLED devices with and without TPBI layer at various PFO concentrations were measured and compared. The luminance and current efficiency of the PLED devices without TPBI layer were increased, from 117 to 553 cd/m2 and from 0.015 to 0.110 cd/A, as the PFO concentration increased from 0.2 to 1.0 wt%. For the PLED devices with TPBI layer, the luminance and current efficiency were 1724 cd/m2 and 0.501 cd/A at 1.0 wt% PFO concentration. The CIE color coordinators of the PLED device with TPBI layer at 1.0 wt% PFO concentration showed a more pure blue color compared with the one without TPBI, and the CIE values varied from (x, y) = (0.21, 0.23) to (x, y) = (0.16, 0.11).

The purpose of this study is to trace Yeats’s efforts toward an ultimate reconciliation of the contrary forces of human experience as they are reflected in his later poetry written Beyond Byzantium, and to explore the relationship between existential awareness and artistic vitality. Though Yeats reached Byzantium in 1927, from The Wanderings of Oisin to “Byzantium” he yearned for stasis and release, and thus sought the solace to be found in never-never lands ranging from the woods of Arcady and Tir-nan-Oge to the golden boughs of Byzantium. Yet a disquieted romantic and an unaccommodated man, he returned to the living world of unfinished men and the dross of their mortal pain. The world of the “dying generations,” for all its corruption and impermanence, is the place where Yeats, after much sailing, finally dropped anchor. Yeats ran his course between the extremities implicit in “Perfection of the life, or of the work,” and by the end of his career he took his stand with the claims of his art and the passions that make it possible. “Tragic Gaiety,” the hero’s rising above evil fortune and circumstance, is at once the matrix and the pinnacle of his final, transforming vision, and Yeats’s most significant legacy to our “tired” and “hysterical” age. Thus Yeats’s great achievement lies in his exposition of the artist’s will to transcend phenomenal limitations, and in the symbolic identification of creator and created. “Bitter and Gay,” the dominant notes of most of the poetry of Yeats’s last years, lay the tragic scene beyond Byzantium, and it was there that he finally reached a reconciliation with “Time.” Not transcendence, however, but the simple triumph of trying to be a total man was Yeats’s final accomplishment. After all the anguish and the judgements, at the close of his life he repented nothing, and could cry “Rejoice” because it is only through the despair born of tragedy that we can achieve true gaiety and unity in empathy with humanity. That was the joyful voice of a man who knew how to create out of destruction. This wholeness of vision which Yeats finally attained is the prime concern of this study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the microbiological characteristics and antioxidant activity of tomato sauce in terms of the variety of herbs that have been widely used in Western cuisine. As storage time increases, the number of total microbes changes, but the bacteria count was in the range of 1.0×101-2.1×102, which did not increase much over 60 days of storage. The reason seems to be that the amount of heat treatment undergone by this type of sauce type, and its acidity make for difficult conditions for microbes to live. Yeast and mold measurements showed that yeast and mold were not detected for up to 30 days of storage in the tomato sauce with various types and amounts of added herbs. After 45 and 60 days, the yeast and mold count was in the range of 1.0×101-8.5×101, and the same in the control. Measurements of phenolic compounds in 60 days of storage showed that tomato sauce with different types and amounts of added herbs had the lowest amounts relative to the control for all storage periods. The more herbs that were added, the higher the phenolic compounds resulted. As storage times increase, the phenolic compounds showed a tendency to decline. The DPPH radical scavenging effects of the tomato sauce herbs added showed a tendency to increase antioxidant activity when more herbs were added. The microbiology results of the storage test of tomato sauce with added herbs showed that the amount of microorganisms in tomato sauce with added herbs did not increase much in 60 days of storage at 4oC. The amount of microorganisms was small, so tomato sauce with added herbs can be used for 2 months with refrigeration.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics of tomato sauce, which is widely used in Western cuisine, according to tomato variety. The plum tomato sauce treatment had the highest pH at 4.13 while sauces made with Seo gwang and Young gwang tomatoes exhibited the lowest pH level of 4.07 (p〈0.05). Sweetness was highest in the plum tomato sauce at 9.80˚Brix. This might have been due to the fact that the plum tomato variety was the sweetest among the different tomatoes. There were no significant differences among the treatments in terms of reducing sugars, salinity, or viscosity. A color difference analysis indicated that redness (a-value) was highest in the plum tomato sauce, which contained a high level of lycopene. Sensory evaluations were performed by 15 professional panelists with scoring tests for color, flavor, taste, aftertaste, viscosity, and overall acceptability. The plum tomato sauce received the best scores in every evaluation, except for viscosity. These comparative results will support the development of better quality tomato sauce using plum tomatoes.

지반-말뚝-구조의 상호작용을 정밀하게 해석하기 위해서는 토층, 말뚝 그리고 구조물의 적절한 묘사가 필요하다. 일반적으로 사용하는 유한요소해석의 경우에는 지반이나 구조물의 물성이 바뀌는 경계를 따라서 요소의 경계가 정해지게 된다. 그러나 실제로는 토층 단면과 말뚝의 형상이 매우 복잡하여 요소의 배열이 매우 어려운 작업이 될 수 있다. 이 어려움을 해결하기 위하여, 이 논문에서는 불연속선의 위치에 관계없이 규칙적인 요소를 사용하여 쉽게 적분을 가능하게 하는 다른 적분 방법을 채택하였다. 이 방법을 적용함으로 써 요소는 매우 빠르고 규칙적인 강성 매트릭스를 만든다. 구조물 응답에 대한 토층과 말뚝의 영향을 조사하였고, 예를 통하여 본 방법의 유효성을 보였다. 탄성 말뚝의 사용으로 20% 대의 가속도 감소 효과를 얻었고 지반 층의 모양에 따라 그 영향이 변하는 것을 확인하였다.

This study is about the development of information system software process quality evaluation model for domestic medium enterprises based on CMMI being used widely in the world. In this study, a new evaluation model is developed through establishing tailoring guide and its application to the existing mode by reflecting the quality management method and conditions of domestic medium enterprises within CMMI Level 2 and Level 3. The evaluation model is constituted 3 processes, 11 achievement goals, 50 practice activities and 125 evaluation items. The average point of quality evaluation of enterprises of insurance business shows 79.1 based on the evaluation model. The average point of the enterprises certified from CMMI is 82.7 which is 3.3 point higher than non-certified enterprises. This result means that the new evaluation model has similar results with the existing evaluation model while it also has discriminational characteristics compared with the existing model.

최근 미디어 아티스트 사이에서 작가가 예술을 창의적으로 표현하기 위해 로봇을 사용하는 경우가 빈번하게 일어나고 있다. 이러한 기기를 사용하기 위해서는 공학적 지식을 필수적으로 가져야 하지만, 예술가 혼자서 역할 수행 로봇을 제작하고 제어하기란 쉽지 않다. 따라서 공학적 지식이 없는 예술가는 현실 세계에서 실제로 작동하는 로봇을 이용한 작품을 만들기 위해, 공학적 지식을 갖춘 사람을 기술 파트너로 두고 함께 작업을 하는 경우가 많다. 하지만 예술적인 감각을 표현하는 목표를 가진 프로젝트의 경우 예술가의 발상을 충분히 반영할 수 있고 또한 공학적인 구현과정의 의의와 예술적 창의성의 두 가지 목표에 모두 만족할 수 있는 구현 환경을 제안하는 것은 결코 쉬운 일이 아니다. 본 연구는 예술과 공학의 공통된 영역에서 이해하기 쉽고 편리한 그리고 구현의 용이성을 만족하는 심미적 적용을 위한 프로토타입 로봇 제작 환경을 제안한다.

In order to develop the substitutive materials for natural baits of swimming crab pots, the attracting effects of swimming crab such as the preference of baits which were made of the by-products of marine and stock raising through the water tank experiments and fishing experiments. On the investigation of mean entrapped catch number to the pot by the baits after putting the 4 kinds of baits, mackerel(M), mackerel with grinded mackerel s internals(MMI), mackerel with tuna s internalsMMI) and makerel with grinded krill(MK) each in one pot by turns, MMI and MK were entrapped mean 3.9(13.0%) and they were a little more comparing to M, and MTI is least with mean 2.1(7.0%)(F=12.913, P 〈 0.05). Otherwise, on the preference investigation of swimming crabs by the baits after putting the 4 kinds of baits in the 4 pots each, M was entrapped mean 3.0(10%), but MMI, MTI and MK were mean 1.2(4.0%), 1.0(3.3%) and 1.5(5.0%) each and they were only 30-50% of M(F=13.398, P 〈 0.05). On the preference investigation of swimming crabs by the 5 kinds of baits, mackerel(M), and krill(K), manila clam(MC), pig s fat(PF) and chicken s head(CH) which were used in substitutive baits, M was entrapped mean 3.2(10.7%), but K was about 50% of catch of M with mean 1.6(5.3%), and MC, PF and CH were very few with mean 0.1-0.2(0.3-0.7%)(F=89.186, P 〈 0.05). On the preference investigation of swimming crabs by the pots which were put each the 3 kinds of baits, original krill(K), grinded krill with gluten and soybean oil cake(KGGS) and grinded krill with gluten, soybean oil cake and glycine(KGGSGL) in the blue fluorescent hexahedral plastic bait cages(BF), and which were put the mackerel(M) in the non-fluorescent hexahedral red plastic bait cage(RFN), it was entrapped mean 3.0(10.0%) in the pot which was put the mackerel in the RFN, and the same level in the pots which were put the K and KGGSGL in the BF, but it was mean 2.0(6.7%) in the pots which was put the KGGS in BF and it was decreased by 30% of catch comparing to RFN(F=3.750, P 〈 0.05). On the preference investigation of swimming crab by the pots which was put grinded tuna with gluten, soybean oil cake and glycine(TIGSGL) in the blue fluorescent hexahedral plastic bait cage(BF), and which was put mackerel(M) in the nonfluorescent hexahedral red plastic bait cage(RFN), it was entrapped mean 3.3(11.0%) in the pot which was put mackerel in RFN, and mean 2.7(9.0%) in the pot which was put TIGSGL in BF and it was about 15% less comparing to use bait M(t=1.387, P 〈 0.05). As a results of fishing experiments, a plan for enhancing catching efficiency of TIGSGL will be required because catching efficiency of TIGSGL, alternative bait, was half of fish catching efficiency of natural bait using mackerel. Fishing experiments were conducted 3 times using reinforced substitutive artificial bait that is reinforced attractive effect of TIGSGL and composed of tuna intestine, grinded mackerel, gluten, soybean cake, glycine and alanine(TIMGGSGLA). Catching efficiency of TIMGGSGLA was about 80% of that of natural bait made of mackerel.

In order to develop the substitutive materials for natural baits of swimming crab pots, the fluorescent characteristics of the baits were analyzed, and the preference of fluorescent dyes were investigated by the mean entrapped catch number to the pots through the water tank experiments and fishing experiments. On the investigation of fluorescent characteristics by the 5 kinds of baits, mackerel, krill, manila clam, pig's fat and chicken's head which were used in substitutive baits for test in the UV long wave(365nm) area, it showed clear blue fluorescence in the skin of mackerel, shell of krill, manila clam and bill of chicken's head, and green fluorescence in the mackerel s muscle and internals, and yellow fluorescence in the pig's fat and chicken's head. On the investigation of fluorescent characteristics by the bait cages in the UV short wave(254nm) and long wave(365nm) area, it showed each green, red and blue fluorescence in the cylinderical or hexahedral red plastic bait cages which were painted each green, red and blue fluorescence dyes, but it showed yellowish green flourescence in the cylinderical or hexahedral red plastic bait cage which was painted yellow fluorescent dye. On the preference investigation of the fluorescent dyes of swimming crabs by the 5 kinds of the bait cages which were put the mackerel in the non-fluorescent red plastic cage(RFN), red, yellow, green and blue fluorescent plastic cages(RF, YF, GF, BF) each, nonfluorescent red plastic cage(RFN) was entrapped mean 2.0(6.7%), but blue fluorescent plastic cage(BF) was mean 5.0(16.7%) and it was more 2.5 times comparing to RFN, and red fluorescent cage(RF) was same level and green fluorescent cage(GF) was 50% of catch number comparing to RFN, and yellow fluorescent cage(YF) was entrapped nothing(F 46.324, P 〈 0.05). On the investigation of the entrapped catch number to the pots which were put the mackerel in the blue fluorescent hexahedral plastic cage(HP) and blue fluorescent silicon mackerel model cage(SM), HP was mean 3.4(11.3%) and it was a little more comparing to SM which was entrapped mean 3.2(10.7%)(t 0.775, P 〉 0.05). Fishing experiments on the preference investigation of swimming crabs by the pots which were put in the non-fluorescent red plastic cage(RFN) and blue fluorescent plastic cage(BF) were conducted 3 times. Mean catching number and weight of RFN were 71.7 ind.(18.3%) and 16.9kg(64.3%), and those of BF were 93.0 ind.(23.1%) and 19.8kg(64.5%), respectively.

We have fabricated and evaluated newNew high high-efficiency green green-light light-emitting phosphorescent devices with an emission layer of [TCTA/TCTA1/3TAZ2/3/TAZ] : Ir(ppy)3 were fabricated and evaluated, and compared the electroluminescence characteristics of these devices were compared with the conventional phosphorescent devices with emission layers of (TCTA1/3TAZ2/3) : Ir(ppy)3 and (TCTA/TAZ) : Ir(ppy)3. The current density, luminance, and current efficiency of the a device with an emission layer of (80Å-TCTA/90˚Å-TCTA1/3TAZ2/3/130Å-TAZ) : 10%-Ir(ppy)3 were 95 mA/cm2, 25000 cd/m2, and 27 cd/A at an applied voltage of 10 V, respectively. The maximum current efficiency was 52 cd/A under the a luminance value of 400 cd/m2. The peak wavelength and FWHM (FWHM (full width at half maximum) in the electroluminescence spectral were 513 nm and 65 nm, respectively. The color coordinate was (0.30, 0.62) on the CIE (Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage) chart. Under the a luminance of 15000 cd/m2, the current efficiency of the a device with an emission layer of (80Å-TCTA/90Å-TCTA1/3TAZ2/3/130Å-TAZ) : 10%-Ir(ppy)3 was 34 cd/A, which has beenshowed an improvement of improved 1.7 and 1.4 times compared to those of the devices with emission layers of (300Å-TCTA1/3TAZ2/3) : 10%-Ir(ppy)3 and (100Å-TCTA/200Å-TAZ) : 10%-Ir(ppy)3, respectively.

Estimation of the gear shape and cross section of sweep at mouth of a bottom trawl net was described and applied to the field experiments obtained with the Scanmar system. The shape of the trawl net from wingend to the beginning of codend was assumed to be part of an elliptic cone of which the cross section was ellipse, and that of the float rope be of form yf=afxbf. In case of a bottom trawl with warp 180m long, the radius of ellipse, the cross section of sweep at mouth, the eccentricity of the ellipse, the inclination angle of float rope and the contribution of the side panel to net height were estimated in accordance with towing speed. The horizontal radius of the upper ellipse increased with increasing towing speed, the eccentricity of it became slightly bigger as increasing the towing speed which meant the shape of it being flat. And the inclination angle of the float rope was about between 7 and 12 degrees in case of the above bottom trawl.