본 실험에서는 Ti를 기반으로 한 평판 수소 분리막을 설계하여 제조하였다. 새로운 조성의 Ti를 베이스로 한 수소 분 리막을 찾기 위하여 여러 합금들의 물리화학적 특성과 수소투과도 사이의 상관관계에 대해 조사하였다. 이를 바탕으로 신조성의 합금막 2종(Ti14.2Zr66.4Ni12.6Cu6.8 (70 μm), Ti17.3Zr62.7Ni20 (80 μm))을 설계 및 제조하였다. 제조된 평판 수소 분리막은 300~500°C, 1~4 bar의 조건에서 혼합 가스(H2, N2), sweep 가스(Ar)를 이용하여 수소 투과 실험을 진행하였다. Ti14.2Zr66.4Ni12.6Cu6.8 합금 막은 500°C, 4bar에서 최대 16.35 mL/cm2min의 flux를 가지며, Ti17.3Zr62.7Ni20 합금막은 450°C, 4 bar에서 최대 10.28 mL/ cm2min의 flux를 가진다.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of odor reduction when spraying inside the Bio-curtain (hereinafter referred to as curtain) according to the exhaust fan operating rate. Spraying is a main factor affecting the ability to odor reduction of curtains. The curtain (total area: 37.9m3) was constructed with two layers of light-shielding screens stretched over a rectangular parallelepiped structure installed around an exhaust fan (630 mm) on the side wall of a pig barn. Air samples for odor analysis were collected from inside the pig barn and outside the curtain. The main odorous compounds such as volatile fatty acids, phenols, indoles, and ammonia were measured. The odor reduction effectiveness was evaluated by total odor activity values (TOAVs) summed to the odor activity values of each odorous compounds. Depending on the exhaust fan operating rate, the reduced rate of TOAVs gradually decreased to the range between 15.67% and 68.80%. Because the contact time between the spraying liquid and the air velocity of the exhaust fan becomes shorter (or there is a reduction in liquid to gas flow ratio) as the exhaust fan operating rate increases. The results of this study can be used as basic data for research into spraying conditions to improve the odor reduction effectiveness of curtains.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the in-depth experiences of participating in a parent education program at the H Science Institute and understand the meaning and essence of their experiences. Methods: This study employed qualitative content analysis. Data were collected from June 20 to 30, 2023. Participants were a total of 28 people who could provide detailed experiences of participation in the parent education program at the H Science Institute. Focus-group interviews were conducted with 28 participants. Results: The qualitative content analysis revealed six themes: “Exploring the genuine path to become a parent”, “Precious experiences acquired through education that is not easily accessible”, “Discovering the transformed self through education”, “I believe that there had been a change in family relationships”, “Improvements are required in a few contents”, and “I look forward to the program with more extended outreach”. Conclusion: Efforts are required to understand the current status of parent education, verify its empirical effectiveness, and provide parents with awareness of the necessity to observe and control their minds.

신뢰성 있는 토양의 이산요소모델을 개발하기 위해서는 토양의 특성을 고려하여 매개변수를 교정해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 이산요소모델을 구성하는 각 매개변수가 토양 입자의 거동에 미치는 영향을 분석하였고, 분석된 결과를 이용하여 토양의 이산요소모델을 개발하였다. 민감도 분석의 대상이 되는 매개변수는 전단 계수, 마찰 계수, 표면 에너지 등으로 선정하였으며, 교정의 기준이 되는 토양의 특성은 가비중, 안식각, 점착력 및 내부마찰각으로 선정하였다. 또한, 토성이 서로 다른 해안가, 논 및 밭을 구성하는 토양을 대상으로 연구를 수행하여 다양한 토성에 대한 적용성을 확인하였다. 결과적으로 본 연구에서 수행한 민감도 분석 결과를 이용하여 각 토양의 거동을 모사할 수 있는 이산요소모델을 교정하였으며, 시험 결과와의 비교를 통해 교정된 이산요소모델을 검증하였다.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the nutrition quotient and the dietary intake of adolescents. A total of 393 adolescents were surveyed to evaluate their Nutrition Quotient for Korean Adolescents (NQ-A) scores and dietary intake. The average age of the survey subjects was 15 years and the average NQ-A score of the subjects was 49.11±13.35. There was no significant difference in the NQ-A scores according to gender and age. The average dietary diversity score was 3.77±0.85, and it was significantly higher in boys than in girls (p< .05) with the scores of 12-14-year-old students being significantly higher than those aged 15-18 years (p< .01). The results of comparing the percentage of recommended intake or adequate intake and the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) according to the NQ-A grade, showed that the ‘High’ grade had a significantly higher intake percentage of vitamin B1, B12, folate, phosphorus, iron and a significantly higher MAR (p< .05). From a long-term perspective, efforts to improve dietary habits are deemed necessary to meet an individual’s nutritional requirements. Adolescents themselves should develop proper eating behaviors and acquire suitable dietary management skills to enhance their nutritional status, ultimately contributing to an improvement in their quality of life.

본 실험에서는 α-Al2O3 지지체에 무전해도금을 이용하여 Pd-Ag-Cu 분리막을 제조하였다. Pd, Ag, Cu는 각각 무 전해도금을 통해 지지체 표면에 코팅하였고, 합금의 형성을 위해 무전해도금 중간에 H2, 500°C의 조건에서 18 h 동안 열처리 를 진행하였다. 이를 통해 제조된 Pd-Ag-Cu 분리막은 SEM을 통해 표면을 관찰하였으며, Pd 분리막의 두께는 7.82 μm, Pd-Ag-Cu 분리막의 두께는 3.54 μm로 측정되었다. EDS와 XRD 분석을 통해 Pd-Ag-Cu 합금이 Pd-78%, Ag-8.81%, Cu-13.19%의 조성으로 형성된 것을 확인하였다. 기체투과 실험은 H2 단일가스와 H2/N2 혼합가스에서 실험을 진행하였다. H2 단일가스에서 측정한 수소 분리막의 최대 H2 flux는 Pd 분리막의 경우 450°C, 4 bar에서 74.16 ml/cm2·min이고, Pd-Ag-Cu 분리막의 경우 450°C, 4 bar에서 113.64 ml/cm2·min인 것을 확인하였고, H2/N2 혼합가스에서 측정한 separation factor의 경우 450°C, 4 bar에서 각각 2437, 11032의 separation factor가 측정되었다.

A checklist of dietary behavior items for the elderly was developed based on Korean dietary guidelines. First, a literature review was conducted, and 63 preliminary items, including 30 items on food intake, 12 on eating habits, and 21 on dietary culture, were obtained to evaluate the dietary guidelines. The preliminary items were evaluated by experts using Lawshe’s method to verify the content validity. They were then revised, resulting in 52 items: 25, 11, and 16 in the food intake, eating habits, and dietary culture domains, respectively. A face-to-face survey was conducted on 331 people over 65 years of age in the metropolitan area, and their one-day food intake was surveyed using a 24-hour recall method in August 2022. The 48 items, including 24, 11, and 13 items on food intake, eating habits, and dietary culture, respectively, correlated significantly with the evaluation indicators of nutrient intake, such as mean adequacy ratio, dietary diversity score, and nutrient intake density. These items were considered suitable for evaluating the elderly's compliance with dietary guidelines.

PURPOSES : In this study, an empirical approach was established to estimate the parameters of the resilient modulus based on various geotechnical properties of subgrade soils. METHODS : Multiple regression analyses were performed to analyze the relationship between resilient modulus (k1) and deformation. The most important factors are the #200 sieve passing ratio, moisture content, and dry unit weight of the soil. The applicability of this approach was verified using selected field data and the literature. RESULTS : The correlation between the results predicted using the prediction equation of the model constant (k1) and the actual k1-value was high. The applicability of the prediction equation was considered high owing to its high suitability with the existing data. The range of values obtained using the constant prediction equation of the proposed model was also judged to be reasonable. In the comparison of the CBR value of the subgrade material of the actual design section and the predicted elastic modulus (k1), almost no relationship was observed between the CBR and the model coefficient (k1). Thus, the estimation of the elastic modulus through CBR is likely to contain errors. CONCLUSIONS : Based on these results, the parameters of the universal model can be predicted using the stress-dependent modulus model proposed in this study.

2022년 1월부터 11월까지 부산지역에서 유통 중인 신선 농산물 210건을 대상으로 리스테리아균 분포 현황 및 병 원성 여부를 조사하였으며, 분리된 균주를 대상으로 혈청 형 및 유전자 지문분석을 통해 역학적 연관성을 확인하였 다. 조사 대상 신선농산물에서 총 40건의 리스테리아균이 검출되었으며, Listeria monocytogenes 등 4종의 리스테리 아균이 검출되었다. 이 중 L. innocua가 22건, L. monocytogenes 10건, L. grayi 6건, L. rocourtiae 2건으로 나타났으며, 이 중 식중독을 유발하는 L. monocytogenes균 은 팽이버섯에서만 검출되었다. L. monocytogenes의 병원 성을 유발하는 유전자인 iap, prfA, inlA, inlC, inlJ 및 hly 6종에 대한 분석 결과, 총 10개 균주 중 6개 균주에서 iap 등 6종의 병원성 유발 유전자가 검출되었으며, 4개 균주 에서 hly를 제외한 5종의 유전자가 검출되어 식중독 발생 잠재위험이 있음이 확인되었다. 지역 유통 식재료에 분포 하는 L. monocytogenes의 유전학적 유사도 및 오염원 추 이를 확인하기 위해 신선농산물에서 분리한 L. monocytogenes 10균주 및 2022년 부산지역 유통 가금류에 서 분리한 L. monocytogenes 2균주를 대상으로 혈청형 분 석 및 PFGE를 실시한 결과, 신선농산물 분리균주의 혈청 형은 1/2a 및 1/2b 두 가지 serotype으로 확인되었으며, 가 금류 분리균주는 모두 1/2a형으로 나타났다. 유전자지문 분석결과, 전체 균주의 유사도는 100-45.7%로 나타났고, 이 중 100% 상동성을 보인 균주들은 동일 생산농장 또는 동일지역 유래 팽이버섯에서 분리되어 오염원의 출처가 같음을 추측할 수 있었다. 신선농산물 분리균주와 유통 가금육 분리균주와의 유사도 확인 결과, 일부 팽이버섯 분 리균주와 가금육 분리균주의 유사도가 90.9-84.6%로 나타 났다. 농산물 및 축산물 생산시설간 오염원 이동 및 교차 가능성을 유추할 수 있었다.

In this study, the seasonal distribution was surveyed using acoustic in the coastal waters around nuclear power plants. Acoustic surveys were conducted in June, September, December 2022, and March 2023 in the coastal waters of Uljin-gun. According to the results of this study, zooplankton were distributed at the depths from 0 m to 50 m in the waters around nuclear power plants. Zooplankton appeared in summer (June), autumn (September), and spring (March). In the survey area, fish were distributed at the depths from 25 m to 190 m, appearing in the summer (June), autumn (September), winter (December) and spring (March). The SV of zooplankton appearing in the survey area ranged from -98.0 dB to -78.0 dB, and it exhibited a one-class in the frequency distribution of SV. The SV of fish appearing in the survey area ranged from -36.0 dB to -35.0 dB and -98.0 dB to -53.0 dB, and it exhibited two-class in the frequency distribution of SV.

Understanding the behavior of soil under cyclic loading conditions is essential for assessing its response to seismic events and potential liquefaction. This study investigates the effect of non-plastic fines content (FC) on excess pore pressure generation in medium-density sand-silt mixtures subjected to strain-controlled cyclic direct simple shear (CDSS) tests. The investigation is conducted by analyzing excess pore pressure (EPP) ratios and the number of cycles to liquefaction (Ncyc-liq) under varying shear strain levels and FC values. The study uses Jumunjin sand and silica silt with FC values ranging from 0% to 40% and shear strain levels of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, and 1.0%. The findings indicate that the EPP ratio increases rapidly during loading cycles, with higher shear strain levels generating more EPP and requiring fewer cycles to reach liquefaction. At 1.0% and 0.5% shear strain levels, FC has a limited effect on Ncyc-liq. However, at a lower shear strain level of 0.2%, increasing FC from 0 to 10% reduces Ncyc-liq from 42 to 27, and as FC increases further, Ncyc-liq also increases. In summary, this study provides valuable insights into the behavior of soil under cyclic loading conditions. It highlights the significance of shear strain levels and FC values in excess pore pressure generation and liquefaction susceptibility.

해양공간계획(Marine spatial planning)은 해양의 합리적인 이용과 지속 가능한 해양 공간 활용을 위한 중요한 요소이다. 특히 어업활동 보호구역은 지속 가능한 어업을 위한 핵심 용도구역으로, 해양공간계획 경계 내에서 약 45.6%를 차지한다. 그러나, 현재 어업활동보호구역의 지정 과 평가는 미래 수요와 잠재적 가치를 충분히 반영하지 못하고 있으며, 중장기 계획 수립을 위한 보다 합리적인 평가 방법과 예측 도구가 필요한 상황이다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해, 본 연구는 어업활동보호구역 내 주요 어종인 고등어, 갈치, 멸치, 참조기를 대상으로 어종 분포 예측을 시도하고, 현재 용도구역과의 비교를 통해 예측 도구의 가능성을 평가하였다. 한편, IPCC 6차 기후변화 시나리오(SSP1-2.6 및 SSP5-8.5)를 적용한 종분포 모델(MaxEnt)을 사용하여 미래 기후변화에 따른 어종의 이동 및 분포 변화를 분석한 결과, 고등어, 갈치, 참조기의 분포 면적은 현재보다 약 28~86% 증가했으나, 멸치의 분포 면적은 약 6~11% 감소했다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 주요 4종의 종풍부도 지도를 작성하였으며, 해양공간계획 경 계 내에서 ‘높음’으로 평가된 종풍부도 해역과 어업활동보호구역이 중복되는 비율은 약 15%, SSP1-2.6 시나리오에서 21%, SSP5-8.5 시나리오에서 34%로 증가하였다. 연구 결과는 향후 용도구역 평가나 유보구역 변경 시 과학적 근거로 활용될 수 있으며, 어종의 현재 종분포와 기후변화에 따 른 분포 예측을 통해 현재 용도구역 평가의 한계를 보완하고, 지속 가능한 유용 해양 자원의 이용을 위한 계획 수립에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

River estuaries are dynamic and productive ecosystems with high regional biodiversity. Environmental DNA (eDNA) has become a useful approach to assessing biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems. This study was conducted to investigate fish community characteristics and species diversity in two river estuary ecosystems, the Taehwa River and Changwon Stream. We further compared conventional and eDNA metabarcoding analyses of the fish communities. The conventional survey was performed in May, July, and October 2022, while the eDNA analysis was conducted only in May. We observed various fish species with different life histories, including carp, goby, and marine fish. We also found that migratory fish, such as dace Tribolodon hakonensis, sweetfish Plecoglossus altivelis, and eel Auguilla japonica, occurred in the Taehwa River, suggesting high river connectivity. Marine fish species were predominant in the Changwon Stream, as this river is located close to the sea. The diversity indices showed that the Taehwa River generally had higher species richness, evenness, and diversity values than the Changwon Stream. A total of 9-19 species were detected in the conventional survey for the three sites, whereas 11-18 species were found from eDNA analysis. The findings indicate that the sensitivity of eDNA was similar to or higher than that of the conventional method. Our study findings suggest the efficiency and efficacy of eDNA-based fish community monitoring, although with some shortcomings in applying the genetic marker to Korean fish, including no clear-cut distinction for Korean endemic species and/or genetically closely related species groups.

In this study, quality properties of rapeseed oil by different roasting temperatures (140, 160, 180, and 200℃) were investigated. Roasted-pressed oil (RPO) showed a decrease in lightness and an increase in redness and yellowness with an increase in temperature compared to cold-pressed oil (CPO). In addition, the β-carotene and tocopherol content also increased in RPO as the roasting temperature increased. The tocopherol content increased by 18~20% in RPO at 200℃ compared to CPO. This increase in bioactive components led to improved radical scavenging activity dependent on roasting temperature, and RPO at 200°C showed a 2.7-fold improvement compared to CPO. Finally, it was observed that higher roasting temperatures resulted in an extended oxidation induction period, increasing by up to 3.3 times. In conclusion, roasting is an effective method for enhancing the oil functionality of domestic rapeseed varieties. This study provides basic data for producing high-quality oil.

본 연구는 백두대간보호지역에 서식하는 포유류와 등산객의 일중 활동 주기의 비교를 통해 시간적 규모에 따른 포유류 군집의 잠재적 위험성 검증을 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 2015년부터 2019년까지 백두대간보호지역의 능선부 를 대상으로 무인센서카메라를 활용하여 등산객과 포유류의 활동 주기를 분석하였다. 조사 결과 담비와 다람쥐의 활동 주기는 연중 등산객의 활동 주기와 높게 중첩되었다. 또한, 노루와 고라니는 봄에 등산객의 활동 주기와 높게 중첩되며, 멧돼지는 겨울에 등산객의 활동 주기와 높게 중첩되었다. 삵과 너구리, 오소리의 일중 활동 주기는 전체기간 동안 등산객의 활동 주기와 중첩되지 않았다. 포유류의 일중 활동 주기는 종 특이적 행동 패턴과 계절에 따라 차이를 보이며, 그에 따라 등산객의 활동 주기와 중첩에 차이를 보였다. 종 특이적 행동 특성과 계절에 따른 행동의 차이로 인해 백두대간보호지역에 서식하는 포유류는 인간의 활동에 의한 간섭에 대한 영향은 차이가 발생할 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구 결과 백두대간보호지역에 서식하는 포유류의 종 특이적 행동 특성에 관한 기초자료의 제공과 더불어 종과 계절에 따른 포유류 군집의 안정성 확보를 위한 관리 및 보전 방안의 수립을 위한 기초자료로써 의미를 가진다고 판단된다.

Gray leaf spot caused by Stemphylium spp., is a major disease of tomatoes, and it threatens its cultivation worldwide, especially in warm and humid areas. This study was conducted on 223 tomato germplasm conserved at the National Agrobiodiversity Center to select the resources resistant to the gray leaf spot pathogen strain previously isolated in Korea, using a bioassay and genotypic analysis of the resistance gene (Sm). Two weeks after inoculation with Stemphylium lycopersici, the disease index (rated on a scale of 0-4) of gray leaf spot was assessed in detached tomato leaves. The results showed that 22 resources were resistant, with a disease index of 0-1. Additionally, 65 genetic resources were found to be moderately resistant, with a disease index between 1.0 and 2.0. Subsequently, Hybridization Probe Melting (HPM) analysis of the 22 resistant genetic resources confirmed the genotype of the gray leaf spot resistance gene (Sm). Among them, 20 genetic resources showed a homozygous resistant genotype. The resources selected in this research may contribute to the breeding of new tomato varieties resistant to gray leaf spot and may serve as a basis for further genotypic analysis studies.

Recently, due to the expansion of the logistics industry, demand for logistics automation equipment is increasing. The modern logistics industry is a high-tech industry that combines various technologies. In general, as various technologies are grafted, the complexity of the system increases, and the occurrence rate of defects and failures also increases. As such, it is time for a predictive maintenance model specialized for logistics automation equipment. In this paper, in order to secure the operational safety and reliability of the parcel loading system, a predictive maintenance platform was implemented based on the Naive Bayes-LSTM(Long Short Term Memory) model. The predictive maintenance platform presented in this paper works by collecting data and receiving data based on a RabbitMQ, loading data in an InMemory method using a Redis, and managing snapshot DB in real time. Also, in this paper, as a verification of the Naive Bayes-LSTM predictive maintenance platform, the function of measuring the time for data collection/storage/processing and determining outliers/normal values was confirmed. The predictive maintenance platform can contribute to securing reliability and safety by identifying potential failures and defects that may occur in the operation of the parcel loading system in the future.

The consumption of enoki mushrooms has been associated with cases of listeriosis produced by Listeria monocytogenes, highlighting the significance of sanitizing food-contact surface, such as the velcro used in welding processing of enoki mushrooms, to ensure microbial safety. We investigated the inhibitory activity of nine chemical disinfectants at regular concentrations against L. monocytogenes isolated from a mushroom farm environment. The bacterial suspension was prepared in phosphate buffered saline and mushroom extract broth and inoculated onto the velcro surface. After inoculation, most disinfectants reduced the initial 8 log CFU/coupon concentration by less than 2 log CFU/coupon during a 5-min treatment. Slightly acidic hypochlorous water showed a reduction of approximately 4 log CFU/coupon when tested for more than 30 min at the maximum allowable concentration of 200 mg/L. Sodium hypochlorite solution showed a reduction of approximately 5 log CFU/coupon when used at 100 mg/L for 60 min. Peracetic acid, at the maximum allowable concentration of 300 mg/L, showed the most effective reduction of 5 log CFU/coupon or more when the surface was treated with 37.5 mg/L for 30 min. These results indicate that peracetic acid can be used as the disinfectant strategy to control cross-contamination of L. monocytogenes on the velcro surface of plastic wrappers used in the welding processing of enoki mushrooms.

GC-MS/MS using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and C18 cartridges was used to identify and quantify levels of chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, cypermethrin, deltamethrin and permethrin in bulk raw milk. A calibration curve spanning 10 ng/mL to 200 ng/mL was obtained with a satisfactory correlation coefficient of 0.99. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantitation (LOQ) for chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and permethrin in the matrix ranged from 0.06 to 1.81 ng/mL and 0.19 to 6.04 ng/mL, respectively. The recoveries of 5 pesticides from spiked samples at 37.5-125 ng/mL ranged from 86.1 to 102.1%. The measurement of uncertainty of the GC-MS/MS method for these five pesticides was developed based on the analytical process and quantification. An analysis method that is easier and faster than the method specified in the Korean food standards codes for analyzing these five pesticides in raw material milk was developed. Moreover, the analytical method for chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and permethrin in bulk raw milk by GC-MS/MS was established.