미역 추출액의 식품가공 적성을 검토하기 위하여 Brookfield digital viscometer(SPDL21)를 사용하여 전단속도를 달리하면서 정상유통특성을 조사하였다. 100℃, 2시간 열수 추출한 미역 추출액의 유통특성을 측정한 결과는 항복응력을 가진 pseudoplastic 거동을 나타내었다, 유동특성과 온도의 관계를 알기 위하여 온도 변화에 따라서 겉보기점도와 1/ T의 관계를 도시한 결과 겉보기 점도는 회전속도 10rpm에서 온도가 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 활성화 에너지는 1.15 kcal/mole로서 온도의 의존성이 있는 것으로 나타났다.

본 실험은 Rooibos tea 에탄올 추출물의 각종 유지에 대한 항산화 효과를 검토하였고, 보다 강항 항산화 활성을 찾기 위하여 상승제로서 구연산을 첨가하여 식품 가공 및 보관기간에 대한 항산화 활성에 대하여 실험하였다. Rooibos tea 에탄올 추출물은 linoleic acid - ethanol계에 있어서는 0.2mg 첨가로 동량의 α-tocopherol. BHA 및 BHT와 비슷한 항산화력을 보였고, 동물성 유지인 lard에 대해서 Rooibos tea 에탄올 추출물 0.1% 첨가로 동량의 α-tocopherol, BHA 및 BHT 첨가보다 강한 항산화 효과를 나타내었으며 식물성 유지에 대해서는 약간의 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 그리고 상승제로 사용된 구연산의 첨가효과는 linoleic acid - ethanol계에서 상승효과가 있었고, 다른유지에 대한 상승효과는 거의 없었다. 식품의 제조 과정 및 보관 단계에 있어서 돈지를 이용한 비스킷 제조시 Rooibos tea 에탄올 추출물을 첨가하여 검토해 본 결과 높은 항산화 효과를 나타내었다.

아세트산, lauric acid, monolaurine 그리고 이의 조합에 의한 침지법을 이용하여 15% 저장 동안 광어의 V. cholerae의 세균수 변화에 대한 영향을 조사하였다. 대조구는 증류수에 3분 침지후 실험에 사용하였다. 모든 처리구에서 처리직후 V. cholerae의 세균수는 유의적 (P<0.05)으로 감소하였다. 저장 2일 이후 lauric acid 및 monolaurine의 처리구는 V. cholerae의 수를 감소하는데 있어서 초산의 처리구와 유의적 차이를 나타내었다. 1.0%의 초산에 3분 침지후 0.5% lauric acid로 3분 침지한 처리구는 0.5%의 초산에 3분 침지후 0.5% aluric acid로 3분 침지한 처리구 보다 V. cholerae의 세균수를 유의적 (P<0.05)으로 감소하였다. 0.5%∼1.0%의 초산침지후 0.05% monolaurine으로 3분 침지한 처리구는 저장 3일 이후 V. cholerae에 대한 세균수 감소효과가 나타나지 않았다.

녹차분을 기능성 소재로서 식빵에 첨가하여 이용 가능성을 조사하기 위하여 녹차분을 소맥분 100g을 기준으로 3%량, 6%량, 9%량(W/W) 첨가하여 식빵을 제조하여 그 이화학적 특성을 측정하고 관능검사를 행하였다. 가스 발생량을 높여 제품 부피 향상에 영향이 있는 dough의 pH를 측정한 결과 대조구는 5.6, 녹차분 3%, 6%, 9% 첨가구는 각각 5.34, 5.29, 5.26으로 나타났다. 따라서 모든 실험구들은 pH가 차이없이 안정영역에 존재하므로 dough의 pH가 제품 부피에 미치는 영향은 크지 않을 것으로 보였다. 식빵의 특성들을 측정한 결과 녹차분 첨가량의 증가에 따라 식빵의 품질에 영향을 미쳐 식빵의 무게 증가, 부피감소, 굽기손실율의 감소, 외부 껍질색의 강도 증가 및 내부 조직감의 감소를 나타내었으며 특히 녹차분 9% 첨가구는 다른 구에 비해 가장 큰 영향을 준 것으로 나타났다. 식빵 내부의 색도를 측정한 결과 녹차분의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 L값(명도)이 현저히 감소하였고 b값(황색도)은 증가되어 더욱 탁하고 어두운 색깔을 나타내었다. 이와 같이 황색도가 증가하는 것은 녹차의 갈변 현상에 의한 결과로 보였다. 식빵의 관능검사 결과 녹차분의 첨가는 식빵의 품질에 크게 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 식빵의 향에서는 6, 9% 첨가구가, 조직감은 첨가구 모두 대조구와 유의적인 차이를 보였고 외관, 맛, 전반적인 기호도는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 이상의 관능검사 결과를 고려해 볼 때 녹차분을 첨가한 기능성 식빵 제조시 3% 첨가의 경우가 적합하다는 결과를 얻었다.

석유 에테르로 인삼지방질 성분을 추출해 낸 소위 탈지인삼을 가지고 기본 식이에 0.5, 1.0 및 3.0% 비율별로 각기 혼합하여 만든 탈지인삼식이로 이유 후 체중 83±4g 웅성백서 130두를 대상으로 4주 또는 8주동안 급식한 후 기본식이로 교체하여 다시 8주 또는 4주동안 급식하여, 교체급식에 의한 흰쥐의 혈청, 간 및 대동맥중의 콜레스테롤함량 변화의 추이를 비교 관찰한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 혈청중 총 콜레스테롤과 유리콜레스테롤 함량은 0.5, 1.0 및 3.0% 탈지인삼식이 급식후 기본식이로 교체하여 급식시 증가되었다. 2. 대동맥중 총 콜레스테롤 함량은 0.5, 1.0 및 3.0% 탈지인삼식이 급식후 기본 식이로 교체하여 급식시 감소되었다. 3. 혈청, 간 및 대동맥 중 유리콜레스테롤 함량은 1.0% 탈지안심식이 급식후 기본식이로 교체하여 급식시 증가되었으나, 혈청과 간중 유리콜레스테롤 함량은 3.0%탈지 인삼식이의 경우 감소되었다.

본 연구의 목적은 학업 저성취 대학생을 위한 지원 프로그램 개발의 방향성을 제안하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 문헌분석, 델파이분석, 요구분석을 차례로 실시함으로써 프로그램 구성요소를 도출하고, 프로그램 개발 시 우선적으로 고려해야 할 요소를 파악하고자 하였다. 먼저 문헌분석을 통해 학업 저성취 대학생의 특성 및 저성취 관련요인을 살펴보았다. 이후 델파이 조사와 10인의 전문가협의회를 거쳐 학업 저성취 대학생 지원 프로그램의 구성요소를 도출하였다. 또한 도출된 구성 요소에 대해 지원 프로그램 구성 시 우선적으로 반영되어야 할 요소를 결정하기 위해 대학생 281명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고, 현재 수준과 바람직한 수준의 차이를 파악하기 위한 차이검증(대응표본 t검증), Borich의 중요도 산출, The Locus for Focus Model 결과를 활용하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 델파이 분석을 통해 총 14개의 프로그램 구성요소가 도출되었다. 둘째, 14개의 구성요소는 현재수준과 바람직한 수준에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 셋째, 요구분석 결과, The Locus for Focus 모델에서는 7개, Borich 요구도에서는 6개의 구성요소가 높은 요구도를 나타내었다. 넷째, 우선순위 도출 결과 공통적으로 요구도가 가장 높은 구성요소는 5개 (목표관리, 집중력, 시험관리, 체계성, 내용의 적합성)로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 종합적이고 수요자 중심적인 관점에서 제안한 구성요소들은 추후 학업 저성취 대학생을 위한 지원 프로그램 개발에 중요한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Gold kiwifruit was fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum CK10 derived from kimchi and the fermented products were extracted with ethanol at various fermentation time-points The bacterial cellular density, total titratable acidity, total polyphenol content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) increased during fermentation, while pH values and total soluble solids decreased. Levels of TPC and TFC were highest after five days, at 1.21±0.13 mg GAE/g dry weight and 0.36±0.04 mg RE/g dry weight, respectively. The antioxidant activities of the fermented gold kiwifruit were analyzed using Fe2+ chelating activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-, and 2,2'-azino-bis(3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS)- radical scavenging activities, and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity. The Fe2+ chelating activity of gold kiwifruit (125-500 μg/mL) peaked after five days of fermentation at 38.40-78.47%. The DPPH radical- scavenging activity and SOD-like activity were somewhat higher after seven days of fermentation (36.01-86.81% and 54.79-93.83% at 2.5-10.0 mg/mL concentration of samples, respectively). On the other hand, the ABTS radical- scavenging activity of fermented gold kiwifruit was similar to that of the non-fermented form. The polyphenol and flavonoid contents were significantly correlated with the antioxidant activity. In conclusion, our results suggest that TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activity were increased after five and seven days of fermentation, respectively. Therefore, fermented gold kiwifruit with its increased antioxidant activity could be useful in the development of functional foods.

Fermented halla gold kiwifruit (FHK) was prepared with Lactobacillus plantarum CK10, a bacterium derived from kimchi. We investigated the quality characteristics and antioxidative activity of madeleine added with FHK. The madeleine dough was prepared by mixing flour, sugar, baking powder, and then followed by adding salt, rum, different amount of the FHK (0, 1, and 3%) and butter. The total titratable acidity of madeleine increased significantly with the amounts of added FHK (p<0.05), while the pH value and total soluble solids showed the reverse trend. The color of madeleine became substantially redder with increasing amounts of FHK (p<0.05), and it appeared darker and less yellow at the same time. The total polyphenol contents of madeleines increased significantly with increasing amounts of FHK (p<0.05), but there was little difference in the total flavonoid content. When the antioxidant activities were measured in terms of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)- and 2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid-diammonium salt (ABTS)- radical scavenging, both measured activities of madeleines increased dramatically with added FHK in a dose-dependent manner. Our results suggested that the acidity, color, polyphenol content, and antioxidant activities of madeleines can be improved by adding the fermented gold kiwifruit.

The objective of this research was to understand the role of table floral decorations through the examination of the relationships that exist between satisfaction level and reuse intention which both result from one’s cognitive reactions and emotional effects from encountering table floral decorations in party catering. The survey was conducted to gather data from respondents about their cognitive reactions, emotional effects, satisfaction level, and reuse intention on table floral decorations being used as a part of party catering. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis between the cognitive factor and satisfaction level showed that ‘mood’ (β=0.404, p<0.001) and ‘artistry’ (β=0.288, p<0.001), among cognitive sub-factors of ‘artistry’, ‘mood’, and ‘harmony’, had large portions of positive effect on the satisfaction level, while harmony (p=0.494) did not show a significant effect on the satisfaction level. Examining the sub-factors of the emotional factor, ‘dignified’ (β=0.420, p<0.001) was shown to have a larger effect on the satisfaction level than ‘unique’ (β=0.263, p<0.001). From the Pearson correlation coefficient (r=0.827), high satisfaction level had a causal link to high reuse intention. Party catering will inevitably grow with the growth of Korea’s national income and as the leisure industry further develops, the main contribution of this research is that it provides various approaches to conducting segmented research on table floral decorations in party catering.

Background : The purpose of the present investigation is to enhance extracellular acidic protease production by subjecting a protease producing strain Cordyceps pruinosa DK-01 to random mutagenesis by UV irradiation after ethidium bromide treatment. Methods and Results : Mutants were screened as protease producers on the basis of zone of clearance and relative proteolytic activity (RPA) on skimmed milk agar plates. In addition, mutants showed strong pink-red color intensity and different RAPD profiling compared with wild type control. Four mutants were randomly selected and their extracellular enzyme activities were investigated. In liquid culture without casein, 2.2-, 2.9-, 5.2- and 4.4-fold higher acid protease activity was achieved from mutants DK-m9, -m11 and -m12, respectively, than that of wild type strain (11.13 ± 1.60 U/ml). In liquid culture with casein, 1.1-, 1.3-, 1.3 and 1.3-fold higher acid protease activity was achieved with those mutants were found to produce, respectively, than that of wild type strain (93.95 ± 12.84 U/ml). Maximum acid protease activity was noticed from a mutant DK-m11 in liquid culture with casein (121.18 U/ml) and without casein (57.65 U/ml). The extracellular acid protease produced from DJ-m11 that was active in the pH range 4.5-6.5 and optimum temperature for the activity was 37°C. Furthermore, we found a deformed, shorten structure of setae on the elytron surface of dynastid beetles treated with culture supernatant of the DK-m11. Conclusion : These findings have more impact on enzyme economy for biotechnological and insecticidal applications of fungal proteases.

Behcet’s disease (BD) is characterized by oral or orogenital ulcers and various systemic symptoms. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a prototype of the seronegative spondiloarthropathy(SNSpA) group, is a chronic inflammatory disease of the axial skeleton primarily involving the sacroiliac joint and vertebrae. Coexistence of BD and AS has rarely been reported. We report on a patient with concomitant AS and BD who was treated successfully with etanercept. Several case reports suporting the effectiveness of other medications such as NSAIDs in patients with coexisting AS and BD have been reported in the literature. However, we found no report regarding the use of anti TNF-α agent for treatment of these patients except for one case of adalimumab. To be best of our knowledge, this is the first case of a patient with concomitant AS and BD treated with etanercept.

Amyloidosis is a disease caused by extracellular deposition of the fibrous protein amyloid in one or more sites of the body, leading to organ dysfunction and death. Its causes and pathogenesis are variable, with common histopathologic features. Amyloidosisis a rare disease, and usually present in the heart and frequently in the gastrointestinal tract, skin but is rarely encountered in lymph nodes. Amyloidosis in Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia (WM) is exclusively due to amyloid lightchain deposition. Only a few case of amyloidosis in WM have been reported. We report on one case that occurred independently of with Primary amyloidosis which involved only multiple lymphadenopathy and waldenstrom’s microglobulinemia involving bone marrow.

Recently remodeling has been preferred to reconstruction. Remodeling the existing building structure by recycling has great advantages compared with reconstruction in terms of environmentally contributions and reduced use of national resourses. However the story increase during remodelling cause serious problems of structure. This paper intoduces a way to analyze remodelled building using MIDAS GEN

The importance on maintaining the facility has been recently increased. In the meantime, a female students whose major is architectural engineering has difficulty in getting a job. In this study, one of the WISET the programs that is designed to enhance the capability of female students in their major area of study is introduced to provide a possible approach to increase the hiring rate of female students. The suggested method is to expand the job application of female students to the maintenance of the existing facility. For this purpose, each department should make an effort to correlate WISET program and the program that facilitates the hiring rate and corporation with the industry.

Development of two different histologic types of lymphoma in the same person is rare. Sequential lymphoma is defined as two different types of lymphoma occurring sequentially in the same person. In particular, sequential Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) following non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is extremely rare. A 63-year-old female diagnosed with B-cell NHL at the mass in T3 received treatment with an R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone) protocol for six cycles. However, 12 months later, the patient complained of a left neck mass and excisional biopsy was performed. Microscopically the biopsied tissue showed Reed-Stemberg cells and confirmed the diagnosis of HL. The patient was treated with ABVD (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine) for four cycles. Although the possibility of a secondary malignancy cannot be excluded, this is a rare case of sequential Hodgkin’s lymphoma following Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

The present study examined the effects of Korean white ginseng (WG, Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) on the learning and memory function and the neural activity in rats with trimethyltin (TMT)-induced memory deficits. The rats were administered with saline or WG (WG 100 or 300 mg/kg, p.o.) daily for 21 days. The cognitive improving efficacy of WG on the amnesic rats, which was induced by TMT, was investigated by assessing the Morris water maze test and by performing immunohistochemistries on choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), acetylcholinesterase (AchE), cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The rats treated with TMT injection (control group) showed impaired learning and memory of the tasks, but the rats treated with TMT injection and WG administration produced significant improvement of the escape latency to find the platform in the Morris water maze at the 2nd and 4th days compared to that of the control group. In the retention test, the WG 100 and WG 300 groups showed significantly increased crossing number around the platform compared to that of the control group (p < 0.001). Consistently with the behavioral data, result of immunohistochemistry analysis showed that WG 100 mg/kg significantly alleviated the loss of BDNF-ir neurons in the hippocampus compared to that of the control group (p < 0.01). Also, treatment with WG has a trend to be increased the cholinergic neurons in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 areas as compared to that of the control group. These results suggest that WG may be useful for improving the cognitive function via regulation of neurotrophic activity.