본 연구에서는 참죽나무 잎 추출물이 에탄올로 유도된 산화스트레스로부터 간세포를 보호하며, 항산화 효소 유전자 발현을 증가시킴으로써 항산화 활성을 보이는 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 참죽나무 잎에는 플라보노이드가 다량 함유되어 있으며, 특히 퀘르세틴 배당체인 qercetin 3-O-rhamnoside(quercitrin)는 건조중량 100 g당 1,456.0±12.5 mg으로 총 플라보놀 함량(1,874.5±15.5 mg)의 77.7%를 차지하여 참죽나무잎의 주요 플라보놀 성분으로 확인되었다. 결론적으로 참죽 나무 잎 추출물은 알코올에 의한 간 세포의 손상을 보호하고, 산화스트레스를 감소시켰으며, 이는 참죽나무 잎의 주요 플라보노이드인 퀘르세틴과 비교했을 때도 그 효과가 우수함을 확인하였다. 따라서 참죽나무 잎은 알코올에 의해 손상된 간을 보호하는 식품으로서 이용가치가 높을 것으로 기대된다.

국가표준식품성분표의 국가 영양 모니터링, 국가식품정 책 및 규제에 중요한 역할을 하며, 사용자는 정부기관, 소비 자 단체, 식품 산업기관, 레스토랑, 무역단체, 소프트웨어 응 용 프로그램 관리자, 병원, 학계 등 다양하게 사용되어진다. 이러한 데이터베이스의 제공은 1970년부터 이루어졌으며, 국 제기구(FAO/INFOODS, International Network of Food Data Systems)로부터 극동아시아지역 식품영양성분 데이터시스템 (NEASIAFOODS, Northeast Asia Food Data Systems)의 대한민 국 대표기관으로 지정 받아 농촌진흥청에서 이루어지고 있 다. 1970년부터 5년 주기로 발간되어 2011년 제8개정판까지 출판된 국가표준식품성분표를 비롯하여 생리활성물질 규명 을 위한 기능성성분표와 소비자 맞춤형 식품성분표를 발간 하고 있다. 국가표준식품성분표는 누구나 이용할 수 있도록 농식품종 합정보시스템을 통해 공개되어 왔으며, 단순 정보의 검색 및 활용을 넘어서 이용자에 의해 특별한 목적으로 활용되고자 할 경우, “기술이전”이라는 절차를 통해 정보 제공되어 왔다. 정식으로 기술이전 절차를 통해 데이터가 활용된 것은 2006 년이 처음으로 영양교육자료 제작을 목적으로 실시되었으며, 이후 현재까지 73건이 실시되었다. 이를 바탕으로 체중감량 및 비만예방 등 영양관리 콘텐츠 개발을 위한 게임 또는 스마 트용 소프트웨어 개발 분야에도 활용되어지며, 국내 농식품 의 국내․외 유통 품질인증 자료로써 기능을 부여하여 농식 품 수출지원 및 상품화 지원이 가능하다. 농촌진흥청은 국가기관으로서 식품성분데이터의 효율적 인 관리를 통해 전문성 및 대내외 위상 제고와 함께 수요자 및 현장중심의 실시간 업무 지원시스템 구축으로 양질의 식 품성분 데이터베이스를 생산하고 서비스화하고자 한다. 또한 고객 맞춤형 영양정보 제공 및 다양한 식품성분표 활용 콘텐 츠 개발로 수요자 요구를 충족시킬 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다. 위의 내용으로 볼 때 국가식품성분표는 국가 및 개인, 업 체, 학계 등에서 중요하게 사용되어진다. 따라서 앞으로 여러 다양한 분야와 적극적인 협동을 통해 정확하고 우리나라 실 정에 맞는 국가식품성분표를 만들기 위해 더욱 노력해야 할 것이다.

We analyzed the contents of γ-oryzanol, which is contained in brown rice of the nation rice varieties Chucheong, Heukjinju and Sindongjin, by HPLC. Furthermore we also performed experiments on its biological activity, to prove the effectiveness of rice bran. The contents of γ-oryzanol contained in hulled rice showed 1, 587 ppm for Heukjinju, followed by Chucheong(1, 038 ppm), and by Sindongjin(472 ppm). In anti-oxidative activity, we performed an experiment, by measuring the radical scavenging activity of DPPH. Heukjinju showed the best effect, and Chucheong showed the worst effect. In cholesterol lowering activity, Heukjinju showed the best activity and Sindongjin showed the worst effect. In anti-bacterial activity as well, Heukjinju showed the best activity, and Sindongjin showed the worst effect. Through these experiments, we compared the contents of γ-oryzanol, which is contained in hulled rice(Chucheong, Heukjinju, Sindongjin). Also, we found the anti-oxidation effect, cholesterol lowering effect, and anti-bacterial activity of the γ-oryzanol extracts. Based on our research, we expect that γ-oryzanol can work as a new drug, or nutritional supplement.

LC-DAD-ESI/MS를 이용하여 국내 자색벼 품종에 대해 개별 안토시아닌 조성 및 함량을 평가한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 자색벼 품종에서 분리된 모든 개별 안토시아닌의 화학구조는 MS fragment 패턴을 확인하여 cyanidin을 base로 한 unknown 화합물 1종을 포함, cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside, cyanidin 3-glucoside, peonidin 3-glucoside의 총 4가지 개별성분이 분리 및 동정되었다. 2. Cyanidin 3-glucoside 및 peonidin 3-glucoside이 주요성분으로 cyanidin 3-glucoside의 경우 90% 이상의 가장 높은 함량 비중을 나타냈으며, 개별성분별 평균 함량은 cyanidin 3-glucoside > peonidin 3-glucoside > cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside > unknown(cyanidin based)의 순으로 나타났다. 3. 흑진주벼의 총 안토시아닌 함량은 408 mg/100 g으로 흑남벼보다 약 6배 정도 높은 함량을 나타내었다.

근적외선 분광 분석법을 이용하여 참깨의 지방함량의 신속측정 가능성에 대해서 연구하였다. 검량식의 기본 모형은 다중 회귀 모형으로 하였으며, 회귀 모형의 독립 변수의 선택은 step-wise법을 이용하였다. 1. 참깨의 121점 중 지방산 함량 분포는 palmitic acid(IT028899-7.2%, IT169359-10.0%), stearic acid(IT028897-4.5%, IT028910-7.0%), oleic acid(IT170020-32.2%, IT156371-46.5%), linoleic acid(IT156348-36.5, IT169926-49.6%), 그리고 linolenic acid(IT169316-0.2%, IT156367-0.6%)로 나타났다. 2. 지방함량을 예측하기 위해서 검량선 작성시 종래의 화학적 방법에 의한 분석치와 NIRS 분석치 와의 상관계수는 oleic acid(r2-0.834) and linoleic acid(r2-0.925)로 판단되어 linoleic acid의 이용은 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

Glucosinolates (GSLs), beneficial secondary metabolites for human health are abundantly present in radish vegetable. Radish is a member of Brassicaceae family and its seed, leaf and root contain very important GSLs. The objective of this study was to determine the variation of individual and total GSL contents in leaves and roots of 44 radish (Raphanus spp.) germplasm (26 R. sativus L., 3 R. raphanistrum, and 15 R. sativus L. var. raphanistroides Makino), and compare the GSL contents between leaves and roots among three Raphanus species. Thirteen GSLs were identified, being the glucoraphasatin (GRS) and glucobrassicin (GBS) the most abundant aliphatic and indolyl GSLs in both the leaves and roots. Variation in individual and total GSL contents was found among the germplasm of three Raphanus species. The GRS content was higher in roots than that of leaves in all three Raphanus species but the GBS content was higher in leaves than roots. GRS was represented 87.0%, 92.7% and 94.7% of the total GSL in roots of R. sativus L., R. raphanistrum and R. sativus L. var. raphanistroides (Makino) germplasm, respectively. Germplasm of R. raphanistrum exhibited the highest (average, 79.5 μmol/g dw) total GSL with a ranged from 62.7 to 92.9 μmol/g dw. The germplasm IT119288, Joseonmu and IT119262 from R. sativus L., RA 504 and K046542 from R. raphanistrum, and Gyeongju-2003-32 (G2003-32) and IT302373 from R. sativus L. var. raphanistroides (Makino) had high total GSL contents and these could be good candidates for developing the functional compounds-rich varieties in radish breeding program.

The ω5-gliadins are the major allergens in wheat-dependent excise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA). In this study, SDS-PAGE analysis was used to assign the ω5-gliadins (Gli-B1) alleles in thirty two Korean wheat cultivars, compared with eleven standard wheat cultivars for Gli-B1a~m alleles. These results were reconfirmed with their complementary Glu-B3 low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits alleles tightly linked with Gli-B1 locus revealed with 2-DGE in our previous study. As a result, one Gli-B1b, four Gli-B1d, two Gli-B1f, six Gli-B1m and nineteen Gli-B1h varieties were identified. This is the first report on revealing the Gli-B1 alleles in Korean wheat cultivars and represents valuable basic data on wheat allergy, relationship between gliadin and wheat quality, and development of hypo-allergenic wheat.

영양고추시험장에서 분양 받은 고추 유전자원 523종에 대한 카로티노이드의 정성 및 정량 분석과 ASTA color 지수를 분석하였다. 개별 카로티노이드는 capsanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, α-carotene, β-carotene 등으로 동정하였다. 총 카로티노이드 함량은 0.5-84.8 mg/100g DW으로 나타났으며 ASTA color 지수는 0.7-233.1로 나타났다. 개별 카로티노이드의 평균갑과 총 카로티노이드 함량에 대한 비율은 β-carotene 5.0 mg/100g DW (24.8%) > capsanthin 5.0 mg/100g DW (24.7%) > zeaxanthin 4.1 mg/100g DW (20.4%) > β-cryptoxanthin 3.0 mg/100g DW (14.8%) > lutein 2.7 mg/100g DW (13.3%) > α-carotene 0.4 mg/100g DW (2.0%) 순으로 분석되었다. 카로티노이드 중 capsanthin의 함량이 ASTA color 지수와 높은 상관관계를 보였으며 (R2 = 0.723) capsanthin이 23.2 mg/100g DW으로 고함유된 자원 IT223599를 선발하였다. 또한 카로티노이드 크로마토그램의 패턴에 따라 고추유전자원을 7가지 그룹으로 구분하였으며 이는 고 색소 함유 품종 육종 등 다양한 산업 소재로 활용 될 수 있다.

Flavonols as a major kind of plant secondary metabolites are known for health-promoting compounds in onions (Allium cepa L.). The objectives of this study are to determine profiles of flavonol glycosides in different 75 onion accessions. A total of five flavonols (quercetin 3,4'- diglucoside, Q34'diG; quercetin 3-glucoside, Q3G; quercetin 4'-glucoside, Q4'G; isorhamnetin 4'-glucoside, I4'G; quercetin, Q) were identified from onion accessions. In positive ion mode using LC-ESI-MS, individual flavonols were confirmed from one and two glycosylation binding with aglycone such as quercetin and isorhamnetin. Total flavonol contents were distributed in white onion (range of 0.18-6.47 mg/g DW) and purple onion accessions (range of 2.39-6.47 mg/g), respectively. The mean of flavonol contents in purple onion (4.41 mg/g) showed 1.4-fold higher than white onion (3.23 mg/g). The Q34'diG and Q4'G were considered as the major compounds of flavonol glycosides in onion accessions.

Dried leaves of Raphanus sativus L. and Angelica keiskei L. extracts have strong antioxidant potential and in consequence profound effects on ulcerative colitis. Present study was conducted to explore the effect of diet mixtures containing dried leaves of Raphanus sativus and Angelica keiskei powder on ulcerative colitis in mice and antioxidant potential of radish green and Angelica extracts as well. Both dried leaves of Raphanus sativus and Angelica keiskei extracts exhibited higher antioxidant activity due to the presence of polyphenols, favonoids and antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD). Analyzed data indicate that Angelica keiskei extract had higher polyphenol and flavonoid contents compared with radish green, while maximum SOD activity was noted in dried leaves of Raphanus sativus extract Likewise, higher antioxidant (348.72 ± 31.65 μg/mL) and ABTS+ radical scavenging (17%) activities were noted in dried leaves of Raphanus sativus extract compared with Angelica keiskei.

In this study, the effects of the use of a starter on radish soaked at 4℃ for 28 days using two kinds of domestic sun-dried salt (white and gray salt) were determined. As a result, the moisture contents of the radish soaked with white and gray salt were 7.93 and 4.50%, respectively. The salinity levels were found to be equal (90%). No significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of the mineral contents of the salts therein (37812.41±1922.95 and 39755.13±1205.70 mg/100 g, respectively). However, iron and zinc contents of gray salt were higher than those of white salt while the calcium, potassium, and magnesium contents were lower than those of white salt. After the addition of the starter, the sugar content increased, the pH decreased, and the total acidity rapidly decreased compared with the non-starter group during fermentation. The total microorganism count of the two groups increased during the fermentation period of 28 days. From the initial fermentation for 7 days, the lactic acid bacteria in the non-starter group increased while those in the leuconostoc starter group steadily increased within the whole fermentation period. The Leuconostoc spp. in non-starter group increased, but that in the starter group decreased to pH 4.0 on day 14.

This experiment was carried out to find suitable sample type for a more accurate prediction and non-destructive way in the application of NIRS technique for estimation amino acid composition of soybean by comparing three different sample types, single seed, whole seeds, and milled seeds’ powder. The coefficient of determination in calibration and 1-VR of cross-validation for 17 amino acids analyzed by NIR using milled powder were highest, followed by single seed, and then whole seeds were the lowest. The R2 coefficients of determination in calibration for single bean perimeters were higher than those of whole beans and showed higher R2 coefficient than 0.8 with the exception of seven amino acids. On the other hand, calibration equation development for only glutamic acid analyzed NIRS data scanned with whole seeds showed higher R2 coefficient than 0.8. Eleven different amino acids, such as aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamine, glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, arginine and proline, of soybean seeds in the powder had higher R2 coefficient of determination in calibration than 0.8 and could be estimated for the most accurate prediction. However, judging from the results of single bean samples, in consideration on NIR application for more nondestructive and faster prediction, these amino acids using single bean sample could be estimated without grinding the seeds.