A scintillator using organic materials can be easily manufactured in various shapes and sizes to suit the user’s purpose. A quantum dot (QD)-based scintillator has a number of advantages over commercial scintillators, including emission wavelength control, high-purity emission of a specific wavelength, high photoluminescence efficiency, and good photostability. The organic scintillators doping with various agents into the polymer media to increase scintillation efficiency and to control the emissioning wavelength through energy transfer process. In this study, scintillator enhancement was observed with different QDs material and detection response to gamma and neutron was investigated in energy spectrum. Multishell- structure QDs (CdS/CdZnS/ZnS) were fabricated and utilized to offset the shortcomings of single-shell-structure QDs, and the optical properties and the gamma and neutron detection performance capabilities were evaluated. The results of the evaluation of the detection response of the QD-based scintillator confirmed that the neutron/gamma classification performance was similar to that of a commercial scintillator. Furthermore, the gamma detection efficiency was improved by 34–38% (in the case of 137Cs) compared to a commercial scintillator. This study is especially notable in that the organic scintillator incorporated with the newly fabricated QDs can be utilized for gamma and neutron detection for the operation and decommissioning various nuclear facilities.

A 17-year-old spayed female Shih Tzu dog, weighing 5.0 kg, presented with frequent coughing and respiratory distress. Blood tests revealed mild thrombocytosis, and thoracic ultrasonography and radiography confirmed a significant amount of pleural effusion. However, the thoracic radiographs showed no radiopaque nodules or interstitial patterns indicative of thoracic tumors. Thoracentesis was performed to relieve effusion-induced thoracic pressure, yielding a hemorrhagic serosanguinous pleural fluid. The cytological analysis of this fluid revealed mesothelial cells, supporting the clinical diagnosis of mesothelioma in situ. To address the patient’s clinical symptoms, an aggressive management approach was implemented with chest tube placement to address recurrent pleural effusion after initial thoracentesis. During treatment, the patient exhibited stable health and adapted well to daily life. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of mesothelioma in situ with hemorrhagic malignant pleural effusion in South Korea. Using a chest tube as an aggressive treatment successfully alleviated dyspnea symptoms and provided symptomatic relief in a patient with mesothelioma in situ.

Following the previous study, which investigated the pharmacological properties of the Technekitty injection (Tc-99m), the toxicity of a single intravenous administration of the Technekitty injection (Tc-99m) and the side effects that may occur at the diagnostic dose were confirmed. The Technekitty injection (Tc-99m) was administered intravenously once at a dose of 0, 0.67, 2.0, and 6.0 mCi/kg to 5 male and female rats per group. Mortality, general symptom observation, and weight measurement were performed for 2 weeks, followed by observation of autopsy findings. There were no deaths, and no statistically significant weight change was observed. No abnormal systemic signs related to the Technekitty injection (Tc-99m) were observed. These results confirmed that Technekitty injection (Tc-99m) can be safely administered intravenously at doses up to 6.0 mCi/kg. Additionally, technetium-99m at an average dose of 2 mCi (74 MBq) has been verified as a diagnostic dose without adverse effects, allowing the Technekitty injection (Tc-99m) to be used safely without side effects at this dosage. This study demonstrates that the Technekitty injection (Tc-99m) has a wide safety margin, supporting its potential for clinical application. Moreover, these findings align with the nonclinical safety standards for radiopharmaceuticals, reinforcing its utility in veterinary medicine. The Technekitty injection (Tc-99m) is expected to be applicable for clinical diagnosis as a veterinary drug in Korea.

Thyroid scanning using technetium-99m (99mTc) is the gold standard for diagnosing feline hyperthyroidism. In cats with an overactive thyroid, a thyroid scan is the most appropriate imaging technique to detect and localize any hyperfunctional adenomatous thyroid tissue. In this study, the pharmacological properties of the Technekitty injection (Tc-99m), developed as a diagnostic agent for feline hyperthyroidism using 99mTc as an active ingredient, were tested in FRTL-5 thyroid follicular cell line and ICR mice. The percentage of cell uptake of the Tc-99m in FRTL-5 thyroid cells was 0.182 ± 0.018%, which was about 6 times higher compared to Clone 9 hepatocytes. This uptake decreased by 38.2% due to competitive inhibition by iodine (sodium iodide). In tissue distribution tests by using ICR mice, the highest distribution was observed in the liver, kidneys, spleen, lungs, and femur at 0.083 hours after administration, and this distribution decreased as the compound was excreted through the kidneys, the primary excretory organ. Maximum distribution was confirmed at 1 hour in the small intestine, 6 hours in the large intestine, and 2 hours in the thyroid gland. Additionally, the total amount excreted through urine and feces over 48 hours (2 days) was 78.80% of the injected dose, with 37.70% (47.84% of the total excretion) excreted through urine and 41.10% (52.16% of the total excretion) through feces. In conclusion, the Tc-99m has the same mechanism of action, potency, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion characteristics as 99mTc used for feline hyperthyroidism in the United States, Europe, and other countries, because the Technekitty injection (Tc-99m) contains 99mTc as its sole active ingredient. Based on these results, the Technekitty injection (Tc-99m) is expected to be safely used in the clinical diagnosis of feline hyperthyroidism.

Coal tar pitch is a raw material that can be made from various carbon materials such as activated carbon, carbon fiber, and artificial graphite through heat treatment. In particular, it is an important raw material used as a binder and impregnated pitch when manufacturing carbon composite materials. In order to improve the physical properties of such a carbon composite material, the content of β-resin is an important factor. Although β-resin plays the role of a binder, it also corresponds to fixed carbon, so it can determine the physical properties after carbonization. In this study, we compared the physical properties of coal tar pitch various temperature ramping rate, and found through Py-GC/MS analysis that intermediate materials were generated by heteroatoms such as oxygen and nitrogen. MALDI-TOF/MS analysis revealed that these intermediate materials overlapped with the molecular weight region of β-resin. Therefore, the content of β-resin is in the following order: 430–5 (12.8 wt%), 430–10 (10.2 wt%), and 430–2 (6.3 wt%), and when 430–5 is used as a binder, the highest density appeared at 1.75 g/cm3. However, such intermediate materials undergo thermal decomposition even at temperatures above 900 °C. As a result, after carbonization, 430–5 had a density of 1.60 g/cm3, which was similar or lower than that of 430–2 (1.72 → 1.63 g/ cm3) and 430–10 (1.73 → 1.61 g/cm3). From these results, it is expected that if the heteroatom content is distributed in an appropriate amount and the heating rate is well controlled, it will be possible to maintain a high density even after carbonization while ensuring a high beta-resin content.

장미과의 과일 및 관상용 식물은 세계적으로 경제적, 원예적 가치가 뛰어나다. 장미과의 뱀딸기는 관상 및 약용 작물로써 이용가치가 매우 높은데, 증식방법이 마련되어 있지 않은 실정 이다. 뱀딸기의 종자 종자발아 특성을 조사하기 위해 내부형태 관찰, 수분흡수실험, 온도 별 배양, move-along test, GA3처리 실험을 수행하였다. 뱀딸기 종자는 탈리시점부터 성숙한 배를 지닌다. 수분흡수실험 결과, 침지 3시간만에 종자 무게가 초 기무게 대비 100% 이상 증가하였다. 온도 별 배양 실험 결 과, 25/15, 20/10, 15/6, 5, 25, 20, 15°C에서 각각 8주간 배양하였을 때 88, 71, 61, 12, 89, 39, 17%로 나타났다. Move-along test의 T125/15°C(12주)→20/10°C(4주)→ 15/6°C(4주)→5°C(12주)]에서 12주차까지 72%가 발아하였고 T2[4°C(12주)→15/6°C(4주)→20/10°C(4주)→25/15°C(12주)] 에선 20/10°C까지 발아하지 않았고 25/15°C에 도달하고 나서 발아하여 최종발아율은 16%로 나타났다. GA3처리구에선 배양 3주차에 발아를 시작한 반면에 대조구에선 배양 4주차부터 발 아하였다. 따라서 한반도 자생 뱀딸기 종자는 PD로 분류하였다. 뱀딸기속과 Potentilla속 식물은 서로 근연관계이고, 종간의 종 자휴면에 차이가 나타나 종자휴면 특성에 분화가 일어난 것으로 판단된다.

목적: 의료기사 등에 관한 법률 위반 사례와 윤리적 문제의 현황을 파악하여, 보건의료인으로서 안경사에게 필 요한 직업윤리 교육의 내용을 알아보고자 한다. 방법: 대한안경사협회 윤리업무 활동백서(2018~2023)의 의료기사 등에 관한 법률 위반 사례와 윤리적 문제의 현황을 분석하였고, 안경사 직업윤리 의식 실태를 파악하기 위해 구글 폼을 이용하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 결과: 대한안경사협회 윤리법무 활동백서 분석 결과 의료기사 등에 관한 법률위반자 고발 98건, 불법 근용안경 판매 1,115건, 면허 관련 불법 행위 300건으로 나타났다. 설문조사 결과 “안경원 이외 장소 및 인터넷에서 판매가 위반임을 인지하고 있다”라는 응답이 86.96%로 위반 사항 인지 문항 중 가장 높게 나타났다. 불법 행위에 관한 조 치 필요성과 조치 정도에 대한 결과는 안경사 면허대여는 조치가 필요하다가 97.83%, 안경사 면허대여는 84.78% 가 강력한 법적 조치가 필요하다고 응답하였다. 불법 행위에 대한 안경사 보수교육에 관한 “보수교육이 충분히 이 루어지지 않는다”라고 86.96% 응답하였다. 의료기사 등에 관한 법률 위반 사항과 직업윤리에 관한 보수교육 필요 성과 진행 정도 사이에는 연관성이 있었다(χ2=4.045, p=0.044). 결론: 의료기사 등에 관한 법률 위반 행위 근절과 안경사 직업윤리 의식 함양에 필요한 안경사 윤리강령 세부 지침 마련과 안경광학과 재학생 및 현업에 종사하는 안경사를 대상으로 하는 지속적이고 체계적인 직업윤리 교육이 필요하다.

This study aimed to determine how 15 weeks of Tai Chi training affected attention and brain waves. Thirty-six university students (mean age = 24.27 years; SD = ±1.054) participated in this experiment. Participants practiced form postures from the first section of form 85 of the traditional Yang style of Tai Chi Chuan. The Frankfurt Attention Inventory (FAIR) was used to assess each participant’s level of attention. The sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) power analysis demonstrated that participants in the Tai Chi group show higher SMR power than the control group. This study showed that Tai Chi Chuan increases theta and alpha waves by relaxing the body and mind, as well as through soft and slow movement and deep breathing. It reduces fast beta waves, which stabilizes the brain and improves attention. FAIR results showed that 15 weeks of Tai Chi training improved selective ability, control index, and persistence index. These findings suggested that Tai Chi is an exercise that helps improve attention.

Human bitter taste-sensing type 2 receptors (hTAS2Rs) are expressed in various human tissues and may be associated with various cell signaling pathways, cell progression, and cell physiology in each tissue. hTAS2Rs can be a potential drug target because it is also expressed in some cancer cells. Xanthorrhizol (XNT) has various biological activities, such as anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. XNT produces a bitter taste, but the specific hTAS2R activated is unknown, and the hTAS2R-mediated effect of XNT on cancer cells has not been studied. This study discovered the target receptor of XNT among 25 hTAS2Rs and confirmed the possibility of the hTAS2R-mediated inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. XNT activated only one receptor, hTAS2R38 (EC50=1.606±0.021 g/mL), and its activity was inhibited by probenecid, a hTAS2R38 antagonist. When HepG2 and MCF-7 cells were treated with XNT or phenylthiocarbamide (PTC), a known hTAS2R38 agonist, both chemicals inhibited cancer cell proliferation. XNT targets the human bitter taste receptor TAS2R38 and inhibits the proliferation of HepG2 and MCF-7 cells mediated by TAS2R38. This suggests that TAS2R38 may be a new target for disease treatment and a potential new factor for drug development.

목적 : 본 연구는 안경광학과 재학생들의 안경사 윤리의식 인식정도를 파악하여 안경사로서의 윤리의식을 높일 수 있는 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 방법 : 본 연구에서는 안경광학과 재학생 94명을 대상으로 직업윤리, 근로윤리 및 공동체윤리에 대한 인식도를 설문 조사하여 분석하였고, 각 항목 간의 상관관계는 Pearson 상관분석을 이용하였다. 결과 : 직업윤리에 대한 인식도 문항 중에서는 “직업의 의미를 설명할 수 있다”가 3.35±1.41점으로 가장 높은 점수를 보였다. 근로윤리에 대한 인식도 문항 중에서는 “정직의 의미를 설명할 수 있다”가 3.53±0.76점으로 가장 높은 점수를 보였다. 공동체윤리에 대한 인식도 문항 중에서는 “봉사의 의미를 설명할 수 있다”가 3.54±0.74점으 로 가장 높은 점수를 보였다. 직업윤리 인식도가 가장 높은 “직업의 의미를 설명할 수 있다”는 문항과 공동체윤리 인식도가 가장 높은 “봉사의 의미를 설명할 수 있다”는 문항 사이에는 양의 상관관계(r=0.52, p<0.001)가 나타났 다. 또한, 근로윤리 인식도가 가장 높은 “정직의 의미를 설명할 수 있다”는 문항과 공동체윤리 인식도가 가장 높은 “봉사의 의미를 설명할 수 있다”는 문항 사이에서도 양의 상관관계(r=0.72, p<0.001)가 나타났다. 결론 : 안경광학과 재학생들의 안경사 윤리의식 인식 정도가 타 직업군에 비해 낮게 나타났다. 따라서 졸업 후 임상에서 윤리적 책임을 완벽하게 수행하기 위해서는 세분화되고 체계적인 안경사 윤리교육의 내실화가 필요하다 고 생각된다.

This study presents the results of mosquito surveillance monitoring in Chungnam Province from 2017 to 2020. A total of 130,750 mosquitoes were collected, and we analyze variations of mosquito populations with emphasis on the most abundant species. We also provide the field survey data based on the different habitats in Chungnam Province.

In the study, a variation of Haemaphysalis longicornis, a major vector of fever-causing conditions, was statistically analyzed to identify the spatial and climatic factors affecting the time-dependent variations of its population. The survey occurred in different habitats in South Korea. In addition, we developed a predictive model by using a probability function to find the peak occurrence time annually. As a result, the numbers of adults and nymphs were found to be related to temperature and relative humidity and their population peaked at the end of May in all habitats except deciduous forests. This study is expected to provide information on habitat types, times, and climate patterns that require attention to help control H. longicornis populations.

Porous carbon nanofiber (CNF) electrodes for supercapacitors were prepared by using polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and cucurbituril (CB), which is a macrocyclic compound comprising glycoluril units containing hollow cores. Mixture of PAN and CB in dimethyl sulfoxide was electrospun, and thermally treated to produce CNF electrodes. Their thermal stability, surface morphology, carbon microstructures, and surface porosity were investigated. Electrochemical properties were measured using three-electrode with synthesized CNFs without further treatment as a working electrode and 1 M Na2SO4 as an electrolyte. CNFs derived from PAN and CB exhibited a high specific capacitance of 183.5 F g− 1 and an energy density of 25.4 Wh kg− 1 at 0.5 A g− 1 with stable cyclic stability during 1000 cycles, which is significantly higher than those for CNFs derived from PAN only. This demonstrated that the introduction of CB successfully improved the energy storage performance of CNF electrodes.

Abstract Purpose : The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of higher-order aberrations on contrast visual acuity among young adults. Methods : A total of 29 young adults in their 20s were recruited for this study. Contrast visual acuity and higher-order aberrations were measured. Based on the results of contrast visual acuity, a comparison was made between the higher-order aberrations at 100% and 10% contrast levels. Results : The average refractive error correction among the participants was –3.21±1.57 D. The measured values for higher-order aberrations, including defocus, oblique trefoil, vertical coma, horizontal coma, horizontal trefoil, oblique quadrafoil, spherical aberration, and horizontal quadrafoil were –0.326±0.730, -0.026±0.038, 0.042±0047, 0.023±0.048, 0.003±0.038, 0.000±0.022, 0.073±0.027, and 0008±0020 μm. The average high-contrast visual acuity and low-contrast visual acuity among the participants were 1.114±0.304 and 0.686±0.239 logMAR respectively. The analysis of the relationship between higher-order aberrations and contrast visual acuity revealed no significant correlation at high contrast (100%). However, at low contrast (10%), significant correlations were found between oblique trefoil and spherical aberration (p=0.009, p=0.039). Conclusion : Higher-order aberrations have an impact on contrast visual acuity in young adults. Correcting these higher-order aberrations may improve visual quality.

이 연구는 1세대 스마트 온실의 재배환경 데이터와 장미 절 화의 품질 특성 데이터를 수집하고 그 요인들 간의 상관 관계 를 분석하여 절화수명 예측 및 최적 환경 조성의 기초 자료를 얻고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해, 토경재배(SC) 및 암면배지경 양액재배(RWH) 하우스 각 1개소를 선정하여 1년간 기온, 상 대습도(RH) 및 수증기압차(VPD), 일적산광량(DLI), 근권온도 등의 환경 데이터와 매월 말 수확된 장미 ‘Miss Holland’ 절 화의 품질 특성 데이터를 수집하였으며, 이 데이터와 절화수 명과의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 절화수명은 10월과 11월을 제외하고는 SC 하우스에서 RWH 하우스보다 더 길었다. 절 화수명과 환경 및 생육 특성 간의 상관관계 분석에서 SC 하우 스의 상관계수는 RWH 하우스보다 조금 더 높았으며, 절화수 명 예측을 위한 요소들도 두 하우스 간에 차이가 있었다. SC 하우스의 절화수명 Y=0.848X1+0.366X2-0.591X3+2.224X4- 0.171X5+0.47X6+0.321X7+9.836X8-110.219(X1-X8: 최고 RH, RH 일교차, DLI, pH, Hunter’s b value, EC, 절화 장, 잎 두께; R2=0.544)로 예측되었고, RWH 하우스의 절화수명 Y=-1.291X1+52.026X2-0.094X3+0.448X4-3.84X5+0.624X6 - 8.528X7+28.45(X1-X7: 경경, 야간 VPD, 최고 근권온도, 최 저 근권온도, 기온 일교차, RH 일교차, 최고 VPD; R2=0.5243) 로 예측되었다. 이 두 모델식으로부터 SC 하우스에서는 RH, EC 및 pH가, 그리고 RWH 하우스에서는 근권 온도가 절화수명에 더 큰 영향을 미친다는 것을 추론할 수 있다. 따라서 각 재배 방법에 따라 장미의 절화수명에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 환경적 요인을 효율적으로 관리할 필요가 있다.

Background: Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) is introduced species that has caused aquatic ecology activity both in vitro and in vivo were investigated for the possibility of application of the bass extract as an alternative feed ingredient. Methods: The bass oil was extracted using a 1-L supercritical extractor, while the protein was extracted from 250 g of bass dry matter, which was dissolved in 1 mL of H2O at 50℃. Both oil and protein extracts were evaluated antioxidant activities and the level of DPPH radical scavenging assay and nitric oxide (NO) production assay with lipopolysaccharide response. Oral administration of 6.6 μL/g bass protein and 5.38 μL/g bass oil conducted for investigating serological and physiological effect. Results: DPPH radical scavenging showed similar radical scavenging ability of 50 μM of ascorbic acid at 200 μg of protein and 10% of oil treatment. NO concentration was diminished by the treatment of bass oil. Oral administration of both bass oil and proteins to mice showed that the body weight increase rate of the bass oil treated group was significantly reduced by 1.55 g compared to the other groups. The number of white blood cells (WBC) was increased by 4.52 k/μL in the bass protein-treated group and 4.44 k/μL in the bass oil-treated group compared to the control group. However, the serum IgG level did not show a significant difference between the bass extract-treated groups and the control group. Conclusions: These studies demonstrate that both bass oil and proteins extracted from the bass not only provide excellent effects of antioxidant and immune activity but can also be used as functional food supplements.