Logistics company strives for satisfaction of customer service. the internal clients of corporation, the engineers of driver enhance their thinking about customer orientation by education of important about customer services. the study reached the conclusion that result which analyzed the important fact of enhancing customer orientation strategy by AHP show an ability of dealing with customer improves customer orientation strategy. because the desire of customer is various, it is difficult to have standard of dealing thought, the program of improvement of dealing ability should be developed and trained to improve customer orientation.

A number of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) studies have been performed to assess the cognitive status through EEG signal. However, there are a few studies trying to prevent user from unexpected safety-accident in BCI study. The EEGs were collected from 19 subjects who participated in two experiments (rest & event-related potential measurement). There was significant difference in EEG changes of both spontaneous and event-related potential. Beta power and P300 latency may be useful as a biomarker for prevention of response to safety- accident.

This study investigated changes in cognitive ability of intellectual and disability people by supplying two different condition of oxygen (21%, and 92%), during visual matching task. 10 males (average 28.7±4.7 years), and 13 females (average 34.1±7.2 years) in intellectual and disability people were selected as the subjects for this study. The each run consisted of four phases, i.e., Rest (2 min.), Adaptation (1 min.), Control (2 min.) and Task (2 min.). The analysis of cognitive performance with 92% oxygen administration when compared to 21% oxygen revealed that the response time decreased. This result supports the hypothesis that hyperoxic air increase oxygen saturation level in the blood, lead to more available oxygen to the brain, thus increase the ability of cognitive processing of intellectual and disability people.

The purpose of this study was to examine the outdoor sportswear purchase behavior, outdoorwear sportswear brand preference, functional fabric awareness, and benefits sought. The research was performed through in-depth interview during February to March 2011. Data were collected from 10 consumers who had purchased outdoor sportswear and experienced camping in 6 months. First, the results from study showed that functionality/comfortability, design, color, and brand name were important factors in selecting outdoor sportswear. Offline stores were the main place to purchase, however, internet shopping mall and portal online community were another shopping channel as well. Second, respondents preferred imported outdoor sportswear brand to national brand. According to the study, the respondents trusted the imported outdoor sportswear quality based on the brand name, value, and brand history more than national brand. Third, consumers who had low functional fabric awareness were more likely to evaluate apparel products based on the brand name. Knowledge levels for textile functions were high in elastic, UV protection, air permeable, and antibacterial properties. The essential features for camping were water absorbing and quick dry, water resistance, wind proof, UV protection, and fire retardant properties. Finally the results showed that there were two sportswear benefit soughts: functionality and status ostentation.

This study was conducted in order to better understand the local and specialty foods of the Yeong-ju region. This study provides basic data for new menu development and commercialization. The results of 384 surveys, which were conducted to determine traditional rice cake production methods and their traits, were analyzed. Samgyetang was ranked top in the survey on recognition, public interest, and frequency of the local foods. Dakjuk was ranked second, followed by Baechujeon and Bopguk, in order. The levels of recognition and preference of specialty foods were in the order of hasuo, peach, apple, and meat. Among the answers in the survey on the popularization and commercialization of local foods, changing of the cooking style for younger generations' taste was considered to be the most important. Holding events to promote regional specialty foods and initiate the public to traditional cooking styles were listed sequentially by importance. The survey results show that promotion of local foods through education, and as well as incorporation of new ingredients are both highly effective ways to commercialize local foods for tourism. The results also indicate that taste, nutrition, and appearance of food should be considered in order to improve quality.

To promote use of nutrition labels, degrees of awareness, use, and satisfaction of nutrition labeling on eating-out menus were investigated by a self-recorded questionnaire from May to July 2010 in 629 participants who visited four bakery chains (n=409) and three ice-cream chains (n=220) located in Daejeon. Of the subjects 53.4% were female, 68.8% aged 20~29 years, and 59.3% visited bakery or ice-cream stores 1~3 times per month. Only 38.2% of participants had knowledge of nutrition-labeling mandates for eating-out menus, and 74.9% had seen labels before in bakery and ice-cream stores. Most subjects understood calorie amount and daily value of sodium very well, but they failed to understand the meaning of daily value. Only 21.2% of the subjects understood nutrition label information completely. Of the participants, 46.7% read nutrition labels in bakery or ice-cream stores when purchasing. Among the subjects who read the labels, 77.2% (36.1% of total subjects) referred to the label information when selecting a menu and 46.9% (21.9% of total subjects) had experienced altering their menu choice based on the information. Exactly 53.3% of subjects answered they did not read nutrition labels since they were not interested or had no time, or because the labels were not noticeable. Satisfaction of the place, timing, and format of nutrition labels at bakery and ice-cream stores fell below average overall. Many subjects wanted trans fat and cholesterol to be added to the labels. In conclusion, degrees of perception, use, and satisfaction of nutrition labels at bakery and ice-cream stores were still low. More effective publicity and consumer education about nutrition labeling will be necessary, and bakery or ice-cream companies should make efforts to improve nutrition labeling such as providing format and place.

본 연구의 목표는 일반적으로 사람들이 일상에서의 추위 노출 시간을 고려하여 단기간 추위노출과 지속적인 장기간의 추위 노출이 인지기능과 뇌의 신경세포생성과 신경전달물질에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. 실험 방법으로 인지행동검사(Behavior test)와 면역조직화학법(Immunohistochemistry Method)을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서는 7주령(평균체중 250±10g) Sprague-Dawley 계열의 수컷 흰쥐(n=40)를 사용하여, 무선배치 방식으로 상온 대조군(n=10), 저온 3일군(n=10), 저온 5주군(n=10)으로 분류 하였다. 22℃(상대습도 40%)의 온도는 상온으로 설정 하였고, 4℃(상대습도 40%)는 추위 스트레스 환경으로 설정 하였다. 수동회피실험의 결과에 의하면, 추위 스트레스는 기억력의 감소를 가져왔다. 그러나 추위 스트레스에 의한 기억력 감소의 보상작용으로 신경전달 물질인 5-HT와 TPH의 증가가 나타나는 것을 면역조직화학법을 통해 해부시경학적으로 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 보상작용에 의한 새로운 신경세포생성 증가가 기억력을 정상상태로 회복시키지는 못하였다.

This study was performed to investigate the level and recognition and interest in nutrition labeling in restaurants according to consumer interest levels in health and to suggest its application to restaurant lunches. By considering various statistics and data on the frequency of reasons for dining-out, this study examined worker restaurant lunches and investigated the level of recognition of interest in nutrition labeling, the type of nutrition information that is of interest and the preferred format of labeling according to the level of interest in health. According to the results, while the frequency of dining-out by workers was high, their consideration for health and nutrition labeling in restaurants was low. However, a high percentage of consumers responded that nutrition labeling was a customer right and necessary to improve the quality of menu items as well as public health. Therefore, active promotion of nutrition labeling in the dining industry is necessary. Interest levels in additives, product origin and menu ingredients indicated in restaurant menus were higher than for nutritional information such as nutrients and calories. When the preferred format for providing nutrition information was investigated, consumers preferred information written on a menu board, and they wanted to broaden the range of information included in nutrition labeling for menu items beyond calories and nutritional facts. Based on these results, recognition of nutrition labeling in restaurants was found to below and the interest level in health was also lower than expected. However, most consumers responded that nutrition labeling was helpful in choosing menu items can be a tool for nutrition education and can play a role in improving the recognition of nutrition. Therefore, active promotion of nutrition labeling by the dining industry is necessary.

This paper reviewed the relationship between organizational commitment and incremental innovation, and the moderating effect of tenure. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis, based on the responses from 434 employees in service industry, showed that affective and nonnative commitment relates positively with incremental innovation, but continuous commitment relates negatively with incremental innovation. In the moderating effects, affective commitment appeared to have more negative effect on operation innovation in longer tenure employee group, and also nonnative commitment appeared to have more negative effect on process and service innovation in longer tenure employee group.

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 한국형 전산화 인지재활 프로그램인 코트라스가 인지장애가 있는 뇌졸중 환자의 인지능력회복과 일상생활활동 수행 능력 향상에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위함이다. 연구 방법 : 연구대상은 인지장애가 있는 뇌졸중 환자 70명으로 그 중 40명은 코트라스로 전산화 인지재활 프로그램 훈련을 18회 훈련을 받았고, 30명은 인지 훈련을 받지 않았다. 처치 전후 인지능력의 변화를 알아보기 위하여 사용한 인지평가도구는 Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE-K), Motor-Free Visual Perception Test(MVPT), Lowenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment(LOTCA)이고, 일상생활 활동 능력의 변화를 보기 위하여 Functional Independent Measure(FIM)을 사용하였다. 결과 : 코트라스 집단이 세 가지 인지평가도구에서 처치 전보다 처치 후 평균점수가 높았다(p<.01). 그리고 집단 간비교에서는 코트라스 집단이 무처치 집단보다 MVPT와 LOTCA에서 평균점수가 높았다(p<.05). LOTCA에서는 집단 간과 집단 내 상호작용이 존재하였으므로 코트라스 집단이 무처치 집단보다 평균점수가 높다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 일상생활활동은 코트라스 처치 전보다 처치 후 FIM 평균점수가 더 높았다(p<.01) 결론 : 한국형 전산화 인지재활 프로그램인 코트라스는 뇌졸중 환자의 인지와 지각능력을 향상시키는 효과가 있었고, 일상생활활동 수행능력에 긍정적인 영향을 주었다. 추후 연구에서는 특별한 인지요소들과 다양한 환자를 대상으로 코트라스의 효과를 검증할 필요가 있다.

A survey of consumer awareness and attitudes was conducted about genetically modified (GM) foods and the labeling regulations. The questionnaires were distributed to 4,620 consumers who lived in a variety of areas in Korea, and 4,076 people responded. The consumers were asked about knowledge, labeling information, and the source of obtaining information about GM foods. More than 11.5% of the consumers had never heard about GM foods and 86.9% of consumers had less than a normal level of knowledge about GM foods. No statistically significant relationship was found between genders, but the teachers group had moderate knowledge (p<0.001). In total, 28.4% of consumers did not know the GMO labeling regulations. They answered that the reason to buy GM food was do not know>nothing wrong>create benefit>think as safe>inexpensive. The answers to the question of what was the first benefit were: solve food shortage>functional and nutritious food>cultivate in bad condition>nothing>various cultivars. They answered that the worst factor was the next generation effect>environmental disruption. Regarding the development of GM food in Korea, males answered do not know>stronglyrecommend>defer>strongly suppress. Female answered: don't know>defer>strongly recommend>strongly suppress. More than half of the respondents did not have much information about GM foods; 88.3% of respondents answered they did not have educational experience about GM food.

The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of a nutrition education program of reducing children`s sugar intake based on social cognitive theory. This education program composed of 6 units was conducted in discretional activity class of the 3rd and 4th grade elementary school students. The results are as follows: First, the rate of correct answers and score of nutrition knowledge significantly increased after nutrition education. The scores of nutrition education in male students, students whose mothers have no job, and students with skinny physiques were much improved after nutrition education(p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001, respectively). Second, the dietary attitudes toward reducing sugar intake and checking nutrition labels significantly improved(p<0.05). And also, it tended to decrease in preference and intake of sweet foods. Third, the consumption of candy·caramel·jelly(p<0.05), yogurt(p<0.05), jam·honey(p<0.05), and ice cream(p<0.001) were reduced after nutrition education. Besides, obese students` consumption of isotonic beverages, carbonated beverages, and fruit juice was reduced. Therefore, a positive change in dietary behavior appeared. Based on the above results, we confirmed that the nutrition education program focusing on reducing sugar intake applied with social cognitive theory was effective for improving the nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and dietary behavior in sugar intake in elementary school students. Especially, this program showed the improvement in nutrition knowledge as well as dietary attitude and behavior in sugar intake among obese children. Since nutrition education during childhood significantly influences lifetime-health and disease prevention, it is necessary to develop theory-based nutrition education program and practice systematic and constant nutrition education in elementary schools.

The purpose of this study was to identify the determinants of traditional food perception, by taking the generation effect into account. This study also analyzed the preference patterns of traditional snacks and the strength as well as direction of improvement for traditional foods. Data were collected from 304 housewives living in the Baeong-Nyeong-Do island. Regression analysis showed that the determinants of traditional food perception varied depending on the generation of housewives. In the 30s age subgroup, income and family type were significantly related with the degree of traditional food perception. In the 40s age subgroup, household income, education, and hometown location were significant, whereas household income, family type, number of years of life spent in the Baeong-Nyeong-Do island, hometown location were the significant factors in the 50s and 60s age subgroup. The results of factor analysis showed that there were three preference patterns of traditional snacks. The results of chi-square analysis proved that foods for strength, and direction of improvement for traditional foods were different among the generation groups. In this article, similarities and differences between determinants of traditional foods, the strength and direction of improvement for traditional foods are discussed, and their implications for nutritionists as well as food marketers are provided.

목적 : 시각장애학생의 일상생활활동, 수단적 일상생활활동, 인지능력을 알아보기 위함이다. 대상 : 특수학교를 다니고 있는 15-22세 사이의 시각장애학생 50명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구방법 : 일상생활활동수행력을 알아보기 위해 FIM을 사용하였고, 수단적 일상생활활동수행력을 알아보기 위해 K-IADL을 사용하였으며, 인지능력을 알아보기 위해 NCSE를 사용하였다. 성별에 따른 수행력을 알아보기 위해 t-test를 실시하였고, 장애등급에 따른 수행력을 알아보기 위해 one-way ANOVA를 실시하였다. 결과 : 성별에 따라 일상생활활동 수행력과 수단적 일상생활활동수행력은 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 장애등급에 따라서는 인지 능력만 유의한 차이를 보였다. 결론 : 성별에 따른 일상생활활동 수행력과 수단적 일상생활활동 수행력은 남자보다 여자가 더 독립적임을 알 수 있었으며, 장애등급에 따라서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 인지능력은 남자보다 여자가 더 높은 수준을 보였으며, 장애등급에 따라서도 유의한 차이를 보였다.

목적 : 사례연구를 통해 근거중심의 컴퓨터-보조 인지 프로그램 중 전산화 인지재활프로그램(COMCOG)을 이용하여 치매환자의 기억력 감퇴에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 알아봄으로써 전산화 신경 인지재활 치료에 기여할 수 있는 기초 자료를 제공 하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 본 연구 대상자는 알츠하이머 진단을 받은 77세 노인 환자이다. 대상자의 인지치료는 COMCOG를 사용하였으며, 대상자의 인지기능은 CARDS, MMSE-K, COPM, ACLS를 사용하여 평가하였다. 치료 기간은 2010년 11월 20일부터 동년 12 월 21일까지 주 5회 4주간 총 20회기였다. 결과 : 컴퓨터-보조 인지 프로그램을 이용한 인지치료 훈련은 실험 전보다 실험 후 지남력(시간, 장소, 사람), 단어지연회상(10개 단어, 물건), 재인지(10개 단어, 물건), 최근기억, 과거기억에서 의미 있게 향상된 결과를 보였다. 또한 컴퓨터-보조 인지 프로그램을 이용한 인지치료 훈련은 MMSE-K와 ACLS, COPM에서 향상된 결과를 나타내었다. 결론 : 본 연구에서 컴퓨터-보조 인지 프로그램 사용이 치매환자의 기억력에 영향을 미친다고 볼 수 있으며, 조기에 컴퓨터- 보조 인지 치료적 접근방법을 사용한다면 환자들의 삶의 질은 크게 향상시킬 수 있을 것이며, 임상에서 유용하게 사용될 것으로 생각되어진다.

목적 : 이 연구의 목적은 급성기 뇌졸중 환자의 뇌졸중 후 우울증과 인지 및 상지기능과의 상관관계를 조사하고, 우 울상태변화가 인지 및 상지기능회복에 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 부산 P 재활의학병원에서 재활치료를 받고 있는 환자 중 발병 후 6개월 이전, Korean version of Mini- Mental State Examination (MMSE-K) 20점 이상인 뇌졸중 환자 15명을 대상으로 Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Korean version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-K), Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination (NCSE), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA)와 Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test를 실시하였다. BDI의 초기평가에서 우울군과 비우울군으로 나누고, 우울군의 8주 후 재평가에서 우울감소군과 무변화군으로 나 누어 분석하였다. 결과 : BDI와 인지 및 상지기능 간에는 유의한 상관관계가 관찰되지 않았으나, BDI 점수의 변화량은 NCSE 및 FMA 변화량과 각각 의미 있는 상관관계(p<.05)를 보였다. 또, 상지기능 점수의 변화는 무변화군에 비해 우울감소 군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 향상되었다(p<.05). 결론 : 뇌졸중 후 우울의 정도가 감소됨에 따라 상지기능회복에 영향을 미칠 수 있으므로 재활초기에 뇌졸중 후 우 울증에 대한 고려가 필요하다.

본 연구에서는 운전자의 일관성 있는 교통 정보 학습과정을 기반으로 한 일별 동적 모형을 개발하였다. 개발된 모형은 교통 정보 서비스의 효과 분석이 가능한 형태의 체계를 갖추었다. 즉, 교통 시스템에는 교통 정보 서비스 업체(ISP, Information Service Provider)가 존재하며, ISP의 가입자는 과거 실시간 교통 정보를 제공받으며, 이를 바탕으로 경로를 선택한다. 반면, 교통 정보 미가입자는 개인의 경험 또는 친구, 교통방송 등을 통해서만 교통 정보를 학습하게 된다. 운전자의 경로 선택은 Boundedly-rational 모형으로 표현되었으며, 주어진 동적 통행 수요와 경로 선택에 따른 도로 교통망의 성능을 평가하기 위해 미시 교통 시뮬레이션 모형 (파라믹스)이 사용되었다. 개발된 모형은 실제 도로망에 적용되었으며, 도출된 결과는 개발된 모형의 수렴성과 일관성있는 교통 정보 학습 모형의 효과를 입증하였다.