Ground source heat pumps are clean, energy-efficient and environment-friendly systems. Although the initial cost of ground source heat pump system is higher than that of air source heat pump, it is now widely accepted as an economical system since the installation cost can be returned within an short period of time due to its high efficiency. In the present study, performances of ground source compound hybrid heat pump system applied to a resort building are simulated. The system design and operation process appropriate for the surrounding circumstance guarantee the high benefit of the heat pump system applied to a resort building. If among several renewable energy sources, ground, river, sea, waste water source are chosen as available alternative energies are combined, COP of the system can be increased largely and hybrid heat pump system can reduced the fuel cost.

Eu3+ -doped Y2O3 red phosphor was synthesized in a flux method using the chemicals Y2O3, Eu2O3,H3BO3 and BaCl2·2H2O. The effect of a flux addition on the preparation of Y2O3:Eu3+ red phosphor used asa cold cathode fluorescence lamp was investigated. H3BO3 and BaCl2·2H2O fluxes were used due to theirdifferent melting points. The crystallinity, thermal properties, morphology, and emission characteristics weremeasured using XRD, TG-DTA, SEM, and a photo-excited spectrometer. Under UV excitation of 254nm, Eu2O33.7mol% doped Y2O3 exhibited a strong narrow-band red emission, peaking at 612nm. From this result, thephosphor synthesized by firing Y2O3 with 3.7mol% of Eu2O3, 0.25mol% of H3BO3 and 0.5mol% of BaCl2·2H2Ofluxes at 1400oC for 2 hours had a larger particle size of 4µm on average compared to the phosphor of theH3BO3 flux alone. In addition, a phosphor synthesized by the two fluxes together had a rounder corner shape,which led to the maximum emission intensity.

Despite research to treat delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), no effective treatment has been reported. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of a hold-relax technique and cryotherapy on DOMS. Thirty-three subjects were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: control, hold-relax technique, or hold-relax technique and cryotherapy. DOMS was induced in the non-dominant biceps muscle through repeated eccentric contractions. Resting elbow joint position, flexion and extension (universal goniometer), pain (Visual Analogue Scale; VAS), and WBC count (blood analysis) were measured one hour before DOMS was induced and 24, 48, and 72 hours after DOMS was induced. The data were analyzed by repeated measure of two-way ANOVA. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1) While analysis showed no significant differences between groups in relation to a resting elbow joint position, there were significant differences over time, especially at 24, 48 hours after DOMS was induced compared with resting elbow joint position before DOMS was induced. 2) While analysis showed no significant differences between groups in relation to range of flexion, there were significant differences between range of flexion before DOMS was induced and range of flexion 72 hours after DOMS was induced. 3) There were no significant differences between groups or over time in relation to range of extension. 4) While analysis showed no significant differences between groups in relation to VAS, there were significant differences over time in different hours. 5) There were no significant differences between groups or over time in relation to WBC count. 6) There were no interactions between groups or over time in all variables. This results suggested that hold-relax technique and cryotherapy were not effective to reduce DOMS.

The research of cold therapy is preceding rarely nowadays. This study was researched to measure the skin temperature of the right foot malleolus when the leg change the situation precisely speaking it was cold, elevation, cold plus elevation. Twenty young healthy volunteers(M:10, F:10)with no history of cardiopulmonary disease, peripheral artery disease were tested. This study were analyzed by one-way-repeated ANOVA. In the first we examined the within changes of the skin temperature between before and after examination for each modality. The skin temperature at all of modalities had fallen. Therefore we could know the fact that elevation plus cold modality had fallen skin temperature significantly more than elevation or cold. And there were no significant difference between male and female. We conclude that elevation and cold therapy could be better effective on edema, contusion and sprain than cold or elevation therapy independently.

천연 식품재료를 대상으로 superoxide dismutase 활성 측정법을 이용 superoxide radical 소거능에 대하여 검색하였다. 총 47종의 시료중 냉이 buffer 추출물이 11.6 unit/㎎ solid의 비교적 높은 활성을 나타내었으므로 이후 실험이 대상시료로 선정하였다. 냉이의 최적 추출용매를 선정하기 위하여 각종 용매로 추출한 후 수소공여능 및 linoleic acid에 대한 과산화지질 형성 억제능을 조사한 결과 에탄올 추출물에서 가장 높은 활성을 보였다. 냉이 에탄올 추출물은 50℃에서의 대두유 자동산화에 대해 항산화 활성을 나타내었으며, 에탄올 추출물 0.2% 첨가시 대조구에 비해 유도기간이 약 2배 증가하는 효과를 나타내었다.

In this study, from the material properties of the aggregates into the actual applications were evaluated for utilizingthe air-cooled blast furnace slag as the coarse aggregates (SG) in PHC piles. The physical and chemical characters ofthe SG were satisfied the standards presented in KS F 2544 for concrete blast furnace slag aggregates. And it was satisfiedthe environmental-factor-evaluation, including the soluble, heavy metal elution and total mercury content, and etc. In casethe non-washed type SG is used, the S/A ratio adjustment according to micro-powder of the aggregate surface and chemicaladmixture adjustment are needed in order to satisfy the aimed material properties. As the replacement ratio of SGincreased, the manifestation rate of compressive strength of the PHC piles was decreased. Particularly, in case non-washingtype SG, the manifestation rate more decreased. Therefore, the elimination of the pop-out materials and cleaning processare necessary for the production process for using the SG as coarse aggregates of PHC Piles

폐기물을 이용한 재활용제품은 자원의 절약과 재활용촉진에 관한 법률에 폐목제 고형연료(WCF), 폐플라스틱 고형연료(RPF), 폐타이어 고형연료(TDF), 생활폐기물 고형연료(RDF)로 규정되어 있다. 이중에서 폐플라스틱 고형연료(RDF)의 저위발열량은 6,000 kcal/kg 이상으로 명시되어 있다. 폐플라스틱 고형연료(RDF)의 제조과정에서 발생되는 잔류물은 일부가 공정으로 재투입되기도 하지만 경제성과 공정의 효율적인 운영을 이유로 대부분 폐기처분되고 있다. 이렇게 폐기처분되는 폐플라스틱 고형연료(RDF) 잔류물이 보유하고 있는 물리 화학적 에너지는 생활폐기물과 비교해도 손색이 없을 정도이다. 본 연구에서는 두 종류의 폐플라스틱 고형연료(RDF) 잔류물을 이용하여 운전 조건별로 생산되는 합성가스의 특성을 비교하였다. 실험에 사용된 폐기물 시료의 습윤 저위발열량은 각각 5,228 kcal/kg, 4,454 kcal/kg으로 분석되었다. 운전 조건으로는 폐기물 투입속도, 등가비(Φ), 반응영역의 온도이며 조건별로 Test #1부터 #3까지 구분하였다. 실험 결과 합성가스 조성(CO+H2)은 56.3% ~ 63.1%, 합성가스 유량은 124.2 Nm³/h ~ 138.8 Nm³/h, 냉가스효율은 57.4% ~ 63.9%로 나타났다. 등가비가 증가할수록 합성가스의 조성이 증가하였으며 반응영역의 온도가 감소하는 것으로 분석되었다.

본 연구는 건물에너지 효율 향상을 위한 목적으로 기상데이터 변화에 따른 건물 냉 난방부하량을 예측하고 결과를 비교 분석한 것으로, 연구 성과는 다음과 같다. 1)기상청에서 입수데이터를 평가툴인 ESP-r에 활용할 수 있도록 항목별 기상데이터를 개발하였다. 표준기상 데이터의 외기온도, 습도, 풍속은 대부분의 경우 기상청데이터 보다 크거나 높았다. 수평면전일사량은 기상청데이터가 높았고, 직달일사량은 겨울철에는 표준기상데이터가, 여름철에는 기상청데이터가 많은 것으로 나타났다. 2)대학교 캠퍼스 내에 신축된 후생복지관을 대상으로 한 시뮬레이션 결과, 최대난방부하의 경우 표준년도, 2006년, 2009년이 비슷한 반면 2007년은 표준년도 대비 81%, 2008년은 96% 수준이었고, 연간난방부하는 2006년, 2008년의 순으로 난방수요가 많았다. 한편, 냉방부하의 경우에는, 상대적으로 최대냉방부하가 큰 2007년, 2009년의 연간 냉방부하보다 최대냉방부하가 가장 적은 2008년의 연간냉방부하가 더 큰 결과를 보였다. 3)냉 난방기기의 상당시간가동률을 평가한 결과, 표준년도의 최대부하대비 상당시간가동률은 2006~2009년이 표준년도에 비해 대부분 가동률이 낮았다.

Cool island intensity urban green space was investigated based in Dalsung Park, that is one of the largest parks in Daegu. Cool island intensity(CII), which is defined as the temperature difference between the green space and its surrounding built-up areas, shows time variations. A through-year measurement(2008-2009) of ground level air temperature revealed seasonal variation and relationship to the atmospheric condition of CII. The temperature variation in the park and the reference downtown Daegu was as same order as CII. The noontime CII is larger in summer than that in winter due to the leaf fall of the park trees. On the other hand, seasonal variation of nighttime CII is not so clear. The nighttime CII was larger under the stable atmosphere.

냉압착 들기름과 볶음 압착 들기름 및 볶음 가열 압착 들기름의 가열산화에 의한 색도 및 갈변도, 총 페놀 함량, 과산화물가, 산가, 이중공액산가, 전자공여능 및 지방산 함량 변화를 측정하여 각 들기름의 특성 및 가열산화에 의한 품질을 비교하였다. 냉압착 들기름은 Hunter L 값은 76.62로서 볶음 압착 들기름의 39.77에 비하여 2배 이상 높게 나타났으며, 갈색도의 경우에도 각각 0.027과 0.244을 나타내어 냉압착유의 갈색화 정도가

We investigated the natural antimicrobial activities of Capsella bursa-pastoris water, methanol, and ethanol extracts. Antimicrobial activities of these extracts and sodium benzoate on Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli were compared. The inhibition zone diameters of the methanol and ethanol extracts of Capsella bursa-pastoris were 13-20 mm and 12-20 mm, respectively, which were larger than those of sodium benzoate (11-15 mm). The minimum inhibitory concentrations of Capsella bursa-pastoris methanol and ethanol extracts were 12.5-20 mg/mL. These results indicate that Capsella bursa-pastoris methanol and ethanol extracts can be used as natural antimicrobial agents.