The objectives of this study were to: a) examine foreign customers’ satisfaction and expectations for the food and service attributes of Korean restaurants located in the U.S., b) measure the gap between the satisfaction and expectations for food and service attributes, c) analyze through IPA analysis the crucial attributes needing improvement in order to minimize the discrepancy between customers’ expectations and performance, and d) analyze the effects of factors related to the food and service attributes on overall customer satisfaction in regard to Korean restaurant selection. A total of 255 American customers who had visited four Korean restaurants located within metropolitan and rural areas of the U.S. were surveyed for this study. Statistical analyses, including t-tests, factor analysis, and multiple regression, were performed using the SPSS statistical package (12.0). The American customers’ overall satisfaction of the food and services offered by the Korean restaurants was relatively high, with the exception of tangible service attributes such as comfortable chairs, restroom cleanliness, and restaurant interior. The urban foreign customers, however, were dissatisfied with the use of healthful ingredients in Korean food, because their expectation level toward this aspect exceeded their satisfaction level. In terms of Korean restaurant selection, tangible services related to the restaurant facilities were identified as the critical factor having an effect on American customer satisfaction.

To evaluate environment of farm lands using indicator insects and evaluation indices, the insect abundance of which is one of the major criteria for the evaluation of agricultural environment of farm land in urban areas and industrial complex, three sites (Ansan, Daesan, Suncheon) were designated and monitored from 2004 to 2006. The flora of agricultural land was more than urban areas and industrial complex of that in three sites. Soil, water and air pollution of urban areas and industrial complex were more serious than those of agricultural land in three sites. Overall population of insects were high from June to August in the surveyed three sites. Collected insects in agricultural land were 12 order, 106 family and 166 species, those in urban areas were 11 order, 102 family and 148 species, and in industrial complex were 11 order, 100 family and 152 species. Species and population belonging to Coleoptera was dominant in the surveyed sites. The insect diversity indices of farm land were 2.36 in agricultural land, 1.92 urban areas and industrial complex. And agricultural environment of agricultural land was good, urban areas was common and industrial complex was poor. Based on the major criteria of evaluation items, the criteria were selected as diversity index over 2.1, insect indicator Pheropsophus javanus in agricultural land, diversity index 1.5-2.0, insect indicator Nephotettix cincticeps in urban areas, diversity index below 1.5, insect indicator Pagria signata in industrial complex.

최근 IMF 체제하에서 우리경제의 탈출구로 수출확대가 강조되고 있으며, 우리나라의 중소기업들도 수출로 이 난국의 돌파구를 찾겠다고 노력하고 있다. 중소기업이 제한된 자원을 가지고 국제시장을 개척하기 어려운데도 불구하고 높은 수출성과를 올리는 중소기업이 있는가 하면, 그렇지 못한 기업들도 있다. 본 연구는 이들 중소기업간을 구분하여 주는 수출관련변수가 무엇인지를 발견해 보고자 탐험적으로 시도되었다. 선행연구들의 고찰을 토대로 하여 작성된 설문지를 부산지역에 소재 하는 167개 중소수출업체를 대상으로 직접방문면담조사 하였다. 수집된 자료를 판별분석해 본 결과, 수출성과(수출이익률과 수출증가율)에 의해 구분한 4개 수출중소기업군(경쟁우위군(고수출이익률-고수출증가율), 현상유지군(고수출이익률-저수출증가율), 성장잠재군(저수출이익률-고수출증가율), 그리고 상대적열위군(저수출이익률-저수출증가율))을 구분하는 주요한 변수로는 자사상표부착 수출비중, 수출지역수, 국내수출경쟁업체수, 국외수출경쟁업체수, 수출주력제품수, 수출거래처수 등으로 나타났다. 이러한 발견점을 토대로 하여 중소기업의 수출성과를 향상시키기 위한 방안을 결론에서 제시하였다.

A survey of 28 school foodservice establishments in Seoul and Kangnung was undertaken and detailed information was collected from 3,590 elementary school students. Childrert's satisfaction with the quality of school food was evaluated by questionnaires. It was measured by assessing 15 variables. Statistical data analysis was using SAS package program for descriptive analysis and T-test. Elementary schools in Seoul were all located in urban areas, whereas elementary schools in Kangnung were in urban areas (40.4%), provincial areas (40.0%) and in isolated areas (20.0%). Children seemed to be generally satisfied with the food served, with the lowest score of milk. Mean wastes for soups and Kimchi were found to be larger than those for milk and side dishes. The major reasons for leaving leftover were 'dislike the food (27.4%)'>'too big portion size (23.6%)'>'food is not tasty (19.2%)'>'low appetite (17.6%)'>'food is too overcooked or undercooked (3.9%)'>'food is not hot enough (3.2%)' in order.

This study investigates whether capital structure in international joint ventures conforms to the norms of dominant partners, follows the local norms, or has mixtures of local and foreign norms, or varies to exploit economic opportunities and firm specific advantages. The results of this study show that it follows neither local nor foreign norms. Factors such as industry classification, size, tax rate and years of establishment are not significant determinants of capital structure, either. Percentage of foreign owned equity and profitability are significant factors. Importance of ownership and profitability seems to suggest that firm specific or environmental variables play an important role in deciding capital structure in international joint ventures.

The paper aims to evaluate the combination of strategies that influence the success of New Technology Based Firms (NTBFs) located in isolated areas with resource constraints. We utilize the Kauffman Firm Survey to construct a subset of 224 firms operating in primary metal manufacturing industries and who are located in non-thriving areas. We focus on the impact of technological strategy, in the form of Inward Technology Licensing (ITL), combined with financial strategy, in the form of increased financial slack. Using a negative binomial-specification technique to model these relations, we find that ITL positively impacts internal innovation in the firm and this relation is strengthened by the presence of greater financial slack. This positive impact of financial slack supports the behavioral theory of the firm rather than agency theory in that financial slack enables further innovation rather than stifling it. This research confirms the importance of resource acquisition, suggesting that entrepreneurs may utilize external sources of knowledge in an effort to build a favorable situation when facing the challenges of location. Finally, by presenting evidence showing the compatibility of a financial strategy with a knowledge strategy (ITL), this study emphasizes the importance to entrepreneurs of choosing the proper combination of varying strategies.

In this study, field survey was carried out on reinforced earth retaining wall located on the expressway, and the damage type was classified and basic data about the state evaluation method was prepared

The airborne chlorides environment by de-icing salts of retaioning wall in motorway were examined. It was found that in the retaining wall, height of 14m, the airborne chlorides tend to be decreased by height ranged between 81.0-73.8%.

Analysis of lunar samples returned by the US Apollo missions revealed that the lunar highlands consist of anorthosite, plagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine; also, the lunar maria are composed of materials such as basalt and ilmenite. More recently, the remote sensing approach has enabled reduction of the time required to investigate the entire lunar surface, compared to the approach of returning samples. Moreover, remote sensing has also made it possible to determine the existence of specific minerals and to examine wide areas. In this paper, an investigation was performed on the reflectance distribution and its trend. The results were applied to the example of the double ray stretched in parallel lines from the Tycho crater to the third-quadrant of Mare Nubium. Basic research and background information for the investigation of lunar surface characteristics is also presented. For this research, resources aboard the SELenological and ENgineering Explorer (SELENE), a Japanese lunar probe, were used. These included the Multiband Imager (MI) in the Lunar Imager / Spectrometer (LISM). The data of these instruments were edited through the toolkit, an image editing and analysis tool, Exelis Visual Information Solution (ENVI).

본 연구는 벼의 출수 후 일수에 따라 수발아 양상을 조사하고 수발아 피해가 발생할 수 있는 시기를 예측하여 수발아 방제를 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 수행하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 벼 등숙기간 중 호품벼는 출수 후 20일, 신동진벼는 출수 후 30일부터 수발아 조건이 충족되면 발아가 시작되었으며, 50% 이상의 종자가 발아력을 갖는 시기는 호품벼가 약 35일, 신동진벼가 약 45일이었고, 출수 후 50일에는 두 품종에서 모두 80% 이상의 종자가 발아하였다. 2. 한 이삭 내에서 종자의 위치에 따른 수발아의 순서는 상위부 > 중위부 > 하위부 순으로 나타났으며 지경별로는 2차 지경보다는 1차 지경의 것이 높게 나타났다. 3. 수발아 검정 시 미발아된 종자는 배의 미숙, 종자휴면, 종자의 등숙불량 (불완전립)이 원인인 것으로 판단되었다. 4. 출수 후 30~45일의 등숙중기에 신동진벼는 호품벼보다 종자 휴면성이 높았다.

본 연구는 재중(在中) 한국인 유치원 교사들이 교직생활에서 경험한 교육과정 운영, 유아들의 생활을 질적으로 탐구하고 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 중국 산동성 칭다오(靑島)시 C한국학교 병설유치원 교사 3명과 K한국국제학교 부설유치원 교사 1명의 면담, 교사저널, 연구자의 약기, 기타 자료를 수집하여 질적으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 재중 한국인 유치원 교사들이 경험한 교육과정 운영은 본국과 연계된 교육과정으로 가르치기, 전문성 개선의 한계를 느끼는 외로운 타국살이, 타국에서 한국의 새싹들을 가르치는 교사이면서 애국자로 나타났다. 재중 한국인 유치원 교사들이 경험한 유아들의 생활은 유아들에게서 느껴지는 자연스러운 이중문화, 변해가는 유아들에 대한 안타까움, 유아들에게 정체성 확립시켜 주기로 나타났다. 또한 재중 한국인 유치원 교사들이 경험한 학부모와의 관계는 학부모들과 함께 소통하기, 때로 어려운 가정과의 연계, 학부모들에게 받은 감사 그리고 응원으로 나타났다.

In recent years, the number of walking-tourists who visit Jeju olle trail are increasing every year and the ripple effect is a rapid change on the roles and leadership of local people in rural villages. The reason for the change is that most Jeju Olle Trails cuts through the rural village in Jeju island. However, most of travelers just walked along the trails, no one was interested about villages along the Olle roads. For these reasons, many rural villages would not get any benefits such as non-farm income, sales profit and also can not activate the facility of village and infrastructure. Therefore, we study on Revitalization Method for rural villages through the Analysis of characteristics of tourist in Jeju Olle Trails and a field survey research too. In this process, we investigated the status and characteristics of the rural villages of Jeju island in the first step. Then, we considered the distinct characteristics and factors for improving of the 10 places with site investigation where were recommended by Jeju Olle Corporation and Jeju Agricultural Technology Center in second step. Lastly, we arranged the resident's requirement and result of survey and interview with leaders of rural village. As a result, we suggest the activation methods for residents and leaders of rural area and this study is also expected to help management of rural villages and also is an important study to improve importance of utilizing of more people visiting in Jeju Olle Trails.

The seasonal variations of ozone (O3) concentrations were investigated with regard to the relationship between O3 and wind distributions at two different sites (Jung Ang (JA): a semi-closed topography and Seo Chang (SC): a closed topography) within a valley city (Yangsan) and their comparison between these sites (JA and SC) and two non-valley sites (Dae Jeo (DJ) and Sang Nam (SN)) located downwind from coastal cities (Busan and Ulsan). This analysis was performed using the data sets of hourly O3 concentrations, meteorological factors (especially, wind speed and direction), and those on high O3 days exceeding the 8-h standard (60 ppb) during 2008-2009. In summer and fall (especially in June and October), the monthly mean values of the daily maximum O3 concentrations and the number of high O3 days at JA (and SC) were relatively higher than those at DJ (and SN). The increase in daytime O3 concentrations at JA in June was likely to be primarily impacted by the transport of O3 and its precursors from the coastal emission sources in Busan along the dominant southwesterly winds (about 5 m/s) under the penetration of sea breeze condition, compared to other months and sites. Such a phenomenon at SC in October was likely to be mainly caused by the accumulation of O3 and its precursors due to the relatively weak winds under the localized stagnant weather condition rather than the contribution of regional transport from the emission sources in Busan and Ulsan.

전주지역의 모주는 막걸리에 인삼, 칡, 감초, 계피, 대추, 생강 등 생약재와 흑설탕을 넣고 일정시간 교반 가열한 후 여과해서 만드는 해장술 개념의 저농도 알코올성 음료이다. 기호성이 높은 모주 개발을 위한 정보를 제공할 목적으로, 전주 시내의 음식점에서 판매되는 전주모주 22종의 이화학적, 관능적 특성을 평가하였다. 이화학적 분석치의 평균값은 수분 91.28%, 알코올 1.09%, pH 4.25, 총산 0.27%, 환원당 40.68 mg/mL,

워터 프런트에 있어서의 집합주택은 전면에 퍼지는 수역의 경관을 얻을 수 있어 사람들의 생활에 윤택이나 안락함 등을 가져다 준다. 그러나 시가지와는 다른 워터프런트만의 환경적 이점을 살릴 계획 수법이 확립되어 있다고는 말하기 어려운 것이 현상이다. 본 연구에서는 일본의 워터프런트(니시노미야하마와 비와코) 거주자를 대상으로 앙케이트 조사를 실시하여 친수 활동, 거주 환경 의식과 거주 선택 이유 등에 대해 비교 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 향후의 워터 프런트에 입지하는 집합주택 거주자들의 거주환경에 대한 의식과 거주선택이유의 상이점을 알 수 있었다. 또 각각의 워터프런트지역에서 염해나 해충에 대한 대책 등 지역환경 특성에 맞는 문제점을 경감 대책의 필요성과 수변에의 전망을 확보를 희망하고 있으며 "방의 넓이" "통풍" "전망 채광" "프라이버시의 확보"등 워터프런트에 입지하는 집합주택의 계획수립 시에 상기한 거주환경의 조성이 거주자들의 주거의식에 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있었다.