The fibrous material fraction as a by-product from the commercial aloe vera gel processing was obtained and freeze dried. The physicochemical characteristics such as the proximate composition, crystalline/surface structures and several physical functionalities including the water holding capacity (WHC), swelling capacity (SW), oil holding capacity (OHC), emulsion/foam properties and viscosity properties of this powdered sample (100 mesh) were investigated and analyzed by comparison with commercial α-cellulose as a reference sample. The total dietary fiber content of powdered sample was very high as much as 87.5%, and the insoluble dietary and soluble dietary fiber content ratios were 77.6 and 22.4%, respectively. The FT-IR spectrum of powdered sample showed a typical polysaccharide property and exhibited a x-ray diffraction pattern for cellulose III and IV like structure. SW (8.24±0.15 mL/g), WHC(6.40±0.19 g water/g solid) and OHC(10.32±0.29 g oil/g solid) of freeze dried aloe cellulose were about 3.3, 1.4 and 2 times higher than those of commercial α-cellulose, respectively. Aloe cellulose (~2%, w/v) alone had no foam capacity while improved the foam stability of protein solution (1% albumin+0.5% CaCl2) by factor of 300%. Emulsion capacity of 2%(w/v) aloe cellulose was about 70% level of 0.5%(w/v) xanthan gum, but its emulsion stability was about 1.2 times higher than that of xanthan gum. Also, aloe cellulose containing CMC (carboxyl methyl cellulose) of 0.3%(w/v) showed a very good dispersity. Aloe cellulose dispersion of above 1%(w/v) exhibited higher pseudoplasticity and concentration dependence than those of α-cellulose dispersion, indicating the viscosity properties for new potential usage such as an excellent thickening agent.

본 논문에서는 통합제품개발 관점에서 Computer-Aided Engineering(CAE) 활동을 지원하는 제품자료모델(Product Data Model)을 제안한다. 제안된 제품자료모델은 제품개발 프로세스를 관리하는 제품생애주기관리(Product Lifecycle Management: PLM) 시스템에 현재 독립되어 진행되고 있는 CAE 활동을 통합될 수 있도록 한다. 제안된 제품자료모델에 포함된 제품관점(Product View)은 설계와 제품구조를 공유하여 다양한 대안을 해석하고, 그 결과를 손쉽게 설계로 전달할 수 있는 독립적 CAE 활동을 보장한다. 제안된 모델을 검증하기 위하여 제품개발 프로세스와 통합된 CAE 활동을 지원하는 PLM 시제품을 개발하였다.

In order to develop the substitutive materials for natural baits of swimming crab pots, the attracting effects of swimming crab such as the preference of baits which were made of the by-products of marine and stock raising through the water tank experiments and fishing experiments. On the investigation of mean entrapped catch number to the pot by the baits after putting the 4 kinds of baits, mackerel(M), mackerel with grinded mackerel s internals(MMI), mackerel with tuna s internalsMMI) and makerel with grinded krill(MK) each in one pot by turns, MMI and MK were entrapped mean 3.9(13.0%) and they were a little more comparing to M, and MTI is least with mean 2.1(7.0%)(F=12.913, P 〈 0.05). Otherwise, on the preference investigation of swimming crabs by the baits after putting the 4 kinds of baits in the 4 pots each, M was entrapped mean 3.0(10%), but MMI, MTI and MK were mean 1.2(4.0%), 1.0(3.3%) and 1.5(5.0%) each and they were only 30-50% of M(F=13.398, P 〈 0.05). On the preference investigation of swimming crabs by the 5 kinds of baits, mackerel(M), and krill(K), manila clam(MC), pig s fat(PF) and chicken s head(CH) which were used in substitutive baits, M was entrapped mean 3.2(10.7%), but K was about 50% of catch of M with mean 1.6(5.3%), and MC, PF and CH were very few with mean 0.1-0.2(0.3-0.7%)(F=89.186, P 〈 0.05). On the preference investigation of swimming crabs by the pots which were put each the 3 kinds of baits, original krill(K), grinded krill with gluten and soybean oil cake(KGGS) and grinded krill with gluten, soybean oil cake and glycine(KGGSGL) in the blue fluorescent hexahedral plastic bait cages(BF), and which were put the mackerel(M) in the non-fluorescent hexahedral red plastic bait cage(RFN), it was entrapped mean 3.0(10.0%) in the pot which was put the mackerel in the RFN, and the same level in the pots which were put the K and KGGSGL in the BF, but it was mean 2.0(6.7%) in the pots which was put the KGGS in BF and it was decreased by 30% of catch comparing to RFN(F=3.750, P 〈 0.05). On the preference investigation of swimming crab by the pots which was put grinded tuna with gluten, soybean oil cake and glycine(TIGSGL) in the blue fluorescent hexahedral plastic bait cage(BF), and which was put mackerel(M) in the nonfluorescent hexahedral red plastic bait cage(RFN), it was entrapped mean 3.3(11.0%) in the pot which was put mackerel in RFN, and mean 2.7(9.0%) in the pot which was put TIGSGL in BF and it was about 15% less comparing to use bait M(t=1.387, P 〈 0.05). As a results of fishing experiments, a plan for enhancing catching efficiency of TIGSGL will be required because catching efficiency of TIGSGL, alternative bait, was half of fish catching efficiency of natural bait using mackerel. Fishing experiments were conducted 3 times using reinforced substitutive artificial bait that is reinforced attractive effect of TIGSGL and composed of tuna intestine, grinded mackerel, gluten, soybean cake, glycine and alanine(TIMGGSGLA). Catching efficiency of TIMGGSGLA was about 80% of that of natural bait made of mackerel.

Population density of the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor), in Japanese pear orchards remained low until mid-August, even after inoculation of pear leaves with a considerable number of adult female P. citri from May onwards. This raised the possibility that pear leaves contain a natural compound that suppresses an increase of P. citri populations. The rate of development from larva to adult was significantly lower on leaves collected in July than on leaves collected earlier or later, in several years. The population suppression was caused by molting inhibition and ovicidal activity, according to our close observation in the laboratory [Gotoh and Kubota (1997) Exp. Appl. Acarol. 21: 343-356]. To clarify whether a natural pear compound caused this molting inhibition, a methanol crude extract of pear leaves was isolated and added to a newly developed artificial diet, consisting of sodium caseinate, sucrose, levulose, glucose and inositol. The compound extracted from pear leaves resulted in the molting inhibition as observed on pear leaves. Based on infrared and NMR spectral analysis, the compound extracted from pear leaves closely resembled the synthetic acaricide hexythiazox. Furthermore, the LC50-values of the compound extracted from pear leaves for ovicidal activity of P. citri eggs and for inhibition of molting to protonymphs were similar to those of hexythiazox. These results strongly suggest that the molting deterrent extracted from pear leaves was in fact hexythiazox, an acaricide in use on pear trees, rather than a natural product. This suggestion becomes even stronger, considering that the molting inhibition was observed in a hexythiazox-spray year, but not in a non-spray year.

The combination ratio of oyster mushroom cultivation supplements have used poplar sawdust(PS) 50% : beet pulp(BP) 30% : cotton seed(CS) 20%. we substituted cotton seed and beet pulp for dry wastes(DW) 10, 20. 30% respectively. In case of mixing DW 10% except from CS, mycelial growth was inhibited a little, but mycelial density was accelerated a little. The more DW contents increase, the more mycelial growth was inhibited, but mycelial growth was accelerated a little, respectively. In case of mixing DW except from CS, mycelial growth was inhibited a little bit. In case of mixing DW except from CS and BP, mycelial growth was inhibited remarkably. CHUNCHU variety developed resistance to DW than SUHAN variety.

The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is reluctant to a baculovirus, Autographa california nucleopolyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) at its oral administration. However, parasitization by an endoparasitoid wasp, Cotesia plutellae, enhances the viral susceptibility. This study analyzed an antiviral activity of P. xylostella in response to the viral infection and determined the parasitic factor inhibiting the antiviral mechanism. For the analysis of antiviral activity of P. xylostella, a recombinant AcNPV expressing enhanced green fluorescence (AcNPV-EGFP) was orally adminstered to lavae of P. xylostella. After 24 h, EGFP expression was observed in the midgut tissue at a confocal-FITC mode. At the same time, a characteristic midgut melanotic response (MMR) was observed in some midgut regions under a phase contrast microscope. Thereafter, the EGFP signal was attenuated, while MMR spread on most midgut region. When the MMR was scored from 0 to 5 by the intensity of melanized cell density, it increased in time- and dose-dependent manners at the viral administration per os. These results suggest that the MMR is an antiviral activity of P. xylostella. This antiviral activity was significantly attenuated by C. plutellae parasitism. The parasitized P. xylostella showed significant decrease in the MMR score compared to nonparasitized larvae when they were orally administered with the same dose of AcNPV. To determine the parasitic factor(s) inhibiting the antiviral activity from the symbiotic polydnavirus of C. plutellae (C. plutellae bracovirus: CpBV), CpBV-IkB, which is a viral homolog of NFkB inhibitor and has been considered as an antiviral factor as in other polydnaviruses, was tested. A recombinant AcNPV expressing CpBV-IkB (AcNPV-IkB) was constructed and administered to P. xylostella larvae. As expected, AcNPV-IkB significantly decreased the antiviral activity measured by the MMR score compared to AcNPV-EGFP treatment. This study suggests that CpBV-IkB plays an antiviral parasitic role in the molecular interactions between P. xylostella and C. plutellae.

본 실험은 농산부산물인 감껍질, 맥강, 발효미강 및 활성탄을 혼합하여 만든 첨가 사료가 거세 한우의 질병, 성장 및 도체특성에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 시험한 결과, 송아지 설사는 무처리구(Control)가 가장 발병율이 높았던 반면 첨가량이 가장 높은 T3구(5% 첨가구)가 가장 낮은 발병율을 보였다. 호흡기 질병 발병율은 3% 첨가구(T2)에 가장 낮게 나타났으며, 호흡기와 설사 동시 발생율은 Control구가 가장 높게 나타났다. 일당 증체량은 T

옥수수기름의 적정 탈납조건은 105℃의 탈색유를 40℃로 냉각하고, 여기에 탈색유 대비 0.3%(w/w)의 퍼라이트를 투입하여 교반하며 점진적으로 온도를 낮추어 1~2℃를 유지하여 12 시간이 경과한 후 이를 여과하는 방법이었다. 탈납 후 여과하여 얻어진 폐퍼라이트(spent perlite, SP)로부터 지방질 성분을 얻고 이로부터 SACC법에 의하여 89.6%의 triglyceride(TG) 획분을 얻어 이 물질이 옥수수기름의 주요 혼탁유발 물질임을 확인할 수 있었다. TG획분을 agentation TLC에 의하여 분리한 결과 U3, SU2, S2U, S3형 TG획분 4종이 분리되었으며, 대부분이 U3 형 이었다. 이로부터 옥수수기름에서 혼탁을 유발하는 원인물질은 TG획분 이며, 이 TG획분이 대부분 육안으로 관측되는 왁스물질을 형성함을 쉽게 확인할 수 있었다. 탈납유에 대한 냉각시험 결과는 냉각온도 처리조건에 따라 약간의 편차는 있었으나 전체적으로 0℃에서 39.6~96.5 시간 동안 맑고 투명한 상태를 유지하였고, 특히 온도조건이 가정 낮았던 A 시료에서 가장 우수한 결과를 나타내었다.

This study is intended to investigate the wine consumers' reason of drinking and purchasing behavior according to their product involvement. Questionnaires were obtained from wine consumers at wine retailer stores. Trained researchers of this particular study conducted survey and finally 230 questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS package program(v.12.0). The subjects were categorized three different groups(high, medium, and low) based on their wine involvement. The further analysis showed that differences in reasons of wine drinking and purchasing behavior according to their involvement levels, and the characteristics of three segments were summarized at the end of the results. Consumers in high involvement drink wine mainly because they wanted to enjoy various wine experiences and have abundant knowledge for wine. Consumers in medium and low involvement would like to drink due to enjoyment of wine drinking. Expenses of purchasing, quantity and frequency of wine purchasing, country of origin, and sources for wine information showed differences among three consumer groups, but differences were not presented in type of wines and purchasing place by consumers' wine involvement.

Kano model offers an effective way to understand customer requirements strategically Thus, the integration of Kano model and QFD can reflect customer requirements more effectively in designing new product. Most of previous studies on the integration have been focused customer attributes, but engineering characteristics are used at the final stage of new product design. It is proposed that how to classify engineering characteristics into Kano's elements and how to use the classified results in new product development process in this thesis. A case example is included to explain the proposed method.

본 연구에서는 디자인 분야에서 접근이 용이하고 자연스러운 환경 하에서 제품 사용 중 표출되는 사용자의 감성을 측정할 수 있는 방법을 제안하였다. 또한, 개발된 감성어휘 로깅 소프트웨어인 VideoTAME을 활용하여 제품 사용 중 표출되는 사용자의 감성변화를 측정하였다. 개발된 소프트웨어의 실험 진행 모듈에서는 실험 참여자가 실험실에서 자신이 태스크를 수행하였던 장면을 녹화한 동영상을 직접 재생해 보면서 자신의 감성변화를 평가할 수 있다. 실험 분석 모듈에서는 연구자가 각 태스크별로 전체적인 실험 내용을 재생하면서 실험 결과를 확인할 수 있고, 마이크로소프트 엑셀로 내보내기하여 다양한 측면에서 자료를 분석할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 실험실에서 피실험자들이 휴대폰을 가지고 일련의 태스크를 수행한 장면을 녹화한 동영상을 VideoTAME을 통해 재생해 보면서 자신의 감성변화를 평가하게 하였다. 본 실험에서는 태스크의 성격에 따라서 표출되는 대표 감성의 종류에는 큰 차이를 찾아볼 수 없었다. 이는 태스크의 전체적인 속성 보다는 각 태스크를 수행하는 시점에서의 상황에 따라 감성의 변화가 일어나는 것이라 추측할 수 있다. 향후 보다 많은 실험 데이터와 이의 통계적 분석을 통해 제품의 사용성이 사용자의 감성에 어떤 영향을 미치는 지에 대하여 밝혀낼 수 있으리라 기대한다.

A law of Korean product liability was enforced on 1st in July for 2002 years. Although it is later than the United States in 25 years, and more later than Japan in 7 years, it have been welcomed a new chances promoting the preservation of consumer"s safety and increasing business compactability toward the small and medium size enterprises. Up to now, The a large enterprise, which have concentrated in export of an advanced country, have already the resistant power against the law of Korean product liability, but the Korean medium and small-sized enterprises were concentrated mainly a domestic market or subcontracting business of a major big company. Relatively very week positions on this Low. If They cannot supply the most safest product in the market, then Those enterprise are confronting the difficulty for surviving. Now the product safety has become more important role to the small and medium size company. Therefore, this paper offered the object and the direction how the company must carry out measures on this product design stage applying safe engineering and Ergonomic Technology for the achieving ongoing development and progress of small ann medium size industry in Korea.

본 실험은 꽃사슴에 있어서 육림부산물 발효 사료 급여에 따른 체내 이용성과 행동양식을 시판 완전혼합사료와의 비교를 통해 육림부산물에 대한 사슴사료로서의 적합성을 검토하기 위해 실시하였고 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 건물채식량은 숫성록의 경우 CMR구와 FPS구가 거의 비슷한 수준을 유지하였고, 육성록의 경우 FPS구가 약간 낮았다. 2. 소화율은 CMR구의 경우 개체별로 평균 76.7%의 높은 건물 소화율을 나타냈으며 FPS구의 경우에도 CMR구에 비