Raman distributed temperature sensor can be used as temperature instruments as well as monitoring abnormalities in next-generation nuclear systems. Since noise reduction and Measuring Frequency enhancement are required, integration time adjustment has been mainly used so far. In this study, a new data processing method using Moving Average Filter was analyzed to see if noise reduction and Measuring Frequency could be reduced, and improvement measures were suggested.

This study monitored temperature using electronic sensors and developed a prediction model for compost maturity. The experiment used swine manure in a mechanical composting facility equipped with a screw-type agitator, and the composting process was conducted for 60 d during the summer season in South Korea. Four electronic temperature sensors were installed on the inner wall between the compost piles on Days 7, 14, 21, and 28 for daily temperature monitoring. Compost samples were collected daily for 60 d, and compost maturity was analyzed using the Solvita method. Multiple comparisons, correlations, and modeling were performed using the stat package in R software. The average compost pile temperatures was 39.1±3.9, 36.4±4.3, 31.3±4.5, and 35.4±8.1 on days 7, 14, 21, and 28, respectively, after composting. The average compost maturity according to the composting date was 3.61±0.60, 4.13±0.59, 4.26±0.47, and 4.32 ±0.56 on days 7, 14, 21, and 28, respectively. A significant negative correlation was observed between the compost composting periods (seven, 14, 21, and 28 d) and the temperature of all compost piles (p<0.05), where the correlation coefficients were -0.329, -0.382, -0.507, and -0.634, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between the compost composting periods (seven, 14, 21, and 28 d) and the maturity of the compost (p<0.05), where the correlation coefficients were 0.410, 0.550, 0.727, and 0.840, respectively. The model for predicting the maturation of the 14 d average compost pile according to the compost composting period and the average temperature for 14 d was y=0.026 x d – 0.021 x mt.x_14 d (mean temperature for 14 d) + 4.336 (R2=0.7612, p<0.001). This study can be considered a basic reference for predicting compost maturity by the proposed model using electronic temperature sensors.

Research is being actively conducted on the continuous thin plate casting method, which is used to manufacture magnesium alloy plate for plastic processing. This study applied a heat transfer solidification analysis method to the melt drag process. The heat transfer coefficient between the molten magnesium alloy metal and the roll in the thin plate manufacturing process using the melt drag method has not been clearly established until now, and the results were used to determine the temperature change. The estimated heat transfer coefficient for a roll speed of 30 m/min was 1.33 × 105 W/m2·K, which was very large compared to the heat transfer coefficient used in the solidification analysis of general aluminum castings. The heat transfer coefficient between the molten metal and the roll estimated in the range of the roll speed of 5 to 90 m/min was 1.42 × 105 to 8.95 × 104 W/m2·K. The cooling rate was calculated using a method based on the results of deriving the temperature change of the molten metal and the roll, using the estimated heat transfer coefficient. The DAS was estimated from the relationship between the cooling rate and DAS, and compared with the experimental value. When the magnesium alloy is manufactured by the melt drag method, the cooling rate of the thin plate is in the range of about 1.4 × 103 to 1.0 × 104 K/s.

This study aims to evaluate thermal performance using the ASTR method. Its findings are as follows: 1) The measured U-Values of 49A type and 59A type walls were almost the same as the theoretically calculated values. 2) One notable phenomenon for both walls was that the interior surface temperatures of the channels attached to corners were up to 10.4% lower than that of the cross of the wall, even though they consisted of the same materials. This is due to the surface temperature drop caused by the thermal bridge. 3) The surface temperatures of the thermal bridge were converted into U-Values. The U-Value of the top left corner on the 59A type house was 1.044W/m²K, and of the bottom right corner on the 49A type house was 0.959W/m²K. Therefore, the thermal performance of the thermal bridge area was decreased after construction. 4) Differences were found in the results of comparing heat transfer analysis simulation data and measured data. A maximum difference of 12.4% occurred in the top left corner on 59A type, and of 7.6% occurred in the bottom right corner on 49A type. 5) The results of a heat transfer analysis simulation showed that the temperature of both 49A type and 59A type top right corner were the lowest, but in-situ measurement results were the lowest in the bottom right corner on 49A type and in the top left corner on 59A type. These results are considered to be due to the occurrence of thermal bridges and a deterioration in the construction quality.

This study is a development of measuring instrument capable of measuring the temperature measurement at a temperature of between 0 ℃ and 1600 ℃ at a high temperature of the high temperature. This development technique develops a measuring device capable of measuring two different temperature measurements by combining two different temperature measurements ranging from one measurement module to the hot temperature to the high temperature. Also, it develops in a vacuum or high pressure state.

당뇨병 환자의 혈당을 측정하기 위해 새로운 형태의 페녹시-메틸아미노 포스파젠 진단막을 제조하였다. 먼저 측 정 환경이 혈당 측정에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 활성화된 진단막을 가지고 5, 15, 25, 35, 45°C 그리고 상대습도 20%에서 80%까지 변화시키면서 시간에 따른 680 nm에서의 흡광도 변화량(K/S)를 측정하였다. 높은 측정온도와 습도에서도 K/S와 글 루코우즈 농도와의 기울기 값(Dose-Response Slope : DRS)은 크게 영향을 받지 않았다. 두 번째로, 제조된 진단막을 여러 환 경에서 보관한 후, 보관 환경이 글루코우즈의 농도 측정에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 새로운 포스파젠 진단막을 50°C에서 8 주 보관한 후 측정한 결과, 보관시간과 온도가 크게 영향을 주지 않았다. 또 상대습도 80%에서도 새로운 포스파젠 진단막의 안정성이 확인되었다.

The measuring equipment capable of thermo measuring of wide range thermo range(0℃ ~ 160 0℃) will be developed in a high temperature and high pressure state. The developed technology is a combination of one measuring two different temperatures measured in the measuring to a high temperature as possible at a low temperature from thermocouple module(thermocouple) to develop an integrated measuring device capable of measuring the broadband. Also, to develop two or more guard module to ensure the water-tightness and durability of the device to develop in a vacuum or high pressure is applied to the one-piece measuring device.

Solar cells exhibit different power outputs in different climates. In this study, the temperature dependence of open-circuit voltage(V-oc), short-circuit current(I-sc), fill factor(FF) and the efficiency of screen-printed single-crystal silicon solar cells were studied. One group was fabricated with homogeneously-doped emitters and another group was fabricated with selectively-doped emitters. While varying the temperature (25, 40, 60 and 80˚C), the current-voltage characteristics of the cells were measured and the leakage currents extracted from the current-voltage curve. As the temperature increased, both the homogeneously-doped and selectively-doped emitters showed a slight increase in I-sc and a rapid degradation of V-oc. The FF and efficiency also decreased as temperature increased in both groups. The temperature coefficient for each factor was calculated. From the current-voltage curve, we found that the main cause of V-oc degradation was an increase in the intrinsic carrier concentration. The temperature coefficients of the two groups were compared, leading to the idea that structural effects could also affect the temperature dependence of current-voltage characteristics.

The dissertation is on the measurement of the strain caused by the characteristics and the temperature changes of the TIG welded zone which is used with 3D ESPI system that is functionally modified through the laser ESPI system. Experimental results have derived from the fact that the welded zone has micro crack during the various phased of the process such as rolling, alkali cleaning, air cooling and heat processing due to the repetitious up-and-down of the temperature. Especially, both 60℃ and 90℃ are selected to measure the strain on the welded zone which can be effected by these two temperatures in the manufacturing process. The flat plate differences between ESPI and the strain gage are within 2 %, and they are the exactly same with the results from the temperature changes of 60 ℃ and 90 ℃, and also within 3 % and 4 %. As the tensile load increase, the strain of aluminum material increases linearly. Also the same effect are observed as the temperature goes up with irregular-line type. The comparison of the strain by ESPI and the strain gage in the welded specimen is within the 2.6% when it is under the room temperature and low-load conditions, while it is measured within 3 % under the high load condition.

에너지 위기의식이 급격히 고조되고 지속 가능한 친환경 에너지원이 이슈화되면서 휴대용 전자기기 산업의 발전은 전원을 공급하기 위한 새로운 에너지원을 요구하고 있으며, 이러한 점에서 언제 어디서나 전력 수확을 가능하게 하는 인체 전력에너지 수확 시스템의 연구가 요청된다. 인체 에너지를 수확하는 방식의 하나인 열전은 인체와 주위 환경간의 온도차이로부터 에너지를 수확하는 방식으로, 본 연구에서는 열전수확에 적합한 의복의 구조와 소재를 탐색하여 인체 전력에너지 수확의류를 위한 기초적 지침을 마련하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 의복의 폐쇄부 구조에 따른 환경 온도와 의복내 온도 간의 차이를 분석하고, 의복의 소재에 따른 환경 온도와 의복내 온도 간의 차이를 도출하였다. 분석 결과, 의복구조에 따른 의복내 온도에 있어서는 인체 부위에 따른 차별화된 결과를 얻을 수 있었는데, 가슴과 등 부위에서는 '폐쇄부 유'의 의복구조인 경우가 '폐쇄부 무' 의복구조에 비하여 의복내 온도가 더 높은 것으로 나타났고, 팔 부위에서 다리 부위로 갈수록 '폐쇄부 유'와 '폐쇄부 무'의 의복구조에 따른 의복내 온도의 차이가 줄어들었다. 한편, 의복소재에 따른 환경 온도와 의복내 온도 간의 차이를 분석한 결과, 두 소재 중 하나의 소재가 일관성 있게 더 높은 온도를 보이지는 않았으며, 인체 부위별로 차이를 보였다. 이러한 의복구조와 소재에 따른 환경 온도와 의복내 온도 간의 차이 결과를 토대로, 인체 전력에너지 수확의류를 위한 지침을 도출하였다.

Local Nusselt number and temperature field distribution within the compound duct with gap have been measured. Measurement of air and wall temperature span a range of gap width from 2mm to 6mm. Also, the Reynolds number is variated from 20,000 to 40,0000. In order to observe the correlations between gap width and turbulent heat transfer, the present measurement has tried to verify the enhancement effect of heat transfer when a gap exists within the compound channel. From this measurement, we could see that the pulsating flow has generated a strong turbulent flow mixing within the compound channel. And the turbulent flow mixing in the pulsating flow plays an effective role of enhancing the Nusselt number by making the fluid temperature uniformly within the compound channel.

본 시험은 버섯 배지를 살균할 때 배지의 내부에 삽입하여 실시간으로 온도 측정값을 저장할 수 있고 고온고압에 견디는 기기(iButton Temperature Data Logger DS-1922T)를 사용하였다. 이 온도측정기는 살균기의 종류, 배지의 종류와 용량, 살균방법별로 일정한 시간 간격에 따라 살균기 및 배지 내부의 온도변화와 살균온도 유지시간의 측정이 가능하였다. 이 실험에 사용한 방법과 결과는 버섯 재배현장에서 응용함으로써 알맞은 배지 살균으로 버섯의 안정생산에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

Over the years, scientists have developed many test methods to evaluate the efficacy of skin care products. The needs for objective assessment have stimulated to develop instruments that are capable of reliably monitoring some parameters in evaluating skin conditions. The beauty is evaluated as a measure of smoothness of skin surface. Quantitative size measurements of skin pores is also important concept to evaluate the their conditions. The purpose of this paper is to measure the temperature change of skin and the size of pores in the skin. The pore sizes were changed by its varying skin temperature. They were decreased by applying a essence which is contained with propellant and contents.

버섯 재배에서 배지살균은 종균의 순수배양 및 배지내 버 섯균의 우점을 통하여 재배의 성패를 좌우하는 중요한 작업 이다. 버섯 배지의 살균방법은 재배형태에 따라서 다르다. 느 타리, 양송이 등 간이재배사를 활용한 균상재배는 65℃ 저 온살균을, 미강, 밀기울, 건비지, 면실박 등 질소함량이 높 은 재료를 영양원으로 사용하는 병재배나 봉지재배는 주로 121℃ 고압살균 또는 100℃ 상압살균을 하고 있다. 고 압살 균이나 상압살균에서 살균기의 노후, 온도센서의 부정확, 스팀보일러의 용량부족 등의 경우 배지내부는 일정 온도까 지 도달하는 시간이 지연되기도 한다. 이러한 원인으로 배 지가 변질되면 버섯균은 배양, 발생, 생육 기간이 오래 걸리 며 수량과 품질이 낮아진다. 따라서 본 시험에서는 버섯 배 지살균시 배양병 내부의 온도변화와 121℃ 또는 100℃ 유 지 시간을 조사하였다. 버섯배지의 살균온도를 측정하기 위 하여 iButton Temperature Data Logger DS-1922T (Co. Maxim Dallas) 제품을 사용하였다. 본 기기의 온도측정 시 간을 1분 간격으로 설정하여 배지의 내부에 삽입하고 살균 을 실시하였다. 살균이 끝난 후 꺼내어 USB Adapter DS- 9490R과 Reader DS-1402D를 사용하여 컴퓨터에 연결하 고 1-Wire Viewer 프로그램으로 측정온도를 분석하였다. Autoclave는 10년간 사용한 60리터들이 HS-60(1999년 도 구입)과 3년간 사용한 HB-506(2006년도 구입)을 비교 하였다. 배지의 종류 및 용량을 비교하기 위하여 액체배지는 삼각플라스크(250㎖용)에 100㎖과 바이알병(500㎖용)에 500㎖을; 톱밥배지는 시험관(직경30㎜)에 70㎖ 용량, 삼각 플라스크(250㎖용)에 200㎖ 용량, 850㎖ PP병, 1100㎖ PP 병을 Autoclave HB-506으로 121℃에서 살균하였다. 또한 살균방법을 비교하기 위하여 900병들이 고압살균기를 사용 하여 850㎖ PP병의 톱밥배지를 121℃ 고압살균, 100℃ 상 압살균, 65℃ 저온살균을 각각 실시하였다. Autoclave의 사 용연한에 따른 성능 비교에서 3년간 사용한 HB-506은 설 정온도, 계기판의 표시온도, 센서의 측정온도 간에 차이가 없 었으나 10년간 사용한 HS-60의 경우 표시온도 121℃에서 측정온도는 2℃가 낮았으며 이 자료를 근거로 수리를 실시 한 후에는 문제가 없었다. Autoclave의 살균시간 설정은 액 체배지 100㎖를 담은 250㎖들이 삼각플라스크는 20분간, 액체배지 500㎖ 바이알병은 25분간으로 충분하였다. 톱밥 배지를 충진한 직경 30㎜ 시험관은 25분간, 250㎖들이 삼각 플라스크는 40분간, 850㎖ PP병은 90분간, 1100㎖ PP병은 95분간으로 살균시간을 설정하였을때 배지 내부는 121℃로 18~20분간을 유지하였다. 또한 스팀보일러와 고압살균기 를 사용하여 고압살균, 상압살균, 저온살균 등 살균방법을 달 리하였을 때 고압살균의 121℃와 상압살균의 100℃ 유지에 문제가 없었으나 65℃ 저온살균시에는 배지의 온도가 80℃ 까지 오르며 불규칙적이어서 저온살균은 실시할 수가 없었 다. 본 실험은 고온고압에 견디며, 배지에 삽입하여 온도 측 정값을 저장할 수 있는 기기를 사용하여 살균기의 종류, 배지 의 종류와 용량, 살균방법별로 일정한 시간 간격에 따라 배지 의 온도변화와 살균온도 유지시간을 측정하였다. 이 실험에 사용한 방법과 결과는 버섯 재배현장에서 응용함으로써 알 맞은 배지 살균으로 버섯의 안정생산에 기여할 것으로 기대 된다.