Background : Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. is a herbaceous perennial belonging to the Polygonaceae family. And is an herbal medicine which can be used as a raw material for food, which is excellent in immunity enhancement, vocalization and blood transfusion. The purpose of this study was to expand the utility of the P. multiflorum. Also, we fermented P. multiflorum by mushroom mycelial, and analyzed for general components and amino acids before and after fermentation Methods and Results : The moisture content of P. multiflorum and fermented P. multiflorum by mushroom mycelial (FPM) were 7.35% and 59%, respectively. The crude protein content did not show a significant difference between the two samples, crude fat, ash and crude fiber content of FPM were lower than P. multiflorum. The content of soluble nitrogen free extract of P. multiflorum (79.78%) was significantly higher than FPM (31.05%). Sixteen kinds of amino acids were detected in P. multiflorum, and the major amino acid was determined the arginine. The content of arginine and glutamic acid were 586.67 ㎎%, and 283.78 ㎎%, respectively. Sixteen kinds of amino acids were detected in FPM, and the major amino acids were determined the arginine (654.68 ㎎%) and threonine (591.18 ㎎%). The total amino acid contents of P. multiflorum and FPM were 3,469.03 ㎎%, and 3,630 ㎎%, respectively. Conclusion : The content of crude fat, ash, crude fiber, and soluble nitrogen free extract of FPM were lower than the P. multiflorum, and the major amino acids were different in two samples. Total amino acid content of FPM was higher than the P. multiflorum. As the mushroom fermentation progresses, it is confirmed that the amino acid content is increased, and it is expected to develop the product using the P. multiflorum fermented with mushroom mycelial.
Background : This study was performed to investigate the morphological and growth characteristics of tetraploid Polygonum multiflorum L. with colchicine treatment, and to clarify its effective induction and time for the increase of rhizome hypertrophy and effective components. Methods and Results : The induction of tetraploid P. multiflorum were done with colchicine treatment of 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% conc. and the time was treated with 12, 24, and 48 hrs, respectively. DMSO 1% is treated for the effective penetration of colchicine with constant-temperature oven at 24C. Leaf explant was added the HR-A solution stained with HR-B solution, and then determined whether DNA contents of the doubles or not. Seed stand rate showed lower tendency as higher treatment concentration and as delayed the treatment time. When treated in DMSO 1% with 48 hr, seed stand was so small rate with 2%, and treated in 0.5% with 12 hr, seed stand was recorded higher rate with 33%. When treated in 0.5% colchicine with 24 hr, chimera and tetraploid induction rates were highest and obtained 29 individual chimera and 5 individual tetraploid. On overground growing, mean stem diameter of tetraploid (11.3 ㎜) is two times thicker than that of diploid (6.4 ㎜), with the vigorous growth. leaf length and width of tetraploid was 9.1 and 6.2 ㎝, respectively, and that of diploid was 6.8, and 5.1 ㎝, respectively. Stem diameter of a scape was also more thicker tendency in tetraploid than in diploid, chlorophyll contents over 29% existed in tetraploid. Investigated result from stoma no. and size of leaf with 400 magnification, stoma no. of diploid (26 individual) was four times higher than that of tetraploid (7 individuals), the size of tetraploid (38 ㎛) is twice longer in size of diploid (18 ㎛) and stoma area are broaden in four times. Seed length of tetraploid (3 ㎜) is longer than that of diploid (22 ㎜); but, seed width of tetraploid (22 ㎜) is widen than that of diploid (14 ㎜) in seed size comparison. That is, seed length is bigger in 1.4 times and seed width is bigger in 1.6 times, and seed surface area is broaden in two times. Conclusion : From above results, overground growing of tetraploid P. multiflorum is fairly better than that of native P. multiflorum. In the future, this tetraploid variety will promote to register when recognize the excellence than native species after tested the disease tolerance, underground growing characteristics, and key index component.
본 논문은 국내 적하수오 및 백하수오 추출물의 항산화 능 및 항균활성을 구명하기 위한 목적으로 진행하였다. 각 하수오의 열수, 에탄올, 부탄올 추출물에 대하여, 일반성분 을 분석한 후, 항산화능에 대해서는 총 페놀함량 및 DPPH 라디칼 소거능을 측정하였으며, 항균활성에 대해서는 Staphylococcus aureus 및 Propionibacterium acne에 대한 최소생육저해농도(minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC) 및 생육저해환을 통하여 평가하였다. 적하수오 및 백하수 오 부탄올 추출물의 총 페놀함량은 각각 1,212.6 및 1,454.5 mg/g GAE로 다른 유기용매 추출물에 비해 유의적으로 높 은 함량을 보였다. 이에 비해 DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 열수 추출물에 비해 에탄올 추출물(89.0%), 부탄올 추출물 (88.9%)이 유의적으로 높은 값을 나타내었다. MIC 측정 결과, 적·백하수오 에탄올 추출물만이 0.8 mg/mL로 S. aureus와 P. acne에 대해서 항균효과를 나타냈다. 디스크 확산법 측정 결과, 모든 유기용매 추출물이 5 mg/disc 농도 부터 생육저해환을 형성하였으며, 농도가 증가함에 따라 생육저해환의 크기도 증가하였다. 적하수오 및 백하수오 에탄올 추출물의 조사균주에 대한 생육저해완의 직경은 10 mg/mL 농도에서 각각 8.9 및 9.2 mm를 나타내, 추출물 중 가장 우수한 항균활성을 나타냈다. 본 연구는 하수오 추출물이 항산화 효과 뿐만 아니라 피부 건강과 관련된 세균에 대해 항균활성을 보여줌으로써, 하수오 추출물이 피부 건강을 위한 천연 유래의 기능성 화장품 소재로도 활용될 수 있는 잠재적 가능성을 제시하였다.
Background : Aralia cordata and Polygonum multiflorum GAP cultivation requires a stable drying and storage settings after harvesting. therefore, this experiment was performed in order to effectively manage the physical, chemical and biological hazards. Methods and Results : Test materials were used biennial Aralia cordata, Polygonum multiflorum harvested from the medicinal testing ground. The drying temperatures were treated with 40, 50, 6 0℃ and natural drying. Storage containers were stored in plastic boxes, styrofoam boxes and kraft paper containers, examined the color and quality changes for eight months. Aralia cordata and Polygonum multiflorum drying temperature is dry it took natural drying 720 hours, 40℃ hot air drying 180 hours, 50℃ hot air drying 168 hours and 60℃ hot air drying 108 hours. However, the difference chromaticity of the Lab value corresponding to the temperature does not appear, it was good to dry in a short time at 60℃. Aralia cordata and Polygonum multiflorum stored in a styrofoam box storage method but can be stored at room temperature for up to four months, began to decay caused by moisture content it continues to increase. In plastic box in case of Aralia cordata and kraft vessel in case of Polygonum multiflorum can be stored for eight months in room temperature without decay. Styrofoam boxes stored at 5℃ cold storage were higher water absorption such as room temperature, but decay did not occur. Plastic box and styrofoam box were a tendency such as room temperature. Conclusion : Aralia cordata and Polygonum multiflorum are thought that the color change is not large depending on the drying temperature the lower the water content. Styrofoam storage box, the air permeability is higher than plastic boxes and containers Kraft vessel, decay occurs expected increase.
적하수오 추출물의 추출용매별 항염증 작용을 알아보기 위해 LPS로 자극된 RAW 264.7 세포를 이용하여 실험을 진행 한 결과 열수 추출물 및 70% 에탄올 추출물 모두 100μg/mL에서 60%이상의 NO 생성 억제 율을 보이는 것을 확인 하였다. 또한 사이토 카인들에 대하여 적하수오 추출물은 TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2 생성량은 농도 의존적으로 감소하였고, 이는 적하수오 추출물이 염증성 사이토 카인의 발현을 억제 하여 염증 발생을 억제 할 수 있다고 할 수 있다. PMW는 100μg/mL의 농도에서 iNOS 단백질 발현량이 89%, COX-2는 54%의 효과를 나타내었으며, PME는 100μg/mL의 농도에서 iNOS 91%, COX-2는 57%의 단백질 발현 저해효과가 있음을 확인 할 결과로 보아 적하수오는 대식세포에서 NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2 iNOS, COX-2 발현을 억제 하며, 특히 적하수오 70% 에탄올 추출물의 경우 저 농도에서부터 효과를 나타내어 우수한 항염증 소재임을 확인 할 수 있었다.
These studies were conducted to discriminate Cynanchum wilfordii, C. auriculatum, Metaplexis japonica, andPolygonum multiflorum by morphological characters. Cynanchum wilfordii, C. auriculatum, and Metaplexis japonica(Ascle-piadaceae) were easily distinguished from Polygonum multiflorum by twining stem to the left, producing opposite leaves,having laticiferous stems and leaves at cutting cross-sectionally, and lacking lignification of the stem. Four species had differ-ent morphological characters of flower. Comparing four species to fruit type, three species of Asclepiadaceae had follicle,while Polygonum multiflorum had achene with three wings. Follicle shape was lanceolate, narrowly lanceolate, and widelylanceolate in C. wilfordii, C. auriculatum, and Metaplexis japonica, respectively. Whereas seed color of four species was darkbrown similarly, seed shape and 1,000 seed weight were useful characters to discrimate between three species ofAsclepiadaceae and Polygonum multiflorum. Shape and color of root were thickened and yellowish brown in C. wilfordii andC. auriculatum. They were thin and long and white in Metaplexis japonica, and fusiform and reddish brown in Polygonummultiflorum. They would be useful characters to distinguish Cynanchum spp., Metaplexis japonica, and Polygonummultiflorum, however, impossible characters to discriminate between C. wilfordii and C. auriculatum.
기능성 소재로서 약리적인 성질과 생리활성을 지닌 하수오를 첨가한 머핀에 건강과 웰빙을 접목하여 설탕 대체 올리고당 종류를 달리한 머핀의 품질특성을 살펴본 결과 무게는 프락토 올리고당 첨가 하수오 머핀이 가장 높게 나타났으며 부피와 비체적은 설탕 첨가 하수오 머핀에 비해 올리고당 첨가 하수오 머핀군이 낮게 나타났다. pH는 설탕첨가 하수오 머핀에 비해 올리고당 첨가 하수오 머핀이 낮게 나타났으며 수분함량은 높게 나타났다. 색도인 값은 설탕첨가 하수
The proximate and amino acid composition of wild and cultivated Cynochum wilfordi, Codopsis lancolata and lxeris sonchifolia were analyzed. Cynochum wilfordi, had higher contents of sugar ascompared with Codonopsis lancolata and lxeris sonchifolia. Fats was 2-3 times higher in Cynochumwilordi then Codonopsis lancolata and lxeris sonchifolia. No significant difference in the contents wasfound between the open field root, spontanity and cultivated at 30'c in biotronroom at condonopsislanceolata. However, contents of protein was 12.8% in lxeris sonchifolia. Total amino acid were 1.5-1.8 times higher in lxeris sonchifolia. than Cynochum wilfordi and Codonopsis lancolata. The decresingorder of the amounts of amino acid infused from the Cynochum wilfordi samples was Glu, Arg, Asp,Leu, Pro, Lys, Codonopsis lancolata (Changdeuk) was Arg, Glu, Pro, Leu, Asp, Lys, Codonopsislanceilata(Chirisan) was Arg, Glu, Pro, Asp, Lys, Leu, Codonopsis lancolata(Yeanbeun) was Arg,Glu, Asp, Leu, Ser, Lys, and lxeris sonchifolia was Glu, Arg, Asp, Cys, Lys, Pro.