Condition of Construction Safety Training and its Vitalization in Chungbuk Area. The industrial accident rate of Korea has been declining each year but this does not necessarily mean that the safety consciousness of people has been strengthened. 94.3% of the overall industrial accidents occur in small/medium sized business (299 employees or less) and 97.5% of the accidents are in construction business. In Chungbuk area, small/medium sized business take up 99% of overall business and among them, 30% are construction business. Therefore, in order to resolve the safety issues, survey and research have been conducted with construction workers and manager and identified the causes and possible solution for improvement as following. First, most of the site workers and managers view safety training and equipment unnecessary as the work site is small in size. Second, the current safety trainings are being done with case study and visual teaching materials but the quality of the material, environment and instructors are very low and outdated. The quality of study materials and instructor need to be improved with professionalism. Third, 57% of surveyees think that the contents of training materials do not reflect the real situations and hazards at the work site and are not even in line with legal requirements. The safety trainings are being given perfunctorily. With on above researched issues, new method for vitalization of safety trainings and reducing and preventing the industrial accidents constructional site in Chungbuk area are to be suggested.

2010년부터 2012년까지 충북지역 시장, 대형마트 등에서 유통되고 있는 학교급식에 공급되고 있는 근대, 들깻잎, 부 추, 시금치, 쑥갓, 아욱, 얼갈이배추를 대상으로 GC/ECD와 GC/MSD를 사용하여 205종의 농약에 대하여 잔류 검사를 하 였다. 그 결과, 농약성분은 시금치 23.4%, 얼갈이배추 20.6%, 근대 14.9%, 아욱 14.0%, 들깻잎 13.1%, 부추 8.4%, 쑥갓 5.6% 순으로 검출되었으며, 이중 잔류허용기준을 초과한 것은 시 금치, 근대, 부추, 들깻잎, 아욱 순으로 양이 많았다. 쑥갓과 얼갈이배추는 대부분의 농약이 잔류허용기준 이하였다. 잔류 허용기준을 초과한 농약은 chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, diflubenzuron endosulfan, flufenoxuron, etoxazole lufenuron, carbendazim, trifloxystrobin, pencycuron, procymidone 11종으로 초과 농산 물은 부추, 시금치, 들깻잎, 근대, 아욱이었다. 검출된 농약과 그 검출량을 토대로 1일 섭취허용량을 산출하여 식품을 통해 매일 섭취되는 농약이 인간에게 미치는 위해도를 평가한 결 과, ADI 대비 최저 0.00084%에서 최고 50.8200로 낮은 %ADI 값을 보였고, 7품목에 대한 농산물 섭취에 위한 위해성은 낮 은 것으로 판단되었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 현재 우리나라 학교급식 식재료 채소의 잔류농약의 위해성은 문제가 없는 것으로 판단된다. 현재 잔류농약에 대한 규제는 강화되고 있 으므로 안전성에 대한 소비자의 불안감은 줄어들 것으로 보 이지만 학교급식에서 다빈도로 사용되고 있으므로 계속 모 니터링이 필요할 것으로 보인다.

Yaksun, a medicinal diet, has been traditionally prepared and applied (based on theories in oriental medicine) for the modulation of disease symptoms and signs. However, restaurants that serve and claim Yaksun mainly focus on stamina foods. A consistent definition of Yaksun has not been provided, which can confuse the public interpretation of Yaksun. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception of Yaksun in Korean adults living in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Chungbuk regions. Among the participants (M=55, F=168, 25y), only 10.4% understood the definition of Yaksun (mainly through the broadcast media). The frequency of Yaksun consumed when eating out was 2~3 times per month in 50.2% of participants. The main reason for choosing a Yaksun menu (46.3% of participants) when eating out was for health. The mean satisfaction score of Yaksun was 3.5±0.8 on the five point Likert scale. Participants highly agreed (3.8±0.8) that Yaksun is composed of nutritious foods combined with oriental medicinal herbs for the treatment of disease, which was significantly higher in groups with learning experience on Yaksun (p〈0.05). Interestingly, participants showed neutral to the description, that a diet without oriental medicinal herbs is not Yaksun (3.1±1.0), which was significantly different between genders (p〈0.05). Men recognized more than women that Yaksun should be based on oriental medical theory (p〈0.05) and should be prepared for the prevention or treatment of diseases (p〈0.05). In conclusion, the concept and terminology of Yaksun need to be defined and publicized in modern diet.

This study was performed to investigate the asbestos contents on bulk samples of 4 building types(public, commercial, residential, school) in chungbuk area and collected from june 3, 2010 to July 10, 2011. We classified the bulk samples into the regulated asbestos containing building materials(ACBM) and architecture materials by 4 building types at removal and disposal sites. The results were as follows. </br>The detection rate of the ACBMs were found mainly public(86.6%), and residential (82.1%) buildings. The founded asbestos were chrysotile and amosite. Compared with 4 building types, the contents of chrysotile in public, commercial, residential and school were 32.6% (3-70%), 43.9% (5-87%), 39.6(5-72%) and 46.7%(range 4-89%), respectively. The miscellaneous materials were found chrysotile and a mixed form with chrysotile and amosite for 4 building types. </br>In the architecture materials, the contents of chrysotile was found mainly in slate (11.4%, range 2-37%). The slate in residential had high asbestos content of chrysotile (15.9%, range 1-31%). The textiles which collected from 4 building types were found chrysotile, the mixed form. The contents of chrysotile in cement flat board in public, commercial, residential and school were 8.9% (2-24%), 7.1% (1-16%), 7.9%(1-29%) and 3.7%(1-9%), respectively. </br>In conclusion, this study is suggested that it should be contributed to manage the ACBM in 4 building types and to protect the health of workers at building removal sites.

 ,  , Seasonal fluctuations of Riptortus pedestris were investigated in four regions including two sites each at Mt. Yangseong (Munui-myeon, Cheongwon-gun), O-chang (Cheongwon-gun), and Jujung-dong (Cheongju) using aggression pheromone traps from April to November in 2010 and 2011. Aggression pheromone and aggression pheromone + soybean traps were set at all investigated sites, and the Mt. Yangseong A and B sites were investigated at a farmland (80 m, asl) and forest (200 and 300 m). The population density of R. pedestris was high in mid June, mid August, and late October in 2010 and in early May, mid June, mid September, and early October in 2011 with trivoltine. O-chang and Jujung-dong populations, which were distinguished in farmlands and forests, were highest from June to August in the farmland and in September in the forest. Similar numbers of R. pedestris were capture in the farmlands and the forest in June–August, September–November, respectively. From the results of the four regions, more R. pedestris adults were captured in the aggression pheromone + soybean trap than that in the pheromone trap. To investigate the migration route by altitude, 500 R. pedestris adults marked with fluorescent paint were released and re-caught insects were counted in traps after 10 and 20 days. The pattern of the re-caught R. pedestris indicated migration from the forest to farmlands during April–June. These results suggest that the insects did not migrate in August because food was plentiful in the forest at 200 m, but they moved to the forest during October due to the scarcity of food and for overwintering. The R. pedestris seasonal fluctuations in 2011 were affected heavily by the environment, particularly rain precipitation.

사과 기상변화로 인한 사과 ‘후지’는 개화기는 빨라지고 생육기간이 연장됨으로서 품질변화를 가져오고 있다. 시험포장은 청원, 충주 및 제천에 각 2농가를 선정하였고, 기상 측정장비 4기를 설치하여 3년간 기상자료를 수집하였으며, 과실특성과 기상요소 간 상관을 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 과중은 충주 C, D과원에서 제일 크고, 제천 F과원이 작았다. 전 생육기의 최고기온과 정의 상관, 최저기온과 부의 상관을 나타냈다. 강수량은 10월에 고도의 정의 상관을 나타냈다. 과형지수는 만개 후 서늘한 기온이 종경비대에 영향을 미치는 충주 D과원이 높았다. 또한 경도는 평균기온이 낮은 충주 D과원과 제천 E과원에서 높았다. 당도는 표고가 높은 충주 D과원과 제천 E과원에서 높았다. 8월 이후 수확 때까지의일사량과 일조시간이 정의 상관을 보여 당도에 영향을 미치는것을 알 수 있다. 산도는 충주 D과원에서 높았는데, 4월~7월유과기 최고기온과 일교차에서 부의 상관을 최저기온에서 정의 상관을 보였다. 감미비는 지역간 통계적인 유의차를 보였다. 안토시아닌 함량은 10월 평균기온이 낮은 제천 E, F과원에서 높았다. 9월~10월, 10월의 평균기온이 고도의 유의한 부의 상관을 보였다. 착색도는 표고가 높은 충주 D과원에서 유의하였다. 명도는 평균기온이 고도의 정의 상관을 10월의 일사량이 고도의 부의 상관을 나타내며, 적색도는 평균기온 및최저기온이 고도의 부의 상관을 10월의 일사량이 고도의 정의상관을 나타내며, b값은 평균기온 및 최저기온이 정의 상관을 유의하게 나타냈다.

이 연구의 목적은 현무암과 화성암과 같은 화성암을 관찰할 때 화성암 지역에 살고 있는 학생들과 그렇지 않은 학생들 사이의 특징을 비교하기 위한 것이다. 연구를 위해 제주도에 살고 있는 5학년 학생 68명, 울릉도에 살고 있는 5학년 학생 28명, 그리고 화산지역과 직접적 관련이 없는 지역의 5학년 학생 61명을 선정하였다. 이 연구는 다음과 같이 진행되었다. 현무암과 화성암을 관찰하게 한 후 학생들은 관찰한 사실을 모두 적었다. 그리고 관찰이 끝난 후 관찰이외에 현무암과 화성에 대해 알고 있는 사실 모두를 적도록 하였다. 연구를 통해 알게 된 사실은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 화성암 관찰에 있어서 학생들은 지역적 특성 변인에 의한 유의미한 통계적 차이는 보이지 않았다. 둘째, 화성암과 관련하여 학생들이 관찰 이외에 알고 있는 지식의 양 또한 지역적 특성과 관련되어 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 셋째, 화성암에 대해 관찰 사실 이외에 알고 있는 지식을 질적으로 분석한 결과, 많은 학생들은 화성암의 근원물질이나 생성과정에 대해 알고 있었으나 지역적인 특성을 고려한 진술은 많이 나오지 않았다. 이러한 연구 결과를 통해 우리는 학교에서 이루어지는 과학 수업이 현상을 탐구하는 것뿐만 아니라 현상과 관련된 여러 가지 구체적인 사례들과 함께 이루어져야 한다는 것을 알 수 있다.

This study was investigated the seasonal occurrence of Metcalfe pruinosa (Say) in Chungbuk province and established the optimal control timing. Population densities of nymph and adults were investigated and egg hatching period and oviposition period was examined from three locations (Cheongwon, Jincheon, Eumseong area). Egg hatching period was investigated. The first day of egg hatching observed on May 25, the day of peak egg hatching was on May 29, and the perfect accumulative egg hatching ratio was on Jun. 13. Oviposition period of M. pruinosa female was observed the cut branch (cut within 10 cm length, 1 cm dia.) of oak tree, an althea, and an acacia under stereoscope. The first oviposition was observed at Jul. 28 and continually increased until late-Sept. with sharply increased at mid-Aug. Population density of M. pruinosa nymph was observed the cut branch (cut within 30 cm length, 1 cm dia.) of oak tree, an althea, an acacia, and pear tree. Population density began decreased showing after highest density with 25.3 (Jul. 1). The adult was first appeared at Jul. 11 and showed highest population density with 13.1 (Aug. 4) and then continuously decreased. To control M. pruinosa at pear orchard, optimal control timing for nymph was judged from Jun. 13 to Jul. 2, because of its small size of body and exuviae, low damaging by honeydew producing, low wax materials produced. Second control timing was judged at early Aug., when the adult invading to the pear orchard from near forest and the period before oviposition. The control agents for M. pruinosa were not yet registered, but will be anticipated to register the chemicals such as penitrothion WP, acetamiprid WP, dinotefuran WP, lambda cyhalothrin, thiamethoxam SP in 2012.

Changes in insect communities are one of the best indicators of environmental changes. A survey was conducted using the Flight Interception Trap (FIT) method to check the changes of species composition and abundance of silphids at Mt. Sokrisan National Park from April to October in 2003 to 2007. A total of9,704 individuals of six silphid species were examined by FIT. Among them, Nicrophorus quadripunctatus was the most dominant species with 8,763 (90.3%) individuals. There were only 971 (9.7%) individuals of the other five species. The seasonal abundance of silphids peaked in July and August. The annual abundance has decreased gradually since 2004. Therefore, the changing patterns of species composition and abundance of silphids checked by long-term monitoring could be used as environmental indicators which indirectly show the environmental changes of Mt. Sokrisan National Park.

This study was conducted to determine the occurrence and route tracking of Riptortus clavatus from 5th April to 10th November, 2010. Investigation area was selected: farmland at Chungbuk National University (CBNU), Jujung-dong (Cheongju) and O-Chang (Cheongwon) that distinguished the farmland and the fores, and two sites by an altitude at Mt. Yangseong (Munui-myeon, Cheongwon). Aggression pheromone trap (below trap) and trap+soybean are set on two sites by an altitude of Mt. Yangseong farmland (80m) and forest (200 and 300 m). Population density of Riptortus pedestris showed the highest in Mid-Jun., Mid-Aug, and Late-Oct., and caught more trap+soybean than trap. Two sites of O-Chang and Jujung, R. pedestris was more caught to a farmland in June to August, but caught to forest at Sept. Comparison between traps, trap+soybean is more caught than trap, higher caught in season to a farmland from Jun. to Aug., a forest from Sept. to Nov. Farmland of CBNU without forest was caught from Mid-Jul. to Late-Aug, and the number of caught insect was higher in trap+soybean. This pattern caught more in trap+soybean shows the similar result from five investigation area but showed the difference according to the investigation area. R. pedestris was released after marked with florescent paint for route tracking. Ten days after release of 500 density at 200 m altitude (25th Aug), R. pedestris was re-caught seven in the same altitude, but the release at 80 m altitude (4th Oct.), R. pedestris was re-caught at 200 and 300 m. This result suggest that R. pedestris did not move in August to other altitude because of rich-food, however, R. pedestris seems to move in Oct. to the forest by reason of food-shortage or overwintering.

The purpose of our study was to examine the effects of dietitians' sanitation training performance on the sanitation knowledge and management practice level of culinary employees. We developed a questionnaire to measure the sanitation knowledge and management practice level of culinary employees and the sanitation training performance of dietitians. The questionnaire was completed by 53 dietitians and 337 culinary employees working in food service in the Chungbuk Province. We found that the sanitation training performance of dietitians had a significant positive affect on the sanitation knowledge and management practice level of culinary employees. There was also a correlation between sanitation knowledge and the management practice level of culinary employees. We conclude that sanitation training performance by dietitians is an effective method of improving the sanitation knowledge and management practice level of culinary employees. Thus, we suggest strengthening the sanitation training programs given by dietitians to improve food hygiene and safety in the foodservice industry.

본 연구는 충북도내 도심부/도시외곽부/지방부 신호교차로에서의 신호위반에 관한 것이다. 연구의 목적은 신호위반과 다양한 인적, 차량 및 도로환경요인의 관계를 이해하고자 함에 있다. 본 연구의 기술통계와 로지스틱 분석을 위해서 SPSS 12.0을 이용하였다. 분석된 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 신호위반은 도시외곽부보다는 지방부와 도심부에서 많이 발생하는 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 신호위반 운전자의 81.1%가 제한속도 이하로 주행하였으며, 77.3%는 적색등화후 2.0초 이내에 교차로에 진입하다 단속되었다. 마지막으로, 로지스틱 회귀분석에 의해 통계적으로 유의한 모형식이 개발 되었다(chi-square=0.000, McFadde=0.265). 개발된 모형의 독립변수로는 지역(도심부/도시외곽부/지방부), 운전자 성별, 계절, 차종, 주야간, 주행속도를 포함하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 신호위반 운전자의 연령과 신호교차로 접근부에서의 운전행태 간의 밀접한 관련성은 발견하지 못하였다.

In this study, the current status of the business foodservice industry, evaluation of leftover food and customer satisfaction with foodservice at direct operation and consignment foodservice businesses in Chungbuk were examined. This study has managerial implications in terms of improving the quality and effectiveness of the business operation of the foodservice industry. The sample size of this study included 800 customers who use foodservices provided by 11 selected businesses including 6 direct operation and 5 consignment foodservice businesses. From these 800 customers, a total of 692 were used (direct operation foodservice (n=361) and consignment foodservice (n=331) businesses). The results were as follows; First, as for the main reasons for using the employee restaurants in types of direct operation and consignment foodservice business, ‘the close location’ had the high percentage. Approximately 41% of respondents were not satisfied with the foodservice in the employee restaurants. Second, leftover food from consignment foodservices was higher than that for direct operation foodservices. Third, there were significant differences in customer satisfaction with five areas of foodservice between the two types of food service businesses: food, sanitation, feeding environment, mealing process and information and service. Customer satisfaction in the direct operation foodservice was higher than that of the consignment foodservice. In terms of the satisfaction level of foodservices, mealing process was the highest, followed by sanitation, food, and information and service in the direct operation and consignment foodservice businesses. Overall, satisfaction with the business foodservice was affected by the customers’ satisfaction in five areas of foodservices (e.g., food, sanitation, feeding environment, mealing process, information and service). Especially, ‘food’ and ‘information and service’ were important areas for determining overall customer satisfaction with foodservice. In addition, the overall satisfaction was negatively correlated with the quantity of leftover food in the direct operation and consignment foodservice business.

본 연구는 2007년도 조사된 국가산림자원조사 자료를 이용하여 충북지방에 분포하는 주요 수종에 대하여 평균 연륜생장량과 연륜생장량에 영향을 미치는 인자들과의 상관관계를 분석하고자 하였다. 충북지역에서 조사된 고정표본점은 총 56개소로 다양한 수종이 분포하였으며 그 중 개체수 분포 비율이 높은 10개 수종에 대하여 총 800본의 연륜생장량이 조사된 목편 자료를 대상으로 분석하였다. 충북지방에서 평균 연륜생장량이 가장 높은 수종은 아까시나무(2.30mm/yr)로 나타났고, 그 다음으로는 졸참나무(2.27mm/yr)>산벚나무(1.98mm/yr)>일본 잎갈나무(1.98mm/yr) 순으로 나타났다. 대부분 주요 수종들의 경우, 영급과 임분밀도가 증가함에 따라 평균 연륜생장량은 감소하는 경향으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study was to examine parents' perceptions towards, and the importance and performance levels of, foodservices in child-care centers and to suggest ways to increase foodservice quality and promote efficient operations in the future. A questionnaire survey was provided to 540 parents and the return rates 82%. The survey period was from June 20 to July 27,2007. The collected data were statistically analyzed with the SAS package program using descriptive statistical analysis, t-tests, ANOVA, Duncan's multiple comparisons, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows: The parents perceived that foodservice operations promoted their children's health and helped them form desirable dietary habits. The parents also had a high level of perception toward the need for foodservice, earning greater than 4.5 points out of 5 points. Their perceptions of foodservice quality were examined by four dimensions of importance and performance levels. While the parents gave 4 points or greater of 5 points to most quality attributes of importance level, they gave 4 points of less out of 5 points to most quality attributes of performance level. As for the importance and performance levels of the quality dimensions of meal service, the parents regarded sanitation as the most important dimension. IPA showed that 'organic food materials' was included as a 'focus here' area. The overall satisfaction level for foodservice was 3.59 out of 5 points. A higher level of satisfaction was shown when a dietitian was present as well as in public childcare centers. According to multiple regression analysis, 53.51% of the variance in the respondents' overall satisfaction scores was explained by factors such as food, sanitation, environment, and foodservice effects.

The purposes of this study were to identify the students’ perception and to evaluate the satisfaction with the quality of school foodservice in Chungbuk Province. A questionnaire survey of 900 students was conducted and 370 completed questionnaires were available for the purpose of the statistical evaluation. Statistical analyses were performed on the data utilizing the SAS V8.2 program. Importance, performance and satisfaction scale were composed of 5-Likert scales. The main results of this study were summarized as follows: The degree of importance and performance on twenty three attributes and the degree of satisfaction with four dimensions and overall satisfaction were measured according to type of school, location of school, place for eating, type of foodservice system and type of foodservice operation. The importance score was significantly higher than the performance score at all quality attributes except for the food appearance. The performance score of ‘waiting time’ and ‘atmosphere’ was less than 3 point out of 5 scale. The average satisfaction score for the quality dimensions of food, sanitation and service was 3.35, 3.19 and 3.10 point out of 5 scale, respectively. The satisfaction score for dimension of environment was 2.93 point out of 5 scale. The score for overall satisfaction was 3.27 point out of 5 scale. The satisfaction score for elementary school foodservice management was significantly higher than middle and high school foodservices. The satisfaction score for commissary foodservice operations was significantly higher than conventional foodservice operations. Using survey results as a base, the dieticians of school foodservice are required to meet the needs of the students and increase students’ satisfaction.

본 연구는 Z. -M. 학파의 식물사회학적 연구방법에 의해 충북지역의 박달산, 계명산, 보련산, 월악산, 천등산, 조령산, 국망산, 부용산, 두타산, 만뢰산, 미동산, 감악산, 시루봉, 십자봉, 용산봉 일대의 산지대 하부의 참나무림을 분류하고 그 환경조건을 해석할 목적으로 실시하였다. 이 일대의 참나무림 식생은 A. 굴참나무군락(Quercus variabilis community), A-1. 상수리나무하위군락(Quercus acutissima subcommunity), A-2. 전형하위군락(Typical subcommunity), B. 신갈나무군락(Quercus mongolica community), C. 떡갈나무군락(Quercus dentata community)으로 구분되었다. 이들 식생단위는 인위 및 해발과 같은 환경복합의 경도에 의해 배비되었으며, 종의 우점도에 근거한 집괴분석(군평균법)의 결과와도 비교적 잘 일치하였다.