본 연구는 중국 무용 전공 대학생의 유년시절 신체활동 태도가 무용 전공 선택동기와 무용 지속의도에 미치는 영향을 면밀히 살펴보고자 하 였다. 이를 위해 중국 산시성(陕西省) 시안(西安) 지역의 무용 전공 대학 생 500명을 통해 설문지를 수집하였다. 수집된 설문지는 SPSS 25.0 이 용하여 경향 분석, T-test 분석, Scheffe 분석, Pearsn의 상관관계분석, 단계적 중다회귀분석을 수행하였다. 본 연구결과 무용전공 대학생의 유 년시절 신체활동태도는 무용전공 선택동기 및 무용지속의도에 유의미한 영향력이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 아동의 신체발달을 지원하는 프로그램을 개발하는데 필요한 기초정보를 제공하고자 하며 무용 전공 대학생의 무용 지속의도를 높일 수 있는 교육과정을 개발하는 데에도 도 움을 주고자 한다.

In response to the global trend of making sustainable development an urgent task, luxury fashion brands actively embrace it in their corporate philosophies and management policies. However, despite the widespread consensus in the related industry and the strong will of companies for the sustainable development of luxury brands, there are still few cases of luxury fashion brands successfully implementing sustainable development. This study examined the impact of the types of message framing on the sustainability marketing of luxury fashion brands, focusing on their effects on perceived message effectiveness, sustainable brand image, and brand attitudes. An online survey was administered to 464 Korean consumers in their 20s to 40s to test the hypotheses. The results showed that perceived effectiveness was higher for negatively framed messages (loss) than for their positive counterparts (gain). The types of message framing did not significantly affect sustainable brand messages, and no significant difference in perceived brand image was found, regardless of message type. Perceived message effectiveness exerted a significant positive effect on sustainable brand image, and such an image had a significant positive effect on brand attitudes. The results provide implications for related research and practical implications for the development of competitive sustainability marketing strategies for luxury fashion—an industry still in its infancy.

The purpose of this study was to examine the use of machine translation by Uzbek-speaking Korean learners, focusing on their usage patterns, attitudes, perceptions, and expectations, as well as identifying the educational implications of using machine translation. An online survey, lasting two weeks, involved 85 Korean language learners from universities in Korea and Uzbekistan. The main findings indicated a high reliance on machine translation for Korean language learning, with the majority of respondents using machine translations to find accurate vocabulary and expressions. Regarding their attitudes towards machine translation, learners mainly utilized it for literal communication, reading, and writing, and were generally satisfied with them, especially as tools for learning spellings and pronunciations. The use of machine translation significantly influenced learners’ confidence, interest in learning, and anxiety reduction. In terms of perception, learners found machine translation effective for learning Korean vocabulary, expressions, and writing, but also perceived machine translators as sources of stress and anxiety. Expectations for using machine translation were high for completing tasks in vocabulary, expression, and writing, but low for improving grammar skills and producing error-free Korean expressions.

In light of the expanding use of technology in education, we attempted to analyze how Korean college students perceived the use of Machine Translation (MT) tools in the classroom. Specifically, this study attempted to explore students’ perceptions of their ability to use MT tools and to measure the reliability of the MT-generated output, along with measuring students’ general sense of confidence in English learning. This research analyzed 183 EFL college students’ responses to an online survey, and a one-way ANOVA was used to test for the differences in the averages of three groups. The results of data analysis revealed that 1) Among beginners, intermediate learners, and advanced learners, those self-identifying as advanced had the highest scores on all the factors measured.; 2) There was a significant mean difference in students’ perceptions of the ability to use MT tools, their beliefs regarding MT’s effectiveness as a learning tool, and affective attitudes towards the use of MT tools between beginner and advanced groups. Based on the findings, pedagogical implications for the effective use of MT tools in the Korean EFL classrooms, and suggestions for future research were presented.

본 연구의 목적은 세대통합 프로그램의 일환으로 노인에 대 한 직접 체험 교육인 노인생애체험 프로그램이 노인에 대한 태 도, 지식, 이미지 변화에 미치는 영향과 관계에 대하여 그 효과 성을 검증하는 데 있다. 연구 목적 달성을 위해 노인생애체험 센터에 노인생애체험을 신청한 대학생들을 대상으로 연구 취지 에 동의하고 설문지에 성실히 답한 205명을 선정하여 노인생애 체험 사전, 사후에 설문조사를 시행하였다. 자료 분석은 노인생애체험 사전, 사후에 노인에 대한 태도 및 지식의 평균 차이를 대응표본 t 검증으로 분석하였고, 이미 지 변화와의 관계는 상관관계 분석을 통하여 Pearson의 상관계 수를 도출하였으며 주요 변인들간의 관계와 영향은 다중 회귀 분석을 통해 검증하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대학생들의 노인에 대한 태도는 노인생애체험 사전, 사 후 전반에 걸쳐 유의한 평균의 차이를 보였으며(t=-5.876***, p<.000) 하위 유형별로 긍정에서는 유의한 평균의 차이가 나타 나지 않았지만 부정과 중립에서는 부정에서 중립 혹은 긍정으 로 변화하는 항목들과 중립에서 긍정으로 변화한 항목들에서 유의한 평균의 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 대학생들의 노인에 대한 지식은 노인생애체험 사전, 사 후에 유의한 평균의 차이를 보였고(t=-7.773***, p<.000) 지식 의 하위 유형인 신체적/생리적, 심리적, 사회적 영역에 대하여 영역별로도 유의한 평균 차이를 보였다. 셋째, 노인생애체험 이후 노화에 대한 이해와 긍정적 이미지 변화에 도움이 되었는지에 대하여 ‘매우 그렇다’고 답한 대학생 들의 분포가 평균 74%의 빈도를 보여 노인생애체험이 노인에 대한 이미지 변화에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 대학생들의 개인적인 특성과 일반적인 특성에 의해 노인에 대한 태도, 지식, 이미지 변화에 영향을 미치는 다른 변인 이 있는지 찾고자 특성별 기술통계 분석을 한 결과, 유의한 결 과 차이를 보이는 특성을 찾지 못하였다. 다섯째, 주요 변인들간의 관계와 영향을 알아보기 위하여 다 중 회귀분석으로 검증한 결과, 노인에 대한 태도 및 지식의 하 위 유형 변인들과 노인에 대한 이미지 변화의 하위 유형 변인 들간의 관계에서 부분적으로 유의한 결과가 나타났다. 이에 본 연구에서는 노인생애체험이 노인과 노화에 대한 이 해를 증진시키고 노인에 대한 태도, 지식, 이미지 변화에 긍정 적인 영향을 미치며 이미지의 신체적・생리적, 사회적 변화와 그에 따른 심리 및 정서적 변화에 긍정적 영향으로 노인에 대 한 이해, 공감, 소통으로 이어지는 세대통합증진 프로그램으로 그 의의가 있다고 본다.

This study empirically verified the endorsement effect of a restaurant platform as a reliable third-party organization on changes in customers’ attitudes toward restaurants by measuring big data-based consumption values using customers’ reviews and applying difference-in-differences. The results indicated that endorsement effects are effective when specific cues are provided and under unusual circumstances such as the pandemic.

Compared to the prevalence of advertising targeted at teens, our understanding of their vulnerability to advertising has been limited due to the cognitive/developmental view adopted by most previous research. However, cognitive development is not the most significant aspect that differentiates adolescents from adults. Adolescence is when teenagers start to take on more responsibility in defining themselves and become more skilled at using consumption to construct and signal their identity. On one hand, teens have a growing desire to express their unique identity as autonomous and distinctive individuals, separate from their family and differentiated from others. On the other hand, they are nearly obsessed with what others think about them, striving to belong to a group and feeling devastated by signs of disapproval from peers. This conflict between the need for assimilation and the need for differentiation is especially pronounced during adolescence when teenagers increasingly seek the approval of their peers while expressing their uniqueness. As a result, their sense of self is in a constant state of flux. This "shaky" self-identity has been shown in previous research to coincide with low self-esteem, which is associated with a high level of materialism.

As the popularity of gaming has increased, the importance and effectiveness of in-game advertisements have become more relevant to marketers. However, despite this development, both marketing academics and practitioners do not fully comprehend how consumers respond to in-game advertisements. This study focuses on the dynamics associated with in-game advertisements, considering the privacy concerns and ad relevance expectations of consumers/gamers.

Due to the rapid development of technology, the environment is rapidly changing, and new regulations are emerging in the global society. In addition, environmental and social problems such as the pandemic and deepening social polarization have intensified, and the international community and investors have begun to regard ESG as a key factor in decision making. Regulations and systems reflecting ESG elements, such as the Carbon Neutral Act to cope with environmental problems and the Serious Disaster Act to cope with social problems, have already been enacted and implemented in major countries such as the EU and the Republic of Korea. In particular, the EU is pushing to publish ESG disclosure standards and make ESG disclosure mandatory next year. Given this trend, companies should consider ESG management as their business key strategy, as well as consumer characteristics and regulation.

The current research introduces a novel relationship between consumer attitudes toward time and consumer well-being, connected to organic food consumption based on the findings from 206 American consumers. Consumer motivations to seek nutritional information appears as a mediator impacting organic food purchase intentions. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.

An increasing number of companies are using service robots, such as physical robots and virtual chatbots, to interact with their customers. Service robots are autonomous agents with the purpose of providing services to customers by performing a variety of physical and nonphysical tasks (Joerling et al., 2019). Conceptual work has suggested that social robots will increasingly be used in the front line of service encounters (Gonzalez-Jimenez, 2018; Van Doorn et al., 2017). Real examples of the inclusion of these robots in retail settings already exist. For instance, some retailers use Softbank´s robot Pepper to greet and inform customers. Social robots such as Pepper can use their sensors and cameras to interpret customer reactions and adapt accordingly. Moreover, the robot can even make product recommendations based on the assessed customer´s mood, age, gender and, if available, purchase history (McKenna, 2018). Not surprisingly, there is a vast market potential associated with these robots, which is expected to grow to 87 billion by 2025 (BCG, 2017).

Interest in metaverse-based NFTs is growing rapidly. Therefore, NFT fashion marketing is increasing in fashion-leading luxury brands. This study provides a deep understanding by analyzing NFT cases of luxury brands through the typology of NFT fashion. Based on the ternary model of stimulants and brand attitudes through case analysis, in-depth interviews are conducted targeting experts in the fashion industry. Through this, this study aims to investigate the brand attitude toward NFT fashion of luxury brands. As a result of the analysis, NFT fashion marketing of luxury brands creates an immersive consumer experience and increases participation in raising brand value for young consumers. Contribute to brand favorability by responding quickly to market changes. This study provides theoretical implications and marketing strategy directions for NFTs in the context of luxury brands.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of nutrition education on dietary knowledge, dietary attitudes, and dietary behavior of elderly by analyzing changes before and after nutrition education. This study was conducted in Seoul from March 2022 to December 2022 for 50 elderly (6 male, 44 female) who participated in nutrition education for 8 weeks at three senior welfare centers (Seodaemun, Seongbuk, Jongno). A total of 35 responses were used in the final analysis. Statistical analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon’s signed rank test by age, hypertension, and dislipidemia to find effect of nutrition education on their nutritional knowledge, dietary attitudes, and dietary behavior. Results showed that nutrition education had a significant effect on the elderly. In particular, for those with chronic diseases such as hypertension and dislipidemia, the difference after education was significant, indicating significant changes in dietary habits. This study is expected to provide basic data for the development of a systematic nutrition education program for the elderly in the future.

Society’s emphasis on a thin body ideal may intensify an individual’s negative perceptions of fatness. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between sociocultural attitudes toward appearance (awareness and internalization of the female ideal) and anti-fat attitudes among middle-aged Korean women. In addition, the aim was to examine whether the body internalization of female ideals was a mediator in the proposed model. Participants included a sample of 264 middle-aged Korean women who completed a series of measures online. The following information was collected through online questionnaires: awareness and internalization of the female ideal, attitudes toward fat, body weight perception, and demographics. Data were analyzed using correlation analysis, descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. The measurement model and the structural model testing provided an acceptable fit to the data, and all proposed pathways in the research model were statistically significant. Awareness of the female ideal was significantly and positively associated with internalization, and it significantly and positively predicted both constructs of anti-fat attitudes. Additionally, awareness of the female ideal was significantly and positively indirectly associated with attitudes toward fat peopledislike and willpower mediated by internalization. Overall, these findings suggest that society’s emphasis on female appearance and a thin body can ultimately result in significant stigmatization of overweight/obese individuals. This study emphasizes the importance of establishing a healthy appearance standard to reduce anti-fat prejudice.

본 연구는 한국 중산층의 분화와 정책 인식 및 복지태도의 관계에서 주택정책의 매개효과를 실증적으로 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 중산층의 ‘자산-주택정책-복지태도 및 정책 인식’이라는 3자 관계에 초 점을 맞추어 주로 한국 중산층의 주택점유형태별과 금융부채 유무별로 정책 인식과 복지태도에서 어떤 차이와 균열이 존재하는가를 경험적으로 분석하였다. 경험적 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째 한국 중산층은 주로 소득과 자산의 규모, 상대적 박탈감으로 특징되는 주관적인 계층적 귀속 의식, 그리고 생활양식의 경제적 실용 지향성의 정도 등에 의해 분화와 재구성이 이질적이고 유동적으로 진행되고 있다. 둘째 주거계층으로서의 한국 중산층은 주택점유행태별로 복지태도에서 주로 ‘정부의 책임 및 개 입 여부’와 ‘복지 확대를 위한 증세 여부’를 놓고 균열을 일으키고 있다. 셋째, 자가-전세-월세의 주택위계에서 월세 집단은 ‘시장중심적 부동산 정책 추진’과 ‘사회 형평성 기여’를 놓고, 전세집단은 ‘양도소득세 강화’ 이슈를 둘러싸고 정부의 주택정책에 대한 평가와 인식의 차이를 보이고 있다. 이런 경험적 분석 결과는 한국 중산층의 분화와 정책 인식 및 복 지태도의 관계에서 주택정책의 매개효과가 중산층 내부의 이질화와 역동 적인 의식의 분화를 더욱 세분화시켜 증폭시키는 효과를 갖고 있다는 것 을 보여주고 있다. 그런 만큼 주택정책의 이중적인 목표와 수단이 중산 층 내부의 이질화와 갈등을 격화시키는 대중영합주의와 결합되어 소모적 인 사회적 비용을 발생시키지 않도록 경계하는 것이 그 어느 때보다도 절실하다고 할 수 있다.

A growing number of fashion brands and retailers are actively adopting live streaming as a new marketing channel. In spite of the increasing use of live commerce, the effects of live streaming commerce on customer purchasing behavior for fashion products are not fully understood. The purpose of this study is to examine factors affecting consumers’ attitudes toward a purchase via fashion live streaming commerce (FLSC) and intention to use FLSC. The study also investigated whether consumers’ expenditure on fashion and time spent on mobile shopping moderate the relationships among research variables. A total of 230 questionnaires were analyzed through descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and multiple-group comparison tests using SPSS and AMOS. A summary of the main results of this study is as follows. First, the perception of the attributes of FLSC (ease of use, economic efficiency, interactivity, and enjoyment) has a positive effect on attitude toward a purchase via FLSC. The ease of use and economic efficiency of FLSC, in particular, have greater impacts on attitudes than other factors. Secondly, attitudes toward FLSC positively impact the intention to use FLSC. Lastly, the results of group comparisons, by fashion expenditure and time spent on mobile shopping respectively, hold no significant moderation effects among the variables. These findings demonstrate that consumers are more likely to use FLSC as they form a positive attitude by the attributes of FLSC mentioned earlier. The study provides some insights on an exploration of live streaming commerce for fashion product sales.

본 연구는 간호사의 장애인에 대한 인식, 장애인 접촉경험, 인권감수성이 장애인에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구의 대상자는 D광역시 소재 2개 대학병원과 C특별 자치시 소재 1개 대학병원에서 근무하는 간호사 181명이었다. 자료는 2021년 9월 2일부터 2021년 10월 6일까지 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 IBM SPSS 26.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였으며, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s Correlation Coefficients, Multiple Regression Analysis로 분석하였다. 대상자의 장애인에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향요인은 장애인에 대한 인식(t=-3.96, p<.001), 장애인환자 접촉유무(t=3.23, p=.001), 인권감수성 중 책임지각능력(t=2.13, p=.035), 장애인인식개선교육 이수 여부(t=2.90, p=.004), 장애인건 강권법 인지 여부(t=2.44, p=.016)이었으며, 30%의 설명력을 보였다(F=9.36, p<.001). 이에 따라 간호사의 장애인에 대한 인식, 인권감수성, 장애인건강권법을 포함한 장애인에 대한 태도를 함양할 수 있는 교육프 로그램 개발이 필요하다.

This study reports Chinese and Korean university EFL students’ perceptions of and attitudes toward online and face-to-face English language learning modes during COVID-19. Few previous studies have focused on how students thought of online and face-to-face learning experiences of subjects regarding new concept learning and delivery of new contents. Research gravitating around English courses showed students' mixed perceptions. The survey was conducted for 302 Korean and 337 Chinese university students who took communication-oriented English courses. Descriptive statistics and qualitative data analysis were used for analysis. Results indicated that students preferred face-to-face English learning with some specific indications of achieving a stronger help and quality for communicative competence in language. Online learning also benefited students with a sense of both flexibility and independence. Positive components of face-to-face learning for language education might be considered for online education while incorporation features such as flexibility and independence to enrich language education during COVID-19.

To investigate the perceptions and attitudes of dental hygienists toward radiation safety management in Korea. A total of 800 dental hygienists were randomly selected for an anonymous survey, and 203 of them participated. The questionnaire items included the following: sex, career period, type of installed radiographic equipment, recognition of the diagnostic reference level (DRL), participation in radiation safety education, and attitudes toward radiation protection for both patients and dental hygienists. The participants were divided into two groups according to their years of experience (< 10 years versus ≥ 10 years). The difference between the groups was investigated according to frequency distribution. Fisher’s exact test or Pearson’s chi-square (χ2) test was used as appropriate. A regression analysis was performed to investigate the impact of wearing a thyroid collar for personnel protection during patient radiation exposure. The types of installed radiographic equipment included panoramic radiography (96.1%), cephalometric radiography (76.9%), intraoral radiography (72.9%), and cone-beam computed tomography (69.5%). Significant differences were observed in the learning pathway for the DRL (Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.05), satisfaction with radiation safety education (Pearson’s χ2 test = 5.3975, Pr = 0.02), and use of personnel radiation monitoring systems (Pearson’s χ2 test = 18.1233, Pr = 0.000) between the groups. Significant differences were also observed in personnel protection using a thyroid collar and patient protection during panoramic radiography (odds ratio = 14.2). Dental hygienists with more than 10 years of experience were more satisfied with radiation safety education and more interested in radiation monitoring. Considering career experience, customized, continuous, and effective radiation safety management education should be provided.

This study aims at investigating how the international students' attitudes towards English have changed over th last 3 years in Korea. Forty international students participated in the questionnaire survey three times in 2018, 2019 and 2020. The results were shown as follows: Overall, the mean score of attitudes towards English decreased proportionally over time. English use has also decreased over time. When analyzing these attitudes towards English by the degree of English proficiency, the group with higher English proficiency at the time of admission had a more higher score of attitude to English in three year questionnaire surveys. In addition, these attitudes towards English have changed in small in the group of higher English proficiency over time, while the big change appeared to the group of lower English proficiency. The results of this study imply that English-based international students' attitudes towards English are likely to change over time in Korea, and that groups with relatively low English proficiency are more likely to change than groups with higher English proficiency.