이 연구는 해상풍력발전 단지의 안전관리 제도의 현황과 구조적 한계를 분 석하고 이를 보완하기 위한 실효적 개선방안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 기후변화 대응과 탄소중립 실현을 위한 핵심 전략으로 해상풍력발전이 급부상하고 있으나 해상이라는 고위험·고비용 환경에서 운영되는 특성상 안정적인 운 영을 위한 법제 기반은 미비한 실정이다. 현행 해상풍력발전 안전관리 제도는 전기사업법, 산업안전보건법, 해사안전기본법 등 다수의 법령과 부처에 의해 분산되어 있어 전 생애주기에 걸친 일관된 안전관리 체계 구축에 한계가 있으 며 운영·유지보수 단계의 실질적 대응 역량도 부족한 상황이다. 특히 해상풍력 발전 단지의 대형화·집적화, 기상이변 심화로 인한 고위험 상황에서 사고 예방 과 신속 대응을 위한 예방 중심의 법제화가 시급하다. 따라서 이 연구는 해상풍력법의 안전관리 조항 구체화, 주무부처 명확화, 하 위 법령 제정을 통한 이행력 확보, 해역 단위 누적영향평가 의무화, 국제표준 과의 정합성 확보 등을 중심으로 개선방안을 제시하였다. 또한 해상작업자의 자격 요건, 비상대응 매뉴얼, 자가 소방 및 응급의료체계 구비 등 해상특화 안 전관리 기준의 법제화를 통해 산업 현장에 실효적으로 적용될 수 있도록 제도 개선이 필요함을 강조하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 해상풍력발전 사업의 지속가능 한 확대와 국민 안전 확보를 위한 법제도 정비 및 정책 설계에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

본 연구는 수퍼비전 환경에서 수퍼바이지 코치들이 인식하는 심리적 안전감 의 촉진 요인과 저해 요인을 도출하고, 이를 개념도 분석을 통해 체계적으로 구 조화하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구 참여자는 최근 5년 이내 수퍼비전 경험이 있으며 KSC, PCC 등의 코치 자격을 보유한 수퍼바이지 코치 12명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였다. 집단 면접과 개인 면접을 병행하여 총 80개의 진술문(촉진 요인 40개, 저해 요인 40개)을 도출하였으며, 위계적 군집분석과 다차원척도분 석을 통해 2차원 축과 6개 군집으로 구성된 개념도를 생성하였다. 촉진 요인은 ‘성찰–실천’과 ‘관계–성장’의 두 차원을 기준으로 구성되었으며, 이에 따라 여 섯 개 군집이 도출되었다. 대표적 군집으로는 ‘실행 중심 코칭 전문성 향상’, ‘가 치 기반 코칭 정체성 강화’ 등이 포함되었다. 저해 요인은 ‘체계성–자율성’과 ‘안정–성장’이라는 두 차원에서 6개 군집으로 나타났으며, 대표적으로 ‘피드백 부족과 자신감 저하’, ‘협력 부재와 실천 기반 약화’가 도출되었다. 본 연구는 코 칭 수퍼비전 환경에서 심리적 안전감의 촉진·저해 요인을 시각적으로 구조화함 으로써, 코칭 실천과 수퍼비전 설계에 활용 가능한 전략적 근거를 제공하였다.

최근 방파제 및 테트라포드(tetrapod)와 같은 연안 구조물 위에서 이루어지 는 낚시활동이 증가함에 따라, 구조물의 설계 목적과 맞지 않는 이용으로 인한 추락·고립·익사 등 중대 연안사고가 반복적으로 발생하고 있다. 그러나 현행 「연안사고 예방에 관한 법률」,「낚시 관리 및 육성법」,「항만법」은 각기 다른 기준과 절차에 따라 출입통제 및 안전관리 조치를 규정하고 있어, 고위험 구조물에 대한 통합적 대응 및 일관된 관리가 어려운 구조적 한계를 드러내고 있다. 본 논문은 테트라포드 위 낚시행위를 중심으로, 구조적으로 위험한 장소에서 반복적으로 이루어지는 자발적 낚시활동에 대하여 현행 법제가 실효적 규율 수 단을 갖추고 있는지를 분석하고, 법령 간 적용 주체 및 조치 기준의 병렬적 구 조로 인해 발생하는 실무적 한계와 규율의 공백을 진단하였다. 연구 결과, 해당 구조물은 다수 법령의 적용 대상임에도 불구하고, 고시 또 는 기상특보와 같은 외부 요건이 없이는 실질적인 통제가 작동하지 않으며, 자 발적 행위자에 대해서는 실효적인 안전관리 의무를 부과할 수 없는 현실적 제 약이 확인되었다. 이에 본 논문은 공간 중심의 위험도 기반 통제체계 도입, 고위험 구조물에 대한 즉각적 조치 권한의 명문화, 그리고 법령 간 협업 절차의 제도적 정비를 중심으로 한 개선방안을 제시하였다. 이는 연안 안전관리 체계의 실효성을 제 고하고, 반복되는 구조물 위 낚시사고를 방지하기 위한 법제도의 방향성을 재 설정하는 데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

해상교통안전법 제30조 제1항에 따라 국내에 설정된 지방해양수산청장의 고 시에 따르면, 대부분의 경우 해상교통안전법 제75조의 통항분리수역에서의 항 법에 따라 통항하도록 규정하고 있다. 따라서 해상교통안전법이 규정하고 있는 해상교통관리체계의 기본구조는 동 법 제75조에서 규정하는 통항분리제도를 근간으로 한다. 해상교통안전법 제75조의 핵심 법리는 다음과 같다. 먼저, 통항분리수역에서 선박충돌의 위험이 발생한 상황에서는 어떠한 선박의 경우에도 ‘절대적이고 우선적 권리(absolute and priority rights)’를 주장하지 못하며, 통 항분리수역 안의 통항로를 따라 항행하는 선박의 경우에도 위 원칙의 예외일 수 없다. 따라서 통항분리수역을 따라 항행하는 선박의 경우에도 적절한 경계 의 수행, 주변 교통환경의 지속적 관찰, 적절한 속력의 유지를 통해 충돌위험 을 사전에 예방할 의무를 부담한다. 둘째, 명문 규정의 부재에도 불구하고 통 항분리수역에는 해상교통안전법 제75조와 다른 일반항법 규정이 중첩적으로 적용된다고 볼 것이다. 따라서 통항로를 따라 진행하는 선박과 횡단선박 사이 에는 선박들의 조우관계에 따라 해상교통안전법 제5장에서 정하는 일반항법이 적용될 것이므로, 각 선박은 일단 형성된 조우관계에 적용되는 항법에 따라 운 항할 책무를 부담한다. 셋째, 통항분리수역에서는 부득이한 사유가 없는 한 통 항로의 횡단은 원칙적으로 금지되지만, 통항로를 따라 항행하는 선박에 대해서 도 적절한 견시의무의 수행, 안전한 속력으로의 항행 등 항법 일반의 요구가 면제되지 않는다. 다만, 통항분리수역에서는 어로작업에 종사하고 있는 선박, 길이 20미터 미만의 선박, 범선을 제외한 일반 선박에는 통항불방해 의무를 부 과하고 있지 않으므로, 통항로를 따라 항행하는 선박은 통항불방해 의무가 없 는 횡단선박에 대하여 통항 우선권이 없는 것으로 보아야 한다. 한편 해양수산 관서는 우리 영해 내에 설정된 통항분리수역 등에 관한 정보를 외국선박의 조 선자 등에게 적절히 인식시키는 노력을 기울여야 할 것이고, 이들 수역에서의 항법도 가능한 한 승인된 국제표준에 부합되도록 설정하여야 한다.

In this paper, a water rescue mission system was developed for water safety management areas by utilizing unmanned mobility( drone systems) and AI-based visual recognition technology to enable automatic detection and localization of drowning persons, allowing timely response within the golden time. First, we detected suspected human subjects in daytime and nighttime videos, then estimated human skeleton-based poses to extract human features and patterns using LSTM models. After detecting the drowning person, we proposed an algorithm to obtain accurate GPS location information of the drowning person for rescue activities. In our experimental results, the accuracy of the Drown detection rate is 80.1% as F1-Score, and the average error of position estimation is about 0.29 meters.

Loneliness, a well-established risk factor for mental health, has been strongly associated with low subjective well-being (SWB). However, less is known about potential boundary conditions that may ameliorate this ‘dark side’ of loneliness. Social connections are critical for SWB based on innate evolutionary traits; a lack of belonging was directly harmful to human survival in the past. In this study, we hypothesized that loneliness would exert a more pronounced influence on SWB when an individual’s need for others (i.e., a social resource) is perceived as high while simultaneously existing in a harsh environment. With a particular focus on urban residents in Seoul, who are presumed to be more vulnerable to loneliness, we examined whether feeling lonely matters less to SWB under favorable environmental conditions. As expected, a pilot study indicated that loneliness was less harmful to the SWB of individuals who perceived their surroundings as relatively secure and favorable. We then replicated the results in an experimental study by exposing people to cues of either a harsh (e.g., via scarcity cues) or a favorable environment.

This study aims to examine the validity of current environmental safety standards and propose necessary improvements to minimize health risks posed by heavy metals in children’s activity zones. Compared to adults, children are more vulnerable to hazardous substances, and exposure to heavy metals can severely impact their neurological development and physical growth. In Korea, the amendment of the Enforcement Rules of the Environmental Health Act (Annex 4-20) in July 2021 reduced the acceptable threshold for lead (Pb) in paints and finishing materials used in children’s activity zones. However, regulatory standards for other heavy metals remain insufficient. Therefore, this research investigates and analyzes both domestic and international standards for heavy metals in commonly used materials such as wallpaper, flooring, finishing materials, and paints. This paper proposes guidelines for improving current regulatory criteria based on scientific validity and potential exposure. The findings are expected to serve as foundational data for advancing proactive environmental safety management strategies to better protect children’s health.

Purpose: This study evaluated the impact of a nursing simulation learning module for caring for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on nursing knowledge, clinical competence, team psychological safety, and learning satisfaction among nursing students. Methods: A non-equivalent control-group pretest–posttest quasi-experimental design was used with 36 students (18 per group) assigned to either a simulation group or a lecture group. Data collected from June 8 to July 13, 2024, were analyzed using SPSS 27.0. Results: Nursing knowledge showed no significant between-group difference (F=1.32, p=.260) but improved over time (F=8.24, p=.007). Clinical competence showed a significant group-by-time interaction (F=58.33, p<.001). Team psychological safety (t=2.70, p=.012) and learning satisfaction (t=2.27, p=.030) were higher in the simulation group. Conclusion: These findings provide foundational data for developing simulation-based educational strategies in nursing curricula. The module may also be applied to the training of novice nurses in clinical settings, thereby contributing to enhanced nursing education and improved clinical practice.

이동성과 신체적 활동은 일상생활을 영위하는 데 있어 개인의 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 핵심 요소로 작용한다. 감염병이 지속적으로 발생될 것으로 예상되는 상황에서, 본 연구는 공간 사용자의 심리적 안전감을 고려한 비접촉 공간 설계 방안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 근접학 기반의 개인공간 이론을 반영하여 비접촉 모듈형 공간을 분석하고 설계 개념을 도출하였다. 개인공간은 친밀 영역, 사회적 영역, 공공 영역의 세 가지로 분류하였으며, 각 영역은 가까운 거리, 중간 거리, 먼 거리로 구분되는 공간적 특성에 따라 분석되었다. 이 세 가지 영역과 이에 대응하는 대인 간 거리 기반의 공간 설계 접근법을 제안하였다. 개인공간과 관련된 비접촉 공간 개념을 정의하고, 생성적 적대 신경망(GAN)을 활용해 비접촉 모듈형 공간 설계의 가능성을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 향후 실제 공간 사용자들의 행동 데이터를 기반으로 공간 배치를 최적화할 수 있는 모델 및 설계 도구 개발의 필요성을 제시하였다. 또한 심리적 안전감을 고려한 대인 간 거리를 중심으로 모듈 공간 계획을 이해할 수 있는 이론적 모델을 제안했다는 점에서 학문적 의의를 갖는다. 향후 연구에서는 물리적 요소, 공간 사용자의 인적 요소, 사회적 요소 등 다양한 맥락 적 요인을 포괄하는 확장된 분석이 요구된다.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of simulation education in patient safety nursing on nursing students’ attitudes toward patient safety, confidence in patient safety, academic self-efficacy, and academic engagement. Methods: The study was conducted from April to May 2022 with 69 nursing students enrolled in a fundamental nursing practice course. Two simulation scenarios were developed to enhance the patient safety competencies. Each scenario was implemented in two sessions, each lasting 90 minutes. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires, which measured attitudes toward patient safety, confidence in patient safety, academic self-efficacy, and academic engagement before and after the simulation education. Data were analyzed by employing descriptive statistics and paired t-tests using SPSS Statistics Version 26.0. Results: After participating in the simulation program, students showed statistically significant improvements in their attitudes toward patient safety (t=9.11, p<.001), confidence in patient safety (t=15.66, p<.001), academic self-efficacy (t=6.03, p<.001), and academic engagement (t=9.28, p<.001). Conclusion: The findings suggest that simulation education in patient safety nursing is an effective nursing education strategy. The study highlights the need to develop and expand diverse simulation-based learning programs in nursing education.

Purpose: This study examined the effects of clinical nurses' communication skills, critical reflection, and professional self-efficacy on medication safety competency. Methods: The participants were 150 clinical nurses with at least 12 months of experience in a tertiary hospital. Validated scales for assessed communication skills, critical reflection, professional self-efficacy, and medication safety competency. Data were analyzed using SPSS 29.0 with descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, correlation, and regression analyses. Results: The mean medication safety competency score was 4.24 ± 0.49, with the highest subscale scores observed in crisis management, patient-centered medication management, and problem-solving. Nurses aged 36 years and older and with over 6 years of experience demonstrated significantly higher medication safety competency. Medication safety competency showed positive correlations with communication skills (r = .68, p <. 001), critical reflection (r = .70, p < .001), and professional self-efficacy (r = .61, p <. 001). Regression analysis revealed these factors as significant predictors, collectively accounting for 57.5% of the variance. Conclusion: Communication skills, critical reflection, and self-efficacy significant determinants of nurses’ medication safety competency. Educational programs targeting theses domains are essential to improve medication safety. Further research is needed to assess and refine such interventions, thereby supporting continuous professional development and improved patient outcomes.

Purpose: This study was conducted to confirm the effects of patient safety simulation education on nursing students’s attitude of patient safety, confidence in performance of patient safety, confidence in performance multidrug-resistant bacterial infection control, and nursing professionalism. Methods: In this study, 89 students from the 4th grade of the nursing department at one university participated, and the data collection period was from August 20 to August 30, 2023. The collected data were analyzed using R 4.3.2 version and by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients. Results: After education, the subjects' nursing professionalism(t=-5.95, p<.001), attitude of patient safety(t=-3.59, p<.001), confidence in performance of patient safety(t=-3.90, p<.001), and confidence in performance multidrugresistant bacterial infection control(t=-5.55, p<.001) increased statistically significantly. After education, there was a positive correlation between nursing professionalism, attitude of patient safety(r=.43, p<.001), confidence in performance of patient safety(r=.64, p<.001), confidence in performance multidrug-resistant bacterial infection control(r=.41, p=<.001). The relationship between attitude of patient safety, confidence in performance of patient safety(r=.47, p<.001), confidence in performance multidrug-resistant bacterial infection control(r=.37, p=<.001) showed a positive correlation. Confidence in performance of patient safety, confidence in performance multidrug-resistant bacterial infection control(r=.80, p<.001) showed a positive correlation. Conclusion: Through this study, in order to strengthen effective patient safety management behavior, it is necessary to find ways to increase immersion and proactiveness in education by developing and applying various scenarios related to patient safety in nursing management simulation education.

Aviation safety is critically dependent on effective communication, particularly in the English language, which serves as the international language of aviation. This paper explores the significance of proficient English language communication among aviation professionals and its impact on operational safety. Effective communication in aviation involves various factors such as lack of accent, perfect listening skills, effective hearback and readback procedures, and more. Additionally, English language efficiency in aviation is closely related to emotional stability and the ability to manage stress, both of which are crucial in highpressure environments. The research will also look into the regulatory challenges faced by the aviation industry in standardizing and enforcing language proficiency requirements by the International Civil Aviation Organization and other international institutions. Through a thorough review of existing regulations, industry practices, and case studies, this paper highlights the steps taken to improve communication skills among pilots, air traffic controllers, and other key aviation professionals.

This study was attempted to solve the problem that the current training is not consistent with the actual working environment of the fishing vessel, even though the advanced fire extinguishing training for international fishing vessels is mandatory. As a result of the survey, the lack of timely use of fire extinguishing equipment and the difficulty of organizing the fire extinguishing organization were found, and the main problems were analyzed as low understanding of fixed fire extinguishing facilities, low awareness of fire-related laws and regulations, and inefficiency of fire extinguishing training. It was found that the current Seafarers Act does not clearly define the roles and responsibilities of advanced fire extinguishers, and lacks specific standards for designated educational institutions, so there is a problem that the accuracy and reliability of the training contents with the STCW-F Convention and STCW Convention are inconsistent. In addition, it has been confirmed that the fire extinguishing organization, internal communication, and fire extinguishing training in ships, as stipulated in international agreements, are not properly reflected in the domestic curriculum. In particular, the current training consists of general contents that do not take into account the characteristics of fishing vessels, so there is a lack of practical emergency response fire extinguishing training manuals. Therefore, this study proposes the development of customized training content for fishing vessels considering the special working environment and risk factors of fishing vessels based on international agreements, and emphasizes the need for policy support, such as strengthening participation of fishing vessels in education and training, and establishing a legal basis for the operation of emergency fire extinguishing organizations.

This study aimed to enhance the operational efficiency and safety of offshore eel trap fisheries by developing six types of automated fishing equipment: a bait crusher, bait cutter, main line arranging device, trap cleaning device, eel sorting device, and fish pump system. Sea trials demonstrated that the bait crusher and bait cutter significantly reduced manual labor and processing time while maintaining bait quality. The main line arranging device improved productivity and safety by automating the sorting of looped cords. The trap cleaning device effectively removed fouling organisms using high-pressure water and rotating brushes. The eel sorting device enabled automatic size-based selection, improving resource management and operational efficiency. The fish pump system transferred eels rapidly with minimal physical damage, reducing unloading time by over 80% and decreasing labor requirements. A satisfaction survey of fishery participants confirmed that all developed devices were highly effective in reducing workload, enhancing safety, and improving operational performance. The automated equipment developed in this study is expected to contribute to the sustainable management of offshore eel trap fisheries and to offer potential applicability to other coastal and offshore fisheries.

This study aims to evaluate traffic safety facilities in school zones in Busan Metropolitan City through Importance-Performance Analysis. This study investigated the traffic safety facilities in nine school zones, which have relatively more traffic accidents in Busan Metropolitan City from 2020 to 2022, through a field study and an Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). It identified their performance(i.e., compliance rate) and importance to derive measures for the improvement of traffic safety facilities in school zones. The field study showed that the compliance rate of starting points among traffic safety signs was low, and no speed limits were complied with the installation regulations among traffic road markings, but road safety facilities were generally well managed and operated. As a result of AHP, the order of importance was road safety facilities, traffic safety signs, and traffic road markings. More specifically, speed bumps, safety signs, and crosswalks were found to be more important than others in road safety facilities, traffic safety signs, and traffic road markings, respectively. Importance- Performance(compliance) Analysis revealed that the traffic safety facilities necessary to be most urgently improved are starting points. This result can be resorted to underlying measures to determine priorities for installing and operating traffic safety facilities in school zones.