간행물
한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집
- 발행기관 한국응용곤충학회
- 자료유형 학술대회
- 간기 반년간
- 수록기간 2000 ~ 2024
- 주제분류 농수해양 > 농학 농수해양 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 495DDC 595
권호리스트/논문검색
한국응용곤충학회 50주년 기념 국제 심포지엄 (2011년 5월) 233건
201.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
귤응애의 친환경자재 3종에 대한 약제감수성을 조사한 결과 허브 규, 파라포린 스, HES에 대한 약제처리 3일후의 생충율은 0%로 방제가 100%를 보였다. 귤녹응 애의 살비제 7종 및 친환경자재 2종에 대한 약제감수성을 약제처리 3일, 5일, 7일 후에 조사하였다. 그 결과 친환경자재인 기계유유제와 파라포핀스 HES합제가 높 은 살충율을 보였으며, 살비제인 spirodiclofen, dicofol, spiromesifen, propargite, cyhexatin에 대해서도 높은 살충율을 보였다. 한편, mancozeb에 대한 귤녹응애의 살충율은 8일후 45%, 10일후 56%를 나타냈다. 귤응애의 유기인계살충제 dimethoate에 대한 저항성 계통과 감수성 계통을 선 별하기 위해서 제주도 감귤원 17농가 중 dimethoate에 대하여 낮은 감수성을 나타 낸 3개 농가 (S-9, J-4, S-8 계통)와 높은 감수성을 나타낸 1개 농가 (S-3 계통)에서 귤응애를 채집하여 감수성을 검정하였다. 또한, 친환경 농가 5곳 (S-2', S-3', J-1', J-2', J-3' 계통)을 대상으로 귤응애를 채집하여 상기의 약제에 대한 감수성을 검정 하였다. 그 결과 J-4, S-8계통은 dimethoate에 대한 LC50가 905ppm, 323ppm를 나타냈다. S-3, S-2', S-3', J-1', J-2', J-3' 계통의 dimethoate에 대한 LC50는 564ppm, 140ppm, 186ppm, 97ppm, 341ppm, 206ppm으로 J-4 계통에 대한 저항성비는 각 각 1.60, 6.46, 4.86, 9.32, 2.65, 4.39를 나타냈다. leaf spray 방법을 사용하여 S-9, J-4, S-8 계통을 기준사용량의 dimethoate로 처리 후 살아남은 개체를 저항성 계통 으로 보고 사육하였으며 LC50가 140ppm, 97ppm으로 가장 낮은 S-2', J-1' 계통을 감수성 계통으로 보고 이를 사육하였다. 접종 3개월 후의 2차도태시 이들에 대한 LC50를 측정한 결과 J-4, S-8 계통의 LC50는 1220ppm, 635ppm으로 1차도태시 측정값과 비교하여 각각 1.34, 1.96배 증가를 보였다. 감수성 계통으로 생각된 S-2', J-1' 계통은 443ppm, 199ppm으로 이전 측정값에 비교하여 감수성이 낮아졌 다. dimethoate에 대한 순수 절대 감수성 계통을 얻기 위해서는 이들 계통을 대상 으로 역도태 과정이 필요하리라 생각된다. 한편, 감수성 점박이응애를 사용한 dimethoate의 LC50는 738ppm으로 J-4 계통에 대하여 1.22의 저항성비를 얻었다.
202.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Six plant essential oils, vanillin, and their mixtures were tested for repellent activities and olfactory responses in a dengue virus vector mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Among the plant essential oils, cassia oil showed complete protection time (CPT) of 75 minutes. CPTs of lemongrass, lemoneucalyptus, xanthoxylum oils, and vanillin were within 30 minutes at 5% (0.21 mg/cm2) tested level, although their CPTs were not comparable to same concentration of DEET that showed 127.5 minutes of CPT. However, their repellency effects were significantly improved in two conditions; improving concentration up to 15% level (0.63 mg/cm2) and addition of vanillin. In bioassays using binary or tertiary mixtures with one or two essential oils with or without vanillin, the composition of 1:3:1 (v/v/w) consisted of lemongrass oil, xanthoxylum oil and vanillin provided 270 min-CPT. As a practical application, the mixture of 1:1:1 formulation containing lemongrass oil, xanthoxylum oil, and vanillin (v/v/w) was enclosed into the Viscopearl, porous cellulose beads that provide gradual release of volatile compounds. Efficiently, more than 90% of repellency for 2 hours was observed in cage and semi-field chamber tests using the formulation. In addition to behavioral assays, we subsequently examined how mosquitoes sense the blends of oils with vanillin by using electroantennogram (EAG) recording. Binary mixture with one oil and vanillin, which extended CPTs, showed no significant patterns of EAG alternation, while tertiary mixtures of oils and vanillin decreased patterns of EAG responses as an increase of vanillin contents in the mixture, implying further potential roles of vanillin as a synergist in mosquito repellency. Based on behavioral and electrophysiological data, cassia, rosemary, lemongrass, xanthoxylum, and lemoneucalyptus oils could provide the high possibility for development of commercial products for useful management strategies to control mosquitoes.
203.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
The Black pine bast scale, Matsucoccus thunbergianae is one of the most serious in black pine, Pinus thunbergii forests in Korea. Since this pest was first reported in Goheung, Korea in 1963, which is gradually spread into neighboring regions and now occurs in many regions of the southern and eastern part of the Korean peninsula. The monitoring for distribution of M. thunbergianae was able to observed by naked eye egg sacs and pupa of male on the host until now. Therefore, this monitoring was very difficult in the low density of M. thubergianae. This experiment was conducted to use simple and practical moving cross-shaped flat trap for monitoring of M. thunbergianae. The monitoring of M. thunbergianae using the device was carried out to southern regions of the Korean peninsula. The first emergence of male showed mid. March in Namhae and late march in Busan, Jinju and Pohang. The peak of emergence showed late March in Namhae and early April in the other regions. When the number of M. thunbergianae intermediate nymph showed 58~59, 11~44 and 8~25 on 39.25 ㎠ bark area of the black pine, Pinus thubergii for 1 week, the number of captured its male adult was 58~83, 67~488 and 1~55 on the moving cross-shaped flat trap (10× 13㎝), respectively. The low density of M. thunbergianae was some few the number of capture, but there were no significant difference in its high density. Also, the number of captured its male adult was no significant in the different color (yellow, red, white and blue) of the moving cross-shaped flat trap.
204.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
To find an alternative for synthetic pesticides, methanol extract from plant samples were tested for their insecticidal activity against insect. The extract of Asiasarum sieboldii had strongly insecticidal activity against Plutella xylostella. Roots of A. sieboldii were extracted with methanol, and the concentrated extract was partitioned with n-hexane, ethylacetate, n-buthanol and H2O. The highest activity was shown in the hexane fraction. Activity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of two amides from hexane fration through the repeated silica gel column chromatographic separations. From the interpretation of spectropic data including NMR, MS, IR, the chemical structures of compounds were determined as dodeca-2E,4E,8Z,10Z-tetraenoic acid isobutylamide and dodeca-2E,4E,8Z, 10E-tetraenoic acid isobutylamide. These compounds showed insecticidal activity on P. xylostella by 96.7% at 100ppm. The liquid formulation controlled on cabbage effectively. The extract and compounds from A. sieboldii showed insecticidal activity against Nilaparvata lugens. As a naturally occurring pesticide, A. sieboldii could be useful as a new botanic insecticide.
205.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Field-collected populations of mayflies, Ephemera orientalis were tested for susceptibility to 10 different insecticides using a direct-contact mortality bioassay. Ephemera orientalis subimagoes were susceptible to the insecticides chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion and chlorfenapyr with LD50 values of 69.7, 78.8 and 81.9μg/♀, and adults had LD50 values of 71.9, 78.8 and 85.4μg/♀, respectively. Susceptibility ratios(SRs) of subimagoes and adults of E. orientalis to the 10 insecticides were 1.0 to1.2 folds. The mayflies showed higher susceptibility to organophosphates than to pyrethroids. The SRs of Anopheles sinensis to E. orientalis were 514 to 1,438 fold higher for organophosphates (LD50 values of 0.05 to 0.23μg/♀) and 62 to 1,155 fold higher forpyrethroids (LD50 values of 0.13 to 2.41μg/♀). The SRs of Culex pipiens to E. orientalis were 606 to 3,595 fold higher for organophosphates with LD50 values of 0.02-0.17μg/♀ and 81 to 1,365 fold higher for pyrethroids with LD50 values of 0.11- 1.83μg/♀. These results indicate that the use of ineffective insecticides will result in unsatisfactory control against field populations of the subimagoes and adults of E. orientalis. This work was supported by a research grant from the National Vector Control and Surveillance work performed by the Korean National Institute of Health.
206.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Insecticidal activity of active component isolated from Ruta chalepensis leaves was examined against maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais and compared with two different bioassay system, such as direct contact and fumigant method. The methanol extract of R. chalepensis leaves had strongly (+++) insecticidal activity at 50 mg/disk against S. zeamais. Methanol extract of R. chalepensis was partitioned with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water fraction, successively. In this result, the highest activity was shown in chloroform fraction against S. zeamais. Biologically active compound derived from chloroform fraction of R. chalepensis extract was purified by using SiO2 column chromatography and prep-HPLC. The insecticidal constituent of R. chalepensis was identified as quinoline-4-carboxaldehyde by various chromatography and spectroscopic analysis methods. At 2.5 mg/disk, the most toxic activity against S. zeamais was exerted by the direct contact method (100%), followed by the fumigant method (23%). These results revealed that the contact toxicity showed 4.35 times greater than the respiration toxicity. Furthermore, these results indicate that quinoline- 4-carboxaldehyde could be useful as a new preventive agent against damage caused by stored-product insects.
207.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
From the methanol crude extracts of the tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima) leaves, the antifeedant substance was isolated and bioassayed with different concentrations against diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) larvae. The antifeeding activity was evaluated by measuring the feeding area during 24 hr after inoculation. Methanol extracts showing antifeeding activity at 5000 ppm was subsequently fractionated into hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water layer. Third larvae of diamondback moth was tested to each fraction layer. Chloroform layer shows the highest antifeeding activity and the layer was purified by silica gel open column chromatography. The C22 and C23 fractions showed higher antifeeding ratio with 96 and 86%, respectively, and then these two fractions were re-isolated by ODS open column chromatography. As a result, both fractions in methanol 40% (v/v) showed antifeeding ratio over 90%. The C221 fraction showed insecticidal activity in all fraction, however, C231 fraction was showed the antifeeding activity only in C2311 fraction. The C2311 fraction judging to have antifeeding activity was re-isolated and purified by HPLC and recycling, and finally obtained the bioactive substances (C23111) with antifeeding ratio with 88%. The structure of bioactive materials isolated was confirmed by LC-mass and 1H-NMR(500 MHz), 13C-NMR(100 MHz).
208.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
The rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae, is one of the most common storage pests worldwide of grocery shops, flour mills and warehouses. This study investigated to assess the contact and fumigant toxicities of Juglnas regia and its active component against the S. oryzae adults. Using the two different bioassays against S. oryzae adults, the methanol extract of J. regia at 20 mg had the moderate (++) activity and weak (+) activity using direct contact and fumigant method, respectively. The methanol extract was partitioned with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water fraction. Ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the methanol extract showed strong (+++) and weak (+) activity at 10 mg using direct contact and fumigant method, respectively. Ethyl acetate fraction was purified by silica gel column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC). The structure of active component was analyzed by EI-MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra, and was identified as C-21233. Purified C-21233 from ethyl acetate fraction had strong (+++) and moderate (++) activity using direct contact and fumigant method against S. oryzae adults. These results indicate that active component in J. reiga derived materials could be potential candidates as a contact and fumigant for managing S. oryzae adults. Further studies should be performed to the structure activity relationship of C-21233 and compared with its derivatives.
209.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
This study was performed to investigate the effect of flonicamid and thiamethoxam treated at sublethal concentration (LC10, LC30) on development period, adult longevity and fecundity and the feeding behaviour of Myzus persicae adult. Developmental period of M. Persicae nymph took 5.9 days in LC10, and 6.1 days in LC30 in both insecticides, comparing with control (5.7 days), it showed longer than those of the control, but there was no significance. Adult longevity treated at LC10 and LC30 of flonicamid was showed 13.2 and 13.7 days, respectively, and LC10 of thiamethoxam was examined as 14.7 days, it showed longer than control of 11.6 days. Mean daily fecundity exhibited higher in LC10 (3.1) and LC30 (3.1) of flonicamid than that of control (2.5), but thiamethoxam are not. Total fecundity exhibited higher in LC10 (41.8) and LC30 (43.0) of flonicamid, in LC10 (42.1) of thiamethoxam than that of control (29.5). Feeding behavior was examined using EPG (electrical penetration graph). EPG data indicated that flonicamid and thiamethoxam increased the duration of non-probing periods and decreased the duration of phloem ingestion.
210.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
가을배추에서 담배거세미나방 접종시기와 접종밀도에 따른 배추의 수량에 미 치는 영향을 조사하여 요방제 수준을 설정하고자 하였다. 배추 정식 5일후 담배거 세미나방 0, 5, 10, 20, 40마리/100주 접종 20일 후 피해엽율은 각각 0.9, 44.2, 60.8, 67.3, 77.7%였고, 정식 20일 후 접종은 0.7, 14.55, 19.8, 31.9, 39.9%로 정식 초기에 피해가 더 심했으며, 접종밀도가 높을수록 피해엽율이 높았다. 담배거세미 나방 무접종구의 수량 1,302kg/10a를 기준으로 정식초기 40마리 접종구는 439kg 으로 66.3%, 정식중기 40마리 접종구는 34.7%의 수량감소를 보였다. 유충밀도와 수량의 회귀분석 결과 정식초기는 Y=-21.85X+1300 (R2=0.997), 정식중기는 Y=-12.1X+1382 (R2=0.998)로 산출되었고 이를 근거로 배추 수량 5%를 경감시키 는 담배거세미나방 밀도는 정식초기는 2.9마리, 정식중기는 5.6마리였다. 배추에 서 담배거세미나방 발생밀도와 수량과의 관계는 부의 상관으로 접종밀도가 높을 수록 수량은 크게 감소하여 배추 수량에 담배거세미나방 발생밀도가 큰 영향을 미 치는 것으로 판단되었다.
211.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
The impact of transgenic Bt maize plant contained Cry1F was evaluated on the oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi as a non-target insect species. Slightly reduced rates of survival and alata vivipar production were observed on Bt maize than on the non-Bt maize. In addition, slightly low preference to Bt maize plant was observed. Aphid fecundity, measured as the number of offspring produced for 7 days, was higher on Bt maize than on non-Bt maize but not different significantly. ELISA test using Cry1F-antibody revealed that 26% of Cry1F protein compared to the positive control was detected from the whole body of R. padi when the insects were fed Bt maize for 50 days, showing that R. padi can carry Cry1F protein to the higher trophic level when exposed to Bt maize. Taken together, the Bt maize plant is not likely to cause any negative side impacts on non-target insect R. padi but Bt toxin can be transferred to higher predators via R. padi as it carries the toxin.
212.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strain K4 was isolated from fallen leaves which had been collected at a forest stand in Mungyeong city, Republic of Korea. The flagellated vegetative cells of Bt K4 were agglutinated with the H3 reference antiserum among 55 reference H-antisera. In a further test to identify subfactors, 3b and 3d monospecific antisera were reactive to the cells, followed up with introducing a novel serogroup of 3a3b3d, designated as serovar mogi. The strain K4 had mosquitocidal activity against Dipteran larvae, Anopheles sinensis and Culex pipiens pallens, with no Lepidopteran toxicity observed. The SDS-PAGE profile of K4 crystal protein, ovoidal-shaped, included several bands ranging from 30-75 kDa. Four putative peptides, Cry19Ba, Cry40ORF2, Cry27Aa and Cry20Aa were detected from the bands by a nano-LC-ESI-IT MS analysis. Through a thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR, cry19Ba, cry40ORF2 and cry27Aa genes were partially cloned from K4 strain. Three cry genes were further found in the strain by a 454 pyrosequencing, ending up to showing 58%, 39% and 84% homology in amino acids with Cry56Aa, Cry8Ba and Cry39ORF2 toxins, respectively. This novel 3a3b3d type strain, B. thuringiensis subsp. mogi, can be used as a good resource for studying unknown mosquitocidal cry genes.
213.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Molecular characterization of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus ORF43 null mutant
ORF43 (ac43) of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is a highly conserved baculovirus gene whose function is unknown. To determine the role of ac43 in baculovirus life cycle, we used a new AcMNPV bacmid (bAc-MK) and generated ac43 deletion virus (ac43KO) by using the plasmid capture system (PCS). After transfection into Spodoptera frugiperda cells, ac43KO produced significantly different OBs which with much larger size; and especially had much single nucleocapsids compared to Ac-MK. Furthermore, ac43KO bacmid led to defect in transcription and expression of polyhedrin, which result in less OBs production. However, ac43KO didn't affect BV production since there's no remarkable difference of BV titer in both ac43KO and Ac-MK. These results demonstrate that ac43 play an important role in polyhedrin expression, OB formation, and virion assembly.
214.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Bee venom contains a variety of protein allergens, including serine proteases. Additionally, bee venom has been used in therapeutic application through immunotherapy for bee venom hypersensitivity and venom therapy as an alternative medicine. Here we present a novel view of the application of bee venom through which bee venom serine protease exhibits fibrin(ogen)olytic activity. Compared to honeybee venom, bumblebee venom contains a larger amount of a serine protease as one of its major components. Immunologically, venom serine proteases from bumblebees did not show cross-reactivity with the honeybee venom serine protease. We provide functional evidence indicating that bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) venom serine protease (Bt-VSP) acts as a fibrin(ogen)olytic enzyme. Bt-VSP activates prothrombin and directly degrades fibrinogen into fibrin degradation products, defining roles for Bt-VSP as a prothrombin activator, a thrombin-like protease, and a plasmin-like protease. However, Bt-VSP did not activate plasminogen and the fibrinolytic activity of Bt-VSP is less than plasmin. These findings offer insight into the allergic reaction sequence of bee venom serine protease and its potential usefulness as a clinical agent in the field of hemostasis and thrombosis.
215.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
The differences in the immune response between body lice, Pediculus humanus humanus, and head lice, Pediculus humanus capitis, were regarded as primary factors determining their differential vector competence. To find any differences in genetic components in immune system between body and head lice, whole genome sequences of head lice were determined by both SBS [sequencing by synthesis, Illumina Genome Analyzer (Illumina-GA)] and pyrosequencing (Roche GS FLX), and compared with the reference genome sequences of body lice. The short DNA reads from Illumina-GA (an average mapping depth of 50-fold) were aligned first to the body louse reference genome, to which Roche GS FLX DNA reads (an average depth of 2.5-fold) were subsequently assembled to make up gaps between mapped consensus. Total consensus showed a size of 114 Mb and a coverage of 96% of the published body louse genome sequences. From this head louse genome sequences, a total of 12,651 genes were predicted and used for comparing with the 10,775 genes previously reported from the body louse genome. The homolog analysis identified 873 head louse-specific genes and 422 body lice-specific genes. Comparison of immune response genes between both louse species showed head lice have more number of immune-related genes than body lice. Head lice were determined to possess all of the 107 immune-related genes reported in the previous study (Kim et al., 2011), suggesting that there is no difference in genetic make-up in terms of the 107 immune-related genes between body and head lice.
216.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Haplodiploid sex determination occurs in a wide range of animals, especially in Hymenoptera, where a fertilized egg develops into a diploid female and unfertilized into a haploid male. However, recent studies on diploid functional males in some wasps suggest that the simple addition of paternal gene by fertilization may not be enough to explain female offspring production in the sex determination system. Recently, activation of sex determination gene (tra) was found to have a pivotal role in determining the sex of Nasonia vitripennis. In N. vitripennis, tra is activated only on the paternal genome (i.e. sperm) not on the maternal counterpart (i.e. egg). Such parent specific activation of a gene is controlled by a epigenetic factor, DNA methylation. However, in Trichogramma kaykai, Wolbachia induces female offspring production without sperm. Therefore all female offspring are clonal to the maternal gene. This violates the role of activated sex determination gene (tra) from sperm in the wasp. We hypothesize that Wolbachia has an ability to activate the gene by demethylation. This hypothesis indicates that the target of sex ratio distorting endosymbionts may be an upstream gene. It will enhance our understanding of evolution of haplodiploid sex determination.
217.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
cry gene은 Bacillus thuringienesis(B.t.)에서 대상 곤충에 살충활성을 나타내는 내독소단백질을 형성하는 주요 유전자로 특정 plasmid DNA상에 암호화되어 있 다. B.t. subsp. aizawai KB098 균주는 파밤나방(spodoptera exigua)에 높은 살충 활성을 보이는 균주로 본 연구에서는 이 균주의 cry gene이 위치하는 plasmid DNA를 찾고자 하였다. 본 실험에 이용된 KB098균주는 cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1C, cry1D 4개의 cry gene을 가지고 있으며, Plasmid DNA는 7개가 확인되었다. Cry gene을 암호화하는 plasmid DNA를 찾기 위해 acrystalliferous균주가 필요하였으 며, 42℃조건으로 48시간 열처리 후 새로운 배지에 27℃ 조건으로 3일간 재배양 하여 sporulation단계에서 위상차현미경관찰을 통해 내독소단백질을 형성하지 않 는 colony를 autolysis 단계까지 배양한 후에 위상차현미경으로 재확인하여 확보 할 수 있었다. 획득한 14개의 acrystalliferous를 균주 중, 서로 다른 pattern의 plasmid DNA를 갖는 5개의 균주를 선발하였고, acrystalliferous재확인을 하기 위 해 SDS-PAGE를 통하여 내독소단백질의 분자량인 130kDa의 band가 형성되지 않음을 확인하였으며, PCR증폭을 통해 acrystalliferous균주가 KB098 균주가 가 지고 있는 4개의 cry gene을 가지고 있지 않음을 확인하였다. cry gene을 암호화 하는 plasmid DNA를 찾기 위해 KB098균주와 선발한 5개의 균주와의 plasmid DNA pattern을 비교한 결과, 두 개의 plasmid DNA band에서의 차이가 확인되 었다.
218.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
xylanolytic gut bacterium isolated from Eisenia fetida, Cellulosimicrobium sp. strain HY-13, produced an extracellular glycoside hydrolase capable of efficiently degrading mannose-based substrates such as locust bean gum (LBG), guar gum, mannotetraose, and mannopentaose. The purified mannan-degrading enzyme (ManS, 34,926 Da) from strain HY-13 was found to have an N-terminal amino acid sequence of DEATTDGLHVVDD, which has not yet been identified. Under the optimized reaction conditions of 50℃ and pH 7.0, ManK exhibited extraordinary high specific activities of 7,109 IU/mg and 5,158 IU/mg toward LBG and guar gum, respectively, while the enzyme showed no effect on sugars substituted with p-nitrophenol and various non-mannose carbohydrates. ManK strongly attached to Avicel, lignin, β-cyclodextrin, and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) granules, but not bound to chitin, chitosan, curdlan, or insoluble oat spelt xylan. The aforementioned characteristics of ManS suggest that it is a unique endo-β -1,4-mannanase with out additional carbohydrolase activities, which differentiates it from other well-known carbohydrolases.
219.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the nerippe fritillary butterfly, Argynnis nerippe, which is listed as an endangered species in Korea, is described with an emphasis on the A+T-rich region. The 15,140-bp long circular molecule consisted of 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes and one control region, known in insect as the A+T-rich region, as found in typical metazoans. The 329-bp long A+T-rich region located between srRNA and tRNAMet possessed the highest A/T content (95.7%) than any other region of the genome. Along with the several conserved sequences found typically in the lepidopteran insects the genome contained one tRNAMet-like and tRNALeu(UUR) -like sequence in the A+T-rich region.
220.
2011.05
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
The Samia cynthia ricini (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is a commercial silk-producing insect belonging to an insect family Saturniidae in Bombycoidea. The species that has presumably been originated in India, is distributed in India, China, and Japan. Unlikely domestic silkworm the prime host plant for the species is a castor-oil plant (Ricinus communis in Euphorbiaceae). Recently, the eri-silkworm also is reared in Korea and is expected to be utilized for a diverse purpose. In this report, we present the complete mitochondrial genome of the species with the emphasis of a few major characteristics. The 15,384-bp long S. cynthia ricini (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) mitochondrial genome was amplified into three long overlapping fragments (from COI ~ ND4, ND5 ~ lrRNA, and lrRNA ~ COI) and subsequent several short fragments using the long fragments as temperate. The primers for both long and short fragments were designed solely for lepidopteran genomes, without any species-specific primers. As a usual the genome is composed of 37 genes: 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two rRNA genes, and 22 tRNA genes, and one large non-coding region termed the A+T-rich region. Arrangement of the genome is identical to those of other lepidopteran mitochondrial genome, but this differs from the common arrangement found in a diverse insect order, by the movement of tRNAMet to a position 5’- up stream of tRNAIle. Unlikely previous report on the start codon for COI gene in Lepidoptera S. cynthia ricini COI gene starts with typical ATT codon located between tRNATyr and the beginning region of COI gene. The 22 tRNAs that are interspersed throughout the mitogenome ranged in length from 62 to 71 bp. All tRNAs but tRNASer(AGN) were shown to be folded into the expected cloverleaf secondary structures. More detailed structural and phylogenetic analyses among Bombycidae and Saturniidae in connection with other families in the Bombycoidea will be performed soon
