In this paper, nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide(rGO) is obtained by thermal annealing of nitrogen-containing compounds and graphene oxide (GO) manufactured by modified Hummers' method. We use melamine as a nitrogen-containing compound and treat GO thermally with melamine at over 800 ~ 1,000℃ and 1 ~ 3 hr under Ar atmosphere. The electrical conductivity of doped rGO is measured by 4-point probe method. As a result, nitrogen contents on rGO are found to be in the range of 2.5 to 12.5 at% depending on the doping conditions after thermal annealing. The main doping site on graphene oxide is changed from pyridinic-N and pyrrolinic N to the graphitic site as the heat treatment temperature increases. The electrical conductivity of doped rGO increases as the N doping content increases. As the thermal treatment time increases, the change of both total doping contents and doping sites is slight and the surface resistance is remarkably reduced, which is caused by healing effects of doped graphene oxide at high temperature.

Recently, as the global problem of marine debris and marine plastics is getting serious, various ways to solve them have been proposed, and the use of the biodegradable fishing gear is proposed as an alternative. Currently, 13 types of biodegradable fishing gears are available, but their penetration rate is only 8.7%. However, the need for the use of the biodegradable fishing gear is growing as awareness of protecting marine ecosystems is growing. Therefore, in this study, the economic effects of the expansion of biodegradable fishing gear distribution in Korea's coastal areas were analyzed through the conservation of marine ecosystems, augmentation of fisheries resources, and augmentation of fishing efficiency. According to the analysis, the economic effects of 52,795 million won, 105,590 million won, and 158,385 million won was generated as the distribution of biodegradable fishing gear were expanded to 10%, 20% and 30% across all gill net and trap.

본 연구는 진젠도르프의 헤른후트 공동체의 역사와 초기 모라비안 선교사들의 사역과 사역적 특징을 살펴보았다. 헤른후트 공동체는 20여년간 226명의 모라비안 선교사를 세계 오지에 파송하여 광범위한 선교사역으로 괄목한 만한 업적을 남겼다. 모라비안 선교신학적의 특징은 그리스도의 고난과 죽음의 강조, 성령의 역사에 대한 강조, 선교 중보기도, 공동체 선교, 타문화권 선교, 자비량 선교, 소외된 자들을 위한 선교, 토착화 선교 등이다. 모라비안 선교의 선교신학적 평가는 개신교 내에서 타문화권 선교의 각성에 지대한 공헌을 한 것과 총체적 선교와 공동체 선교를 시행한 것이다. 모라비안 선교는 존 웨슬리와 월리암 케리에게 영향을 주어 근대 선교 세기의 부흥을 가져오 는데 일조하였다. 그러나 이러한 선교적 성과에도 불구하고 모라비안 선교에도 사회 정의에 대한 무관심, 상황화의 결여의 문제점들도 있었 다. 모라비안 선교가 한국 교회의 선교의 발전을 위해 주는 의미는 단순한 선교 열정의 회복, 선교 중보기도, 공동체 선교와 연합 정신, 자비량 및 비즈니스 선교 등의 시행이다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of enzyme activity and anti-proliferation of human cancer cell lines (HCT 116, NCI-H460 and MCF-7) of peanut skin depending on cultivars (Arachis hypogaea L. cv. K-Ol, cv. Sinpalkwang, cv. Daan, cv. Heuksaeng) and extraction solvent. Peanut skin was extracted with 80% ethanol, 80% methanol, 80% acetone, and distilled water, followed by analysis of the enzyme inhibitory activity and anticancer activity. Methanol extract of Daan cultivar most effectively inhibited α-gluosidase (65.08%, 0.025 mg/mL), tyrosinase (82.49%, 2 mg/mL) and ACE (73.61%, 10 mg/mL). The inhibitory effect of peanut skin extracts on colon cancer cell (HCT-116), lung cancer cell (NCI-H460) and breast cancer cell (MCF-7) growth were investigate using MTT assay. The highest anti-proliferation of cancer cell line of peanut skin extracts was observed in the methanol extract of Daan cultivar. The cell viability on HCT 116, NCI-H460 and MCF-7 cell lines of methanol extracts from peanut skin of Daan cultivar was 48.13%, 41.03%, and 36.02% at 200 μg/mL, respectively. These results suggest that peanut skin extracts may mediate physiological activity, and provide valuable information for the use of peanut byproduct as a functional food material.