컴퓨터 기술의 비약적 발전으로 현실세계의 모습을 점점 더 충실하게 구현하고 있는 컴퓨터 게임은 우리로 하여금 게임의 궁극적인 미래모습은 어떤 것이 될 것인가에 대해 생각하게 한다. 지수함수적으로 증가하고 있는 컴퓨터 기술 의 발전 속도를 고려할 때 컴퓨터 게임과 현실세계와의 차별성은 머지않아 사라질 지도 모른다. 본 논문은 컴퓨터 게 임환경의 관점에서 영화 매트릭스에서 제시된 수준의 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 또는 가상현실의 문제를 다룬다. 논의를 전 개함에 있어 먼저 미래의 일어날 컴퓨터 게임의 진화과정을 전망하고, 이와 관련하여 Bostrom의 “시뮬레이션 논쟁”에 대한 비판적 논점을 제시한다. 시뮬레이션 논쟁에서 가정하는 자질독립(substrate-independence) 가설의 문제점을 지적하 며, Bostrom의 조상-시뮬레이션과 관련된 세 명제에 대해 대안 명제를 제안하고 그 함의를 고찰한다.

In this study, we attempted to elucidate the cultural characteristics of Korean food based on a traditional understanding on the Korean novel. To achieve this, food characteristics related to 'rites of passage' were analyzed in the representative Korean literary work "Hon-bool", which describes the life of a first-son's wife every three generations in the going to ruin but historic 'Lee's family of Maean district' family and the life of the common 'Geomeong-gul' people who lived with farming on the Lee's land at Namwon of Junbook province in the 1930~1940s, during the Japanese Colonial rule. Every nation possesses rites of passage at important points in life, such as at birth, age of majority, wedding and death. Korean culture, in particular, has several memorial rites relating to birth, death and passage into the afterlife in which special foods are prepared. In this manner, ceremonial foods represent the Korean peoples' traditional vision of the universe and life. The book "Hon-bool" describes these traditions. Especially, the book describes the table-settings related to the main character's childbirth, first birthday, wedding and death. Therefore "Hon-bool" represents a living history of Korean traditional food and the work of storytelling through the traditional understanding is expected that perform an important role in making of cultural contents of Korean foods.

A total of sixteen Xylotrechus species from the Korean peninsula are recognized, including a newly recorded species, Xylotrechus pavlovskii Plavilstshikov, 1954. We present brief descriptions of the Korean Xylotrechus species, except four species which could not be examined in this study. The geographic distribution, host plants, illustrations for each species, and a key to the Korean Xylotrechus species are provided.

Recently, the Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube is widely used for the local cooler of industrial equipment for special purpose. Although many studies on energy extraction in the vortex tube using air as the working fluid have been made so far, a few experimental studies treated solid particles extraction for incompressible fluid. So, an experimental study for the solid particles extraction in the vortex tube(Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube) using the water which is essentially an incompressible fluid is presented. The experiments were carried out with various cold end orifice diameter ratios ranging from 0.25 to 0.70, the input pressure ranging from 1 to 3MPa was considered. The emphasis was given to examine the effect of geometry factors of vortex tube at working fluid(water) for solid particles(Al2O3) extraction. The optimum geometry factor and inlet pressure for the maximum solid particles extraction was found that the smaller cold end orifice diameter ratio and the higher inlet pressure in experimental condition increase.

In this research, I compared and analyzed the ‘factors of style’ that expresses and visualizes the ‘characteristics of characters’ and the characters from three movies each that was filmed with Kang Ho Song and Keong Ku Seol who acted in many movies both. As the result, for the factors for actors’ makeup design, since they have limited choices of textures, colors, and the range of changes, changing the tone of skin to light to dark implied the images of characteristics. Somewhat dark skin tone that was like tanned skin expressed the life style of the character who works for an active profession not for an intellectual position. For the factors of hair style, medium sized wavy hair that goes straight down forehead expressed the character’s familiar and informal personality while short cut sized all back style hair expressed confidence, sociality, and logical personality of the character. The actors’ costume was important to express the characteristics of characters such as changes of their mind, especially the costumes delivered symbolic meanings of the role of their social class, profession, and their financial state. In addition, there were common factors to create and design a character in terms of the changes of the actors’ body shape; when the actor acted the character who has conflicts inside and sarcastic personality, they lost weight on purpose while they gained weight and made a barrel shaped body to act the character who is positive in every occasion and does not realize the real world or who is greed.

中國因爲在社會主義時期不能形成眞正的女性話語，所以新時期開始了，很快就恢復了以男性爲主的秩序，女性的社會作用與地位狹小了，對女性的視覺與認識也退步了。這些現實可以通過電影裏的女性形象看出，隨着新時期的進展，女性從公共領域移到私人領域，淪爲性慾的對象。從性與性別的角度來看，可以分成三種類型:性別的共有與性的恢复、性別的交叉與性的顚覆、性別的固定與性慾的强調。就是说，進入新時期，女性恢復了自己的性，而被該完成男女性別的壓迫感受到痛苦。女性屬於公共領域同时被母親的作用受壓迫。政治領域也變成個人和經濟領域，從此可以看到消弱國家意識形態而逐漸重視物質條件的社會變化。另外,女性在發揮男性作用之時穿男裝而在發揮女性作用之時穿女裝，就展示性別的交叉與性的顚覆的形態。這在區分男女和按照性規定性別，表現爲徹底阻擋女性的社會活動和造成性認同的混亂。前两類是給女性許容她們出入性和性別的範圍，而性別的固定與性慾的强調這類型意味着女性只能遂行女性作用，女性爲男性存在。所以强調對女性的性慾。另外這些女性塑造爲坏女人的形象，這也就是反映女性成爲性的消費對象，同時反映女性的成長。可是爲了纠正新時期以后重返的以男性爲主的秩序，女性找到自己眞正的座位，就需要和中國社會的發展一起，應該形成眞正的女性話語和進行對女性問題的認眞的摸索。

From April 2008 to January 2009, a total 458 raw milk samples were randomly collected from 15 stock raising farms located in northern area of Kyunggi province and cultured for the presence of Enterococci spp. A total 170 enterococcal isolates were recovered from the raw milk samples. Enterococcus faecalis was predominant species recovered (64.7%), followed by E. faecium (18.8%), E. avium (5.9%), E. gallinarum (5.9%) and E. durans (4.7%). Antimicrobial resistance patterns of 170 Enterococci spp. against ampicillin, erythromycin, tetracyclin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin and streptomycin were tested. According to the result, they showed high level resistance to erythromycin and streptomycin (82,9% and 93,5% respectively), moderately resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and tetracyclin (50%, 45.9% and 32%, respectively) but fortunately, vancomycin and ciprofloxacin are still effective against this species.

This study was conducted to identify plant-parasitic nematodes and determine the distribution pattern of the nematode species in citrus fruit orchards in Korea from April to August, 2008. Plant-parasitic nematodes were found in 139 among 178 soil samples. Tylenchulus semipenetrans was collected from 85 out of 94 Citrus unshiu orchards examined (90.4%). C. junos orchards infested with T. semipenetrans were 60 out of 84 (71.4%). However, proportion of dominant species between the two was different. At domestic Citrus orchards, it proved that T. semipenetrans was the most important plant-parasitic nematode from this study. The overall frequency of the plant-parasitic nematodes was positively correlated with the cultivation years. More alkaline soils tended to harbor more T. semipenetrans. However the correlation coefficient between the two was very low.

A newly recorded species of Philostephanus Distant, 1909 from Korea, P. ulmi (Kerzhner, 1979), is reported with brief taxonomic notes on the Korean Philostephanus species. Morphological keys of the Korean Philostephanus species are provided with the photos of adults and female genitalia for each species.

A taxonomic review of the genus Atractomorpha Saussure in Korea is presented. Two species are identified, Atractomorpha lata (Motschulsky, 1866) and a new record A. sinensis Bolívar, 1905 which is reported from the far southern islands in Korea, Gageo-do and Jeju-do. A key, descriptions, habitus photographs of adults, and distributional information are provided.

표고속(Lentinula )에 속한 종들의 배양적 특성을 규명하고자 국내 미기록종인 L. aciculospora, L. boryana, L. raphanica 3균주와 대조군으로 국내 기록종인 L. edodes 1균주를 실험에 사용하였다. 대조군인 L. edodes 균주는 ME1배지에서 91.8 ㎜/7일로 최대 균사생장을 보였으며 균사배양 최적온도는 24℃, 최적pH는 6으로 나타났고 최적 탄소원과 질소원은 Glucose와 Malt extract, 최적비타민은 Myo-inosiol로 나타났다. 첫 번째 국내 미기록종인L . aciculospora 균주는 PDA 배지에서 36.5 ㎜/7일로 최대 균사생장을 보였으며 균사배양 최적온도는 22℃, 최적pH는 6으로 나타났고 최적 탄소원과 질소원은 Glucose와 Malt extract, 최적비타민은 Myo-inosiol로 나타났다. 두 번째 L. boryana 균주는 MCM 배지에서 55.0 ㎜/7일로 최대 균사생장을 보였으며 균사배양 최적온도는 22℃, 최적pH는 7로 나타났고 최적 탄소원과 질소원은 Glucose와 Urea, 최적비타민은 Riboflabin으로 나타났다. 세 번째 L. raphanica 균주는 ME1 배지에서 70.0 ㎜/7일로 최대 균사생장을 보였으며 균사배양 최적온도는 28℃, 최적pH는 5로 나타났고 최적 탄소원과 질소원은 Sucrose와 Potassium nitrate, 최적비타민은 Riboflabin으로 나타났다.

A taxonomic review of the genus Lagria Fabricius is presented. Two species are identified: Lagria nigricollis Hope and a new record, Lagria rufipennis Marseul. A key, description, habitus photographs of adults, and illustrations of diagnostic characteristics are provided.

풍자개는 어린이들의 순수한 세계를 한없이 사랑하고 아꼈다. 어린이에 관한 그림을 많이 그리며 그 속에 자신의 꿈, 희망, 갈등, 불만, 문제점들을 투사하였다. 어린이 그림을 통하여 인간성, 사회의 모순, 교육 제도 등을 비판하였고 어른들의 세계에서 실망할 때마다 동심의 세계를 그렸다. 어른들의 언어로 소통하기 힘든 부분을 어린이의 시선으로 표현하여 새로운 관점과 시각을 제공했다. 풍자개가 살았던 시대가 힘들었던 만큼 순진무구한 동심의 세계를 그리며 꿈과 희망 및 소망 사항들을 표출했다.

Echinacea 청정대량생산을 위해 재배환경조절이 강한 수경재배 시스템에서 Echinacea 뿌리와 잎 생산에 적합한 수경재배 시스템을 선발하고자 실험을 수행하였다. 실험에 사용한 공시작물은 E. angustifolia DC. 와 E. purpurea (L.) Moerch이며 NFT, modified NFT, DFT, aeroponics, Ebb & Flow등 5가지 시스템을 사용하여 150일간 실험하였다. 120일 수경재배한 두 종 모두 광합성 및 증산률은 Ebb & Flow 시스템에서 유의적으로 낮은 수준을 보였다. 정식 후 150일 째 지상부 생체중과 건물중은 E. angustifi이za의 경우 분무경과 DFT에서 높았고, E. purpurea는 분무경과 NFT에서 유의성 있게 높았다. 지하부의 생체중 및 건물중은 E. angustifolia와 E. purpurea는 분무경에서 가장 높았고 다음으로 M-NFT에서 높았다 두 종 모두 뿌리의 길이는 두 종 모두 NFT 및 Ebb & Flow 시스템에서 높았고 분얼수는 E. purpurea가 분무경에서 유의적으로 높았다. 따라서 Echinacea의 바이오매스 확보를 위한 수경재배 방식으로 광합성과 지상와 지하부 생육량이 E. angustifolia 와 E. purpurea 모두 높았던 분무경 시스템을 선발하였다.