This experiment was undertaken to study the relationship between dry weight of plant(DW) and yield components. varietal differences in seasonal production at each of three cutting. and to classiQ them into some patterns of seasonal production in tall fesc

Deosophila melanogadter 자연집단재 alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH) allele 의 polymorphism 및 두 ADH allele 유전자형간의 적응도와 ethanol 의 상관 관계를 조사하였다. D. meanogaster의 자연집단내 ADH는 polymorphic 하였으며, FF,FS그리고 SS형의 유전자 빈도는 47.66,42.18 및 10.16%로 나타나 F 유전자의빈도가 S 유전자에 비하여 높게 분포하였다. 산란력과 우화율에서는 FF 유전자형이 SS 유전자형에 비하여 모두 약간 높게 나타났다. 자연집단에서 유래된 인공 소집단에서는 세대의 흐름에 따라 {{{{ { Adh}^{F } }}}} 유 전자형의 빈도증가와 상대적 {{{{ { Adh}^{S }}}}} 유전자형의 감소를 보였고, etha-nol은 ADH locu 상의 selective factor로서 작용함을 시사하여 주었다.

대관령 지역에서 Tall fescue 9개 품종을 공시하여 가을철 예취시기에 따른 2번초의 수량구성 요소와 개체중의 변화를 검토하여 이 지역의 환경조건에 적응성이 높은 품종을 선발하여고 하였으며, 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 2번초에서 개체당 경수가 많은 품종(Barcel, Forager)이 개체중도 무거워서 이지역의 환경조건에 적응성이 높은 품종이라고 생각되었다. 2. 가을철 예취시기에 따른 2번초의 개체당 경수는 개체중과 0.1%의 유

대관령지역의 영년초지에서 재배되는 Tall fescue 품종의 월동성을 상대경수출현율당 개체중으로 평가하였다. 1 상대경수출현율당 개체중에 의하여 Tall fescue 품종을 2품종군으로 분류하였다. 즉 상대경수출현율당 개체중이 2.0이상에는 Forager와 Fuego의 2품종이, 그리고 2.0 미만에는 Barcel, Barvetia, Demeter. Enforcer, Johnstone, Safe 그리고 Stef의 7품종이 포함되었다. 2. 상대경수출현

This experiments was carried out to evaluate the potential winter hardiness of tall fescue varieties based on the data of dry weight of plant per relative tiller appearance rates(DW/RTAR) in mountainous pastures of Taekwalyon area. The results obtained we

This experiments were carried out to estimate the optimum final cutting date in autumn and the selection of highly adaptable varieties in mountainous pastures of Taekwalyong area. The evaluations were based on the data of varietal differences of dry weigh

This experiment was carried out to select for the varieties with high environmental adaptability in mountainous pastures of Taekwalyong area, and the evaluation was based on the data of varietal differences of dry matter production and yield components in

For the constitution of forage cropping system including the double-cropping of corn, attention has been directed towards the early and short maturing varieties of corn such as Comet 80, Comet 85 and Linda as a component forage crop of forage cropping sys

본 연구에서는 한국의 성인들을 대상으로 Maggiori, Rossier, Savickas(2017)가 개발한 진로적 응성 척도의 단축형(Career Adapt-Abilities Scale-Short Form)(CAAS-SF)을 타당화하고자 하였다. 타당화를 위해서 확인적 요인분석을 통해 요인구조와 문항의 적절성을 확인하였으며, 성별과 경력에 따라 척도의 적용가능성을 살펴보기 위해 집단간 구인동등성 검증을 실시하였다. 마지막으로, 관련 변인들과의 상관을 통해 진로적응성 단축형의 준거관련 타당도를 확인하였다. 연구결과, 원척도 개발 당시 가정한 2차 요인모형이 우리나라 성인들의 자료를 잘 설명하는 것으로 나타났으며 성별과 경력에 따른 구인동등성도 성립되었다. 진로적응성 단축형은 관심, 통제, 호기심, 자신감 4요인으로 구성되며, 각 요인은 전체문항과 개별 요인으로 사용가능한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 진로적응성은 삶의 만족, 기본 심리적 욕구 충족, 직무만족과 유의미한 정적 상관이 있는 것으로 나타나 준거관련 타당도가 확인되었다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 연구의 함의와 진로적응성 단축형의 활용에 대한 구체적인 논의를 기술하였다.

Background : The cultivation area of Rehmannia glutinosa Liboschitz is 156 ㏊ ('16), which is one of my representative medicinal crops. However, since it grows by roots, the damage of the repeated cultivation and the degeneration of the seedstock are increasing. To solve these problems, we are developing new varieties every year by testing the regional adaptability of high quality system. In recent years, as the quality and quantity of new varieties have been proven to increase, the need for continuous development of excellent varieties is increasing. Methods and Results : The test material used a jihwang-1 as standard variety, the system was planted in 3-year (RGES 20), 2-year (RGES 21, 22, 23) and 3-year (RGES 24, 25). The root lengths were cut at intervals of about 2 to 3 ㎝ and immersed for 20 minutes in a fludioxonil suspension concentrate (1,000-fold dilution) and shaded for 1 day. Sowing was planted on April 30th, and planting interval was 30 ㎝ × 15 ㎝. Growth investigation was carried out on the overground growing (plant length, leaf length, leaf number, plant type, etc) and degree of generation of pests. As a result of the growth investigation, the third year RGES 20, the second year RGES 22, and the first year RGES 25 were excellent. RGES 20 was upright type and superior in overground growing, RGES 22 had strong pest resistance. RGES 25 was characterized by strong at high temperature, but growth is not as good as other high quality system. Conclusion : Recently, the difficulty of cultivation of zucchini has been increasing due to abnormal weather. Especially in this year, high temperature of 35℃ or more continued for about 30 days, and the need to cultivate varieties resistant to high temperatures is increasing. Therefore, it is expected that RGES 25 can be registered as a promising strain that is resistant to high temperature if the yield is corrected.

Background : Rehmannia glutinose Liboschitz is a perennial herb belonging to the family of Scrophulariaceae. Its roots have been used as a traditional medicine. For cultivation of varieties of Rehmannia glutinose Liboschitz, the pure line selection method, which is to select the best line among those cultivated in farms for pedigree breeding, replicated yield test and regional adaptation test before registering as a new variety, is widely used. Until now, there are 8 registered varieties of Rehmannia glutinose Liboschitz in Korea. The needs for development of disaster-resistant varieties with better chances of surviving when high temperature, salts and disease are increasing. Therefore, this study focused on cultivation of disaster-resistant varieties among those selected for their disaster tolerance and salt tolerance through regional adaptation test. Methods and Results : As a result of examining the incidence of pest insects of the selected 1 - 2 years old varieties used in the study, among the 2-years-old crops, RGES 20 showed the lowest rate in ground parts. Among the 1-year-old crops, the lowest rate incidence of pest insects in ground parts was observed in RGES 23. In addition, RGES 20 and RGES 23 showed superior growth in under ground part with the highest dry root amount. Conclusion : Based on the above results, RGES 20 among the 2-years-old crops, RGES 23 among the 1-year-old crops showed superior growth in under ground part with the highest dry root amount.

저온 적응성 효모 SCY297의 종균 방법에 따른 생존율과 약주 제조시 양조 특성을 조사하였다. 동결건조, 송풍건조 및 액체 제형 방법으로 제조한 다음, 실온에서 장기 저장에 따른 효모의 생존율과 양조 특성을 비교하였다. 또한, 부형 제로 skim milk, α-lactose, trehalose를 5%씩 첨가하여 생존율과 양조특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 부형제가 첨가된 동결건조 및 액체 제형 SCY297 효모는 실온에서 15주 까지 약 80% 이상의 생존율을 나타내었고, 송풍건조는 skim milk 첨가한 경우만 약 80% 이상 생존율을 나타내었다. 저장기간 및 제형화된 효모 SCY297로 약주를 발효하여 그 술덧을 분석한 결과, 동결건조 및 송풍건조된 SCY297는 무처리 SCY297보다 적정산도는 0.61, 아미노산도는 14.23 증가하였고, 알코올 함량은 5.07% 감소하였다. 액체 SCY297는 무처리 SCY297보다 pH 1.86, 아미노산도는 5.1 증가하였고, 알코올 함량은 2.9%로 감소량이 낮았다. 따라서 본 연구 결과, 종래의 고상형 방법보다 액상형 방법을 통한 종균화 가능성을 제시하였다.

Background : For cultivation of varieties of ginseng, the pure line selection method, which is to select the best among those cultivated in farms for pedigree breeding, replicated yield trials and regional adaptation trials before registering as a new variety, is widely used. Although there are 25 registered varieties of ginseng in Korea, the quality of ginseng is declining together with the amount of harvest being decreased by 15 - 20% due to the heat injuries and diseases from the warming & abnormal climate. Thus, the needs for development of disaster-resistant varieties with better chances of surviving through high temperature, salts and disease are increasing. Therefore, this study is to cultivate disaster-resistant varieties among those selected for their disaster tolerance and salt tolerance through regional adaptation trials. Methods and Results : As a result of examining the growth characteristics of the selected 2 - 5 year old varieties used in the study, among the 5-year old crops, Goryeo 4 and Eumseong 5 showed superior growth in both above and below aerial parts, and among the 4-year old crops, Eumseong 11 and Cheonryang showed superior growth while the growth in the below aerial parts were satisfactory in the order of Cheonryang > Eumseong 10 > Eumseong 11 > Eumseong 9. Among the 3-year old crops, the most superior growth in both above and below aerial parts was observed in Eumseong 14 with the weight of the below aerial part, root diameter and taproot length at 13.8 g, 11.8 ㎝ and 6.2 ㎝ respectively. Among the 2-year old crops, Eumseong 10 showed the most superior growth in both above and below aerial parts. Conclusion : Based on the above results, Goryeo 4 and Eumseong 5 among the 5-year old crops, Eumseong 11 among the 4-year old crops, Eumseong 14 among the 3-year old crops and Eumseon 10 among the 2-year old crops showed the most superior growth among the selected varieties. The growth characteristics of both above and below aerial parts in each year will continuously be monitored.

This paper proposes a design methodology of self-reconfigurable kinematics and control engine for modular and reconfigurable robots. A modular manipulator has been proposed to meet the requirement of task adaptation in versatile needs for service and industrial robot area and the function of self-reconfiguration is required to extend the application of modular robots. Kinematic and dynamic contexts are extracted from the module and assembly information and related codes are automatically generated including controller. Thus a user can easily build and use a modular robot without professional knowledge. Simulation results are presented to verify the validity of the proposed method.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of low temperature-adapted Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y297 and fermentation temperatures on the quality of Yakju brewed. Physicochemical properties of Yakju brewed were compared pH, total acidity, ethanol, free amino acid, organic acid contents, and volatile flavor compounds in S. cerevisiae Y297 with control treatment. Cooked non-glutinous rice and saccharogenic amylase in koji were mixed with ethanol-producing yeasts and then fermented at 15℃, 20℃, and 25℃ for 20 days. Yakju brewed using the Y297 treatment showed the highest ethanol yield (17.9%) at 20℃. Expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 104 was evaluated by immunoblotting as an indication of adaptation to low temperatures (15℃); levels of the HSP104 protein were higher in the Y297 treatment than in the control. Organic acid analysis showed that the lactic acid content of Yakju brewed using the control was the highest at 25℃. Finally, free amino acid analysis showed that the Y297 treatment had a higher proportion of essential amino acids than the control. Overall, these results indicate that S. cerevisiae Y297 could be used as a suitable yeast for Yakju brewed under low temperature (15℃) condition.

The objectives of this study were to isolate and characterize low temperature adaptation yeast and to obtain suitable yeasts strains for manufacturing Yakju. In this study, we isolated 482 wild yeasts from fermented foods. Out of these, 5 yeast strains were selected based on increased growth at low temperature (15℃) and high β-glucosidase activity. To screen the aromatic level of isolates, media containing cerulenin and 5,5,5-trifluor-DL-leucine (TFL) were used. Y297 strain demonstrated tolerance against TFL and produced more than 13% alcohol. Y297 strain was identified a Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on the 26S rDNA gene sequences. Maximum cell growth was observed after 19 hr and 38 hr of incubation at 25℃ and 15℃, respectively. The exponential phase was followed by a lengthy stationary phase, at 15℃, when the cells remained high viable. Y297 strain demonstrated tolerance against alcohol (10%), glucose (60%) and salt(NaCl, 8%). β-glucosidase and esterase activity in Y297 were higher than those of controls at 15℃. Overall, these results indicated that using wild yeast strain, isolated from fermented food, affects the chemical characteristics of the brewed Yakju.

The objectives of this study were to assess plant growth of the flowering shrub species for adapting to growing on hanging baskets in the vertical greenery system with different cover materials and substrates for low maintenance effectively utilizing rainfall. Water amount taken up by the fabric cover was higher than that by the plastic film cover. Evaporated water amount from the fabric cover was much slower than that from the plastic cover. A higher ratio of hydrophilic polymer to the substrate resulted in higher substrate water content within the same cover material. The relative growth rates of plant height, leaf width and stem diameter were higher when the Cotoneaster horizontal was grown in the vertical greenery system with the fabric cover, whereas the leaf number and survival rate were higher with the plastic film cover. The relative growth rates of plant height, leaf width and leaf number and the survival rate was higher when the Euonymus fortunei ‘Emerald n Gold’ was grown in the vertical greenery system with plastic film cover than those with both fabric cover and hydrophilic polymer treatment. In contrast, the stem diameter of Euonymus fortunei ‘Emerald n Gold’ was higher in the plants grown in the vertical greenery system with the fabric cover at a 1.0% ratio of hydrophilic polymer to substrate than that with plastic film cover. The highest stem diameter of Spiraea × bumalda ‘Gold Mound’ was observed in the plant grown in the vertical greenery system with fabric cover and at a 1.0% ratio of hydrophilic polymer to substrate, while there was no significant difference in the plant height. The leaf number was decreased with increase in the ratio of hydrophilic polymer to substrate, while the leaf width was decreased. The survival rate of Spiraea × bumalda ‘Gold Mound’ was higher than 80% regardless of treatments. In particular, the highest survival rate was observed in the plastic film cover treatment after overwintering.

열대지역은 낮의 길이가 짧고(단일조건) 기온이 높아 온대벼를 재배하면 이앙 후 25일 경 이삭이 나오는 불시출수현상이 나타나 정상적인 생육을 기대할 수 없고, 수량은 약 1톤/ha 로 정상의 15% 정도 수준에 불과하다. ‘아세미1호’는 이러한 장벽을 타파하기 위해 육성한 품종으로 낮의 길이에 감응하지 않고 꽃이 피는 비감광성이고, 온대지역과 열대지역에서 잘 자라는 광지역적응성이다. ‘아세미1호’의 출수기는 중부평야지 보통기 재배에서 7월28일인 조생종으로 반직립성 초형이며, 이삭추출도 양호하고 탈립은 잘 된다. 저온발아성이 높고, 잎도열병에는 강하지만 다른 병해충에는 약하였다. 또한 쌀이 맑고 단백질함량은 7.4%로 다소 높으며, 도정특성은 ‘화성’보다 미흡하였다. 수량성은 중부평야지 4개소에서 582㎏/10a로 ‘화성’ 대비 108%, 중산간지에서 605㎏/10a로 ‘오대’ 대비 109%로 높았으며, 조기재배에서 549 ㎏/10a 로 ‘조평’대비 105%, 소득작물 후작에서도 521 ㎏/10a 로 ‘금오’대비 112%로 높았다. 필리핀 현지에서도 내도복, 다수성으로 평가되었다. 벼키는 89cm, 주당수수 13개, 현미천립중이 23g이었으며 도정률은 현지 품종 IR 72가 62%인데 ‘아세미1호’는 65%로 높았고 수확량도 5.2 t/ha으로 IR72보다 10%가까이 높았다. 특히, 열대아시아지역에서 우리 입맛에 맞는 쌀을 생산할 수 있는 기반을 마련하고, 기후온난화에 대응하여 고온 적응 품종 개발을 위한 중간모본으로 활용이 기대된다.

본 연구는 조생종 벼의 평야지 적응성을 향상시키고자 벼흰잎마름병 및 줄무늬잎마름병에 대한 저항성 유전자가 집적된 저항성 계통을 개발하고 이들의 저항성 성능검정과 수량성 등 농업형질을 분석하여 육종사업에 반영하고자 수행하였다. Xa3를 가지고 있는 운광과 Xa4+xa5+Xa21+Stvb-i를 가지고 있는 SR30075 조합 계통을 모본으로 하여 분자표지를 이용하여 저항성 유전자가 집적된 F3계통을 선발하였고 운광에 여교배하였다. 여교배 이후에 K3a균계에 대한 생물검정 및 수량성 등 농업형질에 대한 조사를 통해 RL1(BC1F7),RL2-5(BC2F6)등 5개 조생종 저항성 계통을 육성하였다. 분자표지로 저항성 유전자를 확인한 결과 RL1은 Xa3+xa5+Xa21+Stvb-i를 가지고 있었고 RL2, RL3와 RL5 는 Xa3+Xa21+Stvb-i, RL4는 Xa21를 보유하고 있었다. 줄무늬잎마름병은 저항성 유전자 Stvb-i의 유무에 의해서 저항성이 결정되었다. 벼흰잎마름병 유전자 조합 Xa3+xa5+Xa21과 Xa3+Xa21의 계통의 경우 K1, K2, K3, K3a 균계 및 16개 수집 균주에 대해서 저항성 반응을 나타냈으며, K3a균계 접종시에 현미수량, 등숙률 및 현미 완전미율이 대조구와 차이가 없어 저항성 증진을 위한 유망조합으로 판단되었다. RL1은 목표 저항성 유전자를 가지고 있고 저항성 성능도 우수하였으나 간장이 크고 도복에 불안정하였으며 수량이 운광의 80%로 낮고 미질이 좋지 않았다. RL5는 운광에 여교배가 2회 되어 선발된 계통으로 저항성 유전자 Xa3+Xa21+Stvb-i를 가지고 있어 벼흰잎마름병 및 줄무늬잎마름병에 대한 효과적인 저항성원으로 판단되었고, 운광보다 단간으로 도복에 안정적인 특성을 나타냈으며 다수성이고 미질이 양호하였다.