We studied on the preparation and evaluation of O/W type microemulsion containing "wax, liquid paraffine and quaternary ammonium salt". And also it was obtained to stability of microemulsions by mono ethylene glycol(MEG) addition. The microemulsions were generally prepared at 96~97℃ by the phase inversion method. We used polyoxyethylene(20) sorbitan monooleate(POE(20)SMO) and distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride(D.D.A.C.) as the emulsifiers at microemulsion preparation. From the results, we could get best condition for microemulsion preparation, in case of oil phase, montanic ester wax ; 1.1wt%, paraffine wax ; 1.1wt%, liquid paraffine ; 3.1wt%, propylene glycol ; 0.6wt% and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether ; 0.6wt%, when the ratio(wt%) of D.D.A.C. and POE(20)SMO were 2 : 3. And also we could obtained that the distributed particle size of the final microemulsions were about 8±1.5nm and the mean particle size was 7±0.5nm. We got following results from final microemulsions that the percent of transmittance; 96~98% at 700nm. And the microemulsion blended with MEG of 5~15wt% showed smaller particle size and more stable distribution than non-containing MEG.

The core-shell latex particles were prepared by sequential emulsion polymerization of alkyl methacrylate and styrene(ST) by using an water-soluble initiator(APS) after preparing monomer pre-emulsion in the presence of an anionic surfactant(SDBS). In organic/organic core-shell polymerization, the pre-emulsion method, which minimized required quantity of sulfactant, has been used to increase the conversion rate and the stability of core-shell latex particles as well as to reduce the formation of secondary particle that cause problems of soap-free emulsion during shell polymerization. We used several methods to observe the core-shell structure. The core-shell structure was studied by measuring pH change during hydrolysis by NaOH, glass transition temperature(Tg) by differential scanning calorimeter(DSC), morphology of latex by transmission electron microscope(TEM) and change of particle size and distribution by a particle analyzer.

Acidic degreasing agent(AADA) was prepared by blending sorbitol, Newpol PE-68, Na-dioctyl sulfosuccinate, Tetronix T-70l, MJU-100A, n-octanoic acid, and phosphoric acid, The physical properties of AADA tested with aluminum specimen showed the following results ; when 3wt% AADA-5 was performed at 70℃, the degreasing rate was 95% which is comparitively good, and the percentage of etching was 0.277% which was found to be less than that of commercialized product. when 20wt% of AADA-5 was added at 65℃, the percentage of derusting was 91% and the good defoaming effect proved by following low foaming power tests respectively : Ross and Miles, and Ross and Clark methods.

In this paper, we proposed the optimal process conditions on the electro-gilding process. The responses are plating thickness and Sn proportion. The factors are temperature, current density, and addition. We minimized the total number of experiments based

In order to prepare a softener, alkyl imidazoline salt, fatty carbamide salt, and fatty polyamide salt were synthesized first, and then the synthesized salts were blended. The prepared softeners were applied to acrylic fibers, and then several properties were tested. As a result, the prepared softeners show good softening and lubricating properties, and they also show a little antistatic property. Through bending resistance tests and measurements of feeling change of acrylic fibers treated with the softeners, it was proved that the prepared softeners are durable softeners.

Fat and sugar reduced yellow layer cake system was developed with varied replacement level of 30%, 60%, and 90% for AD(amylodextrin) and 10%, 30%, and 50% for PD(polydextrose). Physicochemical and sensory characteristics were investigated and optimum replacement level was also decided using response surface methodology. Sample groups of PD10AD30 had significantly the lowest specific gravity and viscosity, indicating the stable batter system with high air incorporation. Sample groups with PD10AD90 showed the highest volume index and were not significantly different from those of the PD10AD30. Sensory results indicated that PD30AD30 were significantly the most springy and moist, and the least hard of all sample groups. Sample groups with PD10AD90 had the least adhesiveness value. To establish the optimum substitution level using RSM, the restriction level was set up as moistness over five point, hardness under five points, and adhesiveness under four points. The optimum substitution level was 20% for PD and 88% for AD.

Porous TiNi bodies were produced by Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) method from a powder mixture of Ti and Ni. Porosity, pore size and structure, mechanical property, and transformation temperature of TiNi product were investigated. The average porosity and pore size of produced porous TiNi body are 63% and , respectively. XRD analysis showed that the major phase of produced TiNi body is B2 phase. Its average fracture strength and elastic modulus measured under dry condition were MPa and GPa, respectively. It could be strained up to 7.3 %. The transformation temperatures determined by DSC showed the temperature of and temperature of .

Hybrid ceramic particle reinforced 6061 and 5083 Al composite powders were prepared by the combination of twin rolling and stone mill crushing process, followed by consolidating processes of cold compaction, degassing and hot extrusion. The composite bar consists of lamellar structure of ceramic particle rich area and matrix area, in which the hybrid was decomposed into each TiC of about and particles of about in diameter. It also found that fine precipitates of about 30 nm were embedded in the matrix, which have grains of about 3 . Higher UTS was measured at the 5083 composite bar compared to the conventionally fabricated composite, due to again refinement effect by the rapid solidification. No particle was shown to form in the interface between the matrix and reinforcement, whereas carbon was diffused into the matrix.

표준 마요네즈 제조에 Bovine Plasma를 첨가하거나, 난황의 일부 혹은 전량을 Bovine Plasma으로 대체하여 마요네즈를 제조하고 점도, 색도, 유화 안정성, 관능검사를 통하여 Bovine Plasma의 마요네즈의 제조적성을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 점도는 표준 마요네즈 (난황비율 12%) 제조 배합비에 0.01 ~ 0.1% Bovine Plasma를 첨가하였을 때 다소 증가하였고, 난황 첨가비를 50% 감소한 시료에서도 1 ~ 3% Bovine Plasma를 첨가함에 따라 표준 마요네즈와 근접한 점도를 나타냈다. 난황을 전혀 첨가하지 않고 Bovine Plasma만으로 제조한 경우도 5% 첨가수준에서 표준 마요네즈에 근접한 점도를 나타냈다. 2. 색도의 측정결과, 난황의 비율 (6, 12%)과 Bovine Plasma의 첨가비율에 따라 명도값을 나타내는 L값은 전체 시료간, 저장기간 (30℃ 21일간)에 따른 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 황색도를 나타내는 b값은 난황의 비율에 따라 뚜렷한 차이를 보였고, Bovine Plasma의 첨가비율에 따른 차이는 보이지 않았다. 3. Bovine Plasma의 첨가가 유화 안정성에 미치는 영향 (30℃ 21일간)을 검토한 결과, 표준 마요네즈에 Bovine Plasma를 첨가함에 따라 안정성이 증가하였고, 난황비율을 표준 마요네즈의 50%로 감소시켜도 1 ~ 3% Bovine Plasma를 첨가함에 따라 표준 마요네즈와 근접한 유화 안정성을 보였다. 난황을 전혀 첨가하지 않고 Bovine Plasma만으로 제조한 경우도 5% 첨가수준에서 표준 마요네즈와 근접한 유화 안정성을 나타냈다. 4. 관능검사에서 표준 마요네즈에 0.01 ~ 0.1% Bovine Plasma를 첨가한 시료는 Bovine Plasma의 첨가비율에 따라 항목별로 다소 차이는 있었으나 전반적으로 낮은 기름냄새, 달걀냄새, 식초냄새, 기름맛, 달걀맛, 느끼한 맛, 식초맛을 나타내고 냄새와 맛의 조화도가 높아 표준 마요네즈보다 선호되는 것으로 평가되었다. 또한, 난황의 첨가비율을 50%로 감소시키고 1 ~ 3% Bovine Plasma를 첨가하여 제조한 마요네즈는 색을 제외하고는 모든 항목에서 표준 마요네즈와 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 반면에, 난황을 전혀 첨가하지 않고 5%의 Bovine Plasma만으로 제조한 마요네즈는 표준 마요네즈와 비교했을 때 다소 강한 기름냄새와 기름맛, 난황이 첨가되지 않아 색에 대한 기호도의 저하 등 관능적인 면에서 전반적으로 낮은 결과를 보였다.