인슐린 저항성이 발생된 흰쥐 골격근에서 n-3 다불포화지방산이 당수송에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 연구한 본 논문을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 5주간의 식이에 의한 각군간의 유의한 체중 변화는 없었다. 5주간의 고지방식이에 의하여 혈당은 정상식이군의 83mg/dl에 비하여 94mg/dl로 13% 더 증가하였다(p<0.05). n-3 다불포화지방산에 의하여서는 혈당의 유의적 감소는 없었으나 다소 감소하였다. 혈장 인슐린은 정상식이군의 11.6U/ml에 비하여 고지방식이군은 32.4U/ml로 높았으며(p<0.01), n-3 다불포화지방산에 의하여 28.7U/ml로 감소하였다(p<0.01). 가자미근의 당수송은 시험관 실험에서 고지방식이군이 정상식이군에 비하여 기초상태 뿐만아니라 인슐린 1, 10, 100nM에서도 현저히 감소하여(p<0.01) 인슐린 감수성과 반응도 모두 감소한 인슐린 저항성을 보여 주었다. 고지방식이군에 n-3 다불포화지방산의 첨가시 고지방식이군에 비하여 기초상태, 인슐린 1, 10, 100nM에서 유의하게(p<0.01) 증가하였으나 정상군의 그것에는 미치지 못하였다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 보아 5주간의 고지방식이시 당수송에 장애와 골격근의 인슐린 저항성이 발견되었으며, 고지방식이에 n-3 다불포화지방산의 첨가에 의해서 골격근 인슐린 저항성의 정도가 억제되므로 고지방식이에 의한 인슐린 저항성은 n-3 다불포화지방산이 효과적으로 예방이 가능할 것으로 생각되었다.

본 연구는 오르트산 투여가 흰쥐의 지방간 유발 형성과정에서 간장 및 혈청의 각 지질과 간세포의 지방산 조성에 대하여 경시적으로 함량 변화를 분석하였다. 그 결과 오로트산 투여 흰쥐의 간장 지질의 구성 지방산 중에서 리놀레산 (18:2, n-6)이 모든 각 지방질 중 가장 많이 증가하였다. 리놀레산은 간세포의 소포체 및 골지체의 트리아실글리세롤에서도 증가하였다. 이 지방산 패턴을 경시적으로 분석한 결과, 간장 트리아실글리세롤에서는 오로트산 투여 1일째부터 증가하고, 디아실글리세롤에서도 같은 결과를 나타냈다. 그러나 혈청 트리아실글리세롤에서는 오로트산 투여 1일째에서는 증가하였으나, 2일째부터는 증가율이 둔화되었고, 10일째에서는 대조군보다 저하하였다. 한편, 지방산 중에서 올레인산(18:1, n-9)은 간장 콜레스테릴 에스테르에서만 현저히 상승하였으나, 다른 것에서는 차이가 없었다. 간장 트리아실글리세롤, 디아실글리세롤, 콜레스테릴 에스테릴의 구성 지방산 중에서는 14:0, 16:0, 18:0의 포화지방산은 오르트산 투여로 저하하였고, 역으로 혈청 트리아실글리세롤에서는 이런 지방산이 증가하였다. 이러한 결과로부터, 오르트산 유발 지방간에 있어서 간장 트리아실글리세롤이 축적될 때, 간장지질의 구성 지방산 중에서 18:2의 비율이 현저하게 증가한바, 지방산의 대사 저해와, 간장에서 혈청으로 이행하는 경로가 저해되고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

돈육의 적육을 70%로 하여 등지방을 첨가하지 않고 저지방 프레스햄(A)을 제조하고, 또 돈육과 등지방 배합비를 각각 60%와 10%(B), 55%와 15%(C) 및 50%와 20%(D)로 하여 모두 4종류의 프레스햄을 제조하였다. 이 때에 적육과 등지방 이외의 모든 재료와 제조 조건은 동일하게 하였다. 제조된 프레스햄의 일반성분, 보수력 및 기호성을 비교하고, 이것을 4℃에서 60일간 냉장하면서 10일 간격으로 조직특성의 변화 정도를 비교하였다. 저지방 프레스햄(A)은 수분 71.3%, 조단백질 함량 23.4%로 다른 제품보다 높았으며, 저지방 함량은 2.8%로 현저히 낮았다(p<0.05). 저지방 프레스햄의 보수력은 74.5%로 다른 제품보다 높았다. 저지방 프레스햄의 표면색도 중 명도(L)는 61.6 황색도(b)는 5.9로 다른 제품보다 높게 나타났다. 저지방 프레스햄은 경도가 70, .2, 탄성 85%, 씹힘성 0.49㎏, 뭉침성 2.0% 및 파쇄성이 0.7㎏으로 다른 제품보다 높은 편이었고 응집성의 경우 D제품보다 낮은 값을 보였다. 저지방 프레스햄의 향과 조직감은 다른 제품보다 열등하였으나 맛이 우수하였으며 기호성도 좋은 편이었다.

The saturated fatty acids(arachidic acid, stearic acid, and palmitic acid) were repeatedly applied on water surface, and their π-A isotherms and Maxwell displacement current(MDC) were measured to identify the effect of the number of carbons of fatty acids on the properties of Langmuir films. The saturated fatty which contain higher carbon number showed higher MDC peak, and the less carbon it contains, the higher surface pressure they show. It was found the maximum of MDC peaks was as the molecular area just before the surface pressure increases in compression cycles of saturated fatty acids.

The sodium α-sulfo fatty acid vinyl ester oligomers, which are oligomer type surfactants were prepared by polymerization with fatty acid vinyl acetate. The α-sulfonation of fatty acid vinyl ester oligomers were carried by direct addition of sulfur trioxide. The dispersing performance of oligomer type anionic surfactants and sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) in the aqueous suspension of iron oxide and titanium dioxide particles was evaluated by particle size distribution and zeta-potential measurement. As results, the particles of iron oxide and titanium dioxide were flocculated by addition of small amount of oligomer type anionic surfactants and sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS), then the flocks redispersed by more addition of oligomer type anionic surfactants and SDS. The flocculation, redispersion process was observed in lower concentration range of oligomer type anionic surfactants than SDS. Especially, the dispersing action of sodium α-sulfo palmitic acid vinyl ester oligomer was better than sodium α-sulfo lauric acid vinyl ester oligomer.

In the meantime, the study of traditional and contemporary house had been produced so many achievements in korea, but modern house is yet to be solved, Accordingly, It is necessary to develop and present the basic research data in order to build up an objective study for urban house in the modern age(1910-1945), Following to a study on the foreigner's house in grid-type settlement of Open Ports, in this research is to investigate and analyze modern houses of urban areas in korean inland, and then clarify types and changes of them. In the first year(1995~96), the modern houses of Central Inland Districts(arrounding river Kumgang)-Kunsan kanggyong Puyo Kongju Pugang Chongju were investigated by the layout of room, the construction and materials, the design and style, etc. In the second year(1996~97), the modern houses of Open Market(開市場)-Seoul Taegu Kwangju Taejon Chonju were conducted to investigate as above. The traditional house transformed by differentiation and addition of room(kan), the various types were respectively adopted for the korean reforming and western cultural house. In the layout of room, the types of plan were gradually concentrated from the single wings of korean traditional house. The korean traditional house was later improved through the introduction of entrance, corridor, and internal toilet/bathroom. But the korean under-floor heating system(andal) and a series of three rooms had been entirely maintained, composed of master bedroom/living room(daechung)/room. And the traditional town house with shop and storage, being built closely to each other and walled up both sides, it had taken gradually the extensive characteristics in itself. By the displacement of shop/dwelling/ storage. the various types were respectively adopted for the separated, multi-storied, and complex type. The type of them was gradually changed to the narrow and linear form. And so with the stockpile of fundamental datas about modern houses in korean urban areas, we expect these results contribute to the knowledge of the spatial characteristics of urban house at present which are required to the understanding of transition as well as types.

In recent years, there has been considerable interest in the development of new functional surfactant including new type of anionic surfactants. Anionic surfactants, α-sulfo fatty acids that straight long chain alkyl group having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, were synthesized with sulfur trioxide-dioxane complex to good yield. Xylitol α-sulfo fatty acid esters were obtained by reaction that the acetification and esterification of xylitol, by addition reaction with sodium chloride and hydrolysis respectively. These compounds were a new group of destructible surfactants which readily hydrolyzed and oxidized in natural water reservoirs. Physical properties of these new compounds involved surface tension, critical micelle concentration(cmc), foaming power, emulsion power, and hydrolysis properties, were measured. The cmc values of the compounds by ring method were assumed to 7.0×10-3~3.0×10-2mol/l range and surface tensions at cmc were 25~31dyne/cm respectively.

The study was to investigate regularity of breakfast and food habits of commuting local college students. The regularly breakfast eating rate was found to be 32.9% in man and 26.5% in woman. The mean score of food habits was pretty low, 36.7 out of minimum possible score 12 and maximum 60. The mean score of nutrition attitude was 58.1 out of minimum possible score 18 and maximum 90. This survey showed that skipping breaskfast or irregularity of breakfast led to overeating, high fat diet, lot of alcohol and imbalanced diet. It was known that breakfast was the most important among three meals. But having balanced breakfast daily was very difficult according to loss of appetite and busy schedule early in the morning. I suggested carbohydrate food, protein food, and vitamin & mineral food items desirable for nutritionally balanced, easily digestible, quick and easily cooking breakfast menu. It was recommended to choose one item out of each of three food categories considering calory(1/3 of daily recommended calory intake for breakfast).

α-sulfonated fatty acid polyethylene glycol esters with polyethylene oxide(addition, 3, 5, 10mol) were synthesized through esterification of α-sulfonated fatty acid methyl esters with alkyl chain length C12~C18. Their compounds were separated with column chromatography, and confirmed by TLC. Quantitative analysis of all the sulfonates were performed according to JIS K-3362 method, and ethylene oxide unit number were determined by ISO 2270 method. Structural properties of α-sulfonated fatty acid methyl esters and their derivatives were also identified from IR, and 1H NMR spectra.

The character of spatial organization in rtaditional house is found through the analysis of field survey and measure of its micro climate in hot weather period of summer. The mean temperature of interior space is higher than outside space of the house. In the point of structural conditions, inside of Choga in caustal and mountain area is cooler than any other houses. In inland area, slate roof house is cooler than Choga. In mountain area, the thermal difference of inside and outside in Kyubjib is higher than Hotjib. In the point of spatial conditions, kitchen is the coolest space and very suitable for spatial organization. Anbang is the hottest space because of its centeral position in the house. In wind condition, mountain area is windy and caustal area is calm. Around the house the rear side of the house is windy and left side is calm.

All the surface activities including surface tension, foaming power, foam stability, emulsifying power, dispersion effect, and detergency were measured and critical micelle concentration(cmc) was evaluated in dilute aqueous solution. The cmc evaluated by the Ring method was 10-3~10-4mol/L in case of monoesters, and 10-3~5.0×10-5mol/L in case of diesters, respectively. Surface tension of the aqueous solution was decreased to 45~50dyne/cm, showing the tendency that the ability of lowering the surface tension was dependent on increasing of carbon atom number in alkyl chain. Foaming power of all the monoesters was better than that of diesters. while foam stability of diesters was to the contrary. Emulsifying power of soybean oil or benzene was specially expected to be good for emulsifiers in industrial application fields. HLB values of monoesters and diesters evaluated by Griffin's method were in the range of 8 to 12. Dispersion property of ferric oxide was stable in the range of 4.5×10-5~5.0×-4mol/L in case of monoesters, and 10-5~10-4mol/L in case of diesters.

V. cholerae non-O1 49균주와 V. cholerae O1, V. mimicus, V. vulnificus와 V. parahaemolyticus의 균체지방산(fatty acid methyl ester; FAME)을 gas liquid chromatogrphy로 분석하였다. 이들 분석자료를 통계학적으로 처리하여 Vibrio 종과 V. cholerae의 혈청형별 유연성을 비교 검토하였다. 검출된 지방산은 모두 41종이었고 분포량이 많은 것은 16:0, 16:1 cis 9, 18:1 trans 9/16/cis 11과 15:0 iso 2 OH/16:1 cis 9 였다. 검출된 지방산 중에서도 35종은 V. cholerae를 동정하는데 주요한 인자로 작용되었다. 지방산분포를 UPGMA(비가중수리분석)으로 dendrogram을 작성한 결과 V. cholerae non-O1은 V cholerae O1보다 V mimieus가 더 높은 유사도를 나타내었다. 특히 hydoxy acid는 V. chozerae의 아종단위를 동정하는데 중요하였다. V. choEeore non-O1중에서 O2, O5, O8, O10, O14, O27, O37, O39, O45와 O69의 총 10 종류 혈청형을 대상으로 지방산 조성에 의 한 유사성을 검토한 결과 유사도가 92% 이상 수준에서 7개의 아종를 형성하여 혈청형과 지방산 조성간에는 유의할 만한 상관관계가 있었다. 따라서 V. cholerne non-O1의 동정 및 역학적인 조사시 지방산 분석은 유용하게 활용될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

In order to study basic information on the developed electro-magnetic compass, experiments were carried out on board M. S. KAYA at the pier of Dong Kuk Steel Mill in Pusan and the Korean southern sea using a three-axis magnetic sensor from Jan. 21, 1995 to Feb. 14, 1996. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The amount of old metal on the pier was about 27,290tons~57,440tons with an average of 40,560tons, the artificial local disturbance at the pier was min. 27.1μT, max. 66.5μT, ave. 433μT for the horizontal component and min. -27.0μT, max. 45.1μT, ave. 3.7μT for the vertical component. Its direction of horizontal component was 305˚ with the ship's head up bearing at 225˚. 2. The ship's magnetic distribution on the starboard side on berthing at the pier was 17.4μT for the horizontal component and -6.2μT for the vertical component. On the ship's port side, it was 19.8μT for the horizontal component and 4.1μT for the vertical component. On the ship's starboard side at sea, the ship's magnetic distribution was 19.2μT for the horizontal component and 3.2μT for the vertical component. On the ship's port side, the readings were 22.0μT for the horizontal component and -1.8μT for the vertical component. The directions of these readings were nearly starboard side. 3. On the pier, the secular change of the artificial local disturbance decreased 8.3μT from 61.0μT to 52.7μT for the horizontal component and decreased 7.1μT from 8.9μT M 1.8μT for the vertical component. On the starboard side from its berth, the ship, s magnetic distribution increased 2.6μT from 14.8μT to 17.4μT for the horizontal component and increased -0.1μT from -6.1μT to -6.2μT for the vertical component. On the ship's port side from its berth, it increased 7.1μT from 12.7μT to 19.8μT for the horizontal component and increased 10.2μT from -6.1μT to 4.1μT for the vertical component. 4. While at sea, on the ship's starboard side, the Secular change of the ship's magnetic distribution increased 3.9μT from 15.3μT to 19.2μT for the horizontal component and increased 2.0μT from -5.2μT to -3.2μT for the vertical component. On the port side, the changes increased 11.4μT from 10.6μT to 22.0μT for the horizontal component and increased 4.9μT from -6.7μT to -1.8μT for the vertical component. Upon berthing at the pier, the deviation of the secular change increased westerly 1 degree W~ 2.5˚ W from 3.5˚ W~ 5˚ W M 6W with the ship's head up bearing at 225˚. While at sea, these increased westerly 2˚ ~ 3˚ from the Northeast to the South and increased easterly 1˚ ~ 8˚ from the Southwest to the North. 5. While at port, within 1 mile between the ship and berth of the pier, as we approached the pier, the westerly deviation increased and when we departed the pier easterly deviation increased. When approaching the pier, the deviation was smaller than the deviation when the ship was departing from the pier. When approaching the bearing at 225˚ with the ship's head up bearing, the varies of deviation was smaller than the varies when the ship's head up bearing was departing from it.

옥수수기름의 탈취온도가 trans 지방산 생성량 및 그 조성에 미치는 영향을 GLC를 이용하여 측정하였다. 상대적으로 저온탈취인 240∼250℃에서는 극미량의 trans 지방산만이 검출되었으나, 고온탈취인 255∼270℃ 구간에서는 0.30, 0.57, 0.64 및 0.81%를 나타내었다. 이성화 현상은 이중결합수가 증가할수록 두드러졌으며, tt 및 ttt형은 거의 검출되지 않는데 비하여 ct, tc, cct 및 tcc형이 다량 검출되었다. 따라서, 탈취유의 이화학적 특성과 함께 이성체형성의 극소화는 저온탈취에 의하여 최대의 효과를 얻을 수 있음을 확인하였다.

본 연구는 도시내 친자연공간에서 자연관찰시설의 설치 및 운영에 관한것으로서 일본 관동지방을 대상으로 하였다. 중요한 자연관찰시설은 비지터센터, 자연관찰로 그리고 자연관찰로 상에 설치된 각종 해설시설이었다. 또한, 친자연공간에서는 자연을 이해하고 체험하게 하는 인터프리테이션이 다양한 유형으로 전개되고 있었다. 인터프리테이션은 레인져, 자연해설원 등 전문가와 자원봉사자들에 의해 이루어지고 있었으며, 자원봉사조직이 있는 대상지에서 자연해설 종류가 다양하였다. 자원봉사자들의 주요활동은 자연해설 이외에도 환경관리와 조사, 소식지 발간이었다. 친자연공간의 셀프가이드룰 위한 학습매체는 2~4종류이었고 홍보방법은 도, 시, 구의 홍보가 가장 많았으며, 인터넷 홈페이지, 지역 전자게시판, 케이블 TV와 Fax를 이용하는 사례도 있었다.

This study has been researched mainly about the gradual changing patterns of site plan and plan layout of 17 sampling traditional houses in kyungpuk province during the time period of 1877-1945. The objective of this study is to closely examine the characteristics of locality and trend of the times. Survey and Measured drawing, personal interviews with clients has been carried out and the result is as down below; 1.The certain changes have shown that the furnace in sarangchae(outer wing for men) in ㅁ shaped and 『』 shaped houses served only for that purpose and inner gate has been built in sideward of sarangchae. 2.As living standard was upgraded storage space and size of the rooms got bigger. On the other hand, spacial formation was emphasized by its function accordding to house activities and living circulation because the family members in direct line became reality of the time. 3.The modernistic thought of rationalism and convenience are well expressed in the plan layout and house living as a whole.