The purpose of this paper is to find out how each districts(Gu) of Seoul are related based on the apartment price trends. All the data used in this paper comes from a public data sources, Seoul apartments transaction data provided by ‘Ministry of Land Infrastructure and Transport Korea’ and the apartments properties from NAVER’s real estate service. To analyze the similarities between the price trends of each apartments, this study uses FastDTW algorithm which is quite popular in time series analysis domain. After figured out the distance matrix from FastDTW, this study uses Hierarchical Clustering algorithm and Chi-squared test to compare each districts’ relationship. The analysis result shows that which districts in Seoul are similar and which districts are not.

21세기밀레니엄 식품으로 미국 FDA는 하루 콩 단백질 25g을 섭취하면 관상동맥질환이 예방될 만큼 기능성이 우수하다고 평가되고 있으며, 콩은 세계적인 식품으로 1,000여 가지의 용도로 이용되고 있다. 콩을 가공하여 만들어지는 두부는 콩 분말, 즉 Mesh 형태에 따라 두부의 종류가 분류되며, Nano기술을 도입하여 국산기계를 제작한 생산시스템으로 국산 콩 300 Mesh분말에 비소를 제거한 심층 해양수를 이용하여 단백질이 응고되는 원리와 침지과정이 생략되고 수용성 단백질과 불용성 단백질과 섬유소 기타 영양성분을 손실 없이 제품화 할 수 있는 전두부 제조 및 생산과정과 콩 분쇄기는 유분이 많은 국산 콩 뿐만 아니라 수입 콩 일반적인 농산물의 분쇄가 가능하여 두부식품발달에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다

In this paper, four point bending tests were carried out to analyse flexural strengthening effect by CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer) layers for I shape PFRP (Pultruded Fiber Reinforced polymer) flexural member retrofitted with CFRP sheet. Comparing load-displacement relation and sectional stress distribution, the flexural strengthening effect by the number of CFRP layers was founded.

Unlike column-to-beam connections in reinforced concrete frames, column-to-beam connections are generally of the same type. Vertical load (D.L + L.L) and horizontal load (wind load, seismic load) are not the same in the upper and lower flange stress history. In the case of beams bonded to synthetic CFT columns, the tensile force is transmitted through the steel pipe column, and the compressive force is transmitted to the filled concrete, so the seismic performance is excellent even if the column has a relatively thin cross section. Also, in case of beam the composite CFT column, tensile force is taken by the steel pipe column, and the compressive force is caught by the inner concrete, and the shape of the column joint can be changed. In this study, the stress distribution of buildings is investigated according to the size and characteristics of the building, and the load history of the upper and lower flanges according to the building type is checked to show the structural possibility of the Asymmetric Diaphragms joint.

PURPOSES : Asphalt concrete pavement is damaged by various causes such as traffic and environmental loads. The distressed pavement should be maintained by various methods to provide a comfortable and safe pavement for the driver. This study evaluates the effect of adding a mixing procedure to enhance the mixture quality in the hot in-placement recycled asphalt pavement method, which is an asphalt-pavement maintenance method. METHODS: Various test methods such as Marshall stability and dynamic stability, were employed to estimate the recycled asphalt mixture with and without an additional mixing, using the hot in-placement recycled asphalt pavement method. RESULTS : The mixture samples used in this study were taken before and after the addition of the mixer in the hot in-placement recycled asphalt pavement method (HIR) at field construction sites in GongJu and JinJu in South Korea. The test results of both mixtures satisfied the asphalt-mixture standard specifications. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed that adding a mixer in the HIR method results in a well-mixed new asphalt mixture, rejuvenator, and reclaimed asphalt mixture.

PURPOSES: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the mechanical properties of a cold-recycling asphalt mixture used as a base layer and to determine the optimum emulsified-asphalt content for ensuring the mixture’s performance. METHODS: The physical properties (storage stability, mixability, and workability) of three types of asphalt emulsion (CMS-1h, CSS-1h, and CSS-1hp) were evaluated using the rotational viscosity test. Asphalt emulsion residues, prepared according to the ASTM D 7497-09 standard, were evaluated for their rheological properties, including the G*/sinδand the dynamic shear modulus (|G*|). In addition, the Marshall stability, indirect tensile strength, and tensile-strength ratio (TSR) were evaluated for the cold-recycling asphalt mixtures fabricated according to the type and contents of the emulsified asphalt. RESULTS: The CSS-1hp was found to be superior to the other two types in terms of storage stability, mixability, and workability, and its G*/sinδ value at high temperatures was higher than that of the other two types. From the dynamic shear modulus test, the CSS-1hp was also found to be superior to the other two types, with respect to low-temperature cracking and rutting resistance. The mixture test indicated that the indirect tensile strength and TSR increased with the increasing emulsified-asphalt content. However, the mixtures with one-percent emulsified-asphalt content did not meet the national specification in terms of the aggregate coverage (over 50%) and the indirect tensile strength (more than 0.4 MPa). CONCLUSIONS : The emulsified-asphalt performance varied greatly, depending on the type of base material and modifying additives; therefore, it is considered that this will have a great effect on the performance of the cold-recycling asphalt pavement. As the emulsified-asphalt content increased, the strength change was significant. Therefore, it is desirable to apply the strength properties as a factor for determining the optimum emulsified-asphalt content in the mix design. The 1% emulsified-asphalt content did not satisfy the strength and aggregate coverage criteria suggested by national standards. Therefore, the minimum emulsified-asphalt content should be specified to secure the performance.

In this study, the morphology and antioxidant content of shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) cultivated in smart farms and general farms have been compared. With regard to morphology, mushrooms produced in the smart farm system exhibited a slightly thicker and wider pileus and thicker and longer stipe than those in the general farm system. The stipe in the mushrooms from moderate-sized farms was harder, because the low relative humidity of cultivation rooms could induce mushroom tissue to harden. With regard to the antioxidant content, the free radical scavenging activity was evaluated by the DPPH assay. Among the various treatments, hot water extracts of freeze-dried shiitake produced from smart farms exhibited the highest DPPH value of 37.8%. In contrast, the lowest activity of 12.2% was observed in a 70% fermented alcohol extract of shiitake that was dried by hot air. The polyphenol content was higher in hot water extracts than in 70% fermented alcohol extracts. Additionally, the polyphenol content was higher in the freeze-dried samples than in hot-air dried ones. The smart-farm system was preferred over the general cropping system for cultivating shiitake mushrooms, because the antioxidant activity and polyphenol content of mushrooms from the smart-farm system was better; the functionality of this system was more improved than that of the general cropping system, and it enables mushrooms to be cultivated more efficiently. The antioxidant content is represented as the mean±SD of three replicates. Different letters indicate significant differences among samples, i.e., p<0.05.

김치 제조공정 중 절임배추 제조공정은 원료검사, 세절, 절임, 세척, 탈수, 포장의 공정으로 구성되며 절임배추의 품질은 제조공장의 생산설비, 절임환경 및 절임조건에 따라 달리 나타난다. 생산시스템은 제조공정을 효율적으로 수행하기 위한 사람과 설비 및 일하는 방법인 업무 프로세스의 집합을 말하며 제조현장과 관련된 여러 가지 자동화 시스템 중 MES(Manufacturindg Execution System)는 주문에서 최종 제품에 이르기까지 생산 활동에 필요한 최적의 정보를 관리하는데 필요한 시스템이다. 본 연구에서는 절임배추 제조공정을 보다 효율적으로 관리 할 수 있는 절임배추 제조관리시스템(MES)을 개발하고 이를 통해, 김치 제품의 생산관리를 원활하게 할 수 있도록 하였다. MES 데이터베이스 시스템 설계 및 구현을 위한 ERD(Entity Relationship Diagram)는 제조 공정별로 품질기준을 설정하여 표준화하여 적용하였으며 절임배추의 생산관리는 바코드 형식의 NFC(Near Field Communication) Tag를 이용하였다. 원자재관리를 위한 모니터링 시스템은 스마트 폰을 연동한 APP(Application)형태로 Eclipse 4.4.1 luna를 통해 개발하였으며, 모든 데이터의 통신은 MES내의 Open API(Application Programming Interface)를 통해 주고 받도록 설계하였다. 결과적으로 절임배추 생산을 위한 원재료 입출고 이력 및 생산이력은 MES 시스템을 이용하여 관리가 가능하며, 추후 양념 등을 포함한 김치 제품을 관리할 수 있는 기능을 포함하는 전주기 김치 제조관리시스템의 구축이 필요하다.

본 연구는 다국적기업 본사의 해외 자회사에 대한 통제 방식 및 통제 방식들 간의 상호작용이 자회사 현지 직 원의 조직일체감에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 위해 한국에서 경영활동을 수행하고 있는 11개국 출신의 47개 다국적기업 자회사에 근무 중인 447명의 현지 직원들로부터 수집한 자료를 바탕으로 위계적 선형모형 분석을 실시하였다. 실증분석 결과, 본사의 집권화는 자회사 현지 직원의 조직일체감에 부(-)의 영향을 미치고, 본사의 공식화와 사회화는 자회사 현지 직원의 조직일체감에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나 타났다. 그리고 본사의 집권화와 조직일체감 간의 부(-)의 관계는 공식화와 사회화 수준이 모두 높을수록 가장 약한 것으로 나타나, 자회사 현지 직원의 조직일체감에 영향을 미치는 통제 방식들 간의 3차 상호작용 효과가 존 재함을 확인하였다.