This study was to examine the characteristics of wirdbirds habitat for improvement plan in green corridor. The target site, Gangseo-gu artificial green corridor was set up with the structure in which small scale of core green space with Goongsan and Yeomchang neighborhood parks in urbanized city was connected with the artificial green space with Gongamnaru, Hwanggeumnae neighborhood parks with 28∼42.5 m in width. Wild birds six∼eleven species; Dendrocopos spp, Paradoxornis webbiana, Parus major, Phasianus colchicus, etc. were observed in core green, but wild birds of two∼five species: Columba livuia, Passer montanus, Pica pica, Hypsipetes amaurotis, etc. were observed in artificial green space. Thus wild birds of artificial and generalist species only moved in artificial green space. The artificial green space where vegetation structure was consisted of single-layer with poorness chose target species laying stress on generalist species and edge species of Parus major, P. palustris, Paradoxornis webbiana etc. for short-term and interior species of Dendrocopos major, Picus canus, etc. for long-term. The result suggested enhancement methods for target species's habitat in green corridor: to secure at least a corridor 30 meters in artificial corridor, to secure ecological pond, to offer the various shelterer and environment of prey-resources through the multi-layer structure.

The development of modern cities is growing rapidly. The first thing that can be recognized in the current image of the complex and chaotic urban city environment is the deprivation of pedestrian space due to the rapid growth of pathways for automobiles. Pedestrians became secondary to automobiles. Therefore, to offer the comfort and convenience of city life and bring vitality to the external environment, pedestrian-only space will be needed; not the space with strong exclusion of pedestrian rights over the current industrialized urban environment but the space with emphasis in terms of pedestrian walks. In other words, the space design for the pedestrians is urgently needed and it has to be developed through extensive studies. Therefore, this paper is based on the possibilities of pedestrian space that can promote urban activities. It is dealt with the general theories, traffic problems, environmental problems and historical space development. In addition, the current pedestrian conditions in domestic pedestrian-only roads and the examples of the streets that have no cars will be presented; both domestic and foreign. By observation of the pedestrian-only roads, the feasibility of pedestrian-only road and potential capability will be discussed Improvements in the street without cars can provide directions for future development.

본 연구에서는 여름철 고온현상의 지속기간이 길고 극심했던 1994년과 고온현상 발생일수가 가장 작았던 1993년을 비교하여 서울시의 여름철 고온현상이 사망자 증가에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 여름철 고온현상이 극심했던 1994년 7월의 경우 일별 최고기온과 일별 사망자수 간의 변화 경향이 유사하게 나타났다. 최고기온의 최대값이 나타난 다음날 사망자수의 최대값이 나타났다. 여름철 고온현상이 극심했던 1994년의 경우 일 최고기온과 일별 사망자수 간에 r=0.548의 유의한 상관관계를 나타내었으나 고온현상 발생일수가 작았던 1993년의 경우 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 고온현상이 지속되는 동안 사망자의 사망원인을 분석한 결과 내분비ㆍ영양 및 대사 질환으로 인한 사망자수가 43.0%, 순환기계통의 질환으로 인한 사망자수가 30.5%, 호흡기계통 질환으로 인한 사망자수가 43.8% 증가하였다. 여름철 고온현상이 극심했던 1994년은 그 전해에 비하여 65세 이상의 노년층이 다른 연령층에 비하여, 또한 여성이 남성에 비하여 고온에 취약한 것으로 나타났다.

본 연구에서는 2001년 3월부터 2002년 2월까지와 2006년 3월부터 2007년 2월까지 31개 자동기상관측에 의한 지표 근처 기온 자료를 이용하여 서울 지역 도시 열섬의 시ㆍ공간적 구조 분석 및 그 변화의 원인을 분석하였다. 서울의 도시 열섬 구조는 주간 보다는 야간에 더 강하게 나타나고, 특히 여름철에 가장 작게 발달하는 경향을 보였다. 기온 분포의 공간구조 변화 경향은 송파 및 광진구를 중심으로 한 남동 지역에서 크게 확장되었다. 이는 송파 및 광진구 지역 주거 지역 조성의 증가에 기인한 것으로 사료된다. 일 최대 도시 열섬 강도는 주간 보다는 야간에 높게 나타났으며 새벽 시간대에 가장 크게 발달하였다. 그러나 최대 도시 열섬 강도의 빈도는 새벽 시간대보다는 한밤중에 더 빈번하였다. 이는 교외 지역의 기온이 상대적으로 증가한 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 계절에 따른 최대 도시 열섬 강도는 겨울철을 제외하고 감소한 경향을 보였다. 강우량과 강우 일수의 분석을 통해 서울의 도시 열섬 구조는 토지 이용 변화에 따른 인공열 변화의 영향 뿐 아니라 그 해의 기후적 특성에도 많은 영향을 받을 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

용수는 인간의 생존과 산업생산에 있어서 필수적인 투입요소이다. 용수공급을 위해서는 많은 비용이 소요되지만 경제적 편익도 발생하며, 이에 대한 정보는 용수공급사업의 평가에서 중요하게 활용된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 서울시 가정용수 공급으로 인해 발생하는 경제적 편익을 추정하고자 한다. 특히 2001년부터 2004년까지의 기간을 대상으로 하여, 서울시 11개 수도사업소별로 연도별 소비자 잉여 및 경제적 가치를 추정한다. 소비자 잉여의 계산 과정에서 필요한 가

Soil is one of the most fundamental elements as well as with water and air in studies associated with the environment, in addition, it is one of the important environmental mediums that constructs a basis of the biological system and performs various roles of matter circulation. This study was carried out in Seoul, in May 2000 to evaluate variation in the concentration levels and distribution characteristics for PAH compounds in soil. Soil samples were collected from 33 sites covering traffic, factory, incineration and mountain groups and the PAHs were analyzed. The results show a wide distribution range of PAHs concentrations between 14.66 ng/g and 1,219.35 ng/g. The highest concentration levels exist at Sungsu-2 of the factory group (FS-2). Daemo-3 of the Mountain group (MD-3) presents the lowest levels as compared with the other sites. PAH compounds including mutagenic and carcinogenic materials show high concentrations in the traffic and factory groups and a high ratio in the mountain group. Besides, these compounds absorbed with micro particles might be spread out over a wide region associated with particles' movement and diffusion. After principal component analysis of the soil samples, the results indicated that the sources of PAHs in the soil were divided into two groups, pesticides and vehicles.

Nine districts in Seoul were chosen randomly and a questionnaire containing 23 questions was distributed to survey the perception of noise pollution by the citizens. The results were primarily analyzed to understand the perception of Seoul citizen as a whole, and then analyzed according to 4 demographic variables -district area, age, gender and occupation -to see if there were any possible relation between nonnoise variables and noise annoyance. Actual noise level data measured by the city government were used to compare quantified noise level with the surveyed people`s perception. It was found that people consider road traffic noise to be the main source of noise pollution in Seoul and that most people have experienced annoyance in everyday life. Also it was verified that the responsibility for noise control should be on both city government and the individuals, but it was generally considered that very little effort is actually put into solving noise pollution from both groups. From the survey, it could be analyzed that demographic variables do affect people in the awareness of noise pollution, and that one`s sensitivity and annoyance due to noise increase as one ages. From the study, it was concluded that noise pollution is not considered currently as a hazardous problem to most Seoul citizens, however specific noise reduction policies, especially regarding road traffic noise, should be put into practice in the near future.