The contents of total flavonoids, total antioxidant status and superoxide scavenger activity of edible plants were measured. Among twenty one samples of leafy vegetables and teas, mugwort (Artemesia capillaris) and green teas gave high total flavonoids contents, 48.2 mg/g sample and 44.7 mg/g sample, respectively. The highest concentration of total flavonoids among eighty nine samples analyzed was 52.1 mg/g sample from propolis. When samples were tested for total antioxidant status, a kind of groundsel showed the highest Total Antioxidant Status(TAS) value, 13.4 mM among leafy vegetables and teas and green tea gave high TAS value, 11.84 mM. On the other hand, purslane gave the lowest TAS value, 0.01 mM. The superoxide scavenge activity was measured from the extracts of all edible plants. The superoxide scavenge activity of polygonatum(81.1%) and chrysantemum (78.5%) were the highest among leafy vegetables, teas and medicinalplants. On the other hand, ginseng, poria, cassiae semen and dioscoreae rhizoma showed no superoxide scavenge activities.

Background : The licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) is one of the Mongolian traditional useful medicinal plants. The roots and rhizomes are rich in triterpenoids, flavonoids and glycosides. It is have been employed clinically for their antiinflammatory, antiulcer, antimicrobial and anxiolytic activities. In this study, we was undertaken to explore the phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity and total flavonoid content of G.uralensis. Methods and Results : In vitro culture related greenhouse, field growing G. uralensis and the wild type roots were dried in shade and grind in mechanical grinder. 1 g of powdered roots were extracted in 25 ㎖ of methanol with concentration of 40 ㎎/㎖. The antioxidant activity and total flavonoid contents were investigated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryldydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay and aluminium trichloride method, respectively. The production of glycyrrhizic acid determined by thin layer chromatography. In the phytochemical screening showed presence of secondary metabolites flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids and tannin. The extract possessed potent antioxidant activity having IC50 value 2,000 ㎍/㎖ (59.97 ± 2.55) in wild type and 1,000 ㎍/㎖ (68.73 ± 3.99) in greenhouse samples. Field grown G.uralensis roots extract gave highest total flavonoid content with 30.21% compared with wild type and greenhouse grown samples (16.71% and 10.71%). Conclusion : Based on the results of investigations, G. uralensis is a potent source of novel bioactive compounds. Further investigations regarding more biological activities by high sensitive techniques such as HPLC and GC-MS need to be conducted.

Background : Miscanthus sinensis is a C4 crop with high photosynthetic efficiency and is known as a representative cellulose-based bio-energy crop originating in East Asia such as Korea, Japan, and China. It also has a high resistance to environmental conditions such as low temperature and drying and pests. However, many studies on the antioxidant activity of the M. sinensis have not been conducted. Therefore, this study was conducted to measure total phenol and total flavonoid contents of the M. sinensis accessions collected from some countries and to select the M. sinensis accessions with rich total phenol and total flavonoid contents. The results of this study can be used as basic data for future breeding. Methods and Results : This study carried out the total phenol and total flavonoid contents analysis of M. sinensis collected from different country to preserve genetic resources. Total 205 accessions of M. sinensis were collected from the USA, China, Korea, Japan, Thailand and Zambia. Their leaves were extracted with 100% methanol and concentrated at 45℃. To determine total phenol and total flavonoid contents, we measured the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content. The highest total phenolic conten t(81.04 ± 0.02 ㎎·GAE/g) showed in the accession (PMS-178) from China. The highest total flavonoid content (32.66 ± 0.01 ㎎·QE/g) showed in the accession (KMS104) from Korea. On the other hand the lowest total phenolic content (1.11 ± 0.00 ㎎·GAE/g) and the total flavonoid content (0.81 ± 0.00 ㎎·QE/g) were obtained from the accession (M. sinensis ‘Super Stripe’) from USA. Conclusion : In this study, we analysed the total phenolic and total flavonoid contents by country of origin.

This study was conducted to compare changes of total carotenoid contents and antioxidant activities in yellow waxy corns (Zea mays L.) depending on harvest time. The total carotenoid contents of yellow waxy inbred lines and hybrids increased from 19 days and then the highest content of total carotenoid contents was observed at 25 to 27 days after pollination. Thereafter, there was little change in total carotenoid contents. According to analysis total content of carotenoids on 23 days after pollination, which was the period of harvesting waxy corn, KY2 was the highest as 15.4 ㎍/g in inbred lines and KY2/KY39 was the hightest as 11.2 ㎍/g in hybrids, respectively. The total carotenoid contents of each hybrid were higher than mean that of their parent lines except for some hybrids. The total carotenoid contents of KY27/KY37 were significantly higher than those of their parental lines. Antioxidant activity of yellow waxy corn showed a tendency to increase after decrease depending on delaying harvesting time. Antioxidant activities of hybrids were higher than that of inbred lines. As a result of correlation analysis between total carotenoid contents and antioxidant activity, correlation coefficient of inbred lines and hybrids was as low as -0.12 and -0.13, respectively. When the harvest time was delayed, the lightness of yellow waxy corn decreased but the redness and yellowness increased. As a result of correlation analysis between Hunter’s Lab value and total carotenoid contents, correlation coefficient of lightness, redness and yellowness were -0.22, 0.67, 0.53, respectively.

This study attempted to investigate the antioxidant properties of four different species of sand dune plants (Calystegia soldanella, Messerschmidia sibirica, Vitex rotundifolia and Rosa rugosa). In order to validate the antioxidant activity of these plants, we first determined the total amount of flavonoid versus phenolic contents (TFC/TPC) and extracted crude flavonoids for measuring antioxidant activities that were determined by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays with radical scavenging effects. We found that highest amounts of TPC were detected in R. rugose with values of 110.20 ㎎/g (leaves) and 65.71 ㎎/g (stems), while the highest amounts of TFC in V. rotundifolia with values of 38.07 ㎎/g (leaves) and 6.55 ㎎/g (stems). We further examined how closely related the amounts of TFC/TPC in antioxidant activities and found that R. rugose has the highest activities of radical scavenging with values of 63.4 ㎍/㎖ and 51.2 ㎍/㎖ determined by DPPH and ABTS assays compared with the value of 21.2 ㎍/㎖ by FRAP assay. It is of note that there is a statistically significant correlation between the resulting antioxidant activities and the total ratio of TFC and TPC, suggesting that the different amounts of TFC/TPC may directly contribute to the various antioxidant activities.

Background : This study analyzes changes in DPPH radical scavenging activity, total polyphenol contents, and total flavonoid contents of six different kinds of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) leaves which are identified as herbaceous plants, and are living in the subtropics. The data of changes in polyphenol, flavonoid contents and DPPH radical scavenging activities were analyzed, based on two different lengths of growth period.. Methods and Results : The six different kinds of cultivars ; Jangdae in Korea, and El-1, R, G-1, Ef-1, Ef-2 in the State of Israel were collected on the 43th and 62nd day from when they have planted. The collected cultivars were dried at 70℃, and 80% of methanol concentration was applied to each ground specimen. Extraction was made by immersion and filtering process at room temperature. Samples were classified into two groups, one for cultivars that were collected on the 43th day, and the other for the collection of the 62nd day. We measured the rate of DPPH radical scavenging activity, total polyphenol contents, and total flavonoid contents for every Samples. For the group of the 43th day collection, Jangdae showed the highest rate of radical scavenging activity as well as the highest polyphenol contents, and El-1had the highest flavonoid contents. For the group ofthe 62nd day collection, R demonstrated not only the highest contents of polyphenol and flavonoid, but alsothe highest rate of antioxidant activity. When we compared each cultivar from another regardless its date of collection, R resulted biggest increase in all of functional components. Conclusion : Based on the test results, useful components and antioxidant activity of kenaf leaves increase in proportion to longer growing period. Particularly, the study indicates that R can be utilized as a cosmetic ingredient crop, as the rate of increase in polyphenol and flavonoid contents were highest among the six cultivars.

The purpose of this study was to measure the bioactivity and antioxidant activity of Orostachys japonicus A. Berger. Orostachys japonicus A. Berger have been known to contain functional materials such as kaempferol, hydroquinone, methyl gallate, quercetin, gallic acid etc. To identify the main functional materials of Orostachys japonicus A. Berger, the contents of flavonoid and phenol were measured. We extracted Orostachys japonicus A. Berger powder from four solvents such as chloroform:methanol (CM, 2:1, v/v), distilled water (DW), 70% methanol, 70% ethanol. After that, this study determined tannin, total phenol, flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power and reducing power of Orostachys japonicus A. Berger extracts and as results of comparing each extract. respectively. From the above results shows that antioxidant activity and bioactivity of Orostachys japonicus A. Berger extracts was higher in the order of 70% ethanol, 70% methanol, DW and CM (p<0.05). The results showed that antioxidant activity of Orostachys japonicus A. Berger extracts supposed to affect by the total phenol and flavonoid contents.

Flavonoids and total polyphenols are important secondary plant metabolites, as they play a role in reducing the oxidative stress caused by ROS In this study, we investigated for flavonoid contents, total polyphenol contents, and antioxidant activities in 27 accessions from 10 Vicia species. Among 27 vicia accessions, NAC17 (V. monantha) and NAC14 (V. hyrcanica) had the highest total flavonoid (1.42 ± 0.09 mg/g) and total polyphenol (124.2 ± 0.5 μg/GAE mg) contents, respectively. In four flavonoids, naringenin showed the highest concentrations in Vicia species. The DPPH and ABTS were the range from 0.2 (NAC24, V. sativa subsp. nigra) to 18.5 (NAC13, V. faba) μg/ASC mg and 19.1 (NAC7, V. cracca) to 253.4 (NAC13, V. faba) μg/Trolox mg, respectively. Among the 10 Vicia species, V. monantha and V. hyrcanica had the highest flavonoid (1.31 ± 0.09 mg/g) and total polyphenol (116.5 ± 2.0 μg/GAE mg) contents, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity was detected in V. faba. These results will expand the flavonoid database and provide information on Vicia species valuable for development of functional foods or feed-additives resources.

본 연구는 강릉, 대관령에서 재배된 아마란스 품종별로 수량, 생육특성, 항산화활성, 총페놀함량 그리고 유리아미노산의 차이를 조사하고 국내 적응이 가능한지 살펴보고자 실시하였다. 수량은 125~465 kg 10a-1의 범위였으며 RRC 1027 품종이 가장 많았다. 천립중은 0.42~0.82 g으로 아주 작았고 특히 Kerala Red 품종이 가장 가벼웠다. DPPH를 이용한 항산화 활성 분석에서 지역별로는 강릉과 대관령 사이의 유의차는 없었으나 품종별로는 유색품종인 Kerala Red가 가장 높았다. 총 폴리페놀 함량을 분석한 결과 994~1,732 mg kg-1의 범위를 보였다. 종실의 유리아미노산 함량 분석 결과 glutamic acid 30.5 mg 100 g-1, aspartic acid 26.1 mg 100-1, arginine 24.3 mg 100 g-1 순이었다. 이러한 결과를 종합해 볼 때 국내에서 아마란스 재배는 수량 등에서도 안정적이었고 glutamic acid, aspartic acid, arginine 등 곡물에 부족할 수 있는 유리아미노산을 포함하고 있어 새로운 작물로 개발 가능성이 높을 것으로 기대된다. 그러나 항산화활성능을 측정하기 위하여 DPPH 방법 이외에 다른 방법을 모색할 필요가 있을 것으로 생각된다.

연구용 NIR 장비에서 수집된 벼 생엽의 질소 함량 검량 식 및 데이터베이스를 현장용 NIR 장비에 검량식을 이설,검증함으로서 현장 적용 가능성을 평가하기 위해 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다.1. 2003년부터 2009년까지 스펙트럼을 수집한 시료 중선발 된 A 데이터 세트(개체수 454점)의 총 질소범위는 2.041%～4.933%, 2012년 수집된 B 데이터 세트(258점)는 2.180%～3.690%이며 각각의 전체 평균은3.497%, 2.712%였다.2. A, B 데이터 세트에서 유도된 검량식 결과 결정계수(R2)는 각각 0.845, 0.777,표준오차(SEC)는 0.196, 0.126,SECV는 0.238, 0.150이었다.3. 연구용 NIR 장비 400 nm～2500 nm 파장에서 얻어진데이터베이스를 현장용 NIR 장비 1200 nm～2400 nm파장에 맞게 잘라 이설한 후 2012년 데이터베이스에업데이트 확장한 후 작성된 검량식 결과 결정계수(R2)는 0.880, 표준오차(SEC)는 0.191이었다.4. 연구용 NIR 장비에 구축된 데이터베이스를 현장용NIR 장비에 맞춰 데이터베이스를 확장 업데이트하고검량식을 이설한 결과 연구용 장비와의 표준오차는0.005%로 거의 동일한 수준의 결과를 얻었다.

본 연구는 검정찰옥수수 교잡계와 그의 자식계통들에 대해 수분 후 일수가 늘어남에 따라 옥수수 알맹이의 총안토시아닌 함량과 항산화 활성의 변화 양상을 구명하고 육종에 활용할 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다.2009년 31개의 검정찰옥수수 자식계통의 총안토시아닌 함량은 평균 52.3 mg/100 g 이었고 KBW39가 173.3 mg/100 g으로 가장 높았으며 KBW1 등 4개 계통의 총안토시아닌 함량은 150 mg/100 g 이상이었다.2010년 33개의 검정찰옥수수 교잡계의 총안토시아닌 함량은 수확시기가 늦어질수록 증가하였고 항산화 활성 역시 안토시아닌 축적과 유사한 경향을 나타내었으며 상관분석 결과 0.64의 정의 상관을 보였다.2011년 자식계통과 그의 교잡계의 총안토시아닌 함량과 항산화 활성의 변화는 2009년과 2010년에서 본 결과 총안토시아닌 함량, 수분 후 일수에 따른 변화 양상, 항산화 활성 등에 차이가 있었으며 이는 기상환경에 따른 안토시아닌 축적의 변화와 안토시아닌 이외의 항산화물질들 함량변화와 관련 있을 것으로 사료되었다. 총안토시아닌 함량은 KBW2/KBW39의 교배조합이 120 mg/100 g으로 가장 높았고 모본과 부본 역시 각각 118.1 mg/100 g, 195.0 mg/100 g으로 함량이 높았다.총안토시아닌 함량과 Hunter’s Lab 값은 유의한 차이가 있었으며 명도는 총안토시아닌 함량이 증가할수록 감소하였고 상관분석결과 상관계수가 2010년에는 -0.8456, 2011년에는 -0.9050으로 고도로 높은 부의 상관을 나타내었다.

신안산 손바닥선인장 butanol 추출물과 methanol 추출물이 10균주 중 세균에 대하여 항균활성이 강하였으나, 젖산균 및 효모에 대해서는 항균활성이 나타나지 않았다. 부위별 항균활성은 줄기 추출물이 열매 추출물 보다 강한 활성을 나타내었다. 손바닥선인장의 butanol 추출물의 최소저해 농도는 세균은 100 mg/mL 이었고, 효모와 젖산균은 500 mg/mL이었다. 손바닥선인장 추출물의 열 안정성은 에서 30분 가열시에도 항균활성이 거의

Changes in the contents of total phenolic compounds in as Agrimonia pilosa well as their antioxidant capacity according to the havest time and positions were examined. The contents of the total phenolic compounds were determined by extraction with MeOH. Among havest times harvestry in July showed highest contents of the total phenolic compounds and harvestry in May showed lowest contents of the phenolic compounds. Among the 4 positions (root, branch, leaf, flower) of Agrimonia pilosa the root contained highest contents of the phenolic compounds. The antioxidant capacities of Agrimonia pilosa were increased roughly with increasing level of contents of phenolic compounds according to positions.

국내에서 제조 및 시판되고 있는 사과를 비롯한 과일 주스 5종, 포도 주스 10종의 총 페놀 함량과 항산화 활성을 DPPH 방법과 FRAP 방법으로 조사하였다. 시판 과일 주스 중 오렌지의 총 페놀 함량이 114.09 nlg/L로 가장 높게 나타났고, 포도주스 10종은 의 함량으로 제품 별로 다양하게 나타났다. 과일 주스의 DPPH radical 소거 활성은 자몽이 가장 높았으며 사과, 파인애플이 낮았다. 포도주스의 항산화 활성은 제품에 따라 다

This study purposed to look for its uses by analyzing useful substances in kenaf (Hibiscus cannabin us L.) leaves based on the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents in the leaves, DPPH radical scavenging activity of leaf extract, SOD activity, etc. by different growth stage and variety. According to the results of experiment, the total polyphenol content was highest in Everglade-41 (27.9 mg/g dw.), the total flavonoid content was highest in Tainung-2 (42.3 mg/g dw.), and SOD activity was highest in Dowling (96.1 %). However, DPPH radical scavenging activity was similar among the three varieties.

바위솔 총 페놀 함량은 조사된 빛의 양 및 질소비료의 시비량과 밀접한 관계가 있으며 빛의 양이 증가될수록 질소비료의 시비량이 증가할수록 총 페놀 함량이 증가하는 경향이 관찰되었다. 총 페놀 함량은 여러 가지 조건하에서 인공적으로 재배된 바위솔보다 자연산 바위솔에서 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 자연산의 경우 개화 후의 총 페놀 함량이 개화 전의 총 페놀함량보다 높았다. 바위솔의 항산화능은 바위솔에 조사된 빛의 양 및 질소비료의 시비량과 관계가 있으며 빛의 양 및 질소비료의 시비량이 증가하면 대략적으로 항산화능도 증가하는 것으로 조사되었다. 인산 및 칼륨비료의 시비량과 총페놀 함량과 항산화능 사이에는 별 큰 상관관계가 없는 것으로 관찰되었다.