스펀지 도시는 도시가 물을 효율적으로 사용한다는 개념을 강조한다. 도로의 스펀지화는 스펀지 도시 의 가장 직접적인 구현이며, 도시의 침수 및 물 부족 문제를 해결할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 지닝시 성화 로를 대상으로 하여 성화로 이용에 대한 인식 및 개선수요를 분석하기 위하여 성화로 주민, 환경미화원, 지닝시 택시운전자 및 도로 계획가를 대상으로 현장 인터뷰 및 설문조사를 실시하였다. 조사내용을 바 탕으로 성화로 이용빈도에 대한 인식과 인구통계학적 특성의 유의성을 검증하기 위해 교차분석을 수 행하였다. 선행연구와 성화로 이용 인식분석을 통해 스펀지형 도로, 친환경 생태도로 및 안전형 도로의 3대 도로유형을 설정하였다. 도로유형의 각 항목의 중요도가 성화로침수에 미치는 영향관계를 결정하 기 위해 선형회귀분석을 수행하였으며, 성화로 개선의 방향을 결정하기 위해 AHP 계층분석법을 이용 하여 가중치를 계산하여 각 항목의 중요도 점수를 분석하였다. 분석결과 성화로는 LID 기술, 생태형 비 탈면 설계 및 식생배치가 도로 스펀지화 개선의 주요방향임을 알 수 있다.

본 연구는 노인의 야외활동 증진을 위해 고령화가 심각한 중국 산둥성 쯔보시의 도시공원을 대 상지로 노인활동에 적합한 식재경관 조성지표를 탐색·도출하는데 목적이 있다. 객관적이고 적 합한 지표를 설정하기 위해 문헌 고찰, 현장 설문조사, 현장조사를 통해 노인들의 생리적·심리 적 특징, 노인들의 공원 이용특징과 식재경관 의식, 노인 활동공간 내 식재의 의한 공간구성 특 징과 주요 식재수종 및 선호 경관 등을 파악하고 이에 따른 도시공원 노인활동에 적합한 식재경 관을 파악하였다. 그리고 조경식물과 이들 집합체인 식재경관의 기능과 관련된 선행연구를 토 대로 41개 식재경관 지표 후보군을 도출하였다. 적합한 식재경관 조성지표를 선정하기 위하여 전문가 조사를 3회 실시하였다. 조사분석 결과, 전문가의 의견을 근거하여 치유식물과 방향성 식물, 계절에 따라 변화하는 식물의 배치와 사계절 경관, 새를 유인하는 식물과 관과식물 비율, 산소 방출량이 높은 식물과 식물의 공기정화는 통합되었고 교목의 단식을 추가하였다. 중요도 평균값, 내용 타당도, 수렴도, 합의도 등의 분석결과, 방충식물, 식물의 표지기능 등 2개 지표가 중요도 평균값 낮으므로 제외되었다. 식물의 방풍·통풍성, 친근한 식물, 흥미로운 식재, 상록식 물과 낙엽식물의 비율 등 4개 지표가 기준에 부합하지 않아 제거되었다. 최종적으로 조경식물과 이들 집합체인 식재경관의 기능이 표현된 식재경관 조성지표 32개가 선정되었으며, 노인들의 야외활동 증진을 위한 공원설계 및 관리에 필요한 정보와 자료를 제공하는데 연구의의가 있다.

본 연구는 중국 산둥성 쯔보시의 도시공원 중 하루 평균 인구 유동량이 가장 많은 인민공원, 횃불공원, 치성호공원을 대상으로 식재경관 조성에 중요한 영향을 미치는 20개 식재경관 지표를 선정한 후 공원 이용자들이 식재경관에 중요도와 이용 후 만족도에 관한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 IPA 분석을 활용하여 식재경관 지표별 중요도 및 만족도를 파악하고 개선이 필요한 지표를 도출하였다. 연구결과, 중요도 분석에서는 인민공원과 치성호공원은 식물종 다양성, 횃불공원은 나무의 그늘이 가장 중요한 지표로 분석되었다. 한편, 만족도 분석에서는 인민공원 및 횃불공원은 나무의 그늘, 치성호공원은 식물종 다양성이 가장 높은 만족도를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 대응표본 T-검사 결과, 인민공원은 16개 지표, 횃불공원은 15개 지표, 치성호공원은 15개 지표가 중요도 및 만족도 사이에 뚜렷한 통계적 차이가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. IPA 분석결과, 인민공원은 사계절 경관 등 4개 지표, 횃불공원은 꽃모양의 다양성 등 4개 지표, 치성호공원은 식물 층위의 미 등 3개 지표가 중요도는 높았으나 만족도가 낮게 나타나 중점적으로 개선해야 한 지표로 도출되었으며, 이를 토대로 중점적으로 개선해야 한 지표에 대해 개선방안을 제안하였다. 연구를 통하여 공원 이용자들의 식재경관 만족도를 향상하고 더 좋은 식재경관 체험을 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

본 연구는 중국 산둥성 쯔보시 인민공원과 치성호 공원 이용자 설문조사 결과를 바탕으로 식재경관 조성지표 간의 상관성 및 유형화 특성을 분석할 목적으로 시도되었다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 대부분 식재경관 조성지표 간 상관성이 있었으며, 사계절 경관과 흥미로운 식재와의 상관성이 가장 높았고 식물의 안전성과 식물 공간구축의 상관성이 그 다음이었다. 요인분석 결과, 미적 요인, 재료적 요인, 이용적 요인, 관리적 요인으로 유형화되었으며, 식물 층위의 미·꽃모양의 다양성·꽃색의 다양성·친근한 식물·교목과 관목 비율·식물의 상징성이 미적 요인에서 뚜렷한 영향을 미쳤다. 재료적 요인은 식물의 공간구축과 사계절 경관, 이용적 요인은 나무의 그늘과 식물종다양성, 관리적 요인은 식물 보호 관리가 비교적 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다.

중국은 1979년 이후로 한자녀정책을 주요 정책으로 추진해왔고, 이로 인해 저출산 사회로 전환되었 다. 또한 발전된 보건과 의료기술로 노인들의 수명이 급격히 늘어나면서 중국의 고령화율 역시 급증하 였다. 이렇듯 수발이 필요한 고령인구는 급증하였으나, 현재 중국에는 이들을 돌볼 돌봄인력이나 인프 라가 턱없이 부족한 상태이다. 본 연구는 이러한 노인수발 문제를 해결하기 위한 제도적 해법으로 노인 장기요양보험에 주목한다. 본 연구는 중국 노인장기요양보험제도의 도입과정과 시범사업 등을 살펴본 후, 노인장기요양보험제도 도입의 선도국가인 한국으로부터 어떤 정책교훈을 얻을 수 있는지 살펴보았 다. 본 연구는 연구를 수행함에 있어 주로 문헌연구 분석을 사용하였다. 본 연구는 두 가지 의의를 갖는다. 첫째, 중국 노인장기요양보험제도의 시범사업을 개관함으로써 그 흐름은 물론 그에 관한 기초 자료를 제공하고 있다. 둘째, 중국의 노인수발 문제를 연구함에 있어 기존 연구들에서 찾아볼 수 없는 비교사회정책학적 접근법, 특히 동아시아 사회복지에 대한 비교연구를 수행하였다.

This paper seeks to enable the port of Shandong Peninsula to better handle the relationship between competition and cooperation and thus achieve common development. Based on an analysis of the current development of Shandong Peninsula ports, the paper proposes a port competition and cooperation strategy based on a Bertrand game. According to the game model, an income matrix of Qingdao Port and Rizhao Port, Yantai Port and Weihai Port is established and an analysis the income of each port under different strategic combinations is conducted to determine the strategy that is most conducive to the development of the ports. At the same time, we consider the instability of cooperation and establish a certain cooperation mechanism. Finally, an example is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed port development strategy for Shandong Peninsula.

Bemisia tabaci biotype Q in China (Shandong) orginated from the western Mediterrenean regions. B. tabaci biotype Q was introduced into Shandong province of China in 2006 and has since displaced the previous well-established population of biotype B in the whole province. The populations of B. tabaci biotype Q in the field have a rapid genetic turnover. These findings will be helpful to the management of whitefly populations in the field.

The paper explores the relationship among the personnel characters, organizational formalization and organizational commitment in Korean firms in Shandong province of China. In this paper, the employee’s personnel characters include the sexual, job, college graduate, collectivism(value attitude), Power distance(value attitude). The results of anaysis shows that College gratuate have negative effects on the organizational commitment, and the collectivism have positive effection on the affective commitment, the perception of organizational formalization have positive effects on the affective commitment. And, the perception of organizational formalization have moderlate effects among the job, college gratuate, collectivism, power distance with organizational commitment. Based on the these results, the paper described the theoretical and practical implications.

This study was conducted to survey the perception and preferences of customers that have dined at Korean restaurants in China and investigate the importance and performance level of quality attributes, customer satisfaction, revisit intention and recommendation intention. The survey was conducted January 31~March 1, 2016 in China. The 293 questionnaires (97.7%) were analyzed using SPSS(Ver. 23.0) and AMOS(Ver. 21.0). Results of this study are as follow: Customers that dined at a Korean restaurant in China were composed of 157 women and 136 men. Regarding the reason for preferring Korean cuisine, taste, hygiene and nutritional value of Korean food were the most significant quality factors. Regarding complaints about Korean food, Chinese people placed much emphasis on freshness of ingredients when dining out, based on the majority of complaints about ingredients that were not fresh. The main reason for leftover food were personal eating habits and that of customers revisiting food taste and nutrition. Path model among customer satisfaction, revisit intention and recommendation intention revealed the factor of menus and attributes of menu items regarding customer’s age that had an impact on customers’ satisfaction, and association with customers’ satisfaction, revisit intention and recommendation intention as well.

In this study, the preference for Korean Kimchi by Chinese people in Shandong Province was evaluated. Specifically, this study was conducted to aid in the introduction of Kimchi to China by providing information and developing local types designed to meet regional taste preferences. The subjects were comprised of 298 Chinese (male 108, female 190) residents of Weihai, Yantai and Qingdao, in Shandong province, China. The subjects were provided with a self administered questionnaire form designed to evaluate their views on Korean Kimchi. The collected data were then analyzed using the SAS software package. The results revealed that 95.3% of the respondents were aware of Korean Kimchi. In addition, 100% of the respondents who had visited Korea and 98.1% of the respondents who had an interest in Korea were aware of Kimchi. With regard to the origins of their interest in Kimchi, 26.8% of the subjects answered 'through mass media', while 23.9% reported that they learned about Kimchi 'through friends'. Most subjects recognized Kimchi as a 'Korean traditional food' (92.6%), a 'delicious food' (53.2%), and a 'fermented food' (38.0%). Baechu Kimchi was found to be the most well-known Kimchi, followed by Kkakdugi, Oi Kimchi, Yoelmu Kimchi and Nabak Kimchi. Additionally, 69.1% of the subjects knew how it was prepared, most of whom reported that they learned how Kimchi was prepared through 'Korean movie and/or drama'. Moreover, 88.9% of the subjects had eaten Kimchi. Overall, 43.8% of the subjects reported that they ate Kimchi 1~2 times per month, while 32.1% reported that they ate Kimchi 1~2 time per year. The most common places that Kimchi was eaten were a 'Korean restaurant' (67.6%) or with a 'colleague' (32.8%). The primary reasons for not having eaten Kimchi were 'no knowledge or dislike of Kimchi by family' (30.3%), 'difficulty purchasing Kimchi' (21.2%), 'high priced Kimchi' (21.2%), and 'dislike the smell and shape of Kimchi' (12.1%).

With the rapid development of the Internet, mobile Internet, big data, cloud computing and other technologies as well as the continuous improvement of logistics infrastructure, cross-border e-commerce has been developing rapidly in China. As a close neighbor of South Korea, the development of crossborder e-commerce has given wings to the development of trade between China and South Korea. Shandong Province, as an eastern coastal city of China, has a unique advantage in trade with Korea. In this paper, we will study the current situation of trade development between Shandong and Korea, analyze its problems, and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.

While Shandong Province is the largest historical and cultural and the first agricultural province in China, in recent years, due to the accelerated urbanization and modernization process, the conflict between traditional culture and modern civilization has had a serious impact on rural culture, and the ancient architecture among the villages in Shandong has also caused certain damage. These ancient buildings scattered in various villages in Shandong are important historical and cultural resources, the embodiment of Shandong traditional culture, and have an important role in the revitalization of rural culture and the enhancement of rural cohesion. However, research on the subsequent survey, conservation and restoration, and tourism development of ancient buildings in Shandong has lagged behind, and the role of these buildings in the inheritance of traditional Shandong traditional culture has not been given due attention, and their role in the construction of rural culture in the new era of Shandong has been seriously neglected. Tourism utilization is generally considered to be the preferred way to solve the conservation problems of ancient buildings. This study argues that the cultural revitalization of rural culture can be driven by the tourism and cultural industry of ancient buildings, and it can also provide a strong and sustainable power source for the rural revitalization strategy of the whole Shandong Province.

Tourism catering water footprint is an important part of the tourism water footprint. The paper takes 17 cities in Shandong Province as the research object, draws on the relevant literature research results, combines the actual situation of tourism catering industry development in Shandong Province, establishes the water footprint measurement model of tourism catering industry in Shandong Province, and evaluates the tourism catering water footprint in Shandong Province. The results show that there is a large regional difference in the total amount of tourism catering water footprints in Shandong Province. The water consumption level of tourism catering industry in Shandong Province is decreasing year by year, and the utilization efficiency of tourism catering water resources is increasing year by year. The water consumption level of the tourism and catering industry in Shandong Province is generally high in the east, the second in the middle, and the low in the west.

As a new-fashioned tourism style, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) health tourism has been going through a more and more rapid development in recent years. The development of TCM health tourism of Shandong Province mainly depends on the unique TCM resources and profound TCM cultures in different regions. The exploitation of TCM health tourism can not only protect the unique TCM resources and inherit TCM culture, but also promote the economic development of the province. Based on the analysis of the related resources, exploitation present conditions and the problems emerged in the development of TCM health tourism in Shandong Province, this article put forward a frame proposal of industry-based, industry-leaded and tourism idea-guided development mode for the TCM health tourism development in Shandong Province, in order to achieve the goals of integrated development between TCM and health tourism in Shandong Province. This will be of quite significant strategies and measurements to the TCM health tourism development in Shandong Province.

Shandong Province, as a big province of cultural resources, has abundant cultural resources and the rapid development of cultural industries. At the same time, the contradiction between the protection and development of cultural resources is increasingly prominent, threatening the sustainable use of cultural resources. Based on this, the article systematically analyzes the classification, characteristics, and utilization status of cultural resources in Shandong Province from the perspective of sustainable development. According to the clustering characteristics of regional characteristic cultural resources in Shandong Province, it proposes the construction of five major cultural industrial clusters and the realization of culture. The concept of the development of sustainable use of resources provides a new way to promote the effective protection and rational development of cultural resources in Shandong Province and promote the transformation and upgrading of cultural industries.

The 13th “Five year plan” clearly puts forward the goal of making cultural industry become the pillar industry of national economy in the next five years, which means cultural industry becomes a new development momentum, and are attached much greater importance by the government. Cultural resources are the material basis for the cultural industry, to scientifically classify and evaluate the cultural resources is the key to transform cultural resource advantage into industrial advantage. Firstly, referring to the method of national tourist resources classification, the cultural resources in the Shandong peninsula blue economic zone can be divided into seven types, which are natural landscape culture resources, historical culture resources, folk customs culture resources, religious culture resources, festival events culture resources, literature and art, reality culture resources. Then, the development potential of cultural resources in the Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone were evaluated using the multilevel grey method. The evaluation results showed that the development potential of the cultural resources in the Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone is the highest and the development potential order of each type was W (natural)>W(historical)>W(folk)>W(literaryarts)>W(festivalevent)>W(Religion)>W(real), among which natural landscape culture resources and history culture resources has the greatest development potential, festival event culture resources and reality culture resources has a comparative advantage, literature and art resources has a advantaged talent and outstanding development characteristics, and festival events culture resources has great potential market demand and expected development benefits.

With the depth research in global climate change and the rapid development of tourism industry, tourism industry has been paid more and more attention to carbon emissions. Shandong Province is a major tourism province, the tourism industry not only has the high speed development, but also has expanded each year, the issue of tourism carbon emissions has become one of the important problems to be solved. By using Tapio model to analyze the decoupling relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions in Shandong Province tourism during 2000-2013, and decomposed the total decoupling indicator into the energy saving decoupling indicator and emission reduction decoupling indicator to study, the results showed that: the decoupling relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions in Shandong Province tourism was mainly weak decoupling, energy saving decoupling indicator was the main influence factor of the total decoupling indicators being weak decoupling state, emissions reduction decoupling indicator showed a weak influence on the total decoupling indicators being weak decoupling state. When Shandong Province develop the low-carbon tourism, efforts should be made to create a good institutional environment, to increase research and development of low carbon technology, to improve the level of low-carbon tourism facilities, to optimize energy consumption structure, to increase the proportion of the use of low carbon energy.

Tourism service quality is the lifeline for the survival of tourism enterprises , which is the core embodiment of the competitiveness of tourism enterprises. Based on the perspective of tourists perceived value, this paper aimed to analyze the quality of rural tourism of Shandong province, it indentified the effect factors of tourist service quality from two research perspective: the impact to the expectations before the tourists travel process and the experience during tourists travel the process. And then, through the analysis of problems existing in the rural tourism service of Shandong province, it put forward the relative countermeasures. Key Words

Purpose - This dissertation is based on previous research, and analyzes processing trade, which constitutes a major section of foreign trade in Shandong Province. Research design, data, and methodology - The study uses the survey data on polarization, which is a vital index reflecting the unbalanced growth of regional economic development. The article introduces the processing trade polarization index, and the processing trade polarization fluctuation rate, to predict the geographical polarization posture and development trends in Shandong Province. Results -The development of processing trade in Shandong Province shows the level of gradient from east to west. The first-line growth pole has been formed and developed, and the initial formation of the diffusion mechanism has taken place. However, coordination problems in accompanying regional development have become increasingly prominent. Conclusions - This study focuses on the development of processing trade strategy and suggests overall coordination of development objectives, using non-balanced development goals. According to regional characteristics and development objectives of the processing trade in Shandong Province, the region around the city is divided into innovation diffusion region, enhanced growth areas, areas expected to undertake development, and areas to upgrade in four levels, given the different policy proposals.

Purpose - The objective of the paper is to explain theeconomy and trade developmentbetween South Korea and Shandong, strengtheninglogistics Industry cooperation of both sidesincreasingly important. Research design, data, methodology - The study conducted a survey on Shandong is the earliest economy and trade exchanges with South Korea in China. Shandong and South Korea share the similar geopolitical, the same culture and long exchange history etc. Results - This study explorescurrent situation and existing problemsthe logisticscooperation betweenKorea and Shandong, andrecommendations so as to furthertradebetween two sides. Conclusions - Logistics cooperation of China and South Korea is an important part of the international logistics cooperation in Northeast Asian Economic Circle, and the logistics cooperation betweenShandong and South Korea occupies an important position in logistics cooperation of China and South Korea.