간행물
한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집
- 발행기관 한국응용곤충학회
- 자료유형 학술대회
- 간기 반년간
- 수록기간 2000 ~ 2024
- 주제분류 농수해양 > 농학 농수해양 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 495DDC 595
권호리스트/논문검색
2015 한국응용곤충학회 임시총회 및 추계학술발표회 (2015년 10월) 278건
농업곤충
221.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
담배가루이(Bemisia tabaci)는 시설작물에 심각한 피해를 주는 해충으로 기주식물의 범위가 넓으며 작물에 직접적인 흡즙에 의한 피해뿐만 아니라 바이러스의 매개를 통하여 작물의 수량을 감소시킨다. 세대가 짧고 발생횟수가 많은 담배가루이는 살충제에 대한 저항성 발달 가능성이 높으며 지속적인 화학방제에도 불구하고 방제가 쉽지 않은 해충이다. 이러한 해충의 효율적인 관리를 위한 근본적인 대책마련이 시급한 실정이다.
따라서, 토마토 시설재배지에서 발생하는 담배가루이를 트랩식물을 이용하여 효율적으로 관리할 수 있는 방법을 탐색하고자 본 실험을 수행하였다. 담배가루이에 유인력이 높은 식물인 가지에 침투이행성 화학약제인 cyantraniliprole, dinotefuran, pyridaben, clothianidin 를 추천농도로 사용했을 때 dinotefuran이 80.0%로 가장 높았고 dinotefuran을 농도별로 조사했을 때 100ppm에서는 61.4%로 낮은 효과를 보였으나 250~1000 ppm 농도에서 유의한 차이 없이 88.4%~90.6%의 효과를 보였다. 가지에 dinotefuran을 침투이행시킨 후 생충수를 조사한 결과 담배가루이 성충의 밀도는 무처리에 비해 낮은 수준으로 유지하다가 9일째부터 담배가루이 성충의 생충수가 증가하였다. 가지에 4가지 침투이행성 약제를 처리한 후 토마토와 함께 아크릴케이지 내에 넣고 담배가루이 500마리를 방사하였을 때 dinotefuran의 생충수가 가장 낮았지만, 토마토 잎에서의 밀도는 pyridaben과 clothianidin을 처리한 구보다 높았다. 포장에서 트랩식물인 가지를 투입 했을 때 담배가루이 밀도가 낮은 것으로 나타났으며 15m부터는 무처리구와 밀도가 유사하여 트랩효과는 떨어졌다. 담배가루이 밀도가 낮은 포장에서는 트랩식물인 가지에 dinotefuran 2000배 액을 처리한 것을 하우스 측면에 20m간격으로 투입하였을 때 담배가루이는 하우스 측면에서 밀도가 높았고 가지 인근이 밀도가 높았으며 8m 거리에서 담배가루이 밀도가 가장 낮았다. 담배가루이 밀도가 높은 포장의 경우도 동일한 결과를 보였으나 소발생 포장보다 다소 밀도가 높게 유지되었다.
222.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
The density of sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, on greenhouse paprika (Capsicum annuum var. angulosum) were determined by counts of the number of B. tabaci per leaflet in Jinju, Gyeungsangnamdo during 2014. Binomial sampling plans were developed based on the relationship between the mean density per leaf (m) and the proportion of leaf infested with less than T B. tabaci per leaf (PT), according to empirical model (ln(m) = α + β(ln(-ln(1-PT))). T was defined as tally threshold, and set to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (adults) and 1, 3, 5, 7 (pupae) per leaf in this study. Increasing sample size, regardless of tally threshold, had little effects on the precision of the binomial sampling plan. Increasing sample size had little effect on the precision of the estimated mean regardless of tally thresholds. T=1 was chosen as the best tally threshold for estimating densities of B. tabaci adults based on the precision on the model and T=3 was best tally thresholds in B. tabaci pupae. Using the results obtained in the greenhouse, simulated validation of the developed sampling plan by RVSP (Resampling Validation for Sampling Plan) indicated the suitable results.
223.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
The former Scelionidae (sensu stricto) is considered to be a part of Platygastridae, recently. During the parasitic wasp collecting with yellow pan trap, aiming at investigating promising biological control agents which attack on plantbug pests for soybean cultivation, one new species and one unrecorded scelionine species were identified.
Opisthacantha albertoi sp. n. was collected from central part of korean peninsula. It is very unique by its yellowish body, compared with the black of the most recorded korean scelonine species. It has a long ovipositor which is 1.3 times longer than body length. It was named after the late Dr. S.-B. Ahn, the noctuid specialist.
The unrecorded Tiphodytes gerriphagus (Marchal) was famous for its extremely extraordinary habit of diving for Hymenoptera to attack the eggs of gerrid hosts (Gerris, Trepobates spp.). It was collected nationwidely in Korea.
As a result, two genera are newly added in korean scelionine fauna and korean Scelioninae is composed of eight species in five genera in total.
224.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
2008년 이후 4대강 정비 사업을 수행하면서 넓어진 수변공간을 대상으로 자연경관 조성과 바이오에너지 원료 생산을 위해 거대억새 등 억새 식재지가 많이 증가하였다. 이에 억새 단일 식재지에 서식하는 벌목 곤충의 천적으로서의 이용가능성을 알아보고자 발생양상을 파악하기 위해 2015년 4월 중순부터 6월까지 1주 간격으로 3개월간 전남 화순 지역에서 끈끈이트랩을 이용하여 벌목 곤충을 채집하고 상과별로 나누었다. 트랩은 채집지에서 논 인접지역과 하천 인접지역의 둘로 나누어 각각 3개씩 설치하였다.
조사 결과, 총채집수는 4월의 53마리로부터 6월로 갈수록 증가하였는데, 매주 평균 28.9마리 정도 채집되었으며, 하천 인접지역이 19.3마리로 논 인접지역(9.6마리)보다 2배 많았다. 분류군으로는 좀벌, 납작먹좀벌, 수염먹좀벌 상과의 순이었으며, 잎벌은 4월에는 많이 채집되었으나 5월 이후에는 전혀 채집되지 않았다.
현재 천적으로 주로 사용되는 좀벌, 납작먹좀벌, 맵시벌상과만 분리하여 분석한 결과, 각각의 발생비율은 58.9%, 28.9%, 12.1%로 조사되었는데, 좀벌상과에서는 총채벌과가 50% 이상을 차지했다. 중기생봉으로 작용하는 수염먹좀벌은 주로 6월 들어 채집되었다.
이와 같은 발생양상 조사 결과를 바탕으로, 앞으로 억새에 발생하는 해충의 생물적 방제에 사용할 유망천적을 선발하기 위해서는 좀벌상과를 중심으로 채집된 벌목 곤충 종들의 생활사 조사에 앞서 좀벌상과, 특히 총채벌과의 분류 연구가 수행되어야만 좋은 결과를 얻을 것으로 기대된다.
225.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
콩 재배시 큰 문제가 되는 톱다리개미허리노린재의 알에 기생하는 천적의 기생률을 조사하기 위해 2014년 4개 도 8개 지역(수원, 파주, 연천, 영월, 횡성, 원주, 상주, 밀양)과 2015년 전주 소재 국립식량과학원 콩 포장에서 톱다리개미허리노린재 알을 채집하였다.
8개 지역 콩 포장에서 톱다리개미허리노린재의 알 163개를 채집하여 기생 여부를 조사한 결과, 총 79개에서 기생벌이 우화하여 기생률은 48.5%로 나타났다. 파주, 연천, 상주에서의 기생률은 각각 90.0%, 75.0%, 66.1%로 높게 나타났으며, 납작먹좀벌과(Platygastridae)의 Gryon japonicum (Ashmead)과 깡충좀벌과의 Ooencyrtus nezarae Ishii가 혼재하였다.
2015년 지방이전 후 신규 조성된 전주 국립식량과학원 콩 포장에서 7회에 걸쳐 톱다리개미허리노린재 알을 채집하여 조사한 결과, 총 321개의 알 중 226개에서 기생봉이 우화하여 기생률은 70.4%이었으며, 그 중 63.7%(144개)는 깡충좀벌과의 Ooencyrtus nezarae Ishii, 36.3%(82개)는 납작먹좀벌과의 Gryon japonicum (Ashmead)에 의한 것이었다.
이와 같이 톱다리개미허리노린재의 알을 직접 채집하여 기생 여부를 조사한 결과, 자연 상태에서 알기생천적의 기생률이 약 50% 이상으로 조사되어 생물적 방제에 적극 활용할 경우, 좋은 결과를 얻을 가능성이 높은 것으로 기대된다.
226.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
The Hawthorn spider mite Amphitetranychus viennensis is an important pest of various fruit trees as well as a variety of ornamental plants. Its presence has been reported in China, Japan, Korea, and middle east and European countries including Grorgia, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine. Thus, it is a quarantine species in American countries and Australia. Intra-specific variation of A. viennensis was investigated using 555 bp of ITS2 ribosomal DNA and 453 bp of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene. Its variation of ITS2 and COI among China, Japan and Korea were 1.7-2.2% and 0.2-0.7%, respectively. In addition, we collected samples from 14 location in Korea. Intra-specific diversity of ITS2 and COI within Korean populations were ranged into 0.5-0.9% and 0.2-0.5%, respectively. Thus, A. viennensis is not much genetically diverse in different populations.
227.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Haribalan Perumalsamy, Xue Wang, Hye Min Shin, Jun-Ran Kim, Byeoung-Ryeol Choi, Soon-Il Kim, Young-Joon Ahn
This study was conducted to determine the toxicity to adult Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Aphis gossypii Glover of 88 plant essential oils and six experimental spray formulations containing bitter orange or marjoram oil was examined using the vapor-phase mortality and spray bioassays. Results were compared with those of two conventional insecticides deltamethrin and dichlorvos. As judged by 24 h LC50 values, bitter orange oil (0.0212 and 0.0192 mg/cm3) was the most active material, followed by marjoram, celeryseed, and cypress oils (0.0239-0.0508 and 0.0209-0.0542 mg/cm3). These essential oils were significantly less toxic than dichlorvos, respectively. These essential oils were consistently more toxic to adult M. persicae in closed versus open containers, indicating that toxicity was achieved mainly through the action of vapor. Bitter orange oil and marjoram oil applied as 1% spray provided complete mortality toward two aphid species adults. Reasonable aphid control in greenhouses can be achieved by a spray formulation containing the 1% oil as potential contact-action fumigant.
산업곤충
228.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
The white-spotted chafer, Protaetia brevitarsis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) was recently listed as a temporal food ingredient by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Traditionally, this beetle has been regarded as a medicine for suppressing live cancer and preventing liver-related disease. Based on these facts, this beetle has been focused as a economically important insects in Korea. Therefore, this beetle is commercially reared and distributed in Korea. As the economic importance is growing, we have investigated to enhance insect rearing conditions for better commercial value. In this study, we compared two food supplements, clay and charcoal, on the larval weight gain for second instar larvae of P. brevitarsis. Clay and charcoal are generally known as a good adsorbent for heavy metals and bio-waste. However, clay and charcoal is not a conventional feed supplements, so its effects were not investigated for insect rearing. The second instar P. brevitarsis larvae were fed fermented sawdust with seven different combinations of cla and/or charcoal, and measured body weight for 17 weeks until pupated. Addition of clay at 2.5 % w/w of the fermented sawdust diet had no negative effect on larval weight gain, and thus may improve the quality of P. brevitarsis as a commercial food.
229.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
식용곤충인 우리벼메뚜기(Oxya chinensis sinuosa)를 대량사육 할 때 수확작업에 과다한 노동력이 들어가는 등 포획에 큰 애로점이 있다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위하여 저온처리, LED광 및 생태적 특성을 이용하는 처리 등으로 쉽게 수확할 수 있는 방법을 찾고자 이 시험을 수행하였다.
저온처리는 Multi-room incubator를 이용해 각 실내 온도를 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15℃로 고정하여 암수 성충별로 경과시간별 쉽게 포획할 수 있는 개체수를 조사하였고, LED광 처리는 30W, 100W 백열전구와 20W 전등색 등 5종의 LED를 이용하여 경과시간별 광에 감응해 채집망 쪽으로 이동하는 개체수를 조사하였다. 생태적 특성을 이용한 방법으로는 야간에 온도가 낮고 불빛이 없을 때 포획하는 처리로 일몰 이후 경과시간에 따라 움직임이 둔한 개체수를 조사하여 서로 비교하였다.
시험결과, 저온처리 중 10℃ 처리에서 수컷은 3시간 암컷은 4시간 경과 후 움직임이 약하여 포획하기 쉬웠다. LED광 처리에서는 30W 전구색 광원에 감응하는 개체수가 다른 LED 광원에 비하여 많았고, 백열전구에 대한 감응도 이와 비슷하였지만 어떤 처리에서도 감응비율이 15% 이내이어서 비효율적이었다. 생태적 특성을 이용한 처리에서는 유리온실 내에서 일몰 후 연차적으로 온도가 내려가 일중 최저온도가 되는 새벽 5~6시경 동틀 무렵에 움직임이 둔한 개체가 많아 포획하는데 용이 하였다.
230.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
숙잠은 5령3일 이후의 누에로 매우 다양한 기능성 물질을 포함하는 견사선이 비대해져 있음. 견사선은 익히거나 동결 건조를 하면 사람이 섭취할 수 없을 정도로 경도가 딱딱해짐. 2013년도에 농촌 진흥청에서는 숙잠을 수증기로 찐 후에 동결 건조하는 방법으로 견사선을 포함하고 있는 숙잠의 섭취가 가능하도록 하는 제조 방법을 개발, 특허등록을 하였음. 본 연구에서는 식용 가능한 익힌 숙잠에 존재하는 다양한 기능성을 구명하기 위한 기본 연구를 수행하였음.
본 연구에서는 익힌 숙잠에 포함된 다양한 기능성 검증을 위하여 가장 연구가 많이 이루어진 동물모델인 초파리(Drosophila melanogaster)를 이용하였음. 초파리가 가지는 다양한 장점을 이용하여 익힌 숙잠이 가지는 기능성에 대한 연구를 수행하고 있음. 생존률 분석, 행동학적인 분석과 더불어 다양한 분자세포 생물학적인 연구와 다중 분석학을 이용한 유전자 발현 및 단백질 발현 변화연구는 현재까지 밝혀지지 않았던 다양한 기능성을 밝혀냄으로써 익힌 숙잠에 대한 수용를 증대시켜서 양잠농가의 소득증대에 도움을 줄 것임. (본 연구는 농촌진흥청 협동연구사업 “익힌숙잠의 인지운동기능 개선효과 구명 (PJ010828012015)”으로 수행되었음).
231.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
국내에는 말벌과에 속하는 5개의 속에 총 32개 종이 분포하고 있다. 말벌속(Genus Vespa)에는 총 10개의 종이 전국적으로 분포를 하고 있는데, 최근에 문제된 외래침입 해충인 등검은 말벌(Vespa velutina nigrithorax Buysson)이 이에 속한다. 본 연구팀은 국내 자생 말벌(Vespa crabro flavofasciata Cameron) 과 좀말벌(Vespa analis parallela Andre)에 대한 Venomics분석을 수행하여, 말벌들의 독선 발현 유전체와 독액에 존재하는 단백체와 대사체에 대한 분석을 완료하였다.
뱀허물쌍살벌속(Genus Parapolybia)에 속하는 큰뱀허물 쌍살벌(Parapolybia indica Saussure)과 뱀허물쌍살벌(Parapolybia varia Fabricius)은 국내자생 종이고, 쌍살벌속(Genus Polistes)에는 왕바다리(Polistes rothneyi koreanus Vecht) 와 별쌍살벌(Polistes snelleni Saussure)을 포함하여 총 10종을 포함하고 있다. 이 중에서 왕다바리와 별쌍살벌에 대한 독선 발현유전체와 단백체분석과 대사체분석을 실시하였다.
본 Venomics연구의 결과는 쌍살벌속에 속하는 종들의 독선특이 발현 유전체와 독액에 존재는 단백체는 다양한 기능성 물질을 포함하고 있는 중요한 유전자원임을 증명하고 있다. (본 연구는 환경부 국립생물자원관의 자생생물 조사·발굴 사업(NIBR201512205)으로 수행되었음)
232.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Five heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) isoforms (hsc70-3, hsc70-4, hsc70-5, hsc70cb, hsp70Ab) of Apis mellifera were identified from Honeybee genome database. Specific primers for each isoform were designed for the quantitative realtime RT-PCR analysis, then analyzed transcript levels of the abdomen of adult workers (3-4 weeks old) in respond to heat shock and imidacloprid ingestion. Heat shock at 45°C for 1 h induced all 5 genes but highest in hsc70cb, hsp70Ab. Ingestion of imidacloprid pesticide did not change any hsp70 isoforms at 33°C but those bees also highly responsive to heat shock at 45°C. In addition, expression level of each hsp70 isoform was various and heat shock response of each isoform was tissue-specific. For example, hsc70-3 was highest in midgut, hsc70-4 was in hypopharyngeal gland, but hsp70Ab was in fat bodies. However, heat shock response of all 5 isoforms was the highest in the fat body than brain, hypopharyngeal gland, midgut, flight muscle and integument. Our results provide information for the understanding of complicated protective mechanism of honey bee against thermal stress.
233.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Dong Jun Kim, Won Seok Gwak, Yong Oh Ahn, Seung Hee Lee, In Hui Kim, See Nae Lee, Dong Woo Kim, Tae Young Shin, Sung Min Bae, Soo Dong Woo
The population of managed honey bees has been dramatically declining the recent past in worldwide. The one of most common disease of bees is nosemosis, the nosemosis is caused by microsporidia in the genus Nosema. Nosema apis and N. ceranae have been described as honeybee pathogens. These microsporidia are highly evoloved fungi with an obligately intracellular parasitic lifstyle. The disease causes significant detriment to honey production and results in economic losses. In our knowledge, Fumagillin is the only antibiotic approved for control of nosemosis in honey bees, however this antibiotic may have unintended effects on the honey bee host, ultimately contributing to increased prevalence and pathogenicity of Nosema. Therefore, we screened anti-Nosema substances from entomopathogenic fungal culture filtrates using in vitro polar tube germination assay. These fungal metabolites are employed as antibiotic agents. As results, Total 3 samples (23% of 13 total samples) showing the germinating inhibition against N. ceranae. This screening method may be useful for the detection of anti-Nosema substances from various samples and selected samples in this study may be a good feature to be used in the development of a new biocontrol method of nosemosis.
234.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Heat treatment has been widely used to control some stored insect pests. The Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella, gives massive economic loss to most stored grains. Heat tolerance of P. interpunctella was assessed in most developmental stages in this study. Heat treatment at 44oC for 1 h was lethal to P. interpunctella. Compared to other developmental stages, late larval instar larvae were more tolerant to the heat treatment. Some of the fifth instar larvae could survive under 44oC for 80 min, but completely died at exposure to 45oC for 80 min. However, the survival rates of the larvae significantly increased by pre-exposure to sublethal temperature at 37oC. The rapid induction of heat tolerance was accompanied with increases in gene expressions of two heat shock proteins, Hsp70 and Hsp90, but not in that of Hsp25. Interestingly, hemolymph trehalose levels also increased from 39.2 mM to 51.3 mM by pre-exposure to 37oC for 30 min. These results suggest that P. interpunctella induces a rapid heat tolerance by up-regulation of heat shock protein levels and hemolymph trehalose levels.
235.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Sun Young Kim, Hong Geun Kim, Sung Ho Song, Hyung Joo Yoon, Kyeong Yong Lee, Young Bo Lee, Nam Jung Kim
Insect is an important player in the ecosystem as a prey for animals. Moreover, they are a valuable candidate food source for rearing animal. Tenebrio molitor (Coeloptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae are known as a good food source with high protein, unsaturated fatty acid, minerals. Therefore, it has strong potential to substitute the conventional meat consumption. To utilize T. molitor as a feed, the standard mass-rearing protocol is required. To make standard mass-rearing protocol, we tested different temperature(17.5, 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5 and 30°C) conditions for egg, larvae, pupae and adult T. molitor to identify the optimal rearing condition. Hatching was occurred within 15~32.5°C range. However, 17.5~27.5°C was required to get more than 70 % hatching rete. When the eggs were treated in 22.5~27.5°C, all eggs were hatched within 10 days. As larval development, shorter developmental period, higher pupation and eclosion rates were observed within 25~27.5°C temperature range. In addition, we compared the number of egg, oviposition duration and time required to start egg-laying. The minimum egg-laying(258.40±10.86) was observed at 17.5°C, but the maximum(749.10±7.45) was at 27.5°C. The maximum oviposition duration (137.00±12.73 day (mean±S.D.)) was achieved at 27.5°C, but the minimum (87.50±3.54 day (mean±S.D.)) was at 30°C. The time required to start egg-laying was less than 10 days at 17.5, 27.5, and 30°C. To consider all the factors, we concluded that the optimal temperature is 27.5 °C.
236.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Effect of sawdust particle size on larval growth and oviposition preference of Protaetia brevitarsis
In general, the larvae of Protaetia brevitarsis is raised on fermented oakwood sawdust. Many attempts have been to changes components sawdust, such as using other tree instead of oakwood or adding another material. Like this some study exists, about 'component' of sawdust, however little is known of relation between larval growth and quality of sawdust. The phenomenon-big particle size sawdust flows up on excrement from the larvae-is occurring in used sawdust for raising the larvae. This study was conducted to observe the larvae and adult of Protaetia brevitarsis act according to each sawdust particle size. We conducted choice experiments with Protaetia brevitarsis, which were offered sawdust differing in particle size. Females preferred to lay their eggs on the fine particle sawdust. Also in the case of larvae, the more fine sawdust particle has the more high level of preference, and so is hatchability. Especially larvae tend to be slanted toward finer sawdust. Growth rate of the larvae was shown the highest level in the finest sawdust just as others do. These results show that fine sawdust particle size is advantage for larval development and oviposition.
237.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Xue Wang, Karuppasamy Sankarapandian, Yizhe Cheng, Soon Ok Woo, Hyung Wook Kwon, Haribalan Perumalsamy, Young-Joon Ahn
Propolis collected from botanical sources by honey bee, has been used as a popular natural remedies in folk medicine throughout the world. This study was conducted to assess growth inhibitory effects of ethanol extracts of propolis (EEPs) from 20 different regions in South Korea on human intestinal bacteria as well as BACE-1, AChE inhibitory, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and anti-human rhinovirus activities. Correlation coefficient (r) analysis of the biological activities of EEP samples was determined using their 50% inhibition concentration or minimal inhibitory concentration values and their polyphenol or flavonoid contents in 20 Korean EEP samples. Correlation coefficient analysis showed that total polyphenol contents may be negatively correlated with DPPH free radical scavenging activity (r = –0.872) and total flavonoid content has no correlation with the activity (r = 0.071). No direct correlation between BACE-1 inhibition, AChE inhibition, or antiproliferative activity and total polyphenol or total flavonoid content in Korean EEP samples was found.
238.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
The post-hibernated queens of Korean native bumblebee, Bombus hypocrita saporoensis were collected in Jeong-Sun, Korea to investigate their ecological characteristics and reared under the laboratory conditions; 27℃, 65% R.H. and darkness. The average weight of collected queens was 0.87±0.14g and 0.8g class was most abundant (34.7%) among eight weight classes. The rates of colony initiation, colony foundation and progeny-queen production were 76.3%, 60.0% and 42.5%, respectively. The durations up to colony initiation and colony foundation were 12.0±6.7 days and 49.3±2.4 days, respectively. The duration up to first worker, male and queen emergence were 22.2±3.0 days, 63.4±6.5 days and 63.5±8.7 days, respectively. The number of progenies was 108.5±26.0 workers, 186.7±70.7 males and 39.1±30.3 queens. The longevity of colony founded queen was 90.2±19.9 days whereas that of non-colonized queen was 35.9±30.3 days. Copulation time was 29.5±9.6 min. The number of eggs per egg cell laid new queen was 9.3±2.3 grains. An egg shaped as banana and it’s size was 1.12±0.10 mm in a width, 3.54± 0.16 mm in a length and 2.26±0.34 mg in a weight.
239.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Bees of the genus Osmia are cavity-nesting solitary species that play important roles as pollinators. Nest traps are one of the most common methods to study Osmia bees. To elucidate the optimal environmental conditions of nesting sites, we investigated the effects of location, direction, altitude, and sites of nest traps on the rate of trap-nesting Osmia spp. During the collection period, the average rate of trap-nesting Osmia spp. collected within 90 days after the installation of traps was 17.0±20.0%. This percentage was 2.7-fold higher than that of trap-nesting bees in 30 days after the installation of traps. The Jeongseon location exhibited the highest rates of trap-nesting Osmia spp. collected in 30 and 90 days, representing 11.1 ±17.6% and 23.2±22.5%, respectively. The direction of the nest traps did not affect the rate of trap-nesting Osmia spp. The altitude ranges of the traps were 0-199 m, 200-399 m, 400-599 m, 600-799 m and over 800 m. Interestingly, the altitude range of 600-799 m showed the highest rate of trap-nesting bees, which was 40.4±3.9%. Higher altitudes seemed to correspond to higher rates of trap-nesting bees. With regards to the sites where the nests were placed, the rate of trap-nesting bees in a mud wall of an old house was 45.1±25.2%, which was 3-fold higher than that of a nest in an apple orchard. The flowering plants collected at different locations during the trap-nesting activity of Osmia bees belonged to 18 families and 34 species. In conclusion, the rates of trap nests colonized by Osmia spp. were affected by altitude, site, and plant diversity.
240.
2015.10
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
The Osmia cornifrons plays an important role in pollinating fruit trees, such as apple trees. To better understand diapause and oviposition in O. cornifrons, we investigated the correlation between the ovarian development and secretion level of OcVg protein in hemolymph. During ovarian development in wintering the number of oocytes progressively increased in comparison with the length of the ovaries and the oocytes. After emergence, the oocyte and ovary sizes developed until 6 days after emergence and declined after 6 days, but the number of oocytes decreased gradually. The secretion level of OcVg protein in hemolymph revealed that during wintering, the secretion level increased from 1 month to 2 months and then stagnated after 2 months. After diapause, the secretion level increased gradually until day 6 of the newly emerged adult from cocoon stage, and thereafter gradually declined, remaining detectable until day 30 of the adult stage. The correction analysis between ovarian development and OcVg secretion level in hemolymph found that in wintering, the number of oocytes was positively correlated to OcVg secretion level. After diapause, the ovary and first oocyte lengths and the number of oocytes showed significant changes in OcVg secretion level and positively correlated with OcVg secretion level, respectively. These results suggest that there is a significant interaction between ovarian development and the secretion level of OcVg protein and the pattern of ovarian development and secretion of OcVg protein are stage-specific in the O. cornifrons female.
