The purpose of this study was to investigate how constructs of job embeddedness (fit, links and sacrifice) affected innovation-related behaviors. This study also investigated the relationship between innovation-related behaviors and turnover intention. The samples of this study were employees of Daegu City restaurants who visited the 2010 Daegu Food Tour Expo on October 7-10. A total of 302 questionnaires were analyzed with the statistical methods of factor analysis, reliability test, and covariance structural analysis. There were two findings of the research. First, we found that fits, links, and sacrifice were positively related to innovation-related behaviors. Second, we found that innovation-related behaviors were negatively related to turnover intention. Therefore, restaurant managers in Daegu City should pay attention to providing employee organization that helps them to first in, makes sure that they have lots of links with other employees, and bestows as many wage and fringe benefits as possible. Also, restaurant managers should reward the innovation-related behaviors of employees.

The two purposes of this study were to understand service encounters in Korean restaurants by foreigners living in Korea and to examine the effect of service encounters on the customer's emotion feelings, customer satisfaction, and behavioral intention. Based on the reactions of a total of 614 foreigners obtained by empirical research, this study reviews the reliability and fitness of the research model, and verifies a total of 4 hypotheses using the Amos program. The hypothesized relationships in the model were tested simultaneously using a structural equation model (SEM). The proposed model provided an adequate fit to the data: χ2 683.466 (df=216), CMIN/df 3.164, RMR 0.095, GFI 0.911, AGFI 0.886, NFI 0.933, CFI 0.953, and RMSEA 0.059. As a result of empirical analysis, the physical environment, interactions with employees, and interactions with other customers were quantified as service encounter factors in Korean restaurants. These factors were indicated to have an influence on customer's emotion feelings. Also, customer's emotion feelings had a positive influence on customer satisfaction and behavioral intent. Limitations and future research are also discussed.

This study attempted to identify differences in Korean food consumption behaviors between groups of Japanese consumers segmented in accordance to their food-related lifestyles. This study was performed to provide Korean food service companies basic information to implement a strategy for the globalization of Korean food. As a result of the empirical analysis, the food-related lifestyles of Japanese consumers were deduced to the following four factors: "health and safetyoriented lifestyle", "palate and safety-oriented lifestyle", "economic efficiency-oriented lifestyle", and "simplicity-oriented lifestyle". Further, as a result of the cluster analysis, food-related lifestyles were classified into the following three groups: "a group highly interested in food-related life", "an economic efficiency-oriented group", and "a simplicity-oriented group". Second, there were significant differences in demographic characteristics and the characteristics of Korean food consumption behaviors between the groups. Third, also in a comparison of satisfaction with and loyalty to Korean restaurants with crucial attributes during the selection of Korean food, there were significant differences between the groups. Therefore, it is necessary to develop various Korean food products that will cater to Japanese consumers in accordance with each segmented group.

The aim of this study was to classify Korean consumers based on their food-related lifestyle type, and to investigate the relationship between sushi consumption and food-related lifestyle type. Self-reported questionnaires were completed by 300 Korean adults. The SPSS 18.0 program was used to analyze the samples. Data was analyzed by frequency, descriptive factor, reliability, cluster analysis, ANOVA, and chi-square test. A factor analysis extracted four factors comprising foodrelated lifestyle, which we named Health-seeking (factor 1), Taste-seeking (factor 2), Convenience-seeking (factor 3), and Economy-seeking (factor 4). According to a cluster analysis based on those four factors, consumers were classified into three clusters. Cluster 1 was the Taste and Health-seeking cluster, Cluster 2 was the Convenience-seeking cluster, and Cluster 3 was the Passive Eating Habits cluster. The results also indicated that the selection attributes of each cluster were significantly different in terms of perception, the global state of sushi, sushi preference, frequency, companions, place of sushi consumption, and preference for different sushi sub-ingredients. Based on these results, consumer characteristics in the sushi market are discussed.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relations of breakfast skipping and dietary habits according to breakfast intake frequency. Subjects were 5th and 6th graders of elementary school(n=423) in Gyeonggi area. As a result of analyzing the breakfast intake frequency, ``Having everyday`` showed the highest 63.4%, followed by ``4~6 times`` 16.5%, ``2~3 times`` 13.5% and ``0~1 times`` 6.6%. As a result of analyzing the relations between mother and child in the breakfast intake frequency, it showed that the more mothers skipped breakfast, the more their children skipped it. For the reason of skipping breakfast, ``To be in time for school`` showed the highest percentage. As a result of analyzing the perception of awareness for the importance of nutrition and dietary habit according to the breakfast intake frequency, there was a statistically significant difference in breakfast intake, dietary habits, selection and intake of proper food, disease and health problem according to the breakfast intake frequency. As a result of study, it is necessary that nutrition education should not be limited to children but expanded to their parents in order to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of nutrition education between school and home.

 ,  , To investigate host preferencse of Myzus persicae on 15 sweet pepper cultivars grown in Jeonnam Province, EPG (electrical penetration graph) and life table experiments were carried out in the laboratory. Phloem phase times were significantly longer on Ferrari, Jinju, Debla, and Rapido than Orobell and Thialf. Non-penetration times were conversely observed. Life span, reproduction period, total fecundity, and intrinsic rate of increase (r<, SUB>, m<, /SUB>, ) of M. persicae, were higher on Ferrari, Debla, Orange glory, and Jinju than on Purple, GreenAce, Orobell, and Thialf. On the bases of these results, we conclude that M. persicae preferred Ferrari, Jinju, Orange glory, and Debla among the 15 tested sweet pepper varieties. However, we could not show the preference of the aphid for Purple, Orobell, and Thialf.

본 연구의 목적은 스마트폰 사용자의 모바일 광고에 대한 물리적 회피와 인지적 회피에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하는 것이다. 본 연구의 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 모바일 광고에서 느끼는 오락성과 개인성은 광고인식에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나 침입성에 대한 인식에는 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으 로 나타났다. 둘째, 스마트폰 사용자의 미디어 이용 동기와 미디어 이용능력은 광 고인식과 침입성인식모두에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 모바일광고의 침입성과 광고인식은 각각 모바일 광고의 회피 행동에 유의미한 영 향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 물리적 회피에 있어서 침입성 인식은 정적인 영향 을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 광고 인식은 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 인지적 회피에서는 침입성 인식과 광고 인식 모두 유의미한 영향을 미치 는 것으로 나타났다. 침입성 인식은 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나 반 면 광고 인식은 인지적 회피 행동에 부적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study was to examine drivers’ driving behaviors and eye-movements according to driving speed and navigation-position while operation of the navigation in driving. For this purpose, two driving conditions (low-speed and high-speed) and

그동안 어린이 교통안전 관련 자료 및 정책수립은 교통사고 발생 후 교통사고 건수 및 발생현황 중심으로 이루어져 왔으나 개별 어린이의 교통사고 노출 가능성 정도를 미리 진단함으로써 전체 어린이 가운데 위험정도가 높은 어린이들을 분류하여 이들에 대한 교통사고 예방교육에 주의를 기울일 필요가 있다. 이에 어린이의 교통안전행동을 측정함으로써 위험에 노출될 가능성 정도를 미리 파악할 수 있는 측정도구를 개발하는데 연구의 목적을 두고 있다. 예비검사용 문항(259문항)으로 서울시와 광역시 소재 초등학교 2곳을 임의 선정하여 총 600명을 대상으로 예비검사를 실시하였으며, 본검사는 약 3,500명을 대상으로 저학년은 53문항을, 고학년은 72문항을 사용하여 실시하였다. 연구결과 저학년용은 4개요인(행동통제부족성향, 공격성향, 자기 조절성향, 충동성향)으로 44문항을 추출하였고, 고학년용은 4개요인(행동통제부족성향, 우울성향, 자극추구성향, 공격성향)으로 69문항을 추출하였다. 교통안전행동에 문제를 지닌 학생과 문제를 가지지 않은 학생을 구분하기 위한 기준점수 산출시 남녀간 성별 차이를 고려하였다. 이로써 산출된 저학년용의 남자 어린이 기준점수는 63점, 여자 어린이 기준점수는 50점이다. 그리고 고학년용 남자 어린이 기준점수는 110점, 여자 어린이 기준점수는 99점이다.

Simulation technique for the fish behavior was applied to estimate fish school movement in the cage net. Individual-based fish behavior model (Huth and Wessel, 1991) was evaluated in a free area to understand the characteristics for the model, and the movement in the cage net was simulated by defining the fish reaction against the displacement of cage net. As a result, the distance to the net was not considerably changed and the space among fishes in cage net was slightly decreased by reducing the net space. Swimming area was, however, significantly affected by changing the net space and the relationship between swimming area and net displacement was theoretically estimated as y=-0.21x+1.02 (R2=0.96). these results leads the conclusion that individual-based model was appropriated to describe the fish school reaction in the cage net and be able to use for evaluating the influence on cultured fish.

서 론 모든 종류의 곰에 있어서 태아성장(embryonic growth)은 약 2개월 걸리지만, 착상지연(着床遲延/ delayed implantation) 현상에 의해서 전체적인 임신기간은 훨씬 길다. 곰은 보통 여름에 짝짓기를 하지만, 수정란(fertilized egg)이 자궁 속 에 착상되는 것은 통상 먹이를 충분히 취하여 영양상태가 양호한 늦가을 이후, 즉 동면 직전에 이루어진다. 영양적으 로 최고의 컨디션에 있을 때만 번식과정이 진행되며, 만일 먹이가 부족했거나 영양이 결핍되었을 경우에는 수정란 (fertilized ovum)이 몸에 흡수되어 임신이 중절된다. 이러 한 착상지연 현상은 짝짓기 기간과 출산시간을 최적화 (optimizing)하기 위하여 자기 신체의 생리를 자연환경에 절묘하게 적응시킨 결과이며, 박쥐, 밍크, 오소리, 스컹크, 노루, 캉가루, 바다표범 등에서도 나타난다(Renfree et al. 1981). 보통 암컷새끼는 어미 곰의 영역 내 또는 주변에서 살지 만, 수컷새끼는 자기영역을 개척하러 멀리 나간다. 이 때 분산 활동에 나서는 어린 수컷 곰의 사망률이 매우 높은데, 분산(독립)활동에 나서는 젊은 곰(특히 수컷 곰)들은 호기 심은 많으나 경험이 없어 농작물, 야영장 등에 접근하거나, 다른 어른 곰들의 영역을 피하여 서식지의 경계선(marginal habitat)에서 주로 활동하여 사람과 충돌하는 수가 많아 쉽 게 죽음(사냥)에 이르는 경우가 많다(Kevin Van Tighem, 1999). 새끼 곰은 출생 이후 수 개월간 가장 위험한 상황에 처해 지며, 따라서 어미로부터의 세심한 보호가 필요하다. 아메 리카흑곰의 경우 대체적으로 새끼 곰 25%가 생후 1년 이내 에 사망하며, 1년을 넘긴 어린 곰 중 33%가 다음 해에 사망 한다. 따라서 3년 이상을 생존하는 새끼 곰은 50%에 불과하 다(Gary Brown, 1993). 이러한 이유들로 인하여 본 연구에서는 2009년 2월 첫 출산 개체 이후 꾸준히 늘어나고 있는 해당 개체들의 행동 특성을 분석하여 이를 바탕으로 복원사업 추진과정에 기초 자료로 활용하고자 한다. 연구내용 및 방법 2009년 2월 NF-08 개체와 NF-10 개체의 출산을 시작으 로 2004년 복원사업을 시작한 이후 지리산에서 활동 중인 개체들이 새끼를 출산하기 시작하였다. 이후 매년 태어나는 새끼 및 출산개체들에 대한 무선위치추적 데이터를 정리하여 Home-range 및 일일 이동거리, 활동고도 등을 분석하여 각각의 데이터를 비교하였다. 분석에 사용된 프로그램은 ArcGIS 10 및 Home-Range Tools를 사용하였고 수치지도 는 국토지리정보원의 1/25,000(GRS80)을 사용하였다. RF-18 개체의 경우 첫 동면 기간(09~10)중 2마리의 새끼 를 출산한 것으로 확인했지만 이후 발신기 장착을 위한 동 면 굴 포획 작업 시(10~11) 새끼가 한 마리밖에 없었으며, 한 마리는 사망한 것으로 추정된다. RF-21 개체의 경우 아 직까지 발신기 부착을 위한 포획을 하지 않아 성별 확인을 하지 못한 상태이며, RF-25 개체의 경우 발신기 부착을 위 한 동면 굴 포획 작업 시 새끼가 있는 것을 확인하였으며, 성별만 확인한 후 발신기는 장착하지 않았다. RF-21, RF-25 개체 모두 새끼와 같이 있는 것으로 모니터링 되고 있으며 11~12 동면 기간 내에 발신기를 부착할 예정이다. 결과 및 고찰 1. 행동권 분석 출산 연도는 다르지만 새끼를 낳은 그해 겨울철 행동권을 분석해 본 결과, RF-18 개체의 경우 95%MCP는 0.43㎢, RF-21 2.09㎢, RF-25 0.03㎢로 분석되었으며, 핵심지역 (Core-area)이라 할 수 있는 Fixed Kernel 50%의 경우 RF-18개체 0.31㎢, RF-21 0.67㎢, RF-25 0.02㎢로 분석되 었다. 겨울 및 봄철 행동권 크기는 차이가 크게 나지 않았지만 여름철 행동권 95%MCP의 경우 RF-18 개체가 61.92㎢로 다른 두 개체보다 크게 차이가 나는 것으로 분석되었는데, 이 기간 동안 수컷 개체(RM-02, RM-19)들과의 충돌 때문 인 것으로 사료되며 향후 같은 조건에서 해당개체들에 대한 집중모니터링을 통해 좀 더 명확한 이유를 밝히도록 해야 할 필요가 있다. KM-32 개체는 2005년 7월 회수되어 증식용으로 관리하 던 RF-04 개체의 새끼로 국립공원관리공단 국립공원종복 원센터 생태학습장 내에 있는 증식장에서 태어났으며, KF-33 개체는 지리산에서 활동 중인 개체들 중 RF-18 개체 의 새끼로 동면 중에 확인되었다. 다른 환경에서 태어난 개 체들 간의 평균 행동권을 살펴보면, 어미와 같이 활동하던 KF-33의 행동권이 동면중(겨울철)에는 어미가 없는 KM-32 보다 좁게 분석되었지만, 봄, 여름철 행동권은 어미 와 같이 활동하던 KF-33의 행동권이 전체적으로 넓게 분석 되었다. RF-18 개체의 행동권 역시 같은 시기의 다른 어미 개체들과 크게 차이가 나는 것으로 보아 새끼 개체들 간의 직접적인 비교는 어려울 것으로 사료된다. 이는 분산(독립) 활동에 나서는 수컷 새끼 곰들의 행동권이 넓었다는 외국 사례와는 다른 결과이긴 하지만 샘플수가 적고 개체마다의 차이가 존재하기 때문에 향 후 좀 더 많은 샘플을 분석해 비교해 봐야 할 것이다. 2. 활동고도 RF-18 개체와 RF-25 개체의 경우 활동고도가 차이가 나 지만 계절별 패턴은 같은 것으로 분석되었지만 RF-21 개체 의 경우 다른 두 개체들과는 다르게 동면 굴의 고도가 낮아 겨울에서 봄으로 이어지는 시기에 큰 차이를 보이는 것으로 분석되었다. 같은 해에 태어났지만 태어난 환경이 서로 다른 두 새끼 개체의 경우 봄철 서식 활동고도가 차이나 많이 나는 것으 로 분석되었다. 겨울철 KM-32 개체의 활동고도가 좀 더 높았으나 여름철의 경우에는 KF-33 개체의 활동 고도가 좀 더 높았다. 어미가 없는 KM-32 개체의 경우 동면을 마치 고 꾸준히 활동고도가 증가하는 패턴을 보였으며, 어미와 함께 활동하던 KF-33 개체의 경우에는 겨울에서 봄철 감소하다가 다시 여름철 크게 증가하는 패턴을 보이는 것으로 분석되었다. 3. 이동거리 출산 개체들 모두 겨울철 동면을 마치고 봄철을 거쳐 여 름시기동안 이동거리가 증가하는 것으로 분석되었으며, RF-25 개체의 경우 봄철에서 여름철 이동거리가 다른 개체 에 비해 크게 증가하는 결과를 보였다. KM-32 개체의 경우 이동거리에서도 어미와 함께 생활하는 KF-33 개체와는 전 혀 다른 패턴을 보였다. 동면시기인 겨울철 이동거리가 KF-33 개체와 차이가 많이 나는 것은 동면을 준비하는 과 정(동면 굴 선택, 동면을 위한 먹이활동 등)이 KM-32 개체 는 쉽지 않았을 거라 사료된다. 4. 분산(독립)활동 KF-33 개체는 RF-18 개체의 살아남은 새끼 개체로써 10~11시즌 동 면굴 포획 작업시 모니터링을 위한 귀 발신기 를 부착하였다. KF-33개체의 분산(독립)활동에 대한 모니 터링 결과 2011년 5월 28일 어미개체와 완전히 분산(독립) 하였으며 이후 2011년 10월 현재 단독생활을 하고 있다. 참고문헌 국립공원관리공단 멸종위기종복원센터. 2010. 2009연간실적보 고서 국립공원관리공단 멸종위기종복원센터. 2011. 2010연간실적보 고서 신용석. 2004. 곰에관한 글모음. 국립공원관리공단 지리산남부관리 사무소 양두하. 2008. 지리산국립공원에 방사된 반달가슴곰의 생태적 특성 에 관한 연구. 경남대학교 대학원 박사학위논문 Kevin Van Tighem, 1999, Bears, Altitude Publishing : 71. Gary Brown, 1993, The great bear almanac, The Lyons Press : 139-140.

본 연구는 지리산국립공원에 방사한 반달가슴곰 개체군 보전과 복원을 위한 서식지로서의 여건을 객관적으로 평가하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 조사는 2008년부터 2010년까지 방사된 반달가슴곰 개체가 확인된 피아골, 빗점, 장당골, 뱀사골, 한신계곡, 칠선계곡에서 이루어졌다. 반달가슴곰의 조사연도별 행동권 크기에서는 뚜렷한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 95% Minimum Convex Polygon(MCP)법으로 분석한 계절별 행동권 크기는 수컷이 봄 25.64 ㎢, 여름 73.02 ㎢, 가을 41.58 ㎢, 겨울 6.11 ㎢이었고, 암컷은 봄 17.57 ㎢, 여름 27.45 ㎢, 가을 13.26 ㎢, 겨울 2.89 ㎢으로 수컷의 행동권이 암컷보다 큰 것으로 나타났다. 반달가슴곰의 성별 행동고도는 수컷이 암컷보다 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 계절별 평균 행동고도는 봄 894±33 m, 여름 852±20 m, 가을 985±67 m, 겨울 996±26 m로 나타나 반달가슴곰은 겨울에 다른 계절에 비해 가장 높은 행동고도를 가지는 것으로 분석되었다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of appearance concern and body satisfaction on the appearance management behavior of male college students. For data collection, a questionnaire was administrated to 538 male college students in Gwangju city, Korea, from June 1 to June 20, 2011. To analyze the data, the SPSS 18.0 statistics package was used, and descriptive statistical analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis(Cronbach' α), regression analysis, path analysis, and t-test were conducted. The results were as follows. First, it appeared that concern of appearance had positive influences on the appearance management behavior. Also, there was a significant difference between the high-appearance-concern group and the low-appearance-concern group, as the high-appearance-concern group generally conducted greater appearance management behaviors than the low-appearanceconcern group. Second, it appeared that concern of appearance had positive influences on body satisfaction, especially, on the aspect of face-satisfaction. Further, the results showed that the high-appearance-concern group seemed to have a higher body satisfaction than the low-appearance-concern group. Third, the result suggested that body satisfaction generally had positive influences on the aspects of appearance management behavior. Fourth, it was found that appearance concern had direct impact on the appearances management behavior without mediation body satisfaction.

The purpose of this study was to examine the outdoor sportswear purchase behavior, outdoorwear sportswear brand preference, functional fabric awareness, and benefits sought. The research was performed through in-depth interview during February to March 2011. Data were collected from 10 consumers who had purchased outdoor sportswear and experienced camping in 6 months. First, the results from study showed that functionality/comfortability, design, color, and brand name were important factors in selecting outdoor sportswear. Offline stores were the main place to purchase, however, internet shopping mall and portal online community were another shopping channel as well. Second, respondents preferred imported outdoor sportswear brand to national brand. According to the study, the respondents trusted the imported outdoor sportswear quality based on the brand name, value, and brand history more than national brand. Third, consumers who had low functional fabric awareness were more likely to evaluate apparel products based on the brand name. Knowledge levels for textile functions were high in elastic, UV protection, air permeable, and antibacterial properties. The essential features for camping were water absorbing and quick dry, water resistance, wind proof, UV protection, and fire retardant properties. Finally the results showed that there were two sportswear benefit soughts: functionality and status ostentation.

The purpose of this study was to find discover the effects of self-efficacy and self-esteem on the appearance management behavior of female college students. As for the study method, questionnaire survey sheets on general traits like age, grade year, major and management cost, sense of self-efficacy, self-esteem, and appearance management behavior were distributed to female college students. The responses were measured based on a 5-points Likert scale. The results of this study are as follow: One’s sense of social self-efficacy and self-esteem were both found to affect appearance management behavior significantly. In other words, the greater one’s sense of social self-efficacy, which represents one's sense of confidence in inter-personal relations, the greater one’s appearance management behaviors to enhance her own value. Furthermore, the greater one’s self-esteem(the way one feels positively about oneself), the greater one’s appearance management behaviors. As a result, it can be judged that the more an individual wants to act more capable in different contexts, the more she tries to make up for her own disadvantage. To highlight her own advantages for the sake of greater positive social activities and inter-personal relation, the more she takes to improve her image through appearance management behaviors. It is anticipated that such an examination of appearance management behavior, sense of self-efficacy and self-esteem among female college students will serve as useful data for appearance-related industries by enabling them to properly under stand their clientele’s psychological traits.

The purposes of this study were to identify point makeup purchasing and using behavior according to the personal color awareness. Most women considered their favorite color first when purchasing lipsticks and skin color when purchasing cheek powder or foundation. They considered makeup concept first when applying lipsticks, eye shadows, and cheek powder but skin color applying foundations and manicures. Factors of personal color awareness were preferences & utilization awareness, other’s advice, and direct awareness, and were segmented into PC intermediate group, high PC group, and PC retard group. PC intermediate group were in the late 20’s and the early 30’s, average incomes with high education, and patronized discount stores for point makeups, used fashion color as a criterion when selecting lipsticks, foundations, and manicures, apparel color when applying eye shadows, skin color when applying cheek creams, and preferred imported lipsticks and manicures. High PC group were among unmarried women in the early 20’s, university students, high income households with medium level of pocket money, spent more for point makeup, and patronized department stores and internet shopping mall, used skin color or fashion color as criteria when selecting point makeup, referenced makeup concept when applying point makeup, preferred imported point makeup. PC retard group were among married women in the late 30’s with low education and low income, spent less for point makeup and pocket money, and selected domestic point makeup, used their favorite color as a criterion when selecting point makeups and apparel color when applying lipsticks and cheek creams.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the snack and beverage intake patterns of students by body mass index groups (BMI 〈18.5, 18.5-23, 23-30, ≥30). Questionnaires were completed by 1381 high school students in Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi-do, the area of Korea's capital region. There were no significant differences in skipping meals for overweight (BMI 23-30 and ≥30) or under-nourished (BMI 〈18.5) students. Girls skipped dinner more frequently than boys. Boys and girls both preferred meat and disliked fish regardless of BMI. Girls with BMI 23-30 disliked vegetables. Boys and girls would rather have crackers, candies, and chocolates than potatoes as snacks regardless of BMI. Obese boys (BMI ≥30) preferred flour-based food, fast food, and other food as snacks. Girls liked fruits more than boys. Snacks were eaten 2-3 times per week, when students were hungry or bored. There were no significant differences in the frequency or reasons (habitual, stressed) for snack consumption by BMI. Girls liked juice more than boys did, and boys preferred soda water more than girls did. Both the under-nourished (BMI 〈18.5) boy and girl groups had more juice than the overweight (BMI 23-30 and ≥30) groups. Obese (BMI ≥30) boys did not more drink soda water than other BMI groups. The under-nourished (BMI 〈18.5) boy group had more soda water than the normal (BMI 18.5-23) and overweight (BMI 23-30) groups. Girls in the overweight (BMI 23-30) group had 2 more cups of soda water a day than the normal group (BMI 18.5-23). Therefore, skipping meals and beverage intake patterns might influence BMI.

꼬마배나무이(Cacopsylla pyricola)는 최근 들어 배과원에 발생량이 증가하면서 그 피해가 점차 증가하는 경향을 보이고 있다. 이에 따라 꼬마배나무이를 방제하기 위한 살충제들이 많이 등록되어 사용되고 있으며, 그 방제 효과 또한 우수한 것으로 평가 되고 있다. 본 실험은 이러한 살충제들의 살포에 따른 꼬마배나무이의 섭식행동을 관찰하고 분석하여 방제의 효율성을 증가시키는데 목적이 있다. 작용기작이 서로 다른 침투이행성 살충제 3종을 선발하여 약효에 대한 생물검정을 실시하였고, 섭식행동을 관찰하기 위하여 EPG기술을 이용하여 수행하였다. 실험에 사용된 배는 신고이며, 살충제는 작용기작이 서로 다른 carbamate계통의 benfuracarb, neonicotinoid계통의 imidacloprid, pyridincarboxamid계통의 flonicamid를 사용하였다. 꼬마배나무이에 대한 약효는 3가지 약제간의 큰 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 5시간 동안 기록된 꼬마배나무이의 EPG 패턴을 분석하여 보면, 탐침 횟수, 첫 체관부 섭식 시간은 무처리구와 3가지 약제간의 유의성이 나타나지 않았다. 총 구침을 빼고 있는 시간(Np), 총 체관부 섭식 시간(PD+PE1+PE2), 체관부 섭식 횟수는 무처리구와 3가지 약제의 유의성은 나타났지만, 3가지 약제간의 유의성은 나타나지 않았다. 총 물관부 섭식 시간(PG)은 무처리구와 3가지 약제의 유의성이 나타났고 3가지 약제간 유의성이 나타났다. 따라서 살충제의 계통이 다르고, 살충기작이 다르다고 하여도 해충이 받아드리는 독성분에 대한 반응은 거의 유사한 경향으로 나타나는 것으로 추정된다.

The purpose of this research was to study food behaviors and nutrient intakes according to body mass index(BMI) and body image recognition in 211 female university students in Incheon. The majority of the surveyed subjects were in the normal range for BMI. Most of these female university students preferred a thin body type and were not satisfied with their body shapes. Most also controlled their body weight for appearance by exercising and limiting food intake. The obese group often ate processed foods(p<0.01) and ate out(p<0.05). The underweight group and normal-weight group took vitamins and supplements more frequently(p<0.001). Those students who recognized their body image as a ``fat shape`` had good appetites(p<0.05) and those who recognized themselves as ``normal shape`` considered food formulations ate every meal (p<0.05) and consumed vitamins and other supplements frequently(p<0.01). The mean calorie intake of all students was about 80% of the recommend amount, so there was a risk of lack of various nutrients. The ``fat`` students by body image recognition had lower calorie intakes in order to reduce body weight. In all the groups, there was a lack of vitamins B1 and B2, as well as the minerals Ca and Fe. Therefore, education on correct body image recognition and training on proper weight control are deemed necessary. In addition, education and counseling on nutrition that are tailored to individual status are needed.