‘Jungmo2501’ (Avena sativa L.), a winter oat for forage use, was developed by the breeding team at the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2010. The following is the characteristics of ‘Jungmo2501’ that is characterized as light green leaf, yellow brown culm and whitish yellow grain. The heading date of ‘Jungmo2501’ was about 3 days earlier than that of check cultivar ‘Samhan’(May 7 and May 10, respectively). Its plant height was 11 cm longer than 103 cm of the check, and the leaf blade ratio of aerial parts was 26 % higher than the check (11.8% and 9.4%, respectively). The cold tolerance, resistance to lodging and wet injury of ‘Jungmo2501’ were similar to those of the check. The average forage dry matter yield of ‘Jungmo2501’ harvested at milk-ripe stage was 5% higher than the check (15.5 ton ha -1 and 14.7 ton ha -1 , respectively). ‘Jungmo2501’ was higher than the check in terms of protein content (6.6% and 5.9%, respectively), neutral detergent fiber (58.5% and 57.6%, respectively), and acid detergent fiber (34.5% and 32.1%, respectively), while total digestible nutrients was lower than the check (61.6% and 63.6%, respectively), and TDN yield was 0.37 ton ha -1 more than that of the check (9.71 ton ha -1 and 9.34 ton ha -1 , respectively). The silage grade of ‘Jungmo2501’ estimated by Flig score showed level Ⅱ, meaning good quality. Fall sowing cropping of ‘Jun

Consumption of oat-based food is rapidly increasing due to consumer preference for functional foods. Until now, breeding is focused on the development of naked oat for food in Korea. Hulled oats recognized as forage have strong merits for yield and stability in cultivation except milling properties. Lately, advanced milling technology provides an opportunity to use hulled oats for food. Therefore, the processing characteristics of hulled oats are of great importance for food use. This study examined the physicochemical properties and dietary fiber of 9 Korean oat cultivars (4 hulled oats as compared with 5 naked oat cultivars). Findings showed that the color values (i.e. L and W) of hulled oat cultivars in seed and flours are lighter than the naked oats. The protein and ash contents are higher in hulled oats as compared with naked oats. The unsaturated fatty acid (USFA), mainly C18:1, C18:2 were 80~83%. USFA of ‘Daeyang’ (DY, naked) and ‘Jopung’ (JP, hulled) were 82.0 and 81.9% respectively. Total Dietary fiber and Total β-Glucan contents ranged from 13.2 to 20.6% and from 3.4 to 4.1% in oat flours. The ‘DY’ (4.10%, naked), ‘JP’(4.09%, hulled) and Highspeed (4.07%, hulled) showed high levels of β-Glucan contents. Findings of the study will provide useful information in extending the use of hulled oats for food.

This study was conducted to investigate the mixed seeding of 5 forage barley varieties (youngyang, yuyeon, dami, wooho, soman) with 1 malting barley variety (hopum). Yield of the mixed seeding was compared with each single seeding and variety combinations. Yield of mixed seeding combination was higher than each single seeding. In mixed seeding of ‘Youngyang’ and ‘Hopum’ (50% and 50% ratio), ‘Yuyeon’ and ‘Hopum’ (70% and 30% ratio), ‘Dami’ and ‘Hopum’ (50% and 50% ratio), ‘Wooho’ and ‘Hopum’ (50% and 50% ratio) were higher yield of dry weight than yield of other mixed ratios. Most of all, mixed seeding of ‘Dami’ and ‘Hopum’ were high yield mixed seeding (ratios of 50% each other). In generally, the yields of barley mixed seeding with malting barley ‘Hopum’ were high production. The forage quality of mixed seeding combination was higher than any each single seeding. ‘Youyeon’ 50% and ‘Hopum’ 50% ratio was more higher

총체생산성이 높은 밀품종을 육성하기 위해 장간, 다수성인 Kanto75/8/탑동밀/4/Bb#1/장광//STRAMCHO/3/수원220호/5/수원185호/CI 12703//관동75호///수원219호/7/F 1277에서 유래한 우량계통을 모본으로 하고, 중단간이면서 농업적 특성이 우수한 식용 밀 표준품종인 금강밀을 부본으로 하여 1998년에 농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원에서 육성하였다. 계통육종법으로 전개하여 초형이 우수하고, 장간인 SW98008-YB-7-5-1-1-2 계통을 선발하였다. 3년간 생산력검정 예비시험과 생산력 검정 본시험을 실시한 결과, 총체수량이 우수하여 ‘익산326호’로 계통명을 부여하였다. 2008년부터 2009년까지 지역적응성 시험을 수행하여 총체수량성이 높고 한해에 강한 계통으로 입증되어 2009년 12월 직무육성품종선정심의회에서 신품종으로 선정됨과 동시에 ‘청우’로 명명하였다. 그 후 국립종자원의 재배심사를 거쳐 2013년 종자산업법 제55조에 따라 품종보호 등록원부에 등록(품종보호 제4311호) 되었다. ‘청우’는 잎색이 진녹색이고, 잎폭은 중간 정도이며, 줄기는 길고 직립형태는 중간 정도로 뻗은 형태이다. 이삭은 중간 정도의 길이고, 이삭의 까락은 황백색이고 길이가 길며, 종실의 크기는 중간 정도이고, 종실색은 백색을 띄는 백립계이다. 출수기는 밭상태에서 4월 22일로 대비품종인 금강밀보다 1일 빠르고, 논상태에서 4월 24일로 금강밀과 유사하였다. 황숙기는 밭상태에서 5월 19일로 금강밀보다 2일 빠르고, 논상태에서 5월 22일로 1일 빠르다. 초장은 91 cm로 표준품종인 금강밀보다 장간형이고, 수장은 7.1 cm로 금강밀보다 0.9 cm 작은 편이지만, 경수는 1,070개/m2로 많다. 건물수량은 14.8 MT/ha으로 표준품종인 금강밀에 비해 12% 증수한 다수성이다. 조사료 품질은 표준품종 금강과 비교하여 유사하나, TDN 수량은 ha당 10.0 MT으로서 9.0 MT인 금강에 비해 높다.

The purpose of development new variety ‘Miho’ (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a favorite with livestock feed and develop varieties resistant to disease and lodging. ‘Miho’ was carrying the growth habit of group Ⅲ, green and mid-wide leaf. Awn that are related to preference of livestock is a semi-smooth awn. This cultivar had 96cm of culm length, 650 of spikes per m2. Heading date of ‘Miho’ is April 27, and maturing dates on May 30, which were later than cultivar ‘Youngyang’. It also showed strong winter hardiness, and similar resistance to shattering and BaYMV compared with those of check one. The best thing among the traits of one is a new good quality with the plant green at the latter growing period. The average forage dry matter yield in the regional yield trial was about 13.1, 12.1 MT per ha in upland and paddy field, respectively, which were 9%, 2% higher than that of the check cultivar. It’s also showed 6.8% crude protein, 27.1% ADF (acid detergent fiber), and 67.5% TDN (Total Digestible Nutrients), including higher silage quality for whole crop barley. This cultivar would be suitable for the area whose daily minimum temperature was above -8℃ in January in Korean peninsula.

“Jojoong”, a winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. It was derived from the cross “Suwon272/Olgeuru//Keumkang/Suwon252” during 2002. “Jojoong” was evaluated as “Iksan360” in advance yield trial test in 2011. It was tested in the regional yield trial test between 2012 and 2014. “Jojoong” is an awned, semi-dwarf and hard winter wheat, similar to “Keumkang” (check cultivar). The heading and maturing date of “Jojoong” were earlier to “Keumkang”. “Jojoong” had lower test weight (799 g/L) and 1,000-grain weigh (35.6g) than “Keumkang” (816 g/L and 45.5g, respectively). “Jojoong” showed resistance to winter hardiness and pre-harvest sprouting, which lower withering rate on the high ridge (10.5%) and rate of pre-harvest sprouting (10.5%) than “Keumkang” (31.7 and 21.4%, respectively). “Jojoong” showed similar protein content (12.5%), SDS-sedimentation volume (43.5ml) and gluten content (8.6%) to “Keumkang” (12.9%, 58.5ml and 8.5%, respectively). It showed higher lightness (93.17) in flour color than “Keumkang” (91.95, respectively). “Jojoong” showed higher lightness (81.50) of noodle dough sheet than “Keumkang” (80.95). “Jojoong” exhibited similar hardness (3.84N) and higher springiness and cohesiveness of cooked noodles (0.94 and 0.66) compared to “Keumkang” (3.88N, 0.90, and 0.62, respectively). Average yield of “Jojoong” in the regional adaptation yield trial test was 5.09 MT/ha in upland and 5.35 MT/ha in paddy field, which was 9% and 8% higher than those of “Keumkang” (4.67 MT/ha and 4.92 MT/ha, respectively).

‘조미’는 답리작 적응 내재해 다수성 청보리 품종육성을 목표로 1999년 내재해성으로 총체적성이 우수한 ‘수원337호’를 모본으로 하고, 도복에 강한 ‘수원355호’를 부본으로 교배하여 육성 선발된 ‘익산438호’로 전국 7개소에서 2008년부터 2010년까지 지역적응시험을 거쳐 2010년에 육성되었다. ‘조미’는 직립 초형으로 파성은 Ⅰ정도이고, 잎은 녹색이며, 잎귀가 없는 무엽이 품종으로 가축기호성이 높다. 초장은 90㎝이고, m2당 경수는 846개로 표준품종인 ‘영양’보다 194개 많은 다얼성이며, 엽신 비율이 높다.답리작에서 출수기는 4월 23일로 ‘영양’보다 3일 빠르고, 황숙기는 5월 25일로 1일 빠른 조숙종이다. 내한성은 ‘영양’보다 다소 강하였으며, 흰가루병에는 감수성을 보였지만 보리호위축병에 저항성을 나타냈다. 건물수량은 전작에서 15.7톤/ha ‘영양’과 같았으나 답리작에서 10.3톤/ha으로 ‘영양보다 5% 적었다. 조사료 품질은 조단백질 함량이 8.3%로 ‘영양’에 비해 높았으며, ADF는 26.2%, NDF는 48.3%로 ‘영양’보다 낮았으나 TDN이 68.2%로 ‘영양’보다 다소 높고, 사일리지 등급은 II 등급으로 양호하였다.

‘Muhan’ (Hordeum vulgare L.), a new ruminant-palatability forage barley cultivar, was developed by the breeding team at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2013. It was derived from the cross between SB921011-3B-16-2/IT0188556 and ‘Suwon 365’. Among the cross made in 2002, a promising line, SB02T2097-B-B-B-18, showed good characteristics in potential forage yield in the yield trial tested at Iksan in 2009 to 2010 designated as Iksan 465. The line in the Regional Yield Trials(RYT) tested in eight locations around Korea for three years from 2011 to 2013, and was released as the name of ‘Muhan’. It has the growth habit of group Ⅳ, erect plant type, green leaf and awnless spike. Its average heading and maturing dates were on May 4, and June 4, respectively, with similar to check cultivar ‘Youngyang’. The cultivar had 102cm of culm length, 711 spikes per m2 and it showed better rate of leaf, winter hardiness, and resistance to BaYMV than those of the check cultivar. The average forage yield of ‘Muhan’ was about 12.4 ton ha-1 in dry matter in paddy field. ‘Muhan’ also showed 6.6% of crude protein content, 28.6% of ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber), 50.1% of NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber), and 66.3% of TDN (Total Digestible Nutrients), including higher grade of silage quality for whole crop barley

‘Jungmo2506’ (Hordeum vulgare L.), a new ruminant-palatability forage barley cultivar, was developed by the breeding team at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2013. It was derived from the cross between ‘Sunwoo’ and ‘Milyang 34’. Among the cross made in 2002, a promising line, SB02T2020-B-BB- 64, showed good characteristics in potential forage yield in the yield trial tested at Iksan in 2009 to 2010 designated as Iksan 463. The line in the Regional Yield Trials(RYT) tested in eight locations around Korea for three years from 2011 to 2013, and was released as the name of ‘Jungmo2506’. It has the growth habit of group Ⅳ, erect plant type, green leaf and short awn spike. Its average heading and maturing dates were on May 3, and June 2, respectively, with similar to check cultivar ‘Youngyang’. The cultivar had 99cm of culm length, 692 spikes per m2 and it showed better rate of leaf, winter hardiness, and resistance to BaYMV than those of the check cultivar. The average forage yield of ‘Jungmo2506’ was about 11.8 ton ha-1 in dry matter in paddy field. ‘Jungmo2506’ also showed 6.6% of crude protein content, 27.4% of ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber), 49.2% of NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber), and 67.2% of TDN (Total Digestible Nutrients), including higher grade of silage quality for whole crop barley.

This experiment was conducted to obtain basic a information on feed value and fermentative quality of whole crop barley with different harvesting time and making method. As a result, in case of feed value, crude protein, NDF and ADF content were decreased with late harvest, but TDN was increased. In the silage, the results were similar and these patterns showed the same before and after the silage making. Thus, there was no significantly difference in bale and chopper. In case of fermentative quality, pH of the silages showed increasing with late harvesting time but the contents of organic acid did lower, and those tendencies were the same in both bale and chopper condition. But the lactic acid content were approximately 23 percent higher in chopped condition. In conclusion, ensiling at yellow ripe stage is better than other stages, chopped ensiling could improve fermentation quality.

헤어리베치의 꽃색 중 보라색, 분홍색, 백색의 유전 양상을 구명하기 위하여 보라색 꽃 품종(청풍보라), 분홍색 꽃 품종(Mamecho) 그리고 백색 꽃 품종(HV-Kw1) 상호 간에 교잡하여 잡종 2세대(F2)에서 꽃색 분리 비율을 조사하고, 또한 분홍색과 연분홍색 사이의 유전 양상을 조사하기 위하여 연분홍색 꽃 품종(HV-Mp1)과 분홍색 꽃 품종(Mamecho)을 교잡하여 F2에서 꽃색 분리 비율을 조사한 결과 백색/보라색 조합과, 보라색/분홍색 조합에서 보라색은 백색과 분홍색에 대해 3 : 1의 비율로 분리하였고, 연분홍색/분홍색 조합에서 분홍색 3, 연분홍색 1의 비율로 분리하였으나, 백색/분홍색 조합의 F2 집단에서는 보라색 9, 분홍색 3, 백색 4의 비율로 분리하였다. 이러한 헤어리베치 꽃색 유전분리 결과로 볼 때 본 연구에서 사용된 품종들의 보라색, 분홍색, 그리고 백색 꽃은 서로 다른 두 쌍의 유전자 열성상위 작용에 의해 발현되며, 연분홍색은 분홍색에 대하여 단일 열성관계인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 헤어리베치 품종 육성의 기초 자료로 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

‘Youhan’ (Hordeum vulgare L.), a new whole crop barley cultivar, was developed by the breeding team at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2012. ‘Youhan’ has the growth habit of III, light green and middle size leaf, hooded and lax-type spikes. The cultivar showed 107 cm of culm length, 641 spikes per m2. Heading date of ‘Youhan’ was May 1, one day later than that of check cultivar ‘Yuyeon’ in upland, and 2 days earlier than that of check in paddy field. Maturing time was similar to check cultivar ‘Yuyeon’ as June 4 in upland and May 31 in paddy field. ‘Youhan’ also showed better winter hardiness, the resistance to lodging and disease than those of check cultivar. The average forage dry matter yield in the regional yield trial was about 12.6 and 12.0 ton ha-1 in upland and paddy field, respectively, which were 6%, 5% higher than that of the check. It also showed 7.3% of crude protein, 26.8% of ADF(Acid Detergent Fiber), 47.8% of NDF(Neutral Detergent Fiber), and 67.7% of TDN(Total Digestible Nutrients), including higher grade of silage quality for whole crop barley. Fall sowing cropping of ‘Youhan’ is recommended only in areas where average daily minimum mean temperatures in January are higher than －8°C, and it should not be cultivated in mountain areas of Korea.

‘Jungmo2503’ (Hordeum vulgare L.), a new ruminant-palatability forage barley cultivar, was developed by the breeding team at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2011. It was derived from the cross between ‘Dongsanpi81’ and ‘Kangbori’. Among the cross made in 1999, a promising line, SB992028-B-B-B-B-B-2, showed good characteristics in potential forage yield in the yield Trial tested at Iksan in 2007 to 2008 designated as Iksan 449. The line in the Regional Yield Trials (RYT) tested in eight locations around Korea for three years from 2009 to 2011, and was released as the name of ‘Jungmo2503’. It has the growth habit of group Ⅰ, erect plant type, green leaf and hood spike. Its average heading and maturing dates were on May 2, and May 29, respectively, with are similar to check cultivar ‘Yuyeon’. The cultivar had 102cm of culm length, 691 spikes per m2 and it showed better rate of leaf, winter hardiness, and resistance to BaYMV than those of the check cultivar. The average forage yield of ‘Jungmo2503’ was about 10.9 ton ha-1 in dry matter in paddy field. ‘Jungmo2503’ also showed 9.4% of crude protein content, 27.3% of ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber), 49.0% of NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber), and 67.3% of TDN (Total Digestible Nutrients), including higher grade of silage quality for whole crop barley.

‘Jungmo2502’ (Hordeum vulgare L.), a new ruminant-palatability forage barley cultivar, was developed by the breeding team at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2011. It was derived from the cross between ‘Samheung/Suwon 300’ and ‘Milyang 100’. Among the cross made in 2000, a promising line, SB00T2018-B-B-B-B-3, showed good characteristics in potential forage yield in the yield Trial tested at Iksan in 2007 to 2008 designated as Iksan 448. The line in the Regional Yield Trials(RYT) tested in eight locations around Korea for three years from 2009 to 2011, and was released as the name of ‘Jungmo2502’. It has the growth habit of group Ⅵ, erect plant type, green leaf and awnless spike. Its average heading and maturing dates were on May 4, and May 30, respectively, with are similar to check cultivar ‘Youngyang’. The cultivar had 98cm of culm length, 607 spikes per m2 and it showed better rate of leaf, winter hardiness, and resistance to BaYMV than those of the check cultivar. The average forage yield of ‘Jungmo2502’ was about 11.0 ton ha-1 in dry matter in paddy field. ‘Jungmo2502’ also showed 8.7% of crude protein content, 21.9% of ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber), 40.7% of NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber), and 71.6% of TDN (Total Digestible Nutrients), including higher grade of silage quality for whole crop barley.

’Dahan’ (Avena sativa L.), a winter oat for forage use, was developed by the breeding team at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA in 2011. It was derived from an original cross between the F1 hybrid of ‘Sprinter’ and ‘73625’ and ‘Gwiri26’ (PA7507-37). Subsequent generations followed by the cross were handled in bulk and pedigree selection programs at Suwon. A line, ‘SO99027-GB-B-113-4-4-3’, was selected for cold tolerance and good agronomic characteristics and designated as a line name of ‘Gwiri75’. The line ‘Gwiri75’ was subsequently evaluated for cold tolerance, earliness, and forage yield in four different locations, Yesan, Iksan, Kimjae, and Jeju, from 2009 to 2011 and finally named as ‘Dahan’. Over 3 years, the average forage dry matter yield of ‘Dahan’ harvested at milk-ripe stage was 15.6 MT ha-1, compared with 14.1 MT ha-1 of check cultivar ‘Samhan’. Though similar in heading date to the check cultivar, ‘Dahan’ had tall plant length and lodging resistance. The feed value of ‘Dahan’ was superior to the check cultivar in percent total digestible nutrients (TDN) and TDN yield per ha. ‘Dahan’ is recommended primarily for winter planting use in the areas where daily minimum mean temperatures are averaged higher than -6 ℃ in January, and excluded in mountain area where frost damage is presumable.

‘Jungmo2502’ awnless barley line (Hordeum vulgare L.) developed at National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2011. The Jungmo2502 derived from three-way cross between Millyang100 and F1 (Samheung/Suwon300) in 2000. Subsequent generation were handled by the bulk method in a pedigree selection program. A promising line showed high yield as well as lodging resistance in the yield trial tested at Iksan in 2007 to 2008, designated as Iksan 448. The line in the regional yield trials(RYT) tested in seven locations around Korea for three years from 2009 to 2011. The Jungmo2502 is carrying the growth habit of Ⅳ, green leaf and stem similar to the check cultivar ′Youngyang′. Its heading date was May 3, and maturing time was May 30 in paddy field, which was 3 days later respectively than check cultivar. It was 98 cm of culm length, 607 spikes per m2 and showed more rate of leaf blade, winter hardiness, and resistance to BaYMV than the check cultivar. Average dry matter yield was similar with the check cultivar in paddy field (about 11 ton ha-1). It also showed good qualities as 8.7% of crude protein, 21.9% of ADF (acid detergent fiber), 40.7% of NDF (neutral detergent fiber), and 71.6% of TDN (total digestible nutrients), including high grade of silage for whole crop barley.

To investigate the application of biochemical markers' and small-sample methods using whole-wheat flours for screening in early generation in Korean wheat breeding system, 74 Korean wheats, including cultivars, local breeding lines and experimental lines, were analyzed. Seed storage protein and amylose contents of grains were evaluated. Biochemical makers, including granule bound starch synthase (GBSS), high molecular weigh glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) and friabilin were also evaluated by using one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacryla-mide gel electrophoresis with a single kernel. The small­sample methods, including modified SDS-sedimentation test (MST), micro-alkaline water retention capacity (AWRC) and whole-wheat flour swelling volume (WSV) were also tested in this study. Protein content, MST and AWRC was 11.0 - 15.8~% , 2.7 - 26.2 ml and 71.9 - 109.7~% , respectively. Apparent and total amylose content and WSV was 20.6 - 25.0~% , 26.1 - 32.4~% and 9.0 - 16.9 ml, respectively. There were highly significant correlations between MST and AWRC (r=0.592, P<0.001), but Korean wheats showed no significant difference in protein content, amylose content and small-sample methods. In the biochemical markers, Korean wheats contained all three GBSS encoded by Wx loci, except for Suwon 252. Korean wheats showed the high frequency (58.1~% ) of 1Dx2.2 + 1Dy12 subunits of HMW-GS. Friabilin band was present in 46 lines (62.2~% ) and absent in 28 lines (37.8~% ). Friabilin-absence lines showed the higher MST (14.9 ml) and AWRC (92.1~% ) value than friabilin-presence lines (8.5 ml and 82.4~% , respectively).

To evaluate the genetic diversity and structure of the South Korean soybean population, 233 landraces collected in various regions of the country were surveyed for 15 allozyme loci and one protein locus. The South Korean population was fixed or nearly fixed at seven of the 16 loci tested. The number of alleles per locus was 2.06 and Nei’s gene diversity was 0.194. These values were lower than the values for the same 16 loci previously reported for the Japanese and Chinese populations. The differences among eight regional groups were not so marked, with only 7.2% of the total variation arising from regional differentiation. Three southern regional groups (Chollabuk-do, Chollanam-do and Kyong-sangnam-do) exhibited a relatively high variability because of frequent occurrence of alleles characteristic of the Japanese population. A marked difference was found in allelic frequencies at the Dial locus between large-seeded landraces and small-seeded ones, suggesting that the latter, which are used mainly for bean sprouts, had been established independently of the former, which are used mostly for soy sauce and cooking with rice. Not only the region but also the usage as food materials should therefore be taken into consideration in designing an efficient collection and preservation method for the Korean soybean landraces.

Mitochondrial DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms are convenient markers for identifying cytoplasmic variation among plants. We have collected 212 wild soybeans (Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc) from all over Korea, and classified mitochondrial genome types based on hybridization patterns in DNA gel-blot analyses using two mitochondrial DNA clones, cox2 and atp6, as probes. Korean wild soybean was classified with eight-mtDNA types, and some of the mtDNAs showed geographical clines among the regions. The diversity index of the mtDNA was much higher in the western and southern regions than in the eastern and northern regions of Korea, respectively. Dissemination and distributive characteristics of wild soybeans in Korea were discussed