본 연구는 대학의 ‘정신 건강’ 프로그램의 가족 참여가 학생에게 미치 는 영향을 탐구하는 것이다. 가족과 학생 및 교사를 대상으로 질적 사례 연구 방법을 활용하였다. 가족, 학생 및 교사를 대상으로 하여 관찰, 심 층 인터뷰 및 문헌 수집을 통해 데이터를 얻었다. 이에 대한 연구 결과 는 첫째, 가족의 무시와 사회적 압력은 대학생 정신건강 문제의 ‘보이지 않는 촉매제’로 작용하며, 학생들은 외부 압력에 대응하기 위해 ‘마음의 벽을 쌓는’ 형태로 자신을 보호하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 가족 구성원 간의 신뢰와 상호작용 부족, 거리감과 압박감이 존재하며, 이는 ‘거리를 둔 가족 관계’의 결과물로 보인다. 셋째, 교사는 ‘소통의 다리 역 할’을 수행하여, 부모가 ‘경청과 동반’을 통해 자녀의 감정 표현을 이해 하도록 유도함으로써 가족 간 ‘마음의 소통’을 점진적으로 실천하도록 지 원하였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 가족 참여가 대학생의 정신건강 문제와 가족 관계를 개선하는 데 도움이 되고 있음을 보여준다. 그러므로 대학 은 학생들의 정신 건강 수준을 향상시키기 위해 가족 참여한 ‘정신 건강’ 프로그램을 지속적으로 추진해야 한다.

장애의 본질은 손상이 있는 사람들에 대한 사회의 부적절한 대응에서 비롯 된다고 보아야 한다. 장애인도 비장애인과 동등하게 『헌법』이 보장하는 인간 으로서의 존엄과 가치 및 행복을 추구할 권리를 가지고, 국가는 이를 보장할 의무가 있다. 그런데『장애인복지법』시행령 제2조 제1항 [별표1]은 위 법의 적 용을 받는 장애의 종류를 15가지로 나열하였다. 여기에 들어있지 않은 투렛 증후군 진단을 받은 사람의 장애인등록 신청이 거부 된 데 대하여 대상판결 은『장애인복지법』이나 위 법 시행령의 체제와 취지 등 여러 사정을 종합하여 위 조항을 한정적 열거가 아닌 예시적 열거로 보고, 나아가 적극적으로 인용 처분이 내려져야 한다는 전제에서 거부처분의 위법성을 논하면서 유추의 방 법까지 동원하였다. 장애의 종류가 아니라 장애의 경중에 따라 국가의 보호대 상에의 해당 여부를 정하는 것이 『헌법』이 정한 평등의 이념에 부합하며, 법 을 해석함에 있어서는 법적 안정성을 저해하지 않는 범위에서 구체적 타당성 을 찾아야 하므로, 보다 적극적인 실효성 있는 구제책을 낸 대상판결은 장애 인복지의 지평을 넓히는 의미 있는 판결이다. 다만, 대상판결 후에도 개정된 시행령이나 보건복지부 고시 등을 통하여 새로운 유형의 장애 인정이 거의 제한되고 있는바, 하루빨리 시정되어야 할 것이다.

This study assessed dried vegetables derived from sweet potato petioles to promote the use of typically discarded aerial parts. The length (18.25 to 35.00 cm) and thickness (4.59 to 6.66 mm) of the petioles varied by variety, with ‘Hophungmi’ and ‘Tongchaeru’ showing promise for dried vegetable processing due to their longer and thicker petioles. In terms of color, ‘Hophungmi’ and ‘Shinmi’ exhibited high lightness, ‘Tongchaeru’ and ‘Hayangmi’ displayed strong redness, and ‘Pungwonmi’ had high yellowness. Rehydration rates and hardness increased over the harvest period, with ‘Pungwonmi’ and ‘Tongchaeru’ demonstrating excellent rehydration capacity. Additionally, ‘Hayangmi,’ ‘Shinmi,’ ‘Tongchaeru,’ and ‘Hophungmi’ maintained lower hardness levels, appealing to consumers who prefer a softer texture. Notably, the substantial polyphenol content (10.70 to 16.20 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (4.79 to 8.11 mg CE/g), along with antioxidant activity (DPPH: 1.11 to 2.14 mg, ABTS: 5.51 to 7.78 mg TE/g), indicate their potential as antioxidant-rich functional foods. This research supports the development of dried vegetable products tailored to consumer preferences.

Cold-pressed rapeseed oil (CPRO) is a rich source of bioactive components, but it is more susceptible to deterioration due to absence of chemical refining. Proper storage conditions are essential to maintain oil quality. This study evaluated the quality properties of seed-stored oil (SSO) and oil-stored oil (OSO) under various storage conditions. Both the seeds and the CPRO obtained from the ‘Jungmo7001’ and ‘Yuryeo’ varieties were stored for 24 months at 4℃, 25℃, and ambient temperature (AT). After 24 months, the acid value (AV) at 4℃ was lower than at 25℃ and AT. Additionally, the AV increased by 3.0-fold in SSO and 1.9-fold in OSO at AT compared to initial storage levels. OSO was found to be relatively more stable against oxidation than SSO. The canolol content in SSO increased with both storage temperature and period, but this was not observed in OSO. However, no changes in fatty acid composition or tocopherol content were noted based on the storage conditions, indicating that these properties remained relatively stable during storage. These results provide foundational data for the stable distribution of CPRO.

본 연구는 국내에 수입되는 다양한 종류의 패류를 대상 으로 미관리 독소인 AZA와 AZA유사체 4종에 대한 동시 검출법을 확립하였다. 2020-2023년 기간동안 수집된 수입 패류 467샘플을 대상으로 모니터링을 수행한 결과, 러시 아에서 수입된 돌조개 2점에서 AZA-2가 정량한계 이하로 검출된 것을 확인하였다. 이는 해외의 AZA관리 기준에 미치치 않는 미량의 독소로 인체에 위해도는 없는 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 시험법으로 수입산 패류 의 안전관리에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

This study investigated phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activities of rapeseed plants according to cultivar and growth stage. For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd harvested rapeseed plants, total polyphenol contents were 12.56~15.85, 10.28~13.17, and 9.94~16.01 mg gallic acid equivalents/g sample, respectively; total flavonoid contents were 9.86~11.05, 10.41~13.06, and 8.18~16.64 mg catechin equivalents/g sample, respectively; total chlorophyll contents were 17.26~21.66, 19.31~24.95, and 22.16~38.39 mg/g sample, respectively; and total glucosinolates contents were 31.13~46.22, 28.51~34.72, and 22.18~30.58 mg SE/g sample, respectively. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of rapeseed plants were 3.26~5.91 and 10.69~17.17 mg trolox equivalents/g sample, respectively. FRAP activities of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd harvested rapeseed plants were 142.88~63.93, 37.97~61.24, and 32.93~52.36 mM/g sample, respectively. Phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activities of rapeseed plants were found to be high in Halla, Yuryeo, and Yeongsan cultivars. Overall, phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activities of rapeseed plants tended to decrease as the harvest time was delayed. These results indicate that more research on functional ingredients and physiological activities of rapeseed plants is needed to diversify their fields of use.

음식물류폐기물의 퇴비화는 경제적인 자원화 방법이지만, 염분함량이 높아 토양에 투입될 경우 염류집적으로 인한 작물 생육 피해가 우려된다. 바이오차는 양이온교환능력이 높은 물질로 염분피해가 우려되는 토양에 적용 시 Na+이온을 흡착하여 작물생육 피해를 줄여줄 것으로 생각된다. 이에 본 연구는 바이오차와 혼합하여 제조한 음식물류폐기물 혼합 펠렛 퇴비(이하, 음폐혼합펠렛퇴비) 사용 시 배추 생육과 토양에 미치는 영향을 평가하고 이에 따른 무기질비료 절감 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 처리구는 무비구(NF), 무기질비료 반량(NPK0.5), 무기질비료(NPK), 무기질비료+ 음폐퇴비(FWC), 무기질비료+음폐혼합펠렛퇴비(FWCB)이다. 배추 생육조사 결과, FWCB처리구에서 엽장, 엽폭, 구고 및 구폭 모두 가장 높았다. 수량조사 결과 8,300 kg 10a-1로 가장 높게 나타났으며, NPK처리구에 비해 무기질비료를 50% 사용하였으나 수량은 13.6% 높게 나타났다. 토양화학 성 결과 FWCB에서 EC는 0.59 ds m-1, 교환성 Na은 0.35 cmolc kg-1으로 다른처리구보다 높게 나타났으나 적정범위 이내였다. 본 연구결과, 음폐혼합펠릿퇴비의 사용은 작물의 양분 및 유기물공급 뿐만 아니라 바이오차로 인한 양이온 고정 효과로 작물 생산성을 향상시키는 것으로 생각되며, 비료성분의 공급원으로써 배추의 생육 및 생산성을 증진할 수 있는 기술로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) oil is mostly refined oil (RO). However, with increasing interest in health, the consumption of cold-pressed oil (CPO) without chemical refining is increasing in Korea. In this study, quality characteristics of CPO from rapeseed varieties ‘Jungmo7001’, ‘Jungmo7002’, ‘Jungmo7003’,and ‘Yuryeo’were evaluated and compared with RO, a commercial product. L-value and a-value were lower while b-value was significantly higher for CPO than those for RO. Analysis of fatty acid compositions of each oil revealed that CPO from ‘Yuryeo’contained the highest oleic acid at 74%. Analyses of contents of bioactive compounds in CPOs and RO revealed that contents of tocopherol, β-carotene, and canolol were the highest in CPOs from ‘Jungmo7003’, ‘Jungmo7002’, and ‘Jungmo7001’at 55.5, 0.3, and 0.2 mg/100 g, respectively. In addition, CPOs contained higher contents of bioactive compounds than RO, suggesting that CPO could provide health benefits. The induction period of CPOs measured using Rancimat were 9∼52% longer than that for RO, indicating that CPOs had a higher oxidative stability under given conditions. These results could be used to obtain basic data on quality of domestic rapeseed varieties.

This study examined the quality characteristics and antioxidant properties of sword bean tea available in domestic markets. Each product of sword bean tea had distinct appearance characteristics. The color, pH, brownness, and turbidity of the tea varied significantly across different products, with tea bags showing higher levels of brownness and turbidity. The total polyphenol content of hot water extraction ranged from 165.13 to 517.69 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g sample for pod tea, 999.36 to 2,054.74 mg GAE/100 g sample for tea bag tea, and 74.62 to 275.00 mg GAE/100 g sample for grain tea, respectively. Similarly, the total flavonoid content, measured in terms of catechin equivalents (CE), ranged from 39.51 to 65.00 mg CE/100 g sample for pod tea, 86.57 to 253.63 mg CE/100 g sample for tea bag tea, and 32.94 to 38.63 mg CE/100 g sample for grain tea, for hot water extraction. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of pod tea were 95.68 to 276.19 mg TE/100 g sample and 270.87 to 804.21 mg trolox equivalents/100 g sample, respectively, for hot water extraction. These results suggest the need to establish quality standards to ensure consistent quality of sword bean tea.

In this study, the expression of genes related to fruit ripening was investigated using realtime PCR. The study aimed to determine the effective conditions of calcium compounds (Calcium citrate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, GH-Ca, OS-Ca) and chitosan treatment to extend the shelf-life in the ‘Kumhong’ nectarine and ‘Madoka’ peach fruits. In this study, in the ‘Kumhong’ and ‘Madoka’ fruits, the expression of genes related to cell wall degradation, pectin lyase (PL), polygalacturonase (PG), and pectin methylesterase (PME), was inhibited by calcium, chitosan, or a mixture (Chitosan+CaCl2) treatment. In ‘Madoka’ peach, although the expression of the PG gene was suppressed at pre-harvest Ca and chitosan treatment, the expression of the PL gene was induced at pre- and post-harvest Ca and chitosan treatment compared to the control. The spray of calcium, chitosan itself, or a mixture (Chitosan+ CaCl2) on the trees at the ripening stage and harvested fruits can extend the shelf-life by suppressing the expression of cell wall degrading enzymes genes (PL, PG, PME) in ‘Kumhong’ nectarine and ‘Madoka’ peach tree. These results provide valuable information for the development of technology for the extension of the shelf-life of peach and nectarine fruits.

In this study, quality properties of rapeseed oil by different roasting temperatures (140, 160, 180, and 200℃) were investigated. Roasted-pressed oil (RPO) showed a decrease in lightness and an increase in redness and yellowness with an increase in temperature compared to cold-pressed oil (CPO). In addition, the β-carotene and tocopherol content also increased in RPO as the roasting temperature increased. The tocopherol content increased by 18~20% in RPO at 200℃ compared to CPO. This increase in bioactive components led to improved radical scavenging activity dependent on roasting temperature, and RPO at 200°C showed a 2.7-fold improvement compared to CPO. Finally, it was observed that higher roasting temperatures resulted in an extended oxidation induction period, increasing by up to 3.3 times. In conclusion, roasting is an effective method for enhancing the oil functionality of domestic rapeseed varieties. This study provides basic data for producing high-quality oil.

In this study, numerical modeling on the gas flow and off-gases in the low temperature carbonization furnace for carbon fiber was analyzed. The furnace was designed for testing carbonization process of carbon fibers made from various precursors. Nitrogen gas was used as a working gas and it was treated as an incompressible ideal gas. Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics for steady state turbulent flow was used to analyze flow pattern and temperature field in the furnace. The off-gas mass fraction and cumulative emission gas of species were incorporated into the CFD analyses by using the user defined function(UDF). As a results, during the carbonization process, the emission of CO2 was the dominant among the off-gases, and tow moving made the flow in the furnace be uniform.

Background and Purpose: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using Methylene blue (MB-PDT) has been proposed as an adjunctive to scaling and root planing (SRP) to provide preferable results for the treatment of periodontitis. The multi-factor mechanism of aPDT action correlates with various influencing components such as the photosensitizer and the light delivery system. The paper aims to review the recorded parameters of MB-PDT from clinical trials of periodontitis which may serve to improve the treatment of periodontal diseases. Materials and Methods: PubMed search engine was used to identify human clinical trials of PDT in dentistry. After applying specific keywords, additional filters, exclusion criteria, the initial number of 17378 was reduced to 12. Results: More than half of the articles of SRP + MB-PDT presented better results [pocket depth (PD) reduction, clinical attachment level (CAL) gain, etc.] compared to SRP alone in the treatment of periodontitis. Conclusions: While more clinical evidence is needed, recent studies demonstrate that MB-PDT combined with SRP show a greater potential as a treatment of periodontal diseases in comparison to SRP alone.

영농형 태양광 발전은 농경지에서 작물을 생산함과 동시에 식물이 요구하는 광포화점 이상의 광을 이용하여 전기를 생산 하는 시스템이다. 새로운 농가 소득원의 개발을 위하여 포도 원에 태양광 패널을 설치하고 수체의 생육과 과실 발육 특성 을 평가하여 영농형 태양광의 활용성을 탐색하고 향후 재배기 술을 개발하는 데 필요한 정보를 제공하고자 연구를 진행하였 다. 152 × 68 × 3.5cm 크기의 구조물에 영농형 150Wp (36cell) 모듈을 포도나무 재식열에 따라 배치하고, 과원의 환경과 식물 생육을 분석하였다. 무처리에는 겨울철 풍속이 0.4－0.6m·s-1 에 도달하였으나, 시설 설치구에서는 0.01－0.02m·s-1에 머 물렀다. 삽수 수피의 탄수화물함량은 시설 설치구에서 183－ 184m·g-1으로 무처리구(181－198mg·g-1)에 비해 큰 차이가 없으며 삽수의 발아율도 큰 차이가 없었다. 잎의 엽록소의 함 량은 처리구에서 높게 나타났다. 수확후 과실의 특성으로는 과립중, 과방중, 당도, 과피색의 차이는 없었다. 다만 시설구 에서 숙기가 5－7일정도 늦어졌으며, 변색기의 착색에는 약 간 차이가 있었다. 영농형 태양광 패널을 설치한 과원에서 포 도나무와 과실의 발육은 유의차가 없었고, 설치구에서 착색 이 지연되었다. 이러한 결과는 향후 포도원에서 영농형 태양 광 시설을 설치하여 포도를 생산하는 기술 개발에 필요한 정 보로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

본 연구에서는, 5가지 식물의 메탄올 추출물을 이용하여 모기기피 효과 실험을 진행하고 누드 쥐를 모델로 하여 흰줄숲모기에 대한 모기기 피제의 유효용량 및 유효시간을 평가하였다. 그리고 식물의 휘발성분을 GC-MS로 분석하였다. 유효용량은 개박하가 10, 50, 100, 200 μg/mL 에서 72.9, 83.7, 86.4, 97.3%의 효율로 가장 높았다. 누드 쥐를 대상으로 한 유효시간 연구에서는 5가지 식물의 메탄올 추출물 중 개박하, 개다 래 및 개똥쑥이 90.5%로, 30분까지만 지속하였다. 각 식물의 휘발성분을 분석한 결과, 애플민트 28개 성분, 개다래 19개 성분, 개똥쑥 27개 성분, 개박하 26개 성분, 민들레 19개 성분이 확인 되었다. 특히 모기기피제의 유효 성분으로 알려진 네페탈락톤(nepetalactone)이 개박하의 휘발성분 중 한 성분으로 확인 되었다(27.95 mg/Kg). 본 연구결과는 다양한 휘발성분을 함유한 식물을 이용한 모기기피제 재료로서 가능성을 제시한다.

Recently microplastic (MP) biofilm is being attracted as an important environmental issue because it can act as a pollutant carrier in aqueous system. Therefore, this study investigated the MP biofilm communities originated from freshwater. The results showed the bacterial community structure of MP biofilm was distinctively different from the freshwater regardless of biofilm-forming condition and MP type. For MP biofilm communities exposed to raw freshwater, Solimonas variicoloris-like microbe, Frigidibacter albus-like microbe, Nitrospirillum amazonense-like microbe, and Pseudochroococcus couteii-like microbe became abundant, while Acinetobacter johnsonii, Macellibacteroides fermentans, and Sedimentibacter acidaminivorans-like microbe were found as major bacteria for MP biofilm communities exposed to organic rich condition. The results of this study suggest that the unique freshwater biofilm community could be formed on the MP surface.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are chemicals to which humans are exposed frequently via various mediums, including vehicle emissions that contain fine dust and heavy metals, use of organic solvent building materials, furniture, and smoking. Exposure to high concentrations of VOCs may result in loss of consciousness, paralysis, convulsions, and, in the most severe cases, death. Therefore, the present study investigated the indoor and outdoor concentrations of total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) and five types of VOCs (benzene, toluene, styrene, m,p-xylene, and o-xylene) in apartments, a representative residential environment accounting for ~55% of the housing in the Seoul metropolitan area. The research was conducted over four seasons from May 2020 to February 2021, and the levels of VOC concentrations were analyzed by classifying them by season, weekday/weekend, and indoor/outdoor locations. The seasonal trend in VOC concentrations showed that TVOC concentration was highest in summer, with values of 1630.93 ± 1184.10 μg/m3 and 1610.36 ± 1363.43 μg/m3 for indoor and outdoor environments, respectively. The seasonal trends of the concentrations of the five types of VOCs showed that concentrations of benzene and toluene were highest in spring, the concentrations of m,p-xylene and o-xylene were highest in summer, and the concentration of styrene was highest in winter, irrespective of spatial characteristics such as indoor/outdoor environments. In all four seasons, the indoor concentrations were higher than the outdoor concentrations. These results reveal the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the VOCs and so can serve as useful basic data for managing indoor and outdoor levels of VOCs.

Cr thin films with O added are deposited on sapphire substrate by DC sputtering and are nitrided in NH3 atmosphere between 300 and 900 oC for various times. X-ray diffraction results show that nitridation begins at 500 oC, forming CrN and Cr2N. Cr oxides of Cr2O3 are formed at 600 oC. And, at temperatures higher than 900 oC, the intermediate materials of Cr2N and Cr2O3 disappear and CrN is dominant. The atomic concentration ratios of Cr and O are 77% and 23%, respectively, over the entire thickness of as-deposited Cr thin film. In the sample nitrided at 600 oC, a CrN layer in which O is substituted with N is formed from the surface to 90 nm, and the concentrations of Cr and N in the layer are 60% and 40%, respectively. For this reason, CrN and Cr2N are distributed in the CrN region, where O is substituted with N by nitridation, and Cr oxynitrides are formed in the region below this. The nitridation process is controlled by inter-diffusion of O and N and the parabolic growth law, with activation energy of 0.69 eV.

Graphene, a new material with various advantageous properties, has been actively used in various fields in recent years. Applications of graphene oxide are increasing in combination with other materials due to the different properties of graphene oxide, depending on the number of single and multiple layers of graphene. In this study, single-layer graphene oxide and multi-layer graphene oxide are spray coated on polystyrene, and the physicochemical properties of the coated surfaces are characterized using SEM, Raman spectroscopy, AFM, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and contact angle measurements. In singlelayer graphene oxide, particles of 20 μm are observed, whereas a 2D peak is less often observed, and the difference in surface height increases according to the amount of graphene oxide. Adhesion increases with an increase in graphene oxide up to 0.375 mg, but decreases at 0.75 mg. In multi-layer graphene oxide, particles of 5 μm are observed, as well as a 2D peak. According to the amount of graphene oxide, the height difference of the surface increases and the adhesive strength decreases. Both materials are hydrophilic, but single-layer graphene oxide has a hydrophilicity higher than that of multi-layer graphene oxide. We believe that multi-layer graphene oxide and single-layer graphene oxide can be implemented based on the characteristics that make them suitable for application.