The hybrid cooling system of vapor compression system and naturally circulating coolin system using R-410a for indoor mobil tele-communication center(IMTC) is developed and its performance is experimentally studied. Its results are summarized as follows. First, cooling capacity of naturally circulating cooling system is proportional to indoor and outdoor temperature difference and it has max. 4,550 kcal/h at indoor and outdoor air temperature difference 15℃. Second, heat exchangers of evaporator and condenser should be designed and constructed to be able to get maximum refrigerant capacity by naturally circulating force and to enhance heat transfer by refrigerant. Third, cooling capacity of hybrid cooling system has optimum operating point according to refrigerant charging capacity and refrigerant charging capacity of naturally circulating cooling system is 30~50% more than vapor compression refrigeration system.

This study was designed to analyse the performance and the mechanisms of workers' participation and communications in industrial accident prevention activities leading to the reduction of industrial accidents. This study also aimed to find out the causal relationship influencing the promotion of prevention activities of industrial accidents. Of the manufacturing businesses with more than 5 workers as the population of the survey, a questionnaire was conducted with 2,500 workspaces chosen by stratified sampling. Out of 2500 workspaces, 971 workspaces equipped with industrial safety and health committee were analysed in this study. According to the results of this study, the primary influential factors on safety activities were the management of industrial accidents and the cooperations between supervisors and workers on site. The secondary influential factor was the establishment of industrial safety and health committee. Regarding the effectiveness of industrial accident reduction, -0.01 was shown by workplace safety activities by themselves and -0.09 was shown by participation and communications through indirect safety activities. This indicated workers' participation and communications play an important role in the reduction of industrial accidents. By discovering the clue to the mechanism of the workers' participation and communications, this study is expected to stimulate the reduction of industrial accidents by emphasizing the importance of workers' participation and communications in resolving the safety and health problem in the workplaces.

지금까지 대부분의 한미FTA 연구가 협정문의 현행 유보(부속서 I)에 명시된 개방의 수준과 내용에 초점을 맞추어 왔다면, 이 연구는 미래유보(부속서II)의 ‘단서조항’에 담긴 함의를 분석하는데 초점을 맞추었다. 특히 한미FTA의 시청각서비스분야에서 협정 완료된 미래유보 중 오바마 정부의 보호무역주의에 의해 영향을 받을 가능성이 있는 6가지 조항을 중심으로 조문분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 미래유보의 여러조항들은 방송시장의 개방을 상당부분 저지하고자 한 정부의 의지를 엿볼 수 있는 내용들이었지만, 다른 한편으로 미래유보 조항에 붙여진 단서조항들로 인해 사실상 미래유보의 실효성을 상당 부분 제한하고 있거나 향후 오바마 정부의 보호무역주의 여하에 따라 추가적인 시장개방의 가능성을 시사하고 있다고 결론지었다.

As well as the development of the measurement of service quality, various kinds of service measurements are also being developed. Especially the mobile telecommunication service being representative to the mobile telecommunication company would be the mostly developed area. Its development can be understood along with the development of the telecommunication companies as well as cellular companies, not only the service alone. It is a differentiated phenomenon in the current research, such as the organic influence between the service quality and product. Of course there are such products placed on sale and enjoyed the common service, but at present there is another case that the product is on the market exclusively with the mobile company in here. This article is to estimate service efficiency for Mobile Communication and Cellular company. In this paper, We tried to measure the service quality and overall satisfaction by using Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA), degree of combination and top2box which is a little bit different methodology from traditional ones. This paper uses CCR model in DEA to measure service efficiency in the Mobile Communication.

Today, Advertisement affects the daily consumption life of consumers because of the features and advantages of advertisement. In particular, and so does the TV advertisement. Therefore, customer education is required for the consumers so that they can lead a rational consumption through TV advertisement quality. In addition, with the introduction of the many new-born distribution channels, the recent market environment in apparel industry is changing, and the service and image of store types consumers can choose are increasing. The purpose of this research is to offer basic data which can help consumers to acquire necessary information and conduct rational consumption through TV advertisement. Also purchasing behavior of consumers communicate, feels of consumers about store image, TV advertisement quality of what is the attitude of the relative influence presents.

There are 55 nations which accept Islam as a religion in the world. Among them Asia has the most Muslim population. In the beginning of the 21st century Muslims have a trend of spreading out throughout the world, and they have their own common festivals. Those are festivals called the Minor festive day and the Major festive day. These are the greatest festive days of Islam to be held from the 70 days after Ramadan finished. The festive days are called a mass worship service. These festive days become the spiritual connection point which the rich share beasts with the poor. Islam id begins from the point that Abraham offered a living beast as a sacrifice to God at the Genesis of the Old Testament. Id festival is the duty of all Muslims in the Islam world and is to show the mind to submit to Allah. Islam id is the festival to pray for service and achievement, the day of thanksgiving and celebration, the day of triumph, the day to collect the fruits of good deeds and service, and simultaneously the spiritual union and the festival to have the meaning that purifies the souls. Even if festival is kept by all people, it is the time when a patriarch kills a beast and share it with relatives and all people with pleasure. But that Abraham offered Isaac as a sacrifice contains the redemptive principle to redeem a life, that is, the symbol of Messiah to come. This is aimed to seek for the contact point of the Gospel in the Christian perspective through this Islam id festival. It is important for us to see the contextual communication to be united with the audience and the phenomenon to occur in the mind of a receiver for the cultural sharing and message sending. And through the ministry to be shown by action, instead of rejection symptom against the culture we can seek for the contact point. Above all things, we can send through the cultural situation in this festival of Islam, the form and meaning of culture, the core of the Gospel, and the redemptive death of a Lamb as a sacrificial offering by exchanging the religious information as a contact point to send the Biblical truth. We must make Islam id festival the opportunity of the Gospel message.

The purpose of this study is in a survey about communication in drinking party culture of university student, which looking into on unformal conception. In result, drinking party ascertained the truth of promoting mutual friendship among the members of friends, and gossips of others, counsel etc. And it building up homogeneity mutually on the other man about an interesting theme. Above all, recently communication in drinking party culture that university students think was special expression in a different dimension.

As well as the development of the measurement of service quality, various kinds of service measurements are also being developed. Especially the mobile telecommunication service being representative to the mobile telecommunication company would be the mostly developed area. Its development can be understood along with the development of the telecommunication companies as well as cellular companies, not only the service alone. It is a differentiated phenomenon in the current research, such as the organic influence between the service quality and product. Of course there are such products placed on sale and enjoyed the common service, but at present there is another case that the product is on the market exclusively with the mobile company in here.

We tested differences in female pheromone production and male response in three species of the genus Adoxophyes in Korea. Females of all three species produced mixtures of Z9-14:OAc and Z11-14:OAc as major components but in quite different ratios. The ratio of Z9-14:OAc and Z11-14:OAc in pheromone gland extracts was estimated to be 100:198 for A. honmai, 100:23 for A. orana, and 100:3880 for A. sp. Field tests showed that males of each species were preferentially attracted to the two-component blends of Z9-14:OAc and Z11-14:OAc mimicking the blends found in pheromone gland extracts of conspecific females. The effects of minor components identified in gland extracts on trap catches varied with species. Addition of 10me-12:OAc or E11-14:OAc to the binary blend of Z9-14:OAc and Z11-14:OAc significantly increased captures of A. honmai males, whereas E11-14:OAc exhibited a strongly antagonistic effect on catches of A. sp. males. Moreover, Z9-14:OH or Z11-14:OH added to the binary blends increased attraction of male A. orana but not A. honmai and A. sp. males, suggesting that these minor components, in addition to the relative ratios of the two major components, play a noteworthy role in reproductive isolation between Adoxophyes species in the southern and midwestern Korea where these species occur sympatrically.

As the service quality measurement has been developed, various fields of service quality measurement have evolved. Especially the development of the mobile communication service and its status has been watched with keen interest. The growth of mobile communications has not developed alone. It evolved with the growth of the mobile communications company and the device manufacturer. This research investigates the mutual relation sand influence between the service quality and the device quality. This is a distinguished phenomenon within the existing research. Currently in Korea mobile devices can be purchased independently of network provider; however, there are also arrangements whereby the manufacturer supplies devices through only selected service providers. The model of service quality measurement is not a simple fragment model for the service quality anymore. It is required to establish the ultimate model for the service quality to determine if the customer differentiates between the device and service quality. Knowing if a customer differentiates between device and service can aid strong brands when deciding which partners to select for collaborative strategies. The aim of this research is to determine the significant difference between the models of service quality measurement based on differing levels of brand awareness.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not ‘focus on form’ instructions can be applied to 7 year old children"s communication classes and how many uptakes are observed from each class. And if it works, what types of ‘focus on form’ will be observed and which types of ‘focus on form’ are most useful for learners" uptakes. This study observed 9 different kinds of ‘focus on form’ types and divided into two higher types: Reactive Focus on Form and Preemptive Focus on Form. From this study, there were 103 ‘focus on form’ episodes which were recorded in order to identify occasions where there was attention to linguistic form. After 98 times, learners’ uptakes were examined from 103 ‘focus on form’ episodes. Learner uptake was generally higher and successful, to a much greater extent than has been reported for ESL adult classrooms. Uptake was higher in ‘reactive focus on form’ than in ‘preemptive focus on form’, in teacher-initiated ‘focus on form’ than in student-initiated ‘focus on form’, and also higher when blended with reactive and preemptive focus on form. Having accomplished this research I conclude it is necessary when attempting to examine young learner uptakes during ‘focus on form’ instructions in a communication class, the teacher should plan to use the most effective types of focus on form ‘recast’ and teacher-initiated episodes as possible, rather than student-initiated episodes.

장애 청소년과 비장애청소년이 스스로 교류할 수 있는 기회가 공간적, 시간적으로 제안되고 있는 상황에 서 장애 청소년과 비장애청소년들이 자발적으로 또래관계를 만들어서 공감대를 형성하기가 어려운 실정이다. 본 연구는 장애청소년과 비장애청소년이 또래 교류가 가능 할 수 있는 요소를 분석을 통하여 기능성 게임에 적용하여 향후 장애청소년과 비장애 청소년이 또래 관계형성의 이바지 한다.

MBL은 학생들에게 정확하고 효율적인 데이터 수집과 실시간 그래프를 제공함으로써 실험 시간을 단축시켜, 실험 결과에 대한 깊이 있는 토론을 가능하게 함으로 탐구의 본질적 특징인 의사소통과정을 강조한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 과학 탐구와 탐구의 본질적 특징인 의사소통의 관점에서 중등학교 지구과학 MBL수업의 양상을 살펴보았다. 3개의 MBL수업을 녹화한 비디오 테잎을 주된 자료원으로 하였으며, 수업 녹화물과 전사본을 교실탐구 기본요소와 논의 요소틀을 이용하여 분석하였다. 교실탐구의 기본요소는 "문제제기", "증거수집", "설명형성", "과학지식과의 연결", "이론의 발표"의 5가지이다. 연구 결과로 첫째, 세 수업은 각 진행 단계별로 탐구 요소와 그 수준에서 유사한 양상을 보여주었다. 학생들은 교사 주도적 문제 제기로부터, 절차에 따른 증거 수집을 하고, 교사의 지도에 따라 설명을 형성하며, 특정 과학지식을 사용하도록 안내되었다. 하지만, 이론의 발표 요소는 1개의 수업에서만 관찰되었다. 둘째, 탐구의 본질적 측면으로서 논의적 의사소통은 매우 드물게 나타났다. 논의 과정을 포함한 담화 에피소드는 과학적 현상을 다루기보다 실험 과정이나 절차적 측면에 관해 이루어졌다 이론의 발표가 진행된 수업에서 1개의 에피소드만이 과학현상과 관련된 활발한 논의적 의사소통을 보여주었다. 결론적으로 MBL자료가 탐구의 본질적 특징인 의사소통을 강조한다 하더라도, 실제 수업에서 진정한 탐구의 모습을 구현하는 일은 쉽지 않다는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 MBL수업에서 탐구 및 논의적 의사소통을 구현하기 위해서는 학생들에게 논의의 기회 제공과 더불어 논의를 유의미하게 개진할 수 있는 교사의 적절한 도움이 필요하다.

근래에 이르러 우리나라의 재해, 재난으로 수많은 사상자가 나오고, 동남아 근해의 해일과 지진의 영향으로 우리나라에도 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 이에 따라 재해에 대한 대비와 재난이 발생하였을 때의 신속한 정보전달이 중요한 요인이 되었다. 따라서 재해를 감지한 관측지에서 재난의 영향이 우려되는 지역으로의 신속한 정보 전달체계를 확립하고, 더 나은 재해의 예방 시스템 개발함으로써 재해 피해로 인한 국민의 재산과 생명의 손실을 최소화 하는데 이바지 하고자 한다.

기술의 발달은 18세기 이래 사회적, 지리적, 문화적 경계를 형성하였던 근대적 사고를 허물고 인류 문명의 각 분야에서‘융합’이라는 화두를 제시하고 있다. 이러한 현상은 새롭게 등장하는 기술의 모습이 매체의 형태로 실현되는 방송과 통신 분야에서 더욱 그러하다. 방송, 통신시장의 서비스공급자들은 기술의 진보에 발 맞춰 다양한 매체를 이용하여 방송과 통신이 융합된 서비스를 제공하고 있으며, 수요자들 역시 이러한 형태의 서비스를 요구하고 있다. 그러나 법과 제도는 이러한 기술의 발전과 시장의 움직임에 적절히 대응하지 못하고 있다. 방송업계와 통신업계 사이에서 새로운 매체의 규제기구, 규제영역, 규제형식에 대하여 이해관계가 첨예하게 대립하는 가운데, 해당 사업자들은 방송법의 까다로운 규제를 벗어나 통신법의 테두리에서 규제받기를 원하면서도, 저작권자들과의 관계에서는 저작권법상 방송사업자로서 그 지위를 인정받기를 원한다. 디지털융합이라는 환경 속에서 새롭게 등장하는 통신, 방송의 융합매체에 대하여, 저작권법의 관점에서 저작자 또는 저작인접권자의 재산권을 보호하면서 방송의 공익성을 추구하고, 나아가 방송 관련 신규사업자의 자유로운 시장진입과 공정한 경쟁을 강화할 수 있는 적절한 방법은 무엇일까. 저작권법의 입법목적이 저작자의 권리와 이에 인접하는 권리를 보호하고 저작물의 공정한 이용을 도모함으로써 문화의 향상 발전에 이바지함에 있다는 점에서, 저작물의 저작자, 기존의 방송사업자, 새로운 매체사업자 사이에 적절한 균형점을 이루어 낼 수 있는 방법을 찾고자 한다. 본 논문은 방송사업자의 범주를 넓히기 위하여 방송개념을 확대하려는 논의에 의문을 제기하고, 전통적인 방송개념에 충실한 현행 저작권법의 영역에서 방송사업자의 보호를 위한 새로운 방안을 모색하려는데 연구의 목적이 있다.

최근 인터넷 기술의 발달로 말미암아, 수많은 사람들이 인터넷을 사용하고 있고 인터넷을 통해 많은 정보를 받아들이고 있다. 현재 인터넷은 소위 '정보의 홍수'라 일컬어 질 만큼 무수한 정보를 매일같이 쏟아내고 있으며, 많은 사람들이 인터넷을 통해 지식을 얻고, 세상의 흐름을 파악하고 있는 상태이다. 이렇듯 수많은 정보가 넘쳐나기에, 그리고 정보의 신속한 배급을 최우선으로 삼기에, 인터넷에서 사용되는 언어에 있어서 문제점이 발생하게 되는 것은 피하기 어려운 현상으로 보인다. 그러나 일반인들이 블로그에 글을 올리는 것과, 아마추어 작가들이 글을 작성하여 인터넷을 통해 배포하는 것들에서조차 언어사용에 있어서의 엄격한 잣대를 모두 들이대기는 어렵겠지만, 뉴스보도의 작성자라든가, 기자, 편집자들, 특히나 사람들이 많이 보는 중요 매체의 뉴스 작업자들은, 자신들에 의해 만들어진 뉴스에 책임감을 가져야 하고, 그 뉴스를 읽는 독자에 책임감을 가져서, 자신들이 올바른 언어의 전파를 책임진다는 사명감을 가지고서 최대한 언어 사용에 있어서의 오류는 범하지 않아야 할 것이다. 본 논문은 많은 인터넷 뉴스에서 사용되고 있는 중국어 가운데, 20여개의 대표적인 예를 들어, 오자, 어법 오류, 불합리적인 사용 등 여러 방면에서 문장의 오류가 발생하게 된 원인을 분석하였다. 본인은 인터넷 뉴스에서 사용되는 중국어의 혼란 현상을 지적하고 바로 고치기 위해 노력하고, 인터넷 뉴스의 언어 사용 오류에 대한 엄정성을 제기하여 기자, 타이피스트, 편집원 등 뉴스 작업에 종사하고 있는 전문인들에게 문제의 심각성을 일깨우는 한편, 인터넷 문화 상품의 함양 개선을 강화하고자 시도하였다. 그리고 본 논문 중에서 예로 든 오류 문장들은 중국어를 가르치는 사람들에게도 충분히 참고할 만한 가치가 있으리라 확신한다.

This paper introduces radio frequency identification(RFID) information technologies for item management such as application interface of data protocol, data encoding rules and logical memory functions for data protocol, and, unique identification for RF tags. This study presents reference architecture and definition of parameters to be standardized, various parameters for air intreface communications, and, application requirements profiles.