국내에 분포하는 느티나무의 표현형의 변이를 확인하기 위하여 자생지 6곳을 대상으로 35가지 형태적 특징을 조사하였다. 분산분석 수행결과 20가지 정량적형질 중 16가지 형질이 집단간에 유의한 차이를 나타내는 것으로 확인되었다. 특히, '청주시 것대산' 집단이 20가지 정량적형질 중 9가지에서 최대값을 나타내었다. 주성분 분석 결과 측정항목들이 집단 간 차이를 나타내는데 적절하지 못함이 확인되었다. 군집분석을 수행한 결과 '남해군 미조리상록수림' 집단과 '양평군 용문산' 집단이 가장 가까운 그룹을 이루었으며, '청주시 것대산' 집단, '보은군 속리산' 집단, '대구광역시 팔공산' 집단, '함양군 상림' 집단 순으로 군집되었다.

참외 종자의 기능성을 규명하는 연구의 일환으로 항암활성을 조사하고자 하였다. 추출용매에 따른 항암활성을 조사하고자 헥산, 에탄올, 물 등 다양한 추출용매를 사용하여 참외 종자 추출물을 제조하였고, 가공에 따른 활성 증진효과를 알아보기 위해 볶음 처리하였다. 볶음 처리한 참외 종자는 볶음 처리하지 않은 종자보다 활성이 2~4배까지 증가하는 경향을 보여주었다. 추출용매에 따른 활성은 에탄올 추출물, 헥산 추출물, 물 추출물 순으로 항암활성이 나타났다. 인체 유래 5종(MCF-7, A549, AGS, HT-29, HepG2) 암 세포주를 이용하여 항암 활성의 조직 특이성을 알아보고자 하였다. 참외 볶음 종자 에탄올 추출물이 간암 세포주인 HepG2세포와 유방암 세포주인 MCF-7 세포에서 우수한 항암활성을 보여주었다. 용매분획법을 실시하여 제조한 분획물의 경우 에탄올 추출물보다 활성이 증가하였고, 비극성 분획물인 에칠아세테이트층이 극성 분획물인 부탄올층 보다 강한 항암활성을 보여주었다. 이상의 연구결과, 참외 볶음종자가 간암과 유방암 예방 및 치료 소재로서 개발될 가치가 있는 것으로 사료된다.

This work aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory effects of ethyl acetate fraction from Cnidium officinale Makino with a cellular system of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 and THP-1 cells. Some key pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators including NO, iNOS, PGE2, COX-2, TNF-α, NF-kB p50 and NF-kB p65 were studied by sandwich ELISA and western blot analysis. Ethyl acetate fraction could significantly inhibit the production of NO, PGE2, TNF-α, iNOS and COX-2 in LPS-stimulated cell than that of single LPS-stimulated. And ethyl acetate fraction suppresses the activation of NF-kB p50 and NF-kB p65. All the results showed that ethyl acetate fraction had a good anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 and THP-1 cells. Taken together, the anti-inflammatory actions of ethyl acetate fraction from Cnidium officinale Makino might be due to the down-regulation of NO, PGE2, TNF-α, iNOS and COX-2 via the suppression of NF-kB activation.

Investigation on oriental melon was carried out for 30 minutes starting at 7 PM every day from March 21 to May 24 to find out the effect of light emitting diode on seedling quality, grafting, growth and flowering of oriental melon. According to the result of the investigation, plant height was longer in Blue, Infrared, Red+Blue and Red treatment and leaf number was higher in Blue, Red+Blue and Infrared treatment than those of control. No big difference was identified between control and Yellow, Green, Ultraviolet treatments. Grafting rate was high in Green, Red+Blue and Green treatment. The number of flower evef}' week in control was nine, the number was almost 1 higher in White and Ultraviolet A treatments, but it was 1 to 4 lower in the rest of treatments. The number of female flowers of control was 10, however, it was 21 in Infrared treatment, 17 in White, 15 in Ultraviolet, 13 in Red+lnfrared, 12 in Blue and Red+Blue, 11 in Yellow and 8 in Green.

This experiment was carried out in order to collect the basic data on the standardization of the manufacturing process of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. var. purpurea Makino drying. By the drying methods of R. glutinosa, the content of water, inorganic components, reducing sugar, catalpol and benzo[α]pyrene were investigated. The water content was 15.6~17.2% when R. glutinosa was dried by cold-warm air moisture absorption drying method (CAMAD) at 60℃ during 6 days. Among of the inorganic components of R. glutinosa the K content was the most followed by P, Na, Ca and Mg. The reducing sugar content of R. glutinosa by the hot air drying method (HAD) was much more than that by the CAMAD. The catalpol content of R. glutinosa was not different by the drying temperature when it was dried by the CAMAD. The catalpol content of the large size tuber (about 50.0 g/unit) showed a tendency to increase from 60℃ until 70℃ drying temperature, but that of the small size tuber(about 4.0 g/unit) was decreased as being a trend as the drying temperature high when R. glutinosa was dried by the HAD, But the catalpol content R. glutinosa had a tendency to drop significantly at drying temperature above 80℃. The benzo[α]pyrene content was little detected when R. glutinosa was dried by both the SLD and the CAMAD, and the sampling by the HAD indicated within the scope of 5 μg/kg which was the scope to regulate by Korean food and drug administration. In conclusion, it seemed that an appropriate drying temperature of R. glutinosa by the CAMAD and the HAD was about 60℃ and about 70℃, respectively, when we consider the catalpol content and benzo[α]pyrene detection in the manufacturing process of drying R. glutinosa.

본 연구는 항염증 효능을 가지는 한방처방제 휘발성 향기추출물을 이용하여 염증질환 치료 한방화장품 기능성소재를 개발하고자 하였다. 먼저 전보에서 항염증 효능이 있는 것으로 알려진 천궁, 당귀, 박하 및 애엽을 비롯하여 5가지 생약(적작약, 숙지황, 황금, 인삼 및 감초)으로 구성된 4가지 한방처방제(HH-1: 천궁, 당귀, 적작약, 숙지황, HH-2: 천궁, 당귀, 적작약, 숙지황, 황금, 인삼, 감초, HH-3: 천궁, 당귀, 박하, 애엽, HH-4: 천궁, 당귀, 박하, 애엽, 황금, 인삼, 감초)를 선정한 후 연속수증기증류법(simultaneous steam distillation extraction, SDE)을 이용하여 추출한 휘발성 향기추출물의 항산화 및 항염증 활성을 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) 및 soybean lipoxygenase (SLO)를 이용하여 각각 측정한 결과, HH-2가 다소 높은 항산화 활성뿐 아니라 SLO 저해활성이 가장 높게 나타났다. 따라서 항염증 활성이 강한 HH-2의 항염증 효능을 보다 상세하게 확인하기 위해 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 유발한 RAW 264.7세포를 이용하여 염증 유발매개인자인 nitric oxide (NO)와 prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) 및 interleukin-6 (IL-6) 생성 억제 효과를 측정한 결과, HH-2가 강한 NO 생성 억제 효과뿐 아니라 PGE2 및 IL-6를 강하게 억제하여 우수한 항염증 활성을 나타내었다. 항염증 활성이 높은 HH-2의 휘발성향기성분을 GC-MS로 분석한 결과, eugenol, paeonol, butyl phthalide,β-eudesmol 및 butylidene dihydrophthalide로 확인되었다. 이러한 연구결과로부터 항산화뿐만 아니라 항염증활성이 높은 HH-2를 피부노화 및 염증질환 치료용 한방화장품의 기능성 소재 개발 가능성을 확인하였다

기내 배양된 Cymbidium속 춘란과 한란의 근경을 대상으로 장기배양에 따른 변이성을 비교하기 위하여 RAPD 분석을 실시하였다. 춘란은 총 151개 DNA 밴드 중 40개의 다형성 밴드가 증폭되어 다형성 비율은 26.4%였으며, 한란은 총 155개 밴드 중 56개의 다형성 밴드가 증폭되어 36.1%의 다형성 비율을 나타내었다. 단순일치 계수(simple-matching coefficient)를 사용하여 유전적 유사도 지수를 분석한 결과, 춘란의 개체간의 유전적 유사도 지수는 0.825~1.00 사이로 평균 0.944였다. 한란의 개체간 유전적 유사도 지수는 0.812~1.00 사이로 평균 0.913이었다. 군집분석결과 춘란은 유전적 유사도 지수 0.841과 0.837에서 1개의 그룹과 유집되지 않는 2개체로 나누어졌으며 한란보다 단순하게 유집되었다. 이와 같이 생장조절제가 첨가된 기내 배지에서 장기간 배양된 Cymbidium 근경은 유전적 다형성을 나타냈으며, 유전적 유사지수도 다소 낮게 나타났다. 이 결과는 추후 여러 가지 변이원을 이용한 자원식물개발과 품종육성의 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

In order to obtain basic data for utilization of the aerial parts of Cnidium officinale Makino (APCO), the antioxidant properties of the aerial parts and rhizomes of C. officinale were measured using DPPH and ABTS radicals, and nitrite scavenging assays. The ethyl acetate (EA) fraction prepared from the aerial parts of APCO showed the strongest antioxidant activities, and contained high level of total phenolic compounds (325.81 mgTE/g) and flavonoids (259.16 mgRE/g). The concentrations for 50% reductions (RC50) values of the DPPH and ABTS radicals, and nitrite by the EA fraction of APCO were 11.27 μg/ml, 14.34 μg/ml, and 10.26 μg/ml, respectively. APCO exhibited approximately 3-9 times higher antioxidant activity than rhizomes of C. officinale. The antioxidant capacities of APCO were positively correlated with its total phenolic contents. Therefore, it was concluded that the aerial parts of C. officinale can be a useful and cost-effective source of natural antioxidant for food or cosmetics.

In the present study, the anti-cancer activity of 80% ethanol extracts from 120 kinds of medicinal herbs and native plants were investigated. Among them, the barks of Melia azedarach L. var. japonica Makino showed the highest cytotoxicity in HCT-15 human colon cancer cell. With this result, we carried out hollow fiber (HF) assay and anti-metastasis study to confirm the anti-cancer effects of M. azedarach var. japonica. In MTT assay, M. azedarach var. japonica.inhibited the proliferation of HCT-15 cells in dose-dependent manner. HF assay was carried out using A549 human adenocarcinoma cell, HCT-15 and SK-Hep1 human liver cancer cell via intraperitoneal (IP) and subcutaneous (SC) site. As a results, SK-Hep1 implanted in IP site showed the highest cytotoxicity. The result from metastatic model using B16/BL6 mouse corresponded to that of HF assay. These results suggest that the ethanol extract from M. azedarach var. japonica. might have a potent anti-cancer activity and advanced study is needed for the development of novel natural anti-cancer drug.

본 연구는 속리산국립공원 내 쌍곡계곡에 분포하는 식물상을 조사하기 위해 수행되었고 조사기간은 2006년 3월부터 2007년 6월까지 조사하였다. 식물상을 조사한 결과, 88과 242속 342종 52변종 7품종 등 총 401분류군이 확인되었다. 한국특산식물은 개비자나무, 키버들, 개족도리, 할미밀망, 민산초나무, 청괴불나무, 병꽃나무, 분취 등 총 8분류군이 조사되었다. 환경부 지정 멸종위기식물은 망개나무 등 1분류군이며, 산림청 지정 희귀식물은 개족도리, 고란초, 망개나무, 백작약, 태백제비꽃, 꼬리진달래, 말나리 등 7분류군이 조사되었다. 이들의 보전을 위해서는 향후 희귀식물에 대한 구체적인 보전방안과 번식방법 등이 논의되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 자원식물은 관상용 식물 220분류군, 식용 식물 239분류군, 약용 식물 281분류군, 기타용 식물 206분류군으로 나타났다. 귀화식물은 오리새, 소리쟁이, 취명아주, 아까시나무, 붉은토끼풀, 토끼풀, 큰달맞이꽃, 비짜루국화, 붉은서나물, 개망초, 망초, 뚱딴지, 서양민들레 등 13분류군이 관찰되었으며, 귀화율은 약 3.24%, 자연파괴도는 약 4.53%로 나타났다.

조릿데의 천연식품소재 및 천연보존료로서의 이용가능성을 검토하기 위하여 줄기와 잎의 화학성분과 그 추출물의 항산화 효과, 아질산염 소거능 및 항균활성을 조사하였다. 조릿대 줄기와 잎의 수분 함량은 각각 59.87% 및 28.79%, 단백질 함량은 각각 2.09% 및 6.33%, 조지방 함량은 각각 1.21% 및 3.43%, 회분 함량은 각각 0.99% 및 3.76%로 나타났다. 무기성분 중에서 K이 줄기와 잎에 각각 350.27mg% 및 639.6

1기작재배와 2기작재배의 적합한 품종을 선발하고자 실험하였던바 1기작 재배에서는 Imsil종이 출수기는 6월 27일, 성숙기는 7월 4일로 빨랐고, 경장은 133cm로 길었고, 경수도 7.6개로 많았다. 건피수량에서도 10a당 483kg으로 표준품종 Gangwha종의 461kg보다 5% 증수여서 유망시 되었다. 2기작재배에서는 Gogseong종은 출수기는 7월 30일, 성숙기는 8월 8일로서 빨랐고, 경장은 148cm로 길었고, 경수도 6.6개로 많았다. 건피수량에서도 10a당 640kg으로 표준품종 Gangwha종의 422kg에 비하여 52%증수여서 유망시 되었기에 왕골 1, 2기작재배로서는 Imsil종과 Gogseong종이 유망하였다.

Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of Brassica juncea cultivars has been extensively performed for the purpose of molecular breeding. B. juncea L. Czern var. Laciniata Makino, a vegetable crop also called kyona, can be transformed using its hyp

We found that successful propagation method for inducing Chloranthus glaber's early fruition depends upon environment of cutting bed, preparation method of cut, and timely transplantation of rooting cut. The environment of cutting bed was effective when we made its depth 40cm, which is much deeper than that of general cutting bed. As for preparation method of cut, we did use about 15cm-long tip cut in around early or middle of May. Proper transplantation time of rooting cut was around 150 days after cutting because we induced 100%-rooting ratio as a result of transplanting in around October after spending the summer in cutting bed. To concrete, if we made up 15cm- high Chloranthus glaber's tip cut, treated it with 1,000 mg/l IBA, plant growth regulators, and cut it in 40cm-wide pot which is compounded with vermiculite, peatmoss, and perlite in around early or middle of May, then we had it born fruits in autumn of the same year. Therefore, these researchers secured technique for annual inflorescence of Chloranthus glaber's tip cut seedling; otherwise, it would take more 5 or 6 years to bear fruit through general propagation method.

Four compounds were isolated from Suaeda japonica by repeated column chromatography. Their structures were identified as 2'-hydroxy-6,7-methylenedioxy-isoflavone (1), loliolide (2), dehydrovomifoliol (3), and uridine (4) by spectral analysis and comparison with the published data. All compounds were isolated for the first time from this plant.

The flowers of Chrysanthemum boreale Makino were extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned with n-hexane, EtOAc, n-BuOH and H2O. Two compounds from the n-hexane fraction and one glucoside from the n-BuOH fraction were isolated through the repeated silica gel and ODS column chromatographies. From the result of physico-chemical data including NMR, MS and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as β-sitosterol (1), phytol (2) and zingerone 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3). Compounds 2 and 3 were isolated for the first time from this plant.

To determine the optimal fertilizer level of wanggol in southeren areas of Korea, Gwangsan ealy local, the highest yielding variety was grown under nine different fertilezer levels. Yield components such as stem length, number of tillers, stem diameter were the highest at the treatments of fertilizer levels, N-P2O5-K2O=7-2-3 and 9-2-3 kg/10a plots. Dry cortex and medulla yield were the highest at the treatments of N-P2O5-K2O=7-2-3 and 9-2-3 kg/10a fertilizer levels. Judging from the results, an optimum fertilizer level of wanggol seemed to be N-P2O5-K2O=7-2-3 and 9-2-3 kg/10a.