문화원형은 전통문화와 다른 의미로 해석된다. 한 사회의 주 요한 행동양식이나 상징체계를 문화라고 한다면 문화원형은 민 족 또는 지역의 특징을 잘 담고 다른 것과 구별되는 원래모습 에 해당되는 문화라 할 수 있고 전통문화는 과거부터 현재에 이르는 사회의 관습이나 행동양식 등을 일컫는다. 문화원형을 한국문화콘텐츠진흥원에서는 ‘한국적인 정체성, 나아가 고유성 을 가진 문화에 대한 원천자료를 지칭하는 것으로 문화원형은 콘텐츠 제작을 위한 원천소스 또는 원천자료‘라고 하였다. 문화 원형이라는 말이 본격적으로 사용된 것은 20여년 된다. 2002년 문화관광부와 한국콘텐츠진흥원이 ’문화원형 디지털콘텐츠화 사업‘을 진행하면서 문화원형에 대한 관심이 높아지게 되었고 문화원형이라는 말이 보편화되었다. 그러나 문화원형 발굴에 대한 결과물에 치중하다보니 다양한 산업에서 원천콘텐츠로 활 용되지 못하고 있다. 1990년대 중반부터 대중문화를 중심으로 우리나라의 문화가 외국에서 인기를 얻는 한류는 우리나라의 한류(韓流)는 아시아를 넘어 국가를 초월하여 전 세계로 퍼져 나가고 있다. 1990년대에 드라마와 영화를 시작으로 게임과 K-pop 등 다양한 형태의 문화를 전 세계인이 교감하고 있다. 무엇보다 한류는 소셜미디어, OTT 플랫폼들과 결합하여 동시 다발적으로 확장되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 발굴사업을 통해 발굴된 문화원형과 그 밖에 무궁무진한 우리나라의 문화원형(Culture Archetype)에 대하여 더욱 다양해지고 있는 유통 채 널을 활용하는 등 캐릭터 콘텐츠에 대한 OSMU(One Source Multi Use)를 확보할 수 있는 접근방법론과 활용 가능성을 고 찰해 보고자 하였다. 우선 본 연구에서는 캐릭터 콘텐츠의 IP관리 체계와 OSMU 의 전개 유형을 알아보고 문화원형을 기반으로 하는 OSMU 사 례 등을 분석하여 문화원형을 기반으로 하는 캐릭터 콘텐츠의 OSMU에 대하여 전략적 관점에서 진흥방안을 제안하고자 한 다.

This study monitored the caffeine content of ready-to-drink coffee and verified the appropriateness of the labeling. The caffeine content was analyzed using HPLC. The average caffeine content of cold brew coffee was 0.31-1.04 mg/mL, with an average of 0.55 mg/mL. The average content of product was 147.27 mg/bottle, and taking into account the recommended daily intake, an adult can consume 2.7 bottles. Americano coffee was 0.15- 0.38 mg/mL, with an average of 0.28 mg/mL. The average content of product was 110.42 mg/bottle, and considering the recommended daily intake, an adult can consume 3.6 bottles. The caffeine content of decaffeinated cold brew coffee was 5.14 mg/bottle and compared to Americano coffee, more than 95% of the caffeine was removed. In addition, we verified the tolerance level of the total caffeine content in ready-to-drink coffee, and none of them exceeded 120%, signifying that all commercial products were effectively managed.

This study investigated the changes in the cyanogenic glycoside (CN-Glc) content of maesil chung (MC) prepared according to its preparation conditions (i.e., maesil part, sugar type, maesil-sugar mixing ratio, liquid separation) and sugaring-ripening period and the quality characteristics of their products finalized through filtration and heat treatment (85oC, 30 min) with the 6-month ripened MC. The CN-Glc content dramatically decreased when the maesil flesh, isomaltooligosaccharide, maesil:sugar ratio of 5:5, and liquid separation after the 4-month sugaring were applied to the MC production. The CN-Glc content decreased with the ripening period. There was no effect of filtration and heat treatment on the CN-Glc reduction of the MC product. The sugar type predominantly affected the soluble solid and total carbohydrate content of the MC products, and their contents increased in the order of high-fructose corn syrup > sucrose > isomaltooligosaccharide. The MC product at a maesil:sugar ratio of 6:4 exhibited the higher organic acid content. There was no direct association between the total polyphenolic compound content and the preparation conditions of the MC product. Overall, the use of maesil flesh as a maesil ingredient and more than 6-month ripening after liquid separation may be a pivotal factor in producing the cyanogenic glycoside-reduced maesil chung.

The objective of this study was to investigate changes in the cyanogenic glycoside (CN-Glc) content of apricot and plum chungs over the sugaring-ripening period and to evaluate their quality characteristics. The whole and flesh parts of the apricot and plum were mixed with sugar to a mixing ratio of 1:1 (w/w) to prepare their chungs, after which the fruit-sugar mixtures were stored for 13 months. The CN-Glc content dramatically increased within 3-4 months, reached the maximum, and gradually decreased over storage by 13 months. The apricot and plum chungs with seeds exhibited much higher CN-Glc contents than those without seeds. All chungs stored for 10 months were filtrated and treated for 30 min at 85oC to measure their quality characteristics. Similar soluble solid contents (53.4- 53.6oBx) were found in all chungs. The apricot and plum chungs without seeds exhibited the higher concentrations of total carbohydrate, organic acid, and total polyphenolic compounds than those with seeds. In addition, the color of the apricot and plum chungs without seeds was darker and deeper yellow than those with seeds. Overall, the apricot and plum flesh may be better for producing the stone fruit chungs with minimal CN-Glc content and better nutrition.

Heavy water (deuterium oxide, D2O) is water in which hydrogen atoms (1H, H), one of the constituent elements of water molecules, have been replaced with deuterium (2H, D), a heavier isotope. Heavy water is used in a variety of industries, including semiconductors, nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, neutron deceleration, neutrino detection, metabolic rate studies, neutron capture therapy, and the production of radioactive materials such as plutonium and tritium. In particular, heavy water is used as a neutron moderator or coolant in nuclear reactors and as a fuel for nuclear fusion energy, methods for measuring heavy water are becoming increasingly important. There are methods with density, mass spectrometry, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. In this study, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used, which is commonly used in IR spectroscopy because of its relatively high analytical sensitivity, low operating costs, and easy online analysis. Heavy water was identified in the range of 2,300-2,600 cm-1 wavenumber (O-D) and the range of 1,200-1,300 cm-1 wavenumber (D-O-D), which are known to be the range with strong infrared absorption. As a result, the linearity of infrared absorbance for each heavy water concentration was confirmed within the relative expansion uncertainty (k=2).

As the consumption of corn increases, the production of by-products is also increasing. In this study, functional substances and antioxidant activities of corn by-products were investigated to determine their applicability as functional materials. Total polyphenol, flavonoid contents, and ABTS antioxidant activity were the highest in leaves. The total phenolic acid content was the highest in cobs; p-coumaric and ferulic acid were the main components. Phytosterol content in leaves and stems was high at 64 and 50 days after sowing, 261.4 and 274.7 mg/100 g, respectively. β-sitosterol of the leaves and stems was the highest, 149.2 and 138.7 mg/100 g. The total phytosterol content of grains and by-products harvested 106 days after sowing was in the order of: corn silk, husk, grain, leaf, stem, and cob. Among the phytosterols, β-sitosterol was the highest, followed by stigmasterol and campesterol, and the composition was different depending on part. The total phytosterol content was the highest in husk and corn silk, but the stems and leaves, which account for 50% of the total corn biomass, also contained high phytosterol content. Therefore, corn leaves and stems are expected to be used as functional raw materials for the development of functional materials in the future.

Changes in contents of free sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids of legumes were analyzed for each phase of in vitro digestion. In addition, contents of resistant starch in raw and digested pulses were compared. Soybeans, kidney beans, cowpeas, and chickpeas were analyzed. An in vitro digestion model was used to analyze contents of nutrients using LC-MS and GC-MS. Stachyose in kidneybean, cowpea, and chickpea increased as the digestion phase progressed. In four types of legumes, raffinose slightly decreased or showed no significant difference between the Oral phase and the BBMV phase. Content of glucose, a monosaccharide, increased during the BBMV phase. During the digestion phase, levels of free amino acids and free fatty acids also increased. Content of resistant starch was reduced compared to that in the raw material. It was 0.01g/100 g food in soybean, 1.06 g/100 g food in red kidney bean, 0.77g/ 100g food in cowpea, and 0.76 g/100 g food in chickpea. It was confirmed that nutrients in the in vitro digestion model were liberated at each digestion phase with changes in the content of resistant starch. These results are expected to be used as fundamental data for obtaining bioavailability of nutrients.

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study was to improve the performance of concrete pavements by decreasing measurement deviations using an Internet of Things (IoT)-based air content measurement device. METHODS : We calculated the properties of concrete which varied according to the air content. For a low measurement deviation, the concrete pavement performed according to the design standard. To confirm the difference in the performance of the concrete pavement for various air contents, we verified the change in the relative dynamic modulus according to the number of freeze–thaw cycles for each value of the air content. In addition, we analyzed the number of durability cracks according to the freeze–thaw cycles in the field. RESULTS : We confirmed that IoT-based measurement equipment improved the performance of pavements without changing their mixing designs or specifications. We confirmed that the performance of concrete pavements changed even with variations in air content within the range of quality standards. Using IoT-based air content management, we confirmed the reduction in concrete pavement durability cracks without changing the mixing design. CONCLUSIONS : We confirmed that IoT-based air-content management improved pavement performance. The feasibility of extending this concept to manage other concrete properties such as the chloride content should be acknowledged. Future research will require laboratory tests to understand the variation in concrete properties with varying air contents and to consider diverse load conditions.

Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), which is a traditional Korean crop, has been known as a health food due to its rich nutrition. This study was conducted to evaluate the change in flavonoid content of flowers and seeds during post-flowering growth of Korean tartary buckwheat variety ‘Hwanggeummiso’, with the aim of providing basic data for the development of functional food and feed additive. Tartary buckwheat took 69 and 99 days from the sowing date to reach the flowering and maturity stages, respectively. As a result of examining the flavonoid components of each part of tartary buckwheat, chlorogenic acid, rutin, and isoquercitrin of flowers increased from the flowering period on 22 May (0 days after flowering) to 42 days after flowering, while quercetin increased until 21 days after flowering and then decreased thereafter. In seeds, chlorogenic acid, rutin, and isoquercitrin were most abundant at the time of seed-bearing on 14 days after flowering, and showed a decreasing tendency thereafter. On the other hand, quercetin showed a tendency to increase until 21 days after flowering and then decrease. Overall, the flavonoid content was higher in flowers than in seeds, with rutin being particularly prominent. Based on this, the possibility as food materials and feed additives was confirmed using buckwheat produced in Korea.

Immersive content provides a differentiated and immersive experience from existing content. It is a type of content that stimulates various senses, such as vision, hearing, touch, smell, and taste, to allow users to experience the world as if it were real. Among them, holograms are a technology that creates three-dimensional images using light. Unlike traditional 2D images, holograms can provide a realistic experience. The three-dimensionality and depth of holograms make users feel a strong sense of space and presence, making them a promising next-generation content for expressing virtual worlds. This study aimed to analyze the suitability of hologram technology for immersive content and the correlation between storytelling in immersive content in this trend. To this end, we produced a holographic immersive content of Tchaikovsky's "Swan Lake," which has a narrative structure of rising action, climax, and falling action. In the production process, we used floating solar panels as a power source, considering the environmental aspect. We showed the produced immersive content to related experts and collected their opinions through semi-structured interviews. As a result of the analysis, we confirmed that holograms are an effective technology for enhancing the immersion of immersive content. We also confirmed that storytelling plays an important role in enhancing the immersion of immersive content.

Yellow-fleshed "Sweet Gold" kiwifruit on Jeju Island were studied to examine how irrigation and soil moisture control affected changes in photosynthetic traits and fruit quality during fruit maturation (120 to 170 days after full bloom). Concerning photosynthetic characteristics, the photosynthetic rate decreased by 10-19%, stomatal conductance by 24-47%, and transpiration rate by 8-25%, when compared to conventional irrigation, as irrigation was reduced and soil moisture content decreased. Fruit weight showed a tendency to increase until harvest, and while a lower soil moisture content led to a less pronounced increase in fruit weight, this difference was not statistically significant. The dry matter rate exhibited a similar trend to the change in fruit weight. Sugar content demonstrated a continuous increase after 130 days, with lower irrigation amounts resulting in higher levels of sugar content due to decreased soil moisture. The Hue value (h°) exhibited a continuous decrease after 140 days from full bloom, correlating with declining soil moisture content. After 130 days from full bloom, soluble sugar content increased rapidly while starch content gradually decreased after 150 days from full bloom. However, with conventional irrigation, the increase in soluble sugar content tended to be less noticeable. This study confirmed that in yellow-fleshed ‘Sweet Gold’ kiwifruit, managing irrigation and soil moisture reduction during the ripening period can lead to decreased fruit weight but increased dry matter, sugar content, and expression of flesh color, ultimately enhancing fruit quality and expediting ripening.

현재 OTT 서비스는 매년 성장하고 있다. 국내에서도 2016년 넷플릭스(Netflix)의 등장 이후 웨이브, 티빙 등 국산 OTT 서비스들이 생겨나며 산업 생태계가 만들어졌다. 하지만 아직 성장하고 있는 매출에 비해서 대부분 OTT 서비스는 이익률이 높지 않고 적자인 상황이다. 유일하게 흑자인 기업은 넷플릭스뿐이다. OTT 서비스를 통해 미디어콘텐츠산업이 성장은 하고 있지만, 앞으로는 수익을 높여야 하는 상황이다. 이러한 OTT와 미디어콘텐츠산업이 어떻게 성장하고 연결되어 있는지를 OTT 서비스의 현황과 콘텐츠 유통 등을 통해 분석하였다. 그리고 앞으로 미디어콘텐츠산업의 지형이 어떤 변화가 발생하는지 살펴보았다.

The goal of this study was to examine the PCK required for science teachers and PCK required for university teacher educators in terms of school science knowledge, science teaching and learning, and the role of science educators, which are the main axes of science education in future schools, and to explore the relationship between them. This study is a follow-up to a previous stage of research that explored the prospects for changes in schools in the future (2040-2050) in terms of school knowledge, educational methods, and teacher roles. Based on in-depth interviews, qualitative and semantic network analyses were conducted to derive and compare the characteristics of PCK and PCK. As for the main research results, science teacher PCK in future schools should include expertise in organizing science classes centered on convergence topics, expertise in digital platforms and ICT use, and expertise in building a network of learning communities and resources, as part of the expertise of human teachers differentiated from AI. Teacher educators' PCK includes expertise in the research and development of T-L methods using AI, expertise in the knowledge construction process and practice, and expertise in developing preservice teachers’ research competencies. Discussed in the conclusion is the change in teacher PCK and teacher educator PCK with changes in science knowledge, such as convergence-type knowledge and cognition-value integrated knowledge; and the need to emphasize values, attitudes, and ethical judgments for the coexistence of humans and non-humans as school science knowledge in the post-humanism future society.