본 연구는 일회성 발목가동성 운동프로그램이 만성적인 발목불안정성(CAI)에 나타나는 발목가 동범위와 통증 수준에 미치는 영향을 확인하는데 목적이 있다. 연구 대상자는 발목불안정성 설문지 검사에 서 좌, 우측 평균 점수가 24점 이하인 성인여성 20명을 선정 하였으며 집단은 일회성 발목 가동성 운동프 로그램 집단(Ankle mobility exercise program, AE, n=10)과 대조군(CON, n=10)으로 구분하였다. AE 처 치는 일회성 운동에 대한 반응을 확인하기 위해 좌·우측 발목을 각각 1회(20분) 실시하였으며 처치 전후 발목불안정성 검사, 통증 및 발목가동범위를 확인하였다. 먼저 AE 프로그램을 실시한 AE 집단의 통증 수 준은 사전과 비교하여 사후 유의하게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다(p<.01). 또한 AE 프로그램 처치한 AE 집 단에서 배측굴곡이 사전과 비교하여 증가하는 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 이러한 결과를 종합해 보면 일회성 발목 가동성 운동 프로그램은 CAI에서 나타나는 발목 통증과 발목의 가동범위를 개선시켜 결과적으로 발 목 불안정성을 완화시킬 수 있는 효과적인 운동 중재 방법이라고 생각된다.

목적 본 연구의 목적은 성인 여성을 대상으로 예방적 선불교 명상 프로그램을 실시하고 프로그램의 실시가 심리적 안녕감과 자기자비 증진에 효과가 있는 확 인하는 것이다. 방법 유사실험설계(Quasi-experimental design)를 통하여 성인 여성 실험집 단 19명, 통제집단 23명을 대상으로 하는 프로그램 효과 검증을 실시하였다. 이를 위하여 2023년 2월 2박 3일 예방적 선불교 명상 프로그램을 실시하고, 심 리적 안녕감 척도와 자기자비 척도를 활용하여 사전-사후 검사를 실시하여 프 로그램의 효과를 검증하였다. 결과 첫째, 예방적 선불교 명상 프로그램은 성인 여성의 심리적 안녕감의 하위 요인 중 긍정적 대인관계, 척도 전체에서 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났 다. 둘째, 예방적 선불교 명상 프로그램은 성인 여성의 자기자비의 하위요인 중 마음챙김과 척도 전체에서 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 본 연구에서 선불교 명상 프로그램은 확고한 불교 교학을 기반으로 이론 과 방법을 연결한 명상 프로그램을 통해 누구든 쉽게 접근이 가능한 예방프로 그램을 실시하고 그 효과를 확인하였다는데 그 의의가 있다.

Submarining is a phenomenon in that the lap belt goes over the pelvis of the occupant during a frontal crash. It is known to be one of the causes of serious abdominal injuries for the belted occupant. The goal of the current study was to investigate the effect of both the belt geometry and dummy variations on the occurrence of submarining. A series of quasi-static belt-pull tests were performed to evaluate the influence of the parameters on the occurrence of the submarining. The main influencing factor of the submarining was the lap belt angle. The tear or wrinkle of the dummy clothing and torso angle relative to the pelvis also affected the propensity of the submarining. Therefore, these parameters need to be closely monitored to obtain repeatable test results.

기대수명의 증가나 산업구조의 다변화 등 여러 요인에 의해 평생교육의 중요성이 부각되고 있으며, 우리나라에서도 국가사업의 일환으로 평생교육정책이 확대되면서 성인학습자들에 관한 연구가 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 교수자와의 관계를 통한 지지가 중년기 여성인 성인학습자의 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 특히 중년기 여성이 대학생활을 경험함에 있어서 느끼는 만족이 이 두 변수 사이에서 어떠한 역할을 하는지 분석하여 그 영향력을 규명하고, 차후 평생교육정책의 수립 및 평생교 육실천현장에 유용한 정보를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 경남에 위치한 2년제 및 4년제 대학에 재학 중인 중년기 여성을 대상으로 설문조사한 255부의 설문지를 분석에 활용하였다. 본 연구의 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중년 여성학습자의 대학생활만족에 교수자 지지는 통계적으로 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 교수자 지지는 중년 여성학습자의 삶의 질에 통계적으로 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 중년 여성학습자의 대학생활만족은 교수자 지지와 삶의 질과의 관계에 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 분석결과를 바탕으로 중년여성의 평생 교육 활성화 및 삶의 질 향상을 위한 제언을 하였다.

Diet is important for muscle health and offers a protective effects against the loss of skeletal muscle mass and physical functions with advancing age. We analyzed the relationship between diet, metabolic disease risk, and sarcopenia in Korean female adults using the 2009-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). A total of 2038 adult women aged 50-64 years were classified into four groups based on the diagnosis of menopause and sarcopenia. The groups were the non-menopause and non-sarcopenia group (NMNS, n=249), the non-menopause and sarcopenia group (NMS, n=14), the menopause and non-sarcopenia group (MNS, n=1,653), and the menopause and sarcopenia group (MS, n=122). The socio-demographics, anthropometrics, blood profile, and dietary data of the subjects were collected. Those who were in both the sarcopenia groups were more obese (p<0.001), had greater waist circumferences (p<0.001), higher body mass index (p<0.001), and higher obesity rates (p<0.001) after adjustment for covariants. Both the sarcopenia groups also had higher plasma levels of total cholesterol (p<0.001), HbA1c (p=0.001), and vitamin D (p=0.020) than both the non-sarcopenia groups. Both the sarcopenia groups demonstrated a decreased intake of calcium (p=0.05), potassium (p=0.008), and niacin (p=0.008) than both the non-sarcopenia ones. Among the four groups, the NMS group showed the highest levels of total cholesterol, obesity, and lowest intake of micronutrients such as calcium, niacin, and potassium. Thus, muscle mass maintenance through weight control and adequate nutrient intake appears to demonstrate a potential association with preventing sarcopenia in Korean middle-aged women.

Dietary components can modulate stress, inflammatory indicators, and health risk. This study examined the relationship among diet, metabolic disease risk, and perceived stress in Korean adult females using the 2017-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 4,353 adult women aged 19-64 years were classified into four groups according to perceived stress level: very high stress group (VHSG, n=225), high stress group (HSG, n=1,079), moderate stress group (MSG, n=2,532), and low stress group (LSG, n=517). Data collection included the sociodemographics, anthropometrics, blood profile, and dietary survey. After adjusting for covariates, those in the VHSG had a higher body mass index (p=0.013) and obesity rate (p=0.053) with a shorter sleep time than the LSG group. The VHSG also tended to have a higher plasma LDL-cholesterol, hsC-reactive protein and lower levels of HDL-cholesterol, vitamin A, and vitamin E than the low stress group. High stress subjects demonstrated increased breakfast skipping frequency (p<0.0001), decreased fiber intake (p=0.001), potassium (p=0.041), and vitamin A (p=0.011) than the low stress ones. Therefore the perceived stress level was associated with the inflammatory indicators, obesity, and lack of anti-inflammatory or antioxidant nutrients. The dietary components may be an important mediator of stress and metabolic disease.

본 연구는 정서조절 설문지와 정서조절 과제를 사용하여, 정서조절 전략인 재해석과 억제에 대한 경향성과 사용이 일치하는지 탐구하였다. 또한, 성격특성, 회복탄력성 척도를 사용하여 정서조절의 효과성과 관련이 있는 개인 내 변인들을 탐색하였다. 연구 대상은 60명의 여자 대학생으로, 연구 1에서는 40명을 집단 간 설계로 재해석과 억제 집단에 각각 20명씩 무작위로 할당하였고, 연구 2에서는 실험 1에 참가하지 않은 여자 대학생 20명을 대상으로 집단 내 설계로 재해석과 억제 과제를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 정서조절 과제를 통한 재해석 전략과 억제 전략의 사용은 부정적인 정서를 효과적으로 감소시킨 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 과제를 통해 측정된 정서조절의 사용과 자가보고 설문지를 통해 측정된 정서조절 경향성은 일치하지 않았다. 셋째, 억제 전략의 사용은 성격 특성의 외향성과 연관되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 실제 사용하는 전략과 정서조절 전략에 대한 주관적 평가가 일치하지 않을 수 있음을 시사한다. 또한, 본 연구 결과는 억제에 비해 재해석이 기능적이라고 주장하는 기존의 연구 결과를 지지한다.

There is only limited evidence for the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and mental health in Korea. This study examined the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and mental health according to physical activity among Korean adult women. Based on data of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014-2016), a total of 5,332 participants were included in this analysis. With increasing fruits and vegetables consumption, the prevalence of depressive mood was significantly decreased (p for trend=0.0248). The prevalence of stress perception (p for trend=0.0422) and the prevalence of depressive mood (p for trend=0.0300) were decreased with increasing fruit consumption. The prevalence of depressive mood was significantly decreased when fruit and vegetable consumption (p for trend=0.0370) and fruit consumption (p for trend=0.0356) were increased for those Korean women with low intensity of physical activity. For the obesity group (Body mass index 25 kg/m2), the prevalence of depressive mood was decreased with increasing fruit and vegetable consumption (p for trend=0.0111) and increasing fruit consumption (p for trend=0.0165). In conclusion, fruit and vegetable consumption were associated with mental health according to physical activity among Korean adult women. Further prospective studies are warranted to explore the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and mental health among Korean adult women.

Background: Improvement of the lumbo-pelvic stability can reduce the compensatory action of the erector spinae (ES) during prone hip extension (PHE). Furthermore, the application of abdominal drawing-in (ADI) maneuver increases the action of gluteus maximus (GM) and decreases the action of ES during PHE by improving the lumbo-pelvic stability. However, the post-ADI exercise effects on PHE, not the real-time application of ADI maneuver, has not been studied. Objects: This study is aimed at investigating the post-ADI exercise effects on the muscle activities of GM and ES during PHE. Methods: A total of 24 female adults participated in the study, and they were divided into two groups: Those with normal abdominal muscles (n1=12) and those with weak abdominal muscles (WA) (n2=12). Before the intervention, the subjects’ GM and ES muscle activities during PHE were measured. Subsequently, the two groups were asked to perform the ADI exercise for 10 minutes. After the ADI exercise, the GM and ES activities were equally measured during PHE. Results: The comparison result of the ES muscle activities before intervention shows a significant difference between the two groups (p<.05); the WA group showed higher muscle activities than the normal group. For the within-group comparison, the muscle activities of the ES in the WA group significantly decreased after the ADI exercise (p<.05). For the GM muscle activity, no significant difference was observed in all comparisons (p>.05). For the changes in muscle activities before and after the ADI exercise, a significant difference exists between the two groups only for the changes in ES activities (p<.05); WA group exhibits higher changes than the normal group. By contrast, no significant difference exists between the two groups for the changes in GM activities (p>.05). Conclusion: After the ADI exercise, the compensatory action of ES in the female adults with WC is implied to decrease during PHE.

We investigated coffee consumption in relation to the abdominal obesity as defined by waist circumference in Korean women aged 19~64 years, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2012~2016. The participants to the study were classified according to 3-in-1 coffee consumption level (none-coffee, ≤1 time/day of 3-in-1 coffee, >1 time/day of 3-in-1 coffee) by a food frequency questionnaire. The analysis was conducted by the following age groups: <50 years and 50≤ years. The 3-in-1 coffee consumption group had significantly more smokers and more alcohol consumption frequency as compared to the none-coffee group. The energy intake from the participants in the 3-in-1 coffee consumption of ≤1 time/day of 3-in-1 coffee group, and >1 time/day of 3-in-1 coffee group were 131.2 kcal/day and 123.1 kcal/day. In the 50 years or over age group, >1 time/day of 3-in-1 coffee group was at a lower risk of abdominal obesity as defined by waist circumference, compared with the non-coffee group multivariable adjustment (OR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.25~0.77). Our findings suggest that the 3-in-1 coffee consumption may be related to abdominal obesity as defined by waist circumference in Korean females aged 50 years or over.

2016년 4월부터 5월까지 20대부터 60대까지의 국내 성인 여성들을 대상으로 설문지 366부를 본 연구에 사용하였다. 천연 소재를 활용하여 항산화 맥주의 활용 가능성을 확인하고자 항산화 활성을 측정하였고, 항산화 수제 맥주에 대한 선호도 조사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 연구 대상자는 음주 인식에 대해 긍정적으로 확인되었으며, 국내 성인 여성들은 맥주에 대한 선호도가 높으며, 체력, 기분, 상황, 장소, 동행자 유형에 따라 음주 형태는 달라지는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 또한 주정으로 추출된 천연 소재에서 높은 항산화 활성 효과를 확인하였고, 수제 맥주 선호도 조사에서는 아로니아 열매를 첨가한 군이 전체적으로 높은 평가를 받은 것으로 확인되었다. 이와 같은 결과를 통해 국내 성인 여성 음주 및 항산화 맥주 개발에 대한 기초 자료가 될 것으로 사료되어진다.

The purpose of this study was to classify the upper torso body types of obese Korean adult women using the 7th Korea National Anthropometric Study data and compare the body type differences according to three age groups: 20s～30s, 40s～50s, and 60s. A total of 548 adult women whose BMI was in the obese range of 25 or higher and whose age ranged from 20s to 60s were selected from the anthropometric database. Twenty-nine body measurements related to torso and arm areas important for torso and sleeve pattern development were chosen. Five drop values by differences between bust, waist, and hip circumferences were also chosen for analysis. The number of obese women increased with age. The results revealed seven factors according to the factor analysis and three obese body types based on the cluster analysis. Body type 1 (47.3% of obese women) was characterized by narrow shoulders, a small or medium torso, and a straight waist. Body type 2 (42.4% of obese women) was characterized by a defined waist and a larger lower torso than upper torso. Body type 3 (10.3% of obese women), the largest obese body type among the three types, was characterized by a large bust, large abdomen area, and long upper torso. Women in their 20s to 30s were most likely to have body type 2, women in their 40s to 50s were evenly distributed between body types 2 and 3, and women in their 60s were most likely to have body type 1.

Stress has been associated with poor eating behavior and diet quality. Yet, the relationship between nutrient and food intake and perceived stress in Korean female adults has not been validated. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between nutrient and food intake and perceived stress in Korean female adults. This is a cross-sectional study based on the 2014-2015 Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey data. This study investigated 2,010 female adults age 19~64. In this study, according to subjects' perceived stress, we classified subjects into very low-stress recognition group (VLSRG) (n=211), low-stress recognition group (VSRG) (n=1,223), high-stress recognition group (HSRG) (n=488) and very high-stress recognition group (VHSRG) (n=88). Daily nutrients and food group intake, food groups consumed (Dietary Diversity Score, DDS) were analyzed using data from the 24-recall method. The VHSRG had a larger proportion of subjects that were younger (p<0.0001), single (p<0.0001) and smokers (p<0.0001) compared to the VLSRG. Energy and food intake did not differ between the four groups. Percentage of subjects with protein (p=0.0322), vitamin A (p=0.0364) and vitamin C (p=0.0115) intake lower than the EAR (estimated average requirement) in the VHSRG were significantly lowest in the four groups. Also, food intake percentage from fruits and seaweed groups in the VHSRG were lower than other groups (p=0.0034, p=0.0015). DDS in the VHSRG (3.87) was significantly lowest in the four groups (p=0.0022). Results suggest that perceived stress in Korean female adults may by significant to consider in nutritional education programs.

본 연구에서는 고강도 운동 후 전신진동이 근피로도 감소와 심박회복율에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 피험자 는 총 20명으로 진동을 제공받는 그룹과 진동을 제공받지 않는 그룹으로 구성되어 있다. 고강도 운동은 경사 8.5도와 보행속도 4km/h를 30분간 제공하였고, 그룹별 진동유무별 의자형 진동기 위에서 30분간 휴식을 취하였다. 전신진동자 극은 10Hz의 진동주파수와 5mm의 진폭을 제공하였다. 진동유무별 피로도 감소와 심박안정화 효과를 검증하기 위해 혈중 젖산농도와 실시간 심박수 변화를 측정하였다. 실험결과, 진동을 제공받는 그룹에서 95.2% 수준의 더 큰 근피로도 감소결과와 50.67%의 더 빠른 심박회복율 결과를 보였다. 이는 고강도 운동 후 전신진동이 근육속 혈관을 지속적으로 자극하여 운동 후 초과산소섭취를 빠르게 해소하고 혈액순환 기능을 증진시켜 피로도를 감소시킨다. 고강도 운동 후 전신진동을 이용한 휴식은 노약자나 여성들에게 운동 후 다른 육체적 활동 없이 마무리운동으로 긍정적 효과를 기대할 수 있다.

This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a nutrition and exercise education program on weight control and nutrition knowledge. The nutrition-exercise educational period was 12 weeks. The subjects were 160 adult women with an average age of 48.1 years. We investigated general characteristics, diet history, eating habits, and intake frequencies of six food groups by survey. A total of 94 women among the subjects participated in the pre and post nutrition knowledge evaluations and anthropometric data assessment. After the program, body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference significantly decreased. Further, % of body fat decreased, but not significantly. BMI significantly decreased (p<0.001) from 25.14 to 24.80 kg/m2, and waist circumference significantly decreased (p<0.001) from 79.72 to 77.63 cm. The nutrition knowledge scores of subjects significantly increased (p<0.001) from 8.01 to 9.03. However, there was little change in employment. These results suggest that the nutrition-exercise education program may improve obesity index and nutrition knowledge. However, it is necessary to develop a specialized weight control program for workers.