자기공명영상은 영상 의학 분야에서 다른 진단 장비에 비해 연부 조직에 대한 높은 대조도를 지니고 있고 인대의 손상, 주변 조직의 염증, 골염 등의 병변을 진단하는 데 유용하여 연골 및 관절 병변의 진단에 널리 이용되고 있다. 또한, 기존 고식적 TSE 기법 외에도 SMS 기법, DL 기법, CS 기법, 병렬 영상 기법 등 다양한 펄스 시퀀스들이 개발되고 임상에서 사용되고 있다. 본 연구는 무릎 관절 자기공명영상 검사에서 얇은 절편 검사 시 고식적 TSE 기법, SMS TSE 기법, DL TSE 기법에서 영상을 획득하여 각 각의 영상의 비교를 통해 무릎 관절 영상 획득에 최적의 기법에 대하여 알아보고자 한다. 무릎 관절 질환의 진단을 위해 본원에 내원한 환자를 대상으로 고식적 TSE 기법, SMS TSE 기법, DL TSE 기법을 적용하여 시상면 T2 강조 영상을 획득한 후 신호 대 잡음비, 대조도 대 잡음비, 검사 시간, 영상의 질 평가를 정량적, 정성 적 방법으로 비교 분석하였다. 연구 결과 세 가지 기법으로 획득한 영상 비교 시 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 환자 의 상태와 임상의 상황을 종합적으로 고려하여 적절한 기법을 선택한다면, 최적의 영상을 제공할 수 있다고 생각된다.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidative activities of jeolpyun containing Cnidium officinale M extract (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%) by total polyphenol contents, electron donating ability on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), scavenging ability of superoxide anion radical and decomposing ability of hydrogen peroxide. In chromaticity analysis, the brightness significantly decreased with increasing Cnidium officinale M extract content. Jeolpyun containing 8% Cnidium officinale M extract revealing the highest value for the redness and the yellowness, 1.07, 12.70, respectively. The total polyphenol contents of jeolpyun containing 8% Cnidium officinale M extract were the highest content of 4,213 μg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mL. The total polyphenol contents revealed significant difference (p<0.05). Jeolpyun containing 8% Cnidium officinale M extract revealing the highest electron donating ability (83.55%). The electron donating abilities were significantly related at p<0.05. The scavenging abilities of superoxide anion radical for jeolpyun containing 4% Cnidium officinale M extract revealed the highest ability (0.01676). There was no significant difference. The hydrogen peroxide decomposing ability for jeolpyun containing 8% Cnidium officinale M extract revealed the most hydrogen peroxide decomposing ability (－0.193) and the hydrogen peroxide decomposing ability revealed a significant difference (p<0.05).

In this study, antioxidative activities of Jeolpyun containing Smilacis chinae R. extract powder (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%) were evaluated using total polyphenol contents, electron donating ability on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and decomposing ability of hydrogen peroxide. In chromaticity analysis, the brightness significantly decreased with increasing Smilacis chinae R. extract powder content. Jeolpyun containing 6% Smilacis chinae R. extract powder revealed the highest value (9.67±0.603) for the redness and 2% Smilacis chinae R. extract powder was the highest value (14.20±0.917) for the yellowness. Total polyphenol contents of Jeolpyun containing 8% Smilacis chinae R. extract powder were the highest content of 17,320±390.38 μg gallic acid equivalent/mL (GAE/mL). Total polyphenol contents were significant relation at p<0.05. Electron donating ability for Jeolpyun containing 8% Smilacis chinae R. extract powder revealed the highest electron donating ability (74.24±0.827%). Electron donating abilities revealed significant difference (p<0.05). Jeolpyun containing 6% Smilacis chinae R. extract powder revealed the most hydrogen peroxide decomposing ability (－3.38±1.44) and hydrogen peroxide decomposing ability revealed significant difference (p<0.05).

본 연구는 스프레이 국화의 기내 대량 증식을 위한 적정 배지를 선발하고, 발근시 절편체의 부위와 순화시기가 조직배양 묘의 품질에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. 먼저 대량증식을 위한 적정 배지를 선발하기 위해 서로 다른 조성의 식물생장조절물질을 첨가한 MS배지에 ‘Field Green’, ‘Green Diamond’, ‘Snow Pangpang’ 등 스프레이 국화 3품 종을 기내배양 하였다. 배양 6주 후의 배양체의 생육을 조사한 결과, MS+NAA 0.1 mg·L-1의 배양체의 초장이 무처리에 비해 1.5~2.0배 더 길었고, 줄기의 두께도 더 두꺼웠다. 그러나 BA 0.1 mg·L-1 이상이 첨가된 모든 배지에서는 캘러스와 다신초가 유도되었고 뿌리가 발생하지 않았으며, 신초와 마디의 길이가 짧아졌다. 따라서, MS+NAA 0.1 mg·L-1 배지가 스프레이 국화의 기내 대량증식 단계에 가장 효율적인 것으로 선발되었다. 두번째로 스프레이 국화 우량묘를 양성하기 위하 여 ‘Field Green’ 품종에서 생장점을 포함하고 있는 줄기의 선단부와 액아를 포함하는 줄기의 중단부를 각각 기내배양 한 후, 배양 2주 후부터 일주일 간격으로 순화하여 순화된 묘의 생육특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 선단부 배양체의 뿌리출현일수가 11.2일로 중단부 배양체보다 1.7일 더 빨랐으며, 순화율 과 생장의 균일성도 순화시기에 관계없이 중단부 배양체보다 더 좋았다. 또한 초장, 엽수, 줄기의 굵기, 생체중과 같은 조직 배양묘의 소질과 관련된 특성도 선단부 배양체에서 더 좋게 나타났다. 순화시기에 따른 묘 소질 조사에서는 기내배양 2주 후에 순화한 선단부 배양체의 경우 최종 조사일에 초장이 3.8±0.5 cm로 가장 짧았지만, 줄기의 굵기와 생체중은 1.5±0.2 mm와 1.3±0.3g으로 기내배양 3주와 4주 후에 순화한 묘에 비해 1.5~2.0배 더 두껍고 무거워 품질이 우수하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 스프레이 국화의 조직배양 우량묘를 양성하기 위해서는 기내 발근시 줄기의 선단부를 절편체로 사용 하고, 기내배양 2주 후에 짧고 굵은 뿌리가 발생하기 시작했을 때 순화하는 것이 적절하다.

In this study, the antioxidative activity of Jeolpyun containing S. glauca (Bunge) Bunge powder (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%) and extract (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%) was evaluated based on the total polyphenol contents, electron-donating ability, scavenging of superoxide anion radical, and decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Total polyphenol contents of Jeolpyun containing 8% S. glauca (Bunge) Bunge powder were the highest with a value of 2,280±0.00 μg GAE/mL. It was observed that total polyphenol content exhibited a significant relation with concentrations at p<0.05. The electron-donating ability of Jeolpyun containing 8% S. glauca (Bunge) Bunge extract was the highest with a value of 83.93±0.69%. The electron-donating abilities revealed significant differences between concentrations (p<0.05). The superoxide radical scavenging ability of the blank was 0.01523±0.00068 and Jeolpyun containing 6% S. glauca (Bunge) Bunge powder was the highest with a value of 0.00977±0.00842. The hydrogen peroxide decomposing ability of Jeolpyun containing 0% S. glauca (Bunge) Bunge powder was －0.00377±0.0049; 8% S. glauca (Bunge) Bunge powder revealed the highest decomposing ability of －0.0476±0.0234. Hydrogen peroxide decomposing abilities revealed significant differences between concentrations (p<0.05). Jeolpyun containing S. glauca (Bunge) Bunge powder and extract demonstrated improved antioxidative activities.

In this study, the effects of different varieties and particle sizes of dry milled rice flour on Jeolpyeon quality were investigated. Classify particle size of dry milled rice flour according to rice variety into 50, 100, and 150 μm. A particle size of 50 μm in the varieties Boramchan and Hanareum resulted in the highest damaged starch contents (p<0.05). Additionally, the Boramchan and Hanareum varieties had the highest water absorption index (WAI) values (p<0.05). Analysis of the gelatinization characteristics of dry milled rice flour according to varieties revealed the peak viscosity of Dasan and Hanareum was high (p<0.05), regardless of particle size, while the breakdown was highest for Hanareum at all particle sizes (p<0.05). The moisture content of Jeolpyeon made with Boramchan varied between 48.83 and 53.64% among particle sizes, with no significant differences relative to the control. The hardness of the control was 3.15 kg, while the hardness of Jeolpyeon made with Boramchan decreased significantly 2.60-2.63 kg (p<0.05).

Nacre of abalone shell features a “brick-and-mortar” microstructure, in which micro-plates of calcium carbonate are bonded by nanometers-thick layers of chitin and proteins. Due to the microstructure and its unique toughening mechanisms, nacre possesses an excellent combination of specific strength, stiffness and toughness. This study deals with the possibility of using nacre fragments obtained from abalone shell for making a bulletproof armor system. A composite plate laminated with abalone shell fragments is made and compression and bend tests are carried out. In addition, a bulletproof test is performed with hybrid armor systems which are composed of an alumina plate, a composite plate, and aramid woven fabric to verify the ballistic performance of nacre. The compressive strength of the composite plate is around 258.3MPa. The bend strength and modulus of the composite plate decrease according to the plate thickness and are about 149.2MPa and 50.3 GPa, respectively, for a 4.85 mm thick plate. The hybrid armor system with a planar density of 45.2 kg/m2, which is composed of an 8 mm thick alumina plate, a 2.4 mm thick composite plate, and 18 layers of aramid woven fabric, satisfy the NIJ Standard 0101.06 : 2008 Armor Type IV. These results show that a composite plate laminated with abalone shell fragments can be used for a bulletproof armor system as an interlayer between ceramic and fabric to decrease the armor system’s weight.

본 연구는 PCR 기반 RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism; 제한절편 길이 다형성) 분자기법을 활용하여 난 및 치어 대상 납자루아과 어류 3종의 동정을 좀 더 빠르고 정확하게 파악하고 납자루아과 어류의 종별 산란양상 및 번식생태 이해에 대한 기여가 목적이다. 본 연구를 위해 기존 선행된 문헌자료를 확인하고 납자루아과 어류가 2종 이상 동서하고 있는 지역을 확인하여 현지조사를 수행하였다. 현지조사 결과 확인된 납자루아과 어류는 묵납자루 (Acheilognathus signifer), 줄납자루 (A. yamatsutae) 및 각시붕어 (Rhodeus uyekii)로 총 3종이 확인되었으며, 확인된 납자루아과 어류와 동서하고 있는 숙주조개 (작은말조개; Unio douglasiae sinuolatus)를 채집하여 숙주조개 속 납자루아과 어류의 난 및 치어를 확보하였다. 현지조사 결과 확인된 납자루아과 어류 3종을 대상으로 미토콘드리아 DNA COI과 cyt b 유전자 염기서열을 비교하여 각각 종별로 특이성을 지닌 부위 (단일염기변이; Single Nucleotide Variation: SNV)에 맞는 제한효소를 선정하였고, 숙주조개 속 난 및 치어를 대상으로 genomic DNA를 추출하여 PCR-RFLP 실험을 수행한 결과 현지조사 시 확인된 납자루아과 어류 3종의 독특한 제한절편 길이 양상을 전기영동을 통하여 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 묵납자루, 줄납자루 및 각시붕어의 종을 판별할 수 있는 RFLP 마커를 개발하였으며, 숙주조개 난 및 치어를 대상으로 정확한 종의 동정을 보다 빠르고 효과적으로 수행하여 각각 납자루아과 종별 산란양상을 보다 정확히 규명하고 향후 이들 자연개체군의 효과적인 유지, 관리 및 보전 방법 개발에 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

This study investigated the substitution of beet powder for rice flour in julpyun recipes with amounts of 0, 1, 3, and 5%. The beet powder had a moisture content, crude protein content, crude fat content, crude ash content, crude dietary fiber content, DPPH radical scavenging activity and total phenol content of 18.90, 1.37, 0.17, 0.91, 3.65, 12.03%, and 87.63 mg, respectively. The moisture content decreased with increasing beet powder content. The pH, DPPH and total phenol content increased with increasing beet powder content. The chromaticity measurement result showed that the ‘L’ and ‘b’ of julpyun decreased with increasing beet powder content, but ‘a’ increased. The texture measurement result showed that the hardness, cohesiveness and chewiness of julpyun increased with increasing beet powder content, but the springiness decreased. The adhesiveness was similar regardless of the beet powder content. The overall preference scores showed a high overall acceptability for julpyun made with 3% beet powder.

DC-EPG 시스템을 활용하여 애멸구(Laodelphax striatellus) 암컷 성충이 벼를 섭식하는 동안 발생되는 전기적 신호를 기록하고 분석하여, 벼멸구에서 보고된 것(Seo et al., 2009)과 같은 방식으로, np, L1, L2, L3, L4-a, L4-b, L5의 7 개 EPG 파형으로 구별하였다. 파형들의 모양과 발 생 패턴은 벼멸구(Nilaparvata lugens)와 매우 유사하였고, L4-b의 직전에는 반드시 L3와 L4-a가 연속된 순서로 나타났다. 감로는 L4-b에서 주기 적으로 분비되었다. 레이저 stylectomy 후 섭식부분의 미세절편을 관찰한 결과, 애멸구 구침의 끝이 L3와 L4-a, L4-b에서는 벼의 체관부 근처 또 는 체관부에서 관찰된 반면, L5에서는 물관부에서 관찰되었다. 레이저 stylectomy로 L4-b에서 잘려진 애멸구 구침의 절단부로부터 유일하게 벼 수액이 용출되었고, HPLC로 분석된 수액 안의 당 성분으로 식물의 체관부 탄수화물 이동태인 설탕(sucrose)만이 검출되었다. 이상의 관찰 결과 와 애멸구의 EPG 파형 전개 과정 분석을 통해, L1과 L2는 관다발 도달 전에 발생하는 구침을 찌르고 타액 분비가 동반된 구침의 이동 행동으로, L3와 L4-a는 체관부에서 섭식을 위해 사전에 준비하는 과정으로, L4-b는 체관부 수액을 흡즙하는 행동으로, 마지막으로 L5는 물관부에서 형성되 는 섭식행동으로 벼멸구와 유사하게 결론지었다.

Bamboo sprout powder was added to rice cake in an effort to improve the quality and functional properties of dough. The contents of crude protein and carbohydrates increased as the amount of bamboo sprout powder increased, whereas moisture contents decreased. According to increasing contents of bamboo sprout powder, total amino acid contents significantly increased. Hunter’s L value decreased as contents of bamboo sprout powder increased, whereas sucrose contents increased. Addition of bamboo sprout powder to rice cake increased dietary fiber contents. Sensory scores of rice cake containing 90 g of bamboo sprout powder were the highest of all rice cakes tested. According to the results, adding bamboo sprout powder could improve the quality and sensory characteristics of rice cake.

국내 육성 프리지아(Freesia)가 농가에 보급되고 시간이 지나면서 바이러스에 감염되거나 품질이 저하되는 문제가 발생하고 있다. 고품질을 유지하기 위해서는 생장점 배양을 통해 무병종구를 만들고 기내에서 급속 대량증식하여 농가에 보급하는 일이 시급하다. 본 연구에서는국내에서 육성된 프리지아 ‘Shiny Gold’와 ‘Gold Rich’의자구를 이용하여 효과적인 급속 대량증식 기술을 찾고자실험을 수행하였다. 배지는 MS기본배지에 호르몬을 첨가하지 않은 배지와 5.0mg•L−1 NAA+5.0mg•L−1 Kinetin를 넣은 호르몬배지 2종류를 이용하였다. 치상방법은 자구를 횡으로 절단한 절편체를 정상으로 치상(정상치상)한경우와 위아래를 거꾸로 치상(역위치상)하는 2가지 방법을 이용하였다. 치상한 절편체는 23oC의 암배양실에서 5주간 배양한 후, 광도 60µmol•m−2s−1 (16/8, 주/야)의 광환경으로 옮겨 주었다. 치상 10주째에 두 품종 모두 역위치상하였을 때, 정상치상에 비해 부정아 발생이 2~6배 정도 증가하였다. 이러한 결과는 호르몬 유무에 상관없이 비슷한 결과를 보였다. 역위치상하고 19주 후 ‘ShinyGold’의 신초수는 기본배지에서 절편체당 42.7개로 정상치상에 비해 약 2.5배 증가되었고, 호르몬 첨가배지에서는 17.7개로 정상치상에 비해 약 7.1배 증가되었다. ‘GoldRich’를 역위치상 하였을 때, 기본배지에서는 신초수가 절편체당 55.4개로 대조구에 비해 약 1.7배 증가되었고, 호르몬 첨가배지에서는 61.0개로 대조구에 비해 약 2.4배증가되었다. 결론적으로 프리지아 자구를 기내에서 급속대량증식 하고자 할 때, 호르몬 유무와 상관없이 자구를횡으로 절단하여 역위치상 하는 방법이 효율적이라는 것을 알 수 있었다.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the addition of dandelion on color, texture, and antioxidant activity in Jeolpyon. Jeolpyon was prepared with varying amounts of dandelion ranging up to 20%. They were stored for 3 days at room temperature, and the color and texture were analyzed at different time intervals. L and a values decreased with increasing dandelion concentration while b values increased with increasing dandelion concentration in Jeolpyon. From texture analysis by Rheometer, the hardness and chewiness seem to be affected dramatically by the addition of dandelion in Jeolpyon. During storage, the control Jeolpyon without dandelion displayed greater than two fold increase in hardness, chewiness and brittleness, while the Jeolpyon with added dandelion had only slight increase during storage. The addition of dandelion in Jeolpyon also increased antioxidant activities such as DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power. The antioxidant activities increased linearly with increasing dandelion concentration in Jeolpyon. The increase of antioxidant activities in Jeolpyon with the addition of dandelion may be attributed to the polyphenols in dandelion since the amount of total polyphenols increased with increasing amounts of dandelion in Jeolpyon. In sensory evaluation, the panels of twenties, thirties, and forties gave high scores to Jeolpyon with dandelion containing 10% 15%, and 20%, respectively in overall evaluation.

Eucalyptus pellita의 유엽을 재료로 효율적인 재분화 시스템을 확립시켰다. 부정줄기는 MS배지에 1.0㎎l-1 benzyl aminopurine(BA)과 1.0㎎l-1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)가 첨가된 배지의 유엽에 서 유도되었다. 그리고 절편의 종류와 위치에 따라 다양한 재분화 반응을 보였다. Auxin과 cytokinin이 혼합 첨가된 배지에서 엽병이 포함된 유엽의 잎 절편(LP)은 잎 끝이 포함된 유엽(LT)의 절편과 비교하여 더 높은 재분화율을 보여주었다. 줄기와 뿌리의 길이신장은 호르몬이 무첨가된 1/2 Woody Plant Medium(WPM)배지에서 이루어 졌다. 이렇게 유도된 식물체는 성공적으로 온실에 이식되었다.

This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant activity of Jeolpyeon containing lotus seed powder. Original Jeolpyeon and Jeolpyeon with BHT (butyl hydroxy toluene) werecompared. Antioxidant activities were measured based ontotal polyphenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, DPPH radicalscavenging activity, reducing power, and SOD-like activity. Total polyphenolic and total flavonoid contents of Jeolpyeon containing lotus seed powder were estimated at 37.81±0.45 mg GAE/g and 26.35±0.13 mg QE/g respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity increased upon addition of lotus seed powder. Further, reducing power was higher in Jeolpyeon containing lotus seed powder than original Jeolpyeon or Jeolpyeon with BHT. The antioxidative effect of Jeolpyeon significantly increased uponaddition of lotus seed powder.

This research focused on the effects of adding Hizikia fusiforme to Jeolpyun. We were able to demonstrate in this study that Jeolpyun after the addition of Hizikia fusiforme had the potential to become a functional food. Jeolpyun with 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8% of Hizikia fusiforme was analyzed by water content, color, sensory and textural characteristics immediately after production and one day later. The five different types of Jeolpyun did not show any significant differences in water content. However, all the Jeolpyun with Hizikia fusiforme showed slightly higher water retention ratio than the control after storage. As the result of Hunter's color values, lightness decreased significantly as the amount of Hizikia fusiforme increased. Redness increased in the Jeolpyun with Hizikia fusiforme compared with the control. Yellowness was highest in the Jeolpyun with 2% of Hizikia fusiforme and decreased with an increase in its content. In the textural analysis, hardness, chewiness, adhesiveness and gumminess of Jeolpyun with 2% and 4% of Hizikia fusiforme were similar to those of the control, whereas springiness of Jeolpyun with 2%, 4% and 6% of Hizikia fusiforme were similar to that of the control group. Cohesiveness significantly decreased as the amount of Hizikia fusiforme increased. When the Jeolpyun was preserved for one day, all five Jeolpyun showed significant increases in hardness, gumminess and chewiness. However, their adhesiveness significantly decreased. Cohesiveness decreased in all Jeolpyun except for the 8% Jeolpyun. In sensory evaluation, color and aroma became stronger as the content of Hijikia fuziforme increased, and 2% Jeolpyun showed similar hardness with the control. Jeolpyun with Hijikia fuziforme showed no difference in cohesiveness with the control, but the adhesiveness showed a little increase when compared to the control. The overall acceptability of 2% Jeolpyun showed slightly higher than control. After one day of storage, Jeolpyun with 2% of Hijikia fuziforme also showed the highest overall acceptability. And the overall acceptability showed the biggest decrease in the control group. Overall acceptability showed strong negative correlation with color, aroma and hardness, and showed strong positive correlation with cohesiveness and adhesiveness. After one day of storage, overall acceptability showed a decrease in correlation with color and smell and an increase in correlation with cohesiveness, compared to before storage. Results of multiple regression analysis showed that hardness had the biggest influence(－) on the overall acceptability of Jeolpyun, aroma and cohesiveness ranked second(－) and third(+) respectively. After one day of storage, cohesiveness had the biggest influence on the overall acceptability of Jeolpyun. Color and adhesiveness ranked second(－) and third(+) respectively. It can be seen that different factors influence overall acceptability of Jeolpyun after storage.

Bamboo leaf powder was added to Jeolpyun to increase the neutraceutical effects and storage period. The bamboo leaf powder was added to rice flour at ratios of 0, 4, 6, 8, and 10% (w/w), and they were treated with aqueous malt extract to extend storage. The Jeolpyun was stored at 20℃ for 72 hr, and the physical and sensory characteristics were evaluated. As a result, the crude fat, crude protein, moisture, crude ash and total dietary fiber contents in bamboo leaf powder were 4.36, 11.29, 3.37, 7.33, and 65.57%, respectively. The Hunters L, a, and b values decreased significantly as the amount of bamboo leaf powder increased; however, the a and b values increased during storage. The paste property setback values decreased with the malt extract treatment and with increasing amounts of bamboo leaf powder. In a sensory analysis, hard texture strength in the malt extract and bamboo leaf powder treatment groups was less than that in the control during storage. The Jeolpyun prepared with malt extract and no bamboo leaf powder was the most accepted by consumers. Although adding bamboo leaf powder resulted in less consumer acceptance except for the flavor attribute, adding 4% and 8% bamboo leaf powder resulted in better consumer acceptance for texture, taste, and overall acceptance than that of the control. In a microbial analysis, adding bamboo leaf powder resulted in fewer mold colonies. In conclusion, adding 4% bamboo leaf powder and malt extract to Jeolpyun improved its storage properties.