통근 통행과 같은 복잡하고 방대한 유동 데이터를 분석하기 위해 요인 분석이 널리 사용되고 있다. 이 논문의 연구 목적은 유동 패턴을 분석함에 있어 요인 분석의 유용성을 방법론적인 측면에서 비판적으로 검토하는 것이다. 요인 분석을 통해 변수들간의 유사성에 기초하여 도착지(출발지)들을 구분하고, 각 그룹에서 도착지(출발지)들과 이동이 큰 출발지(도착지)를 파악할 수 있다. 이때 변수들의 표준 점수와 상관 관계가 사용됨으로 인해 파악된 주요 도착지나 출발지를 해석함에 있어 주의가 필요할 뿐만 아니라 절대 값의 측면에서 주요한 흐름이 드러나지 않을 수 있다는 점 또한 고려해야 한다. 서로 다른 요인에 해당하는 지역들 간에 상관성이 존재하는 경우라면 일반적으로 시도되는 요인의 직교 회전은 해석을 더욱 어렵게 한다. 요인 분석의 결과로 기능 지역을 설정하려는 시도가 있는데, 지역 간의 상호작용은 최소화되고 지역 내의 상호작용은 최대화되는 측면에서의 기능 지역 개념에 비추어보면 요인 분석의 결과는 그 근거가 충분하지 않다.

Lentinus edodes is a popular edible mushroom in South-East Asia. This study was initiated to evaluate the antioxidant activities, tyrosinase inhibitory effects on the fruiting bodies of L. edodes extracted with acetone, methanol and hot water. The antioxidant activities were performed on β-carotene-linoleic acid, reducing power, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging, and ferrous chelating abilities. In addition to this, phenolic acid and flavonoids contents were also analyzed. Methanolic extract of L. edodes showed the strongest β-carotene-linoleic acid inhibition as compare to others extracts. At 8 mg/ml, hot water extract showed a high reducing power of 0.96. The scavenging effects on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals, acetonic extract was effective than other extracts. The strongest chelating effect (86.45%) was obtained from the acetonic extract at 1.0 mg/ml concentration. Antioxidant activities of the extracts from the fruiting bodies of L. edodes were increased with the increasing concentration. After application of reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, coupled to a diode array detector and electrospray ionisation mass spectra, four phenolic compounds namely, naringenin, hesperetin, formononetin and biochanin were identified from acetonic extract. Tyrosinase inhibition of acetonic, methanolic, and hot water extracts of L. edodes were increased with the increasing of concentration. Results revealed that acetonic and methanolic extracts showed good, while hot water showed moderate activities of the tyrosinase inhibition at the concentration tested. This study suggests that fruiting bodies of L. edodes can potentially be used as a readily accessible source of natural antioxidants.

This study analyzed the main effect on organizational commitment of organizational justice factors and the moderating effects of appraisal instrumentality on the relationship of three justice factors(distributive justice, procedural justice, and interacti

본 논문은 군 조직에 있어서 다면평가시스템의 특성이 개인의 수용도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고 이에 대한 반응변수로서 다면평가시스템의 효과성을 검증하기 위해 실시되었다. 그리고 연구결과를 바탕으로 엄격한 상·하관계를 이루고 있는 군 조직에서 다면평가시스템에 대한 인식을 살펴봄으로써 장교근무평정제도에 대한 발전방안을 도출하고자 시도되었다. 이론적 연구를 통해 주요 변수는 다면평가시스템의 특성, 개인의 수용도, 효과성, 유용성 인식도로 구분했다. 다면평가시스템

휴대전화 개발의 기획 단계에서 가장 중요한 고려사항 중 하나는 제품의 전략과 목적에 맞는 적절한 형태인자의 선정이며 현재까지는 주로 직관적이고 정성적인 방법을 사용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 형태인자 선정의 체계적이고, 합리적 방안을 제시하고자, 감성 형용사를 이용하는 평가 방법론을 제안하였다. 우선 공리설계를 사용하여 개념적 형태인자를 검증하고, 검증된 형태인자의 설계파라미터에 감성형용사를 그룹핑 한다. 그 후 디자이너에게 선정된 형태인자와 그룹화된 감성형용사를 제시하면, 디자이너는 예비 디자인을 수행하고, 그 디자인은 설문조사를 통해 평가 및 분석된다. 이와 같은 일련의 프로세스의 적용결과, 공리설계와 감성공학(감성형용사)의 결합으로 제품의 목적에 적합한 형태인자 디자인을 선정할 수 있었으며 향후 휴대전화 개발에 있어 형태인자 이외의 중요 인자의 선정에도 확대 적용할 수 있는 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the satisfaction of visitors of Kimchi food festival in 1999, 2000, and 2003. This is the longitudinal study on the cultural festival which used Kimchi as the main resource. This study also investigated the possibility of Kimchi festival as a foreign tour product. This study has several important findings including as follows; First, the satisfaction of residents was higher than domestic visitors in most programs. Second, there were many foreign visitors to the festival and the satisfaction of foreign tourists was higher than residents and domestic tourists. More programs for the foreign visitors are recommended to be an international food festival. Third, experience based food tour events were popular. Introducing more experience oriented programs are recommended for this festival Fourth, There should be more improvement on food price and parking.

Currently, there are little evaluated model for each industry and systematic analysis for each item about current business web sites. And the approach way to improve it all depends on individual. This research is about two different points of view on I-Evaluation development as an approach method to provide analysis, evaluation, and guideline on business web sites. The one is about developing a working step and a site evaluation model that are necessary to improve the quality of site. The other is about a framework development to apply a feedback on site most rapidly and site optimization. The former is from the methodological point of view for I-Evaluation, and the latter is from the point of view for I-Evaluation Framework. In terms of methodology, developing site evaluation model and defining a working step belong to it. Site evaluation model means customizing each customers web site, using each evaluated scoring model which can be a standard for each industry to analyze a similar business web site. Defining a working step means defining input and output parameters for composed elements, working processes, and results analysis on an evaluated model. And also it includes building a working environments to automatic steps mentioned the above by clarifying them.

Thanks to the fact that the 1953 Korea Armistice Agreement does not have any clear provisions on the sea demarcation line, the North Korea insists that the sea demarcation line in the Yellow Sea Area should not be the NLL designated by the Commander in Chief. UN Command, unilaterally, but the hypothetical extention of the Latitude Parallel from the end of the provincial boundary line between Whanghae-do and Kyongki-do In those unique situations at the end of the Korean War, the cease-fire line on the part of the western sea area, a logically indispensable element of the contents of an armistice agreement, however has formed and crystallized by the act of the UN Command designating the NLL. In implementing the South-North Korean Basic Relations Agreement, a fair and clear common consent on the sea demarcation line in the western sea area should be deliberated.

The public and the corporate itself are increasingly paying attention to the ethical problems because of the notorious conducts in corporate management, such as bribery, financial report fraud, dishonesty and trade secrets theft. The non ethical behavior doing harm to social conducts and hurting the relations between the corporate and the stakeholders has direct influences on the corporate image and long-term corporate profitability. Thus under the pressure of the public and self-sustaining development, the corporate ethic is brought into sharp focus. The corporate ethical capability refers to the overall ethical level shown by the corporate in the activities of management and marketing. The capability covers not only all the resources and mechanism but also the unique behavior both in the internal environment and external environment. In a sense, the corporate ethical capability is the highest level of the core competence. Therefore, to make rational criteria for the corporate ethical evaluation system and to build fair evaluation system are put forward as an important part. This article will probe into rational alternatives for the corporate ethical evaluation system under Chinese current situation in the perspective of the internal and external environment.

“구원 받은 신자는 창조세계를 선물로 받는다”라는 말은, 루터 학자 게르하르트 포드(Gerhard Forde)가 루터가 종교개혁적 혁파에서 얻은 새로운 신학적, 윤리적 인식을 훌륭하게 응축한 것이다. 하나님 은혜에 의한 구원은 하나님의 창조세계를 보는 긍정적 관점을 제공하고, 그 속에서의 삶을 은총의 선물이자 책임적 소명으로 환원시킬 동기와 동력을 부여한다는 것이다. 루터는 하나님의 창조세계 속에서 신자의 삶이란, 하나님을 의지하는 신앙으로 피조물로서의 일상적 삶을 살아가는 것으로 보았다. 창조세계 자체와 그 속에서의 신자의 일상생활을 긍정적으로 본 것이다. 중세 가톨릭 교회가 창조세계 속 일상적 삶을 경시한 데 비해, 루터는 이 땅에서 신앙으로 하는 모든 일을 영적인 일로 여겼다. 창조세계 속에서의 세 가지 삶의 형태인 교회, 가정, 국가에서의 직분을 신앙으로 감당하는 것을 하나님께 대한 예배이자 신자의 소명으로 보았다. 그리스도인이 하나님의 두 왕국에서 개인 윤리와 공적 윤리를 바르게 구분하고 적절히 적용하면서, 자신의 직분을 통해 소명을 다할 때 사회는 더 나은 방향으로 개선될 수 있음을 가르쳤다.

The purpose of this study is to introduce a rural development project utilized Participatory Rural Appraisal(PRA), which has been widely developed and applied as an approach and methods for participatory rural development since 1990’s. In the ODA project titled as “Happiness Program”, a comprehensive community development program designed and conducted by KOICA for underprivileged ethnic minorities in Lao Cai province, Vietnam, the villagers were able to analyse the realities of their situations, to plan, to act, and to monitor and evaluate their actions for improvement through all the processes of PRA utilization. Apart from the successful implementation of participatory rural development activities, this project also made a contribution to extending our knowledge about PRA by presenting the monitoring and evaluation system built for the project and the impact analyzed by the system such as increase in villagers’ annual income, expansion of infrastructure, capacity development and etc.

The paper industry requires continuous automation of processes ranging from injection of raw materials to initial paper processes and final processing. Thus, it is a capital- and equipment-intensive industry that requires large investments in facilities and consumes significant amounts of energy for production. Since the concept of a 'Waste Minimization and Sustainable Resource Circulation Society' is key waste management policy, the effective use of waste has been emphasized. To this end, there is significant research on energy conversion in waste incineration plants. Domestically, there is a desire to review and improve sustainable technology development systems in order to maximize thermal energy recovery in waste incineration plants. Therefore, this study compared the energy recovery rate calculation methods currently used in eight paper industry incineration plants. The lower heating value and energy recovery & use rate calculation methods were applied in accordance with the “waste resource energy recovery & use calculation method” located in Paragraph 2 of Article 3 in the Enforcement Decree of the “Wastes Control Act” of 2015. Calculations made using the current method (on the basis of output) showed an average energy recovery rate of 78.6% (75.5 ~ 82.8%), whereas the waste resource energy recovery & use rate calculation method (based on volume used) produced an energy recovery rate of 53.3% (42.5 ~ 74.8%).

In this study, a lower heating value for automobile shredder residue incineration facilities (12 facilities) was calculated using a heat balance method, and a recoverable energy potential was calculated after calculating the effective energy output and the effective energy use according to automobile shredder residue incineration. An analysis of the calculation results showed that the effective output and the effective use had average values of 64.5% (49.8-80.2%) and 31.3% (7.1-57.5%) in an ASR incineration plant, respectively. The calculated ratio of effective use to effective output was an average value of 33.2% (3.0-57.8%). Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of effective energy used, it is necessary to make more effort to devise various measures.

This study was carried out to analyze the visitors’ program satisfaction, and to propose the direction of improvement in Korea Agriculture Exposition. The survey was conducted among 593 visitors during the exposition period from October 18 until October 27. Among visitors, female visitors were 19.4% more than male, the rate of 40s and 50s was high to 53.5%, farmers was most frequent to 26.5%, and residents in Gwangju and Jeonnam were the majority with 84%. The visitors with family as companion form were most frequent to 44.2%, the rate of first visiting was highest to 37.9% in number of visiting, and exposition held information was obtained most frequently to 49.9% by word of mouth. In survey of program contents, visitors preferred the subtropical garden the most among exhibition hall, and 65.9% of visitors were satisfied about guide. The rate of satisfaction was 71.6%, and 32.7% of visitors responded that it did not participate in experience program because there was no guide. In survey of satisfaction in agricultural products purchase, 73.9% of visitors purchased agricultural products, and 86.3% of purchaser were satisfied. The 65.1% of purchaser responded that they bought because of belief about agricultural products, and purchase amount between 10000 and 20000 won was the highest with 33.6%. On the other hand, 41.3% of visitors did not purchase because they do not need. The visitors’ overall satisfaction of in Korea Agriculture Exposition was high to 82.6%, and the most unsatisfactory part appeared to drinking water facilities and parking lot. In survey of development possibility of agriculture through Korea Agriculture Exposition, 86.2% of visitors were positive, and the rate of revisiting intention highly appeared to 80.4%.

Purpose - The study’s aim is to assess performance quality delivered through a performance management system. The case study first measures the effectiveness of the present performance management system of Bhushan Steel Ltd. (BSL), and then secondarily analyzes the employee training impact. Research design, data, and methodology - A case study research approach using a survey was followed. The final sample size was 50, with a simple random sampling technique used. Primary data came from the company itself and the secondary from books, the Internet, journals, etc. Results - BSL employee appraisals are used for many developmental aspects such as competence in the present job, improvements, performance development, and training needs. The results indicate that individual performance can improve if employees perceive the system as more transparent (i.e., not so confidential). Conclusions - Overall, the BSL employees think that the company appraisal system is useful; however, to make it better the company has to improve many aspects including appraisals based on supervisor observations. The company could use a self-appraisal and a 360-appraisal approach to improve such assessments.

본 연구는 교원의 전문성 신장을 목적으로 실시되고 있는 교원능력개발평가제의 합목적성을 교원의 인식을 바탕으로 고찰할 목적으로 수행되었다. 연구를 위해 2010년부터 2012년까지 전국 초 중 고 교원을 대상으로 실시한 인식 조사 결과를 분석한 결과, 연도에 따른 교원들의 교원능력개발평가제 합목적성 인식 정도는 전반적으로 부정적이었으나 점차 긍정적으로 변화하고 있었다. 학교급에 따른 제도의 합목적성 부합 정도에 대한 교원 인식 결과에서는 학교급이 낮아질수록 부정적 인식이 감소하고 있음을 알 수 있었고, 교직경력에 따른 제도의 합목적성부합 정도에 대한 교원 인식 결과에서는 중경력 교사의 인식이 상대적으로 부정적인 것을 알수 있었다. 본 연구는 지속적인 제도 개선뿐만 아니라 학교급, 교직경력에 따라 차별성이 있는 평가문항 개발이 필요함을 제안하였다.

이 연구는 스포츠 경쟁 상황에서 고교 운동선수의 인지평가(도전과 위협), 정서조절, 정서 및 수행만족간의 구조적 관계와 연구모형의 교차타당성을 검증하였다. 연구 1(N =169, 남자=120명, 여자=49명)은 국문판 인지평가와 정서조절 질문지의 타당도와 신뢰도를 평가하였고, 연구 2(N =473, 남자=318명, 여자=155명)는 경쟁 시 인지평가와 수행만족 간의 관계에서 정서조절과 정서의 다중매개효과를 검증하였다. 연구1에서 시행된 확인적 요인분석의 결과, 인지평가 질문지와 정서조절 질문지의 타당도와 신뢰도는 비교적 양호한 것으로 확인되었다. 연구 2에서 구조방정식모형 분석 결과는 3개의 가설적 매개모형을 지지한 것으로 나타났다. 정서조절(재평가, 억제)과 유쾌한 정서가 도전상태와 수행만족 간의 관계를 부분 매개하며, 정서 억제와 유쾌한 정서는 위협상태와 수행만족 간의 관계를 완전 매개하였다. 다중집단분석의 결과 구조계수는 집단 간에 동일한 것으로 나타났다. 본 결과는 경쟁 시 선수들의 정서조절 전략과 정서반응의 역할과 관련하여 논의되었다.