우리나라는 초고령화 사회진입에 전세계적으로 보기드문 급속한 추세에 있다. 또한 코로나19로 인해 대 면적인 사회서비스 제한이 장기화된 상황에서 우리나라 서울보다 1.4배 넓은 소농·도시형인 포천시에 거주 하는 재가노인의 가장 우선시되는 욕구는 먼저 육체적으로 면역력 강화를 위한 영양섭취이고 다음으로는 사회관계를 통한 정신적인 스트레스 해소로 나타났다. 이에 포천시에 위치한 포천노인복지센터는 2004년부터 ‘재가노인지원서비스사업’을 수행하면서 집안에 서 적용 가능한 현관문 개폐와 노인 움직임 감지 등 IOT(Internet Of Things)를 실행하였다. 본 연구에서는 포천시에 거주하는 재가노인을 대상으로 경기도 특화사업인 ‘재가노인 건강기능강화를 위한 맞춤형영양지원사업’을 사회복지사 한명이 식재료와 조리방법을 직접 전달, 설명하는 ‘대면그룹 7명’ 과 수행했다. 그리고 자원봉사자와 재가노인이 일대일 재택대면매칭에 추가하여 ICT를 기반으로 원격화상 을 통해 조리사와 실시간 동시접속 하는 ‘비대면그룹 10명’으로 구분하였다. 8개월 동안 총17명의 대상자에게 음식요리와 섭취를 통해 ‘노인의 영양상태 간이조사’, ‘영양이 노인의 정서· 심리에 미치는 상관관계’ 설문조사와 인바디/혈압측정 등으로 정량적인 결과를 도출함으로써 재가노 인의 건강이 강화됨을 알 수 있었다.

Purpose: In countries with a large elderly population, the integrated visiting health care program for the elderly in communities was effective in preventing frailty and reducing medical expenses. Customized preventive health service is essential in a super-aged society. The purpose of this study is to estimate the number of professionals who perform visiting health care for the elderly. Methods: The statistics for the elderly from Statistics Korea and the Visiting Healthcare Performance Report from Korea Health Promotion Institute were employed in the analysis. The elderly were divided into four groups: healthy, pre-frailty, frailty I, and frailty II, according to their health level. Through the focus group interview, the ratio of nurses, physical activity experts, and nutritionists was set at 8:1:1. Results: Three scenarios were classified into minimum, medium, and maximum according to the number of visits. In the case of Seoul, the number of essential professionals was calculated at least from 719 to a maximum of 1,837. Conclusion: Since this study has a limitation in calculating visiting health care experts only by the ratio of nurses, physical activity experts, and nutritionists, future studies should consider experts or professionals in the field of social welfare, oral health, and visiting treatment.

본 연구는 개념이 명확하지 않고 포괄적이며, 의료법 위반 여부가 염려되는 건강관리서비스에 대하여 정확한 개념을 확립하기 위해 실시되었다. 이를 위하여 2019년 5월 보건복지부에서 발행한 비의료 건강관리서비스 가이드라인을 분석하고 응용하여 노인건강관리서비스에서 헬스치공의 운동처방 적용 방법에 대해 제시하였다. 먼저 2019년에 통계청에서 최근에 발표한 세계와 한국의 인구 현황 및 전망을 통해 인구변화 추이에 따른 노인 문제를 살펴보았으며 헬스치공의 자연요법으로서 효과를 확인하기 위해 중국체육총국의 자료를 통해 치유원리를 확인하였고, 헬스치공의 생리적, 심리적 효과를 선행연구를 통해 확인하는 절차를 거쳤다. 연구 결과로서 비의료 건강관리서비스 영역에서 만성질환자의 건강중재를 위한 헬스치공 프로그램을 다음과 같이 결정하였다. 첫째, 개인의 건강정보 확인 및 수집, 둘째, 혈압과 혈당 측정 및 관리수준 설정, 셋째, 만성질환 예방 및 관리 상담, 식이관리 및 조절 상담, 다섯째, 헬스치공 수련 목표 및 수준 설정, 여섯째, 헬스치공 수련 실시와 점검, 일곱째, 피드백에 의한 운동처방 사이클 조정이라는 7단계 수준에서 운동처방 적용 예시를 제안하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 비의료 건강관리서비스에서 헬스치공을 프로그램으로 활용할 경우 많은 부분이 이용자에게 제공될 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 헬스치공을 포함한 다른 자연요법 프로그램이 제공될 경우에도 같은 형태로 활용할 수 있다는 것을 확인하는 계기를 마련하였다는데 의의가 있을 것이다.

지금까지의 노인자살 연구들은 대부분이 노인자살에 관한 이론적 조망과 그에 따른 노인자살 요인들을 파악하는 데 집중되어 왔다. 그래서 노인자살의 예방대책에 관한 논의는 개괄적이고 제안적인 수준에 머 무르고 있다. 현재 우리나라는 자살사고를 효과적으로 예방하기 위한 자살예방사업 및 인프라가 극히 미비한 상태이 며 특히 노인자살의 특수성이 정책에 반영되지 못하고 있다. 우리사회에서 사회적 이슈가 되고 있는 노인 자살문제에 대해 효과적이고 실효성 있는 정책과 대안을 제시하기 위해서는 노인자살에 대한 정확한 특성 과 실태에 대한 분석이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구자는 통계청에서 제시하고 있는 마이크로데이터를 활용해 MDIS(MicroData Integrated Service)에서 2017년 10월 31일 공개된 통계 기초자료(Microdata)인 인구동향조사 「2016년 사망(원인) 통계」마이크로데이터를 수집하여 우리나라 자살에 대한 특성 및 실 태를 역학적으로 분석하였으며, 실천적이고 정책적인 제언을 제시하였다. 분석방법은 자살통계 데이터를 중심으로 첫째, 자살자의 인구사회학적 특성, 및 자살특성을 파악하기 위해 빈도분석 및 기술통계분석을 실시하였고. 둘째, 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 자살특성 차이를 알아보기 위해 교차분석을 실시하였다.

As the country's elderly people who are 65 years or older recently exceeded 10% of the total population with development of medical technology and improvement of living standards, Korea has turned into an aging society. Especially in Gyeonggi-do, as of late December 2012, elderly people who were 65 years or older were 1,135,242 persons, taking up 18.98% of the region's population and registering the largest number of elderly people in the nation's cities or provinces. Due to such a sharp rise in elderly population, support for the elderly is increasing the burden on families and communities. The study aims to take as its subjects elderly people staying at authorized elderly welfare facilities, who are weak in mind and body and have difficulty in daily life with disabilities, or adult day care facilities that take care of elderly people during the day or at night, examine the concept of adult day care facilities and instances in foreign countries, and study the status of the adult day care facilities located in Gyeonggi-do, their services, and safety by figuring out space arrangement based on program implementation. Spacial arrangement in program operation should satisfy fuction and purpose from the manager and user's perspective, and a desirable program operation should provide separate spaces for the elderly with Alzheimer's and those without Alzheimer's. Compared to residential care facilities, adult day care facilities incur less financial burden and, compared to other authorized services, have many right functions that can upgrade the quality of users and satisfy their desires. Major countries like Japan, the UK, and Sweden recognize the right functions of day and night care services and aggressively support and utilize adult day care facilities. For adult day care facilities, quality services should be developed and use and choices should be enhanced as regards services. Development of special programs for the elderly with dementia and stroke, instead of simple protective functions of a program, must be actively promoted, while manpower training is required for program operation, conveniences, and safety. By developing and providing space arrangement models that focus on efficiency, convenience, and safety of program operation, adult day care operation can be revitalized, while quality of elderly care may be enhanced and welfare budget can be saved.

본 연구는 기초자치단체 노인복지서비스 전달체계를 이해하고, 이를 바탕으로 발전방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 공공부문 전달체계 문제점을 살펴보면, 복지담당 공무원 부족으로 양질의 서비스 제공 어려움, 공급자 중심 서비스 제공 등의 순으로 나타났다. 노인복지서비스 연계 및 조정 활성화를 위해 시급히 해야 할 일을 살펴보면, 별도 조직 신설, 종합전산망구축 등의 순으로 나타났다. 민간부문 전달체계 문제점을 살펴보면, 기관 및 시설 간 연계/조정의 미흡으로 서비스 중복 및 미흡, 종사자들에 대한 열악한 처우로 사기저하 등의 순으로 나타났다. 민간부문 노인복지서비스 중복과 낭비를 방지하기 위해 필요한 것을 살펴보면, 정보네트워크 구축, 사회복지협의체 활용 등의 순으로 나타났다. 민간부문과 공공부문의 노인복지서비스 연계 조정 정도를 살펴보면, 대체적으로 잘 이루어지지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 민간부문과 공공부문의 노인복지서비스 연계 조정 미흡 원인을 살펴보면, 정보공유시스템 구축 미비, 공급자 중심 운영 등의 순으로 나타났다. 공공부문과 민간부문 협력체계 구축을 위해 필요한 것을 살펴보면, 정보공유 및 교환 위한 공통 전산망 구축, 통합하고 관리할 수 있는 조정기구 신설 등의 순으로 나타났다. 민관협력체계구축의 긍정적 효과를 살펴보면, 중복 및 누락 방지, 다양한 서비스 통합 제공 등의 순으로 나타났다. 민관협력체계구축의 부정적 효과를 살펴보면, 책임전가, 영역이기주의 발생 등의 순으로 나타났다. 이를 바탕으로 정책방향을 제시하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 노인복지서비스 전달체계의 원칙 가운데에서 기능분담의 체계성을 확립할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 노인복지 서비스를 담당할 복지담당 공무원의 증가가 필요하다. 셋째, 노인복지 서비스 전달체계의 전문성을 향상시킬 방안이 필요하다. 넷째, 민간부문 노인복지 서비스 간 연계 및 조정을 활성화시키기 위한 조직신설과 통합전산망 구축이 필요하다. 다섯째, 각 부분 간 정보공유 및 교환을 위한 공통 전산망의 구축 및 관리가 필요하겠다.

Recent changes in the policy environment that have been delegated the authority and responsibility of from public sector to private sector, from the central government to local governments, and upper government to lower government. Besides, it is necessary to explain the new approach that enhancing the effectiveness of social service delivery and changes from provider to consumer centric approach. In the broad terms, welfare governance(welfare state governance and social service management) is cooperation and role concerning administrative system, financing, service plans and service deliveries on the local governments and social service providers in the community-based. In the narrow sense, welfare governance is means the "local social welfare system" that the networking which community, the public s ector, and private sector assess, diagnose, identify needs, apply for benefits and services, check availability, and provide directory information to needy people. Local governments can establish the social services plan effectively utilized the limited resources, determine the supply of social service providers, regulate providers, and manage the quality of service. Social service providers have to submit service delivery planning and agencies business plans to local government, based on these plans agencies delivery qualified services to user.

본 연구의 목적은 고령화 시대를 대비하고 노인들이 행복한 여가시설을 구축하는 것이 중요한 과제라 인식하고 이에 물리적으로 행복한 노인 여가시설을 구축함을 위한 기초 연구로서 현재 노인들이 공공기관에서 제공하는 여가 시설에 대하여 활용성이 떨어지는 요인에 대하여 연구하였다. 구체적인 연구 방법 및 내용으로 첫째, 국내에서 가장 성공적인 공공 노인 여가시설의 모텔로 선정된 대구의 시니어스타워를 방문하여 단순설문 및 관찰을 통하여 장단점에 대한 요소들을 정리 및 KJ기법 및 그라프기법 (Graph Theory)을 적용하여 물리적 공간에 대한 한계성의 요소에 대한 우선순위 그리고 상호관계성을 발췌하여 우선순위 가이드라인을 구축하였다. 둘째, 실제 노인들이 여가시설에서 느끼는 만족정도를 알아보기 위하여 부산시 사상구 노인여가 시설에 방문 및 현지 노인들을 대상으로 설문을 실시하였고, 발췌한 우선순위법(Priority Method) 결과와 비교한 내용을 기반으로 최종적으로 개선 할 사항을 정리 하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 첫째, 물품 및 기기를 노인의 여가공간에 효율적으로 배치하기 위한 노력과 이를 실질적으로 다룰 수 있는 전문성도 중요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 물리적 기기 및 프로그램을 활용한 노인여가 시설도 중요하지만 노인의 신체적, 정신적 특성을 고려하여 자발적으로 참여하기 위한 참여 형 공간도 중요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

Aging rate of rural area in our country is relatively high compared to that of the urban area. Thus, the introduction of meal service for the elderly residing in the rural area is necessary for their better living quality. Food habit, health and the nutritive intake conditions during the busy farming season were surveyed and comparative analysis of dietary intake for the introduction of meal service in pavilion of the elderly living in Chungnam, Kangwon, Jeonnam and Kyungbuk was performed for basic reference data of meal service introduction to the pavilion of the elderly in rural area. In general subject, the male elderly had a significant difference in marital state and showed that 79.4% was married and 20% was separated by death(P<0.05). In allowance, there were no significant difference but most of them lived with less then three hundred thousand won and especially, female lived with less then one hundred thousand won. In health state, the female elderly showed significant difference on difficulty with every day activity but with small trouble although they had to prepare their own meal(P<0.05). The condition dental health conditions of the female elderly had a significant difference showing bad conditions in following order; Kangwon(48%)>Chungnam(38.1%)>Kyungbuk(22.9%)>Jeonnam(22.5%)(p<0.05). The female elderly showed a significant difference in usage of denture and number of the female elderly without using the denture were very high(p<0.05). In nutrition intake condition, amount of sodium was very high but intakes of fiber and calcium were relatively 1ow(P<0.05). Meal service introduction in the pavilion of the elderly is suggested for the improvement of the life quality of the elderly in rural area. When developing the menu for them, conditions such as shortage of the fiber and calcium in diets, the dental conditions should be considered.

The purpose of this study was to identify HACCP-based CCP and CP from the microbial quality assessment on the process of side dish (stir-fried dried-shrimp with garlic stems) production in the meal service operation for the elderly. Total plate counts (TPC) of fresh garlic stalks were 7.80×103 CFU/g and they were above the standard value of microbial growth potential. The TPC, Coliform and E.coli were not detected in the dried shrimps. The TPCs after rinsing and slicing the garlic stems were 2.5×102 CFU/g and 5.5×102 CFU/g, respectively. The TPC number of cook’s hand and cutting board were also exceeded the standard limit with values of 2.2×102 CFU/g and 10.0×10 CFU/g, respectively. However, the TPC, Coliform and E.coli were not detected in the other cooking instruments. The identified CCP in inspection step was fresh garlic stems and that of prepreparation step was slicing the stems after blanching. Cook’s hand and cutting board were also verified as CCP and the other steps in cooking process and utensils tested were identified as CP’s. These result’s suggest that it is important to control the microbial contamination of raw materials at purchasing step and the sanitary education program should be developed for the employees for continuous supplement of safe and sound meal service for the elderly.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diet quality of the menus delivered by 17 free meal service centers for the low-income home-bound elderly in Chung- cheong buk-Do. Statistical data analysis was compleleted using the SPSS package program for descriptive analysis, T-test, and ANOVA. The meals offered by free meal service centers were not met the 1/3 recommended dietary allowances in calcium and vitamin B2. There were significant differences between dependent variables(nutrient content, nutrient density, nutrient deficiency, NAR, MAR, food group intake patterns) and independent variables (operation type, operation status, operation period, nutritionist, food cost).

The purpose of this study is to examine current foodservice management practices at free congregate meal service for elderly people. Forty seven meal service centers as well as randomly selected Seoul and Kyunggido area were surveyed and interviewed and results were summarized as follows: The cost of each meal(lunch) was ranged from 1,300 won to 1,500 won and 68% of target centers were severed over 100 meals per day. Meal time for lunch begins from 10:30 am to 12:00 because great portion of elderly didn't take breakfast frequently. 52.3% of centers severed meal 5 times per week, just weekdays. 21.3% of centers employeed dietitian, 63.8% of center employeed cook. 95.7% of center were supported labor force by volunteers. Volunteer was important contribution to free meal service. Utilizing the labor force more effectively is thus a major challenge facing manager in each center. Ideal supporting system of free foodstuff, foodbank was still minor source of securing foodstuff. Most of centers(46 centers)served lunch, only one of them served breakfast and lunch. Government was the major financial sponsor, the second of them was religious organization. The large portions of financial support provided only food cost of total meal service budget. Most of center adapted self-service system. Standardized recipes were not developed and meal preparation was controlled under the experience of volunteers. Recording system of nutrition management, production control, storage and inventory control was not adapted by most of sites. It is suggested that in order to meet the change of the patterns of social and family structure, the service of the center should be offended in urban area and it is necessary to develop systematic management models for the center. It was suggested that not only financial support but also systematical support on management by the local government may be necessary to meet the goal of supply nutritionally balanced food at center.

The purpose of this study is, to examine current foodservice management practices at free meal service organization for elderly people and, to evaluate the attitude of recipients about the service and their ecological background. 6 meal service center as well as randomly selected 120 recipients at Sungnam area were surveyed and interviewed and result were summarized as follow. The cost of each meal (lunch) was ranged from 1,300 won to 1,500 won and number of attendant at meal service were ranged from 50 to 200 persons. Meal time for lunch begins from 10:30 am to noon because greater portion of people (elderly) didn't take breakfast frequently. Most of the center adapted self-service system. Standard recipe was not developed and meal preparation was controlled under the experiences of volunteer’s. Recording system of, nutrition management, production control, storage and inventory control was not well adapted by most of the center. In order to measure the level of storage, sanitation etc., scorin system in survey was adapted in this study and result are as follow: The score of sanitation of kitchen was lower than dinning area and that of food storage was lowest score. It was suggested that not only financial but also systematical support on management by local government may be necessary to meet the goal of supply nutritionally balanced food at the center. The score given by the recipient on the satisfaction of meal service was rate as 4.8 at the 5-point maximum scale. Meeting friends and share social relationship was major reason (41.6% of the total) of visiting to the center. It is suggested that in order to meet the changes of the patterns of change of social and family structure, the service of the center should be extended in urban area and it is necessary to develop systematic management models for the center.

한국은 2017년 기준으로 노인인구가 전체인구의 14%가 넘는 고령사회에 진입하였고 특히 노인세대의 20%이상이 1인가구인 것으로 나타나서 지자체 등을 중심으로 노인 고독사와 위급상황 시 대처를 위한 ICT활용 응급안전알림서비스 등이 보급되고 있다. 그러나 응급안전알림서비스 등이 시행되고 있지만 기기 사용의 불편함, 기계오작동 등으로 인해 기대했던 바에 비해 실제 효과는 미비하다. 따라서 본 연구는 가족이 없거나, 혹은 가족과 떨어져서 사는 노인단독세대(1인 및 부부 가구)가 안전한 생활을 하는데 도움 줄 수 있는 ICT 활용 서비스디자인을 제안하기 위해 진행되었다. 본 연구는 앞서 진행한 선행연구 및 사례, 사용자요구사항 분석 등을 통해 나온 결과를 토대로 디자인 개발방향을 고려하여 고령자의 기존의 응급안전서비스를 개선한 것으로 연구결과가 노인단독세대가 사회적 네트워크 등을 통해 독립적으로 돌봄 커뮤니티를 꾸려나갈 수 있게 하는데 기여 할 수 있기를 기대한다.

The interest in decrepitude expanded by graying is gradually growing in modern society. Moreover, he concern over decrepitude along with healthy mind and body is increasing. Therefore, there are many concerns and efforts toward physical and mental health. In addition, the interest in and effort for appearance health and value is rising as well as physical and mind health. The middle age is the most stable age based on the economic and social status that had been achieved through the life, but it is the most stressful age due to physical health problem and appearance ageing. There are many advanced studies for self-esteem and life satisfaction in old age by using hair, skin-care, cosmetic, nail-art among beauty related fields but studies on self-esteem and perception of successful ageing through user satisfaction of beauty service is lacking. This study is aiming to verify empirically the positive effect of self-esteem improvement through user satisfaction of beauty service on perception of successful ageing for middle-aged over 50 years old. The study has assumed that the higher middle-aged’s satisfaction of beauty service is, the more self-esteem improves and there has a mediated effect to contribute successful ageing.