목적: 본 연구에서는 각막 굴절교정 수술을 받은 지 1년 이상 경과한 사람들을 대상으로 근시 퇴행에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 각막 굴절교정 수술 후 1년 이상 경과된 20세 이상의 성인 44명을 대상으로 자각적 및 타각적 굴절검사, 원거리 및 근거리 사위도 검사, AC/A비, 각막 불규칙도(CIM) 및 고위수차를 측정하였다. 결과 : 원거리 및 근거리 사위도, AC/A비 및 트레포일 수차에서 그룹별 근시도 차이는 유의하지 않게 나타났으 며, 근시 퇴행과의 상관성도 나타나지 않았다(p>0.050). 연령이 많을수록, 수술 후 경과한 기간이 길수록 근시 퇴 행이 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.050). 각막 불규칙도(CIM)에서는 정상 각막 불규칙도가 이상 각막 불규칙도보다 근시 퇴행이 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.050). 코마수차는 양안 모두 정상 코마수차 그룹에서 이상 코마수차보다 근시 퇴행이 유의하게 높게 보였다(p<0.050). 구면수차에서는 우안에서만 정상 구면수차 그룹이 이상 구면수차 그 룹보다 근시 퇴행이 유의하게 높게 나타났으며(p<0.050), 좌안에서는 그룹 간의 차이가 유의하지 않게 나타났다 (p>0.050). 결론 : 본 연구는 각막 굴절교정 수술 후 근시 퇴행에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 나이가 많 을수록, 수술 후 경과한 기간이 길수록 근시 퇴행이 많이 진행되었고, 각막 불규칙도(CIM), 코마수차와 구면수차가 낮을수록 근시 퇴행이 많이 진행되었다.

This study aims to identify and prioritize the key factors essential for transforming a traditional port into a smart port using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) based on Chang’s extent analysis method. Based on the insights of 30 experts from Vietnam and South Korea, the research framework comprises three main dimensions, namely Policy, Operation, and Environment, which are further divided into ten sub-factors. The analysis revealed that Policy and Operation were perceived as the most critical dimensions, while Environment received relatively less emphasis. At the factor level, Automation & Intelligent Infrastructure ranked highest, followed by Investment & Financial Support, Productivity, and Regulatory Frameworks. In contrast, environmental factors such as Water & Waste Management and Emission Control were ranked lowest. Notably, Vietnamese and Korean experts all value the importance of advanced technology and investment capacity but still have some differences in prioritizing the other factors, reflecting differing national contexts and developmental stages. These findings offer strategic guidance for policymakers and port authorities in tailoring smart port development strategies to local conditions and priorities.

Small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises(SMEs) have traditionally relied on skilled labor to support multi-variety, small-batch production. However, demographic changes such as low birth rates and aging populations have led to severe labor shortages, prompting increased interest in collaborative robots(cobots) as a viable alternative. Despite this necessity, many SMEs continue to face significant challenges in implementing such technologies due to technical, organizational, and environmental(TOE) constraints. While prior research has mainly focused on technology adoption from the perspective of user organizations, this study adopts a differentiated approach by analyzing adoption factors from the perspective of smart factory experts—specifically, evaluators/mentors and solution providers—who play a critical role in Korea’s policy-driven smart manufacturing environment. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP), the study evaluates the relative importance and prioritization of adoption factors across three dimensions: technology, organization, and environment. Survey data collected from 20 smart factory experts indicate that top management support, relative advantage, and safety are key determinants in cobot adoption. Furthermore, the findings reveal that organizational readiness and technical effectiveness have greater influence on implementation decisions than external pressures such as partner pressure. This study provides new insights by incorporating expert perspectives into the adoption framework and offers practical policy and managerial implications to support cobots implementation in the SMEs.

This study investigated nutrition quotient (NQ) scores of 283 Vietnamese marriage migrant women and their children in Korea and analyzed the influence of maternal dietary adaptation factors on children's dietary quality. The survey was conducted from February 3, 2025 to February 28, 2025. Based on the acculturation theory, mothers were classified into five dietary adaptation types: complete-assimilation, mixed assimilation-separation, integrated-separation, marginalization, and passive-adaptation. Among preschoolers, the complete-assimilation type had the highest total scores of balance (89.0) and practice (83.4), the lowest score of moderation (30.8), and the highest overall NQ-P score (77.8). Among preschool children, the passive-adaptation type showed the lowest total scores for all domains except moderation. In school-age children, the mixed assimilation-separation type had the highest total scores, while the passive-adaptation type had the lowest scores across all domains except moderation. Among mothers, the complete-assimilation type had the highest total scores in balance (88.0), moderation (66.1), and practice (89.6) domains with, the highest overall NQ-A score (82.1), while the passive-adaptation type had the lowest total scores in all domains except moderation. These results confirm that maternal dietary adaptation can affect children's dietary quality highlighting the importance of dietary education and support for mothers during this stage.

With the rapid expansion of personal mobility (PM) devices as urban transport alternatives, the associated safety risks have increased significantly. Although previous studies have offered insights into user behavior and accident traits, more integrated approaches that consider spatial and administrative contexts are required to better understand the factors affecting accident severity. This study investigated the factors influencing accident severity involving PM devices in Seoul, South Korea by employing a cross-classified multilevel model (CCMM) to account for both police jurisdiction and regional characteristics. Analyzing the 2021 data from the Traffic Accident Analysis System (TAAS), the model showed strong validity (ICC: 15.8%, DIC: 697.2), outperforming the logistic and hierarchical models. Key predictors of higher severity included crashes in non-standard areas (e.g., other than single roads or intersections), helmet non-use, and older age of victims and perpetrators. Violations, such as exceeding passenger capacity, were negatively associated with severity. Industrial areas and high subway station densities reduced the severity, reflecting the benefits of pedestrian-friendly infrastructure. Larger areas covered by police officers significantly increased the severity, revealing enforcement limitations. The 2021 Road Traffic Act revision has had no statistically significant impact. These results highlight the need for integrated policies that combine infrastructure improvements, enhanced enforcement, and behavioral changes to reduce the severity of PM-related accidents in urban environments.

Seafood, a major source of essential protein for human nutrition, has gained increasing significance as consumption rises due to higher income levels, growing health awareness, and environmental concerns. This study investigates the effects of individual lifestyles, food consumption tendencies, and food safety concerns on seafood consumption behavior. Utilizing data from the 2022 Food Consumption Behavior Survey conducted by the Korea Rural Economic Institute, the analysis categorizes consumers by age group to account for the nonlinear relationship between age and seafood consumption. Key variables include seafood purchase frequency, demographic characteristics, food safety concerns, and dietary preferences. The results reveal that seafood consumption patterns vary significantly across age groups, highlighting the importance of age-specific marketing strategies. Moreover, the findings suggest a need to expand and strengthen the promotion of food safety certification systems and to develop more targeted promotional strategies that reflect the diverse characteristics of individual consumers.

조리과정 중 발생하는 조리흄은 국제암연구소(IARC)에서 발암물질 2A로 규정하고 있다. 조리흄에 노출된 학교 조리 종사원들의 폐암과 같은 업무상 질병이 산업재해로 인정됨에 따라 학교 급식실 안전보건관리를 강화할 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 본 연구는 급식조리실 환기실태 조사 및 조리작업 시 행동과 전산유체역학(CFD)를 통하여 튀김 조리작업 시 발생하는 조리흄이 호흡기를 통해 흡입되는 경계구역을 확인하고, 호흡기를 통해 흡입되 는 조리흄에 노출을 최소화하기 위한 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. 돈가스 튀김 조리 시 발생하는 조리흄의 기류를 확인하기 위하여 튀김 솥 캐노피 후드의 개구면 풍속, 필터 면풍속 측정과 후드 범위 내에서 상체를 숙이고 작업하는 자세에서 호흡기를 통해 흡입되 는 조리흄의 분진 포집량과 후드의 제어풍속을 확인하였다. 측정한 결과와 튀김 후드의 구역설정을 통한 전산유체역학(CFD) 연구 결과, 튀김 조리 시 발생하는 조리흄은 캐노피 후드로 배기 되거나 튀김 솥의 열량에 의해 조리실 내부로 확산 분포되고 있었다. 특히, 후드 범위 내에서 작업하는 조리 종사원의 코 높이 영역에서의 조리흄 농도는 튀김 솥의 중앙에서 최대치로 나타났으며, 중심에서 멀어질수록 외기에 희석되어 낮은 농도를 확인 하였다. 전문가 FGI를 통해 조리흄의 유해성 인식과 관리방안에 대한 의견을 수렴하여 조리실 안전보건관리를 위한 시사점을 제시하였다. 본 연구를 통해 학교 조리 종사원들이 조리흄에 노출을 최소화 할 수 있는 시사점을 제시하여 산업재해 취약계층인 조리 종사원 의 산업재해 예방과 학교의 ESG관리강화에 기여하고자 한다.

대만은 글로벌 반도체 공급망에서 중요한 역할을 하고 있으며, 관련 제품 수출도 원활하고 경제 상황도 비교적 좋다. 그러나 이러한 경제적 이점을 대만의 청년들은 충분히 누리지 못하고 있으며, 우리나라 청년 들과 마찬가지로 일과 삶에서 여러 가지 어려움에 직면해 있다. 특히 기술 불일치로 인하여 취업에 있어 어려움을 겪는 경우가 많다. 본 연구는 이러한 상황을 반영하여 대만 청년층을 중심으로 임금 근로자들의 기술 불일치 영향 요인을 판별분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석자료는 대만 중앙연구원(Academia Sinica)의 ‘Taiwan Social Change Survey’ 7차 자료의 ‘Work Orientation’ 2차 데이터셋을 이용하였다. 판별분석결과, 기술불일치에는 임금근로자로 일하는 대만 청년들의 교육불일치, 우울, 행복, 신기술 수용 성 및 임금과 학력이 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 성별, 결혼여부, 학력, 노종조합 참여 여부는 통계적으로 유의한 효과를 보이는 것으로 나타나지 않았다. 변수의 판별에 미치는 효과의 크기는 교육불일치, 임금, 학력, 신기술 수용성의 순서로 상대적인 중요도를 나타났다. 또한, 기술일치집단의 72.3%, 기술불일치집단의 64.6%가 정확히 분류된 것으로 나타났으며, 판별적중률은 72.9%로 분석되었다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 시사점 및 한계점, 그리고 향후 연구방향이 제시되었다.

Blow-up in jointed concrete pavements refers to a type of distress caused by the excessive accumulation of compressive stress within concrete slabs, primarily resulting from internal expansion and elevated environmental temperatures. This phenomenon frequently leads to slab buckling and is challenging to predict in terms of both timing and location, thereby significantly threatening the long-term structural stability of the pavement. In the present study, the pavement growth and blow-up analysis (PGBA) model was employed to quantitatively predict the timing of blow-up events in jointed concrete pavements. The model estimates the maximum compressive stress within the slab throughout the pavement’s service life using input parameters such as reliability, climatic conditions, pavement structure, material properties, and expansion joint configurations. Subsequently, the model compares the estimated stress to the threshold stress associated with blow-up to determine the likely time of occurrence. A sensitivity analysis was performed on a range of design and environmental factors, including annual maximum temperature, annual maximum precipitation, coefficient of thermal expansion, ASR, pavement thickness, geometric imperfection, and expansion joint spacing and width. The influence of each factor on the predicted blow-up occurrence time was quantitatively evaluated. The analysis demonstrated that climatic conditions, pavement structure, material properties, and expansion joint characteristics, as considered in the PGBA model, collectively govern the timing of blow-up events. These findings offer critical insights for informing the design and maintenance strategies of jointed concrete pavements.

Growth is a fundamental and vital characteristic of abalone, regulated by both cell number and size, and modulated by growth-related genes. The mollusk-like growth factor (MLGF) is a secreted protein that plays a key role in the growth and development of Pacific abalone. In this study, the growth-specific expression of Hdh-MLGF were analyzed under different conditions commonly encountered by Pacific abalone in aquaculture systems. The expression of Hdh-MLGF varied significantly with growth patterns, showed higher expression in rapid-growing individuals and lower expression in slow-growing abalone. Under starvation conditions, Hdh-MLGF expression was downregulated as the duration of starvation progressed. Under thermal stress, Hdh-MLGF expression increased during the first 12 hours at 25 °C stress. However, at 30 °C, the highest expression was recorded after 6 hours of thermal stress. These results provide valuable insights for future research on this growth factor in abalone and its aquaculture management.

교육 분야에서 생성형 인공지능 기술의 보급과 함께 중국 고등학생의 이용의도의 영향 요인에 관한 분석은 이론적 및 실무적 의의가 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 중국 고등학교 교육 환경에 적합한 모형을 구축하고 이용 의도의 영향 요인을 분석함으로써 교육 분야의 인공지능 응용을 위한 근 거 자료를 제공하는 데 있다. 정보시스템 성공 모형, UTAUT 모형과 사 회적 인지 이론을 기반으로 사회적 영향, 자기효능감, 신뢰, 의인화, 경 제적 저항과 관습적 저항 등을 활용하여 만족도와 이용의도를 포함한 모 형을 구축했다. 설문조사와 구조방정식 모델을 통해 실증분석을 진행했 다. 연구 결과에 따르면, 첫째 시스템 품질, 정보 품질과 서비스 품질은 만족도에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 사회적 영향과 신뢰는 교사, 학 부모, 또래집단과 학교 규범을 통해 만족도를 높일 수 있다. 셋째, 자기 효능감, 의인화와 만족도는 이용의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며 의인 화가 가장 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 경제적 저항과 관습적 저항은 만족도 와 이용의도에 각각 부정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 본 연구는 고등학생 집단 을 대상으로 정보시스템 성공 모형의 적합성을 검증하고 감정적 및 문화 적 요소를 도입하여 교육 기술 수용 관련 연구 모형을 구축했다. 실무적 시사점으로 첫째, 시스템 성능과 감정적 인터랙티브 디자인을 최적화한 다. 둘째, 교사와 학부모의 영향을 강화하고 긍정적인 이용 분위기를 조 성한다. 셋째, 이용 장벽을 낮추고 교육 자원의 보급성을 높인다.

This study investigates the effects of experiential marketing by categorizing fashion pop-up store experiences according to the strategic experiential modules (SEMs): sensory, emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and relational. It analyzes how these experiential factors influence shopping flow, impulse buying, and word-of-mouth intentions. A survey was conducted with 400 participants, equally distributed by gender and age group (20 and 30-year-old). Valid responses from 320 participants were analyzed using factor analysis, reliability testing, correlation analysis, and regression analysis in SPSS. Findings revealed four key elements of experiential marketing: sensory/emotional, relational, cognitive, and behavioral. Sensory/emotional, relational, and cognitive factors positively affected shopping flow, which enhanced impulse buying and word-of-mouth intentions. However, behavioral factors did not have a significant effect. These results underscore the impact of experiential marketing on pop-up store customer behavior and highlight the understudied area of word-of-mouth marketing. The study specifically targeted consumers most likely to visit pop-up stores, ensuring practical significance by providing data to develop strategies for increasing experiential marketing efficiency. Additionally, the results identify the critical elements of experiential marketing in pop-up stores and examine how they interact with shopping flow and impulse buying. This research contributes valuable insights into optimizing consumer engagement in pop-up retail environments, emphasizing the importance of sensory and relational experiences in driving consumer behavior and addressing gaps in existing marketing literature.

Given the hazards posed by black ice, it is crucial to investigate the conditions that contribute to its formation. Two ensemble machinelearning algorithms, Random Forest (RF) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), were employed to forecast the occurrence of black ice using atmospheric data. Additionally, explainable artificial intelligence techniques, including Feature Importance (FI) and partial dependence Plot (PDP), were utilized to identify atmospheric conditions that significantly increase the likelihood of black ice formation. The machinelearning algorithms achieved a forecasting accuracy of 90%, demonstrating reliable performance. FI analysis revealed distinct key predictors between the algorithms: relative humidity was the most critical for RF, whereas wind speed was paramount for XGBoost. The PDP analysis identified the specific atmospheric conditions under which black ice was likely to form. This study provides detailed insights into the atmospheric precursors of frost/fog-induced black ice formation. These findings enable road managers to implement proactive winter road maintenance strategies, such as optimizing anti-icing patrol routes and displaying warnings on various message signs, thereby enhancing road safety.