본 논문은 펫 휴머니제이션 현상으로 펫푸드 시장이 질적으로 고도화되었음에도, 불구하고, 여전히 「사료관 리법」상 축산 생산 수단적 관점에 머물러 있는 현행 관 리 체계의 한계를 조명하고 실증적인 물성 표준화 방안 을 제시하고자 수행되었다. 우선 KS H 4897 및 법정 관 리 체계와의 비교·분석을 통해 펫푸드 물성 규격화의 제 도적 미비점을 규명하였다. 또한, 반려견 보호자 71명을 대상으로 시행한 설문조사 결과, 응답자의 97.0%가 제품 구매 시 물성을 주요하게 고려하나 54.0%는 제조사별 다 른 마케팅 용어로 인해 선택의 어려움을 겪고 있음을 확 인하였다. 특히 단단한 제형으로 인한 치아 및 잇몸 손상 경험(15.0%)과 습식 급여 중 사레 경험(46.0%) 등 실질적 인 급여 안전사고 실태를 통해 정량적 지표 도입의 당위 성을 확보하였다. 이를 바탕으로 반려견의 해부학적 구조 와 체급별 치악력 등 수의학적 근거를 반영하여 유동식 부터 고강직식까지 아우르는 5단계의 ‘반려견 Texture-Code’를 도출하였다. 본 논문은 영양 성분에 치 중되었던 기존 품질 관리 패러다임을 물리적 섭식 안전 분야로 확장하고, 향후 반려동물의 지위 변화를 반영한 선진적 사료 관리 체계 수립을 위한 기초 자료를 제공한 다는 점에서 학술적·제도적 의의를 지닌다.

In Korea, the agricultural industry has witnessed a growing emphasis on reducing reliance on imported forage by adopting locally available alternatives to enhance sustainability and self-sufficiency. Given the limited information on the potential use of whole-crop rice silage (WCRS) as livestock feed, this study evaluated the effects of total mixed rations (TMR) containing WCRS on the rumen microbiota of Hanwoo heifers. Thirty heifers (body weight = 351 ± 39 kg) were randomly assigned to three TMR diet groups for the early fattening period: oat hay (OH), oat hay with Italian ryegrass silage and corn silage (OIC), and silages from whole-crop rice, Italian ryegrass, and corn (WCRSEF). During the late fattening period, the same heifers (569 ± 40 kg) were reassigned to three other treatment groups: perennial ryegrass (PRG), Italian ryegrass silage and alfalfa hay (IRGA), and silage containing whole-crop rice (WCRSLF). The effects of different feeding diets on the rumen microbial composition of Hanwoo heifers were investigated using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The analysis revealed similar microbial diversity among the treatments across both fattening periods. Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the most dominant phyla during early and late fattening periods. Moreover, during the early fattening period, heifers fed WCRS exhibited a higher ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes, whereas Firmicutes became more predominant in the late fattening period. Hungateiclostridium and Porphyromonas were identified as biomarkers (LDA score > | 2 |; p < 0.05) for the WCRSEF and WCRSLF groups, respectively. Furthermore, the microbial co-occurrence network highlighted different patterns (| r | = 0.85; p < 0.05) between the early and late fattening periods. The results provide significant insights into the effects of WCRS as a substitute for conventional forages such as oat hay, perennial ryegrass, alfalfa, and Italian ryegrass silage. The findings suggest that WCRS can modulate the rumen microbiome of Hanwoo heifers.

Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam., IRG) is a widely cultivated winter forage crop known for its high yield and nutritional value. This study evaluated the processing characteristics and feeding performance of IRG-based pellets in Hanwoo cattle (Bos taurus coreanae) and Korean native black goats (Capra hircus). IRG was harvested at the optimal growth stage and processed into two pellet formulations: IRG ≥80% (with up to 20% soybean meal) and 100% IRG. Feeding trials were conducted under ad libitum feeding conditions. Hanwoo cattle showed higher intake of 100% IRG pellets (7.9 kg/day/head) than IRG ≥80% pellets (7.5 kg/day/head, p<0.05), with similar average daily gain (0.9 ± 0.4 kg/day/head). Conversely, black goats exhibited significantly lower intake of IRG ≥80% pellets (54.6 g/day/head) compared to 100% IRG pellets (266 g/day/head), likely due to reduced palatability associated with soybean meal inclusion. These findings suggest that IRG pellets are suitable for Hanwoo cattle, while further optimization of pellet size and formulation is required to improve acceptance in goats. Future studies should assess long-term impacts on digestion, rumen fermentation, and metabolic responses.